Fix a potential race around the exec cleanup process

Every exec session run attached will, on exit, do two things: it
will signal the associated `podman exec` that it is finished (to
allow Podman to collect the exit code and exit), and spawn a
cleanup process to clean up the exec session (in case the `podman
exec` process died, we still need to clean up). If an exec
session is created that exits almost instantly, but generates a
large amount of output (e.g. prints thousands of lines), the
cleanup process can potentially execute before `podman exec` has
a chance to read the exit code, resulting in errors. Handle this
by detecting if the cleanup process has already removed the exec
session before handling the error from reading the exec exit
code.

[NO NEW TESTS NEEDED] I have no idea how to test this in CI.

Fixes #13227

Signed-off-by: Matthew Heon <mheon@redhat.com>

libpod/container_exec.go

@@ -341,22 +341,60 @@ func (c *Container) ExecStartAndAttach(sessionID string, streams *define.AttachS
 	}
 	lastErr = tmpErr
 
-	exitCode, err := c.readExecExitCode(session.ID())
-	if err != nil {
+	exitCode, exitCodeErr := c.readExecExitCode(session.ID())
+
+	// Lock again.
+	// Important: we must lock and sync *before* the above error is handled.
+	// We need info from the database to handle the error.
+	if !c.batched {
+		c.lock.Lock()
+	}
+	// We can't reuse the old exec session (things may have changed from
+	// other use, the container was unlocked).
+	// So re-sync and get a fresh copy.
+	// If we can't do this, no point in continuing, any attempt to save
+	// would write garbage to the DB.
+	if err := c.syncContainer(); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, define.ErrNoSuchCtr) || errors.Is(err, define.ErrCtrRemoved) {
+			// We can't save status, but since the container has
+			// been entirely removed, we don't have to; exit cleanly
+			return lastErr
+		}
 		if lastErr != nil {
 			logrus.Errorf("Container %s exec session %s error: %v", c.ID(), session.ID(), lastErr)
 		}
-		lastErr = err
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "error syncing container %s state to update exec session %s", c.ID(), sessionID)
+	}
+
+	// Now handle the error from readExecExitCode above.
+	if exitCodeErr != nil {
+		newSess, ok := c.state.ExecSessions[sessionID]
+		if !ok {
+			// The exec session was removed entirely, probably by
+			// the cleanup process. When it did so, it should have
+			// written an event with the exit code.
+			// Given that, there's nothing more we can do.
+			logrus.Infof("Container %s exec session %s already removed", c.ID(), session.ID())
+			return lastErr
+		}
+
+		if newSess.State == define.ExecStateStopped {
+			// Exec session already cleaned up.
+			// Exit code should be recorded, so it's OK if we were
+			// not able to read it.
+			logrus.Infof("Container %s exec session %s already cleaned up", c.ID(), session.ID())
+			return lastErr
+		}
+
+		if lastErr != nil {
+			logrus.Errorf("Container %s exec session %s error: %v", c.ID(), session.ID(), lastErr)
+		}
+		lastErr = exitCodeErr
 	}
 
 	logrus.Debugf("Container %s exec session %s completed with exit code %d", c.ID(), session.ID(), exitCode)
 
-	// Lock again
-	if !c.batched {
-		c.lock.Lock()
-	}
-
-	if err := writeExecExitCode(c, session.ID(), exitCode); err != nil {
+	if err := justWriteExecExitCode(c, session.ID(), exitCode); err != nil {
 		if lastErr != nil {
 			logrus.Errorf("Container %s exec session %s error: %v", c.ID(), session.ID(), lastErr)
 		}