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translating behaviors, polished translations of several terms

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东方孤思子（Paris·QianSen）
2014-07-05 00:28:22 +08:00
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docs/guide-zh-CN/concept-behaviors.md
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@@ -1,66 +1,56 @@
行为（Behavior）
=========
行为（Behavior）是 [[yii\base\Behmixinsavior]] 或其子类的实例。 Behavior 也被称为[Mixin（理解为混合类型，英文维基）](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixin)，允许你增强已有
[[yii\base\Component|组件]] 类的功能，而无需改变类的继承结构。当一个行为被附加到组件之上是，他会向组件“注入”他的属性与方法。
When a behavior is attached to a component, it will "inject" its methods and properties into the component,
and you can access these methods and properties as if they are defined by the component class. Moreover, a behavior
can respond to the [events](concept-events.md) triggered by the component so that it can customize or adapt the normal
code execution of the component.
行为（Behavior）是 [[yii\base\Behmixinsavior]] 或其子类的实例。 Behavior 也被称为
[Mixin（Mix In可以理解为包含若干个类的部分方法和属性的混合类，英文维基）](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixin)，允许你增强已有
[[yii\base\Component|组件]] 类的功能，而无需改变类的继承结构。当一个行为被配属到组件之上是，他会向组件“注入”他的属性与方法，就好像这些方法原本就定义在组件里一样。此外，行为能响应由组件所触发的[事件](basic-events.md)，从而自定义或调整组件内默认的代码执行。
Using Behaviors <a name="using-behaviors"></a>
使用行为 <a name="using-behaviors"></a>
---------------
To use a behavior, you first need to attach it to a [[yii\base\Component|component]]. We will describe how to
attach a behavior in the next subsection.
要使用行为，你首先需要把它配属到某个[[yii\base\Component|组件]]上。我们会在接下来的章节内讲解如何配属一个行为。
Once a behavior is attached to a component, its usage is straightforward.
行为被配属到组件之后，它的用法是很直截了当的。
You can access a *public* member variable or a [property](concept-properties.md) defined by a getter and/or a setter
of the behavior through the component it is attached to, like the following,
可以通过行为所配属的组件，访问它的 *public* 成员变量或由 getter 和/或 setter 定义的[属性](concept-properties.md)，就像这样：
```php
// "prop1" is a property defined in the behavior class
// "prop1" 是一个定义在行为类中的属性
echo $component->prop1;
$component->prop1 = $value;
```
You can also call a *public* method of the behavior similarly,
与之相似的，你也可以调用行为类的 *public* 方法，
```php
// bar() is a public method defined in the behavior class
// bar() 是一个定义在行为类中的公共方法
$component->bar();
```
As you can see, although `$component` does not define `prop1` and `bar()`, they can be used as if they are part
of the component definition.
如你所见，尽管 `$component` 并没有定义 `prop1` 和 `bar()`，它们依旧好像是组件自身定义的一部分一样。
If two behaviors define the same property or method and they are both attached to the same component,
the behavior that is attached to the component first will take precedence when the property or method is being accessed.
如果两个行为都定义了一样的属性或方法，并且它们都配属到同一个组件，那么先附加上的行为在属性或方法被访问时就有优先权。
A behavior may be associated with a name when it is attached to a component. If this is the case, you may
access the behavior object using the name, like the following,
当行为配属到组件时可以关联一个行为名。此时就能使用这个名称来访问行为对象，如下所示：
```php
$behavior = $component->getBehavior('myBehavior');
```
You may also get all behaviors attached to a component:
也能获取组件所配属的所有行为：
```php
$behaviors = $component->getBehaviors();
```
Attaching Behaviors <a name="attaching-behaviors"></a>
配属行为 <a name="attaching-behaviors"></a>
-------------------
You can attach a behavior to a [[yii\base\Component|component]] either statically or dynamically. The former
is more commonly used in practice.
可以选择静态或动态地配属行为到 [[yii\base\Component|组件]]。在具体实践中，前者更常见。
To attach a behavior statically, override the [[yii\base\Component::behaviors()|behaviors()]] method of the component
class that it is being attached. For example,
要静态配属行为，重写目标组件类的 [[yii\base\Component::behaviors()|behaviors()]] 方法即可。如：
```php
namespace app\models;
@@ -73,20 +63,20 @@ class User extends ActiveRecord
public function behaviors()
{
return [
// anonymous behavior, behavior class name only
// 匿名行为 => 行为类名
MyBehavior::className(),
// named behavior, behavior class name only
// 命名行为 => 行为类名
'myBehavior2' => MyBehavior::className(),
// anonymous behavior, configuration array
// 匿名行为 => 配置数组
[
'class' => MyBehavior::className(),
'prop1' => 'value1',
'prop2' => 'value2',
],
// named behavior, configuration array
// 命名行为 => 配置数组
'myBehavior4' => [
'class' => MyBehavior::className(),
'prop1' => 'value1',
@@ -97,27 +87,22 @@ class User extends ActiveRecord
}
```
The [[yii\base\Component::behaviors()|behaviors()]] method should return a list of behavior [configurations](concept-configurations.md).
Each behavior configuration can be either a behavior class name or a configuration array.
[[yii\base\Component::behaviors()|behaviors()]] 方法应该返回一个包含所有行为[配置信息](concept-configurations.md)的列表。每个行为的配置信息可以是行为的类名也可以是其配置数组。
You may associate a name with a behavior by specifying the array key corresponding to the behavior configuration.
In this case, the behavior is called a *named behavior*. In the above example, there are two named behaviors:
`myBehavior2` and `myBehavior4`. If a behavior is not associated with a name, it is called an *anonymous behavior*.
通过为行为配置信息指定相应的键名，可以给行为关联一个名称。这种行为称为**命名行为**。在上例中存在两个命名行为：`myBehavior2` 和 `myBehavior4` 。同理如果行为没有关联名称就是**匿名行为**。
To attach a behavior dynamically, call the [[yii\base\Component::attachBehavior()]] method of the component
that it is attached to. For example,
要动态地配属行为，只需调用目标组件的 [[yii\base\Component::attachBehavior()]] 方法即可，如：
```php
use app\components\MyBehavior;
// attach a behavior object
// 配属一个行为对象
$component->attachBehavior('myBehavior1', new MyBehavior);
// attach a behavior class
// 配属行为类
$component->attachBehavior('myBehavior2', MyBehavior::className());
// attach a configuration array
// 配属一个配置数组
$component->attachBehavior('myBehavior3', [
'class' => MyBehavior::className(),
'prop1' => 'value1',
@@ -125,18 +110,16 @@ $component->attachBehavior('myBehavior3', [
]);
```
You may attach multiple behaviors at once by using the [[yii\base\Component::attachBehaviors()]] method.
For example,
你也可以通过 [[yii\base\Component::attachBehaviors()]] 方法一次性配属多个行为。比如：
```php
$component->attachBehaviors([
'myBehavior1' => new MyBehavior, // a named behavior
MyBehavior::className(), // an anonymous behavior
'myBehavior1' => new MyBehavior, // 一个命名行为
MyBehavior::className(), // 一个匿名行为
]);
```
You may also attach behaviors through [configurations](concept-configurations.md) like the following. For more details,
please refer to the [Configurations](concept-configurations.md#configuration-format) section.
如下所示，你也可以通过[配置数组](concept-configurations.md)配属行为。更多细节，请参考[配置（Configs）](concept-configurations.md#configuration-format)章节。
```php
[
@@ -151,23 +134,23 @@ please refer to the [Configurations](concept-configurations.md#configuration-for
```
Detaching Behaviors <a name="detaching-behaviors"></a>
拆卸行为 <a name="detaching-behaviors"></a>
-------------------
To detach a behavior, you can call [[yii\base\Component::detachBehavior()]] with the name associated with the behavior:
要拆卸行为，可以用行为的键名调用 [[yii\base\Component::detachBehavior()]] 方法：
```php
$component->detachBehavior('myBehavior1');
```
You may also detach *all* behaviors:
也可以一次性拆卸掉**所有的**行为：
```php
$component->detachBehaviors();
```
Defining Behaviors <a name="defining-behaviors"></a>
定义行为 <a name="defining-behaviors"></a>
------------------
To define a behavior, create a class by extending from [[yii\base\Behavior]] or its child class. For example,
@@ -252,7 +235,7 @@ function ($event) {
```
Using `TimestampBehavior` <a name="using-timestamp-behavior"></a>
使用 `TimestampBehavior` <a name="using-timestamp-behavior"></a>
-------------------------
To wrap up, let's take a look at [[yii\behaviors\TimestampBehavior]] - a behavior that supports automatically
@@ -310,7 +293,7 @@ $user->touch('login_time');
```
Comparison with Traits <a name="comparison-with-traits"></a>
与 Traits（特质）的对比 <a name="comparison-with-traits"></a>
----------------------
While behaviors are similar to [traits](http://www.php.net/traits) in that they both "inject" their
@@ -318,7 +301,7 @@ properties and methods to the primary class, they differ in many aspects. As exp
both have pros and cons. They are more like complements rather than replacements to each other.
### Pros for Behaviors <a name="pros-for-behaviors"></a>
### Behavior 的好处 <a name="pros-for-behaviors"></a>
Behavior classes, like normal classes, support inheritance. Traits, on the other hand,
can be considered as language-supported copy and paste. They do not support inheritance.
@@ -336,7 +319,7 @@ Name conflict caused by different traits requires you to manually resolve it by
properties or methods.
### Pros for Traits <a name="pros-for-traits"></a>
### Traits 的好处 <a name="pros-for-traits"></a>
Traits are much more efficient than behaviors because behaviors are objects which take both time and memory.