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110 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
110 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
% podman-unshare 1
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## NAME
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podman\-unshare - Run a command inside of a modified user namespace
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## SYNOPSIS
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**podman unshare** [*options*] [*command*]
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## DESCRIPTION
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Launches a process (by default, *$SHELL*) in a new user namespace. The user
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namespace is configured so that the invoking user's UID and primary GID appear
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to be UID 0 and GID 0, respectively. Any ranges which match that user and
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group in `/etc/subuid` and `/etc/subgid` are also mapped in as themselves with the
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help of the *newuidmap(1)* and *newgidmap(1)* helpers.
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**podman unshare** is useful for troubleshooting unprivileged operations and for
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manually clearing storage and other data related to images and containers.
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It is also useful to use the **podman mount** command. If an unprivileged user wants to mount and work with a container, then they need to execute
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**podman unshare**. Executing **podman mount** fails for unprivileged users unless the user is running inside a **podman unshare** session.
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The unshare session defines two environment variables:
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- **CONTAINERS_GRAPHROOT**: the path to the persistent container's data.
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- **CONTAINERS_RUNROOT**: the path to the volatile container's data.
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*IMPORTANT: This command is not available with the remote Podman client.*
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## OPTIONS
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#### **--help**, **-h**
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Print usage statement
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#### **--rootless-netns**
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Join the rootless network namespace used for netavark networking. It can be used to
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connect to a rootless container via IP address (bridge networking). This is otherwise
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not possible from the host network namespace.
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## Exit Codes
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The exit code from `podman unshare` gives information about why the container
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failed to run or why it exited. When `podman unshare` commands exit with a non-zero code,
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the exit codes follow the `chroot` standard, see below:
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**125** The error is with podman **_itself_**
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$ podman unshare --foo; echo $?
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Error: unknown flag: --foo
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125
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**126** Executing a _contained command_ and the _command_ cannot be invoked
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$ podman unshare /etc; echo $?
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Error: fork/exec /etc: permission denied
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126
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**127** Executing a _contained command_ and the _command_ cannot be found
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$ podman unshare foo; echo $?
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Error: fork/exec /usr/bin/bogus: no such file or directory
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127
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**Exit code** _contained command_ exit code
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$ podman unshare /bin/sh -c 'exit 3'; echo $?
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3
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## EXAMPLE
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Execute specified command in rootless user namespace:
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```
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$ podman unshare id
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uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),65534(nobody)
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```
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Show user namespace mappings for rootless containers:
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```
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$ podman unshare cat /proc/self/uid_map /proc/self/gid_map
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0 1000 1
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1 10000 65536
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0 1000 1
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1 10000 65536
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```
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Show rootless netns information in user namespace for rootless containers:
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```
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$ podman unshare --rootless-netns ip addr
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1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
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link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
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inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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inet6 ::1/128 scope host
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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2: tap0: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65520 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
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link/ether aa:8c:0b:73:98:f6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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inet 10.0.2.100/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global tap0
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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inet6 fd00::a88c:bff:fe73:98f6/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr
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valid_lft 86389sec preferred_lft 14389sec
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inet6 fe80::a88c:bff:fe73:98f6/64 scope link
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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```
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## SEE ALSO
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**[podman(1)](podman.1.md)**, **[podman-mount(1)](podman-mount.1.md)**, **namespaces(7)**, **newuidmap(1)**, **newgidmap(1)**, **user\_namespaces(7)**
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