chore(): add updated snapshots

Co-authored-by: Brandy Smith <6577830+brandyscarney@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/actions/publish-npm/action.yml

@@ -8,48 +8,53 @@ inputs:
   tag:
     description: 'The tag to publish to on NPM.'
   preid:
-    description: 'The prerelease identifier used when doing a prerelease.'
+    description: "Prerelease identifier such as 'alpha', 'beta', 'rc', or 'next'. Leave blank to skip prerelease tagging."
   working-directory:
     description: 'The directory of the package.'
   folder:
     default: './'
     description: 'A folder containing a package.json file.'
-  token:
-    description: 'The NPM authentication token required to publish.'
+  node-version:
+    description: 'Node.js version to use when publishing.'
+    required: false
+    default: '24.x'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - name: 🟢 Configure Node for Publish
+      uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
-        node-version: 24.x
+        node-version: ${{ inputs.node-version }}
+        registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org'
+        scope: '@ionic'
     # Provenance requires npm 9.5.0+
-    - name: Install latest npm
+    - name: 📦 Install latest npm
       run: npm install -g npm@latest
       shell: bash
     # This ensures the local version of Lerna is installed
     # and that we do not use the global Lerna version
-    - name: Install root dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install root dependencies
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 📦 Install Dependencies
       run: npx lerna@5 bootstrap --include-dependencies --scope ${{ inputs.scope }} --ignore-scripts -- --legacy-peer-deps
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-    - name: Update Version
-      run: npx lerna@5 version ${{ inputs.version }} --yes --exact --no-changelog --no-push --no-git-tag-version --preid=${{ inputs.preid }}
+    - name: 🏷️ Set Version
+      run: |
+        if [ -z "${{ inputs.preid }}" ]; then
+          npx lerna@5 version ${{ inputs.version }} --yes --exact --no-changelog --no-push --no-git-tag-version
+        else
+          npx lerna@5 version ${{ inputs.version }} --yes --exact --no-changelog --no-push --no-git-tag-version --preid=${{ inputs.preid }}
+        fi
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-    - name: Run Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Run Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-    - name: Prepare NPM Token
-      run: echo //registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken=${NPM_TOKEN} > .npmrc
-      working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
-      shell: bash
-      env:
-        NPM_TOKEN: ${{ inputs.token }}
-    - name: Publish to NPM
+    - name: 🚀 Publish to NPM
       run: npm publish ${{ inputs.folder }} --tag ${{ inputs.tag }} --provenance
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ${{ inputs.working-directory }}
+

.github/ionic-issue-bot.yml

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ comment:
 
 
         If the requested feature is something you would find useful for your applications, please react to the original post with 👍 (`+1`). If you would like to provide an additional use case for the feature, please post a comment.
-        
+
 
         The team will review this feedback and make a final decision. Any decision will be posted on this thread, but please note that we may ultimately decide not to pursue this feature.
 
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ stale:
   exemptLabels:
     - "good first issue"
     - "triage"
+    - "bug: external"
     - "type: bug"
     - "type: feature request"
     - "needs: investigation"

.github/workflows/actions/build-angular-server/action.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ description: 'Build Ionic Angular Server'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - name: Install Angular Server Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Angular Server Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular-server
-    - name: Sync
+    - name: 🔄 Sync
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular-server
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build.prod
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular-server

.github/workflows/actions/build-angular/action.yml

@@ -11,23 +11,27 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - name: Install Angular Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Angular Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular
-    - name: Sync
+    - name: 🔄 Sync
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular
-    - name: Lint
+    - name: 🖌️ Lint
       run: npm run lint
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular
-    - name: Check Diff
+    - name: Clean core package.json
+      run: git checkout ./package.json
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ./core
+    - name: 🔍 Check Diff
       run: git diff --exit-code
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular

.github/workflows/actions/build-core-stencil-prerelease/action.yml

@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
 
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       working-directory: ./core
       shell: bash
-    - name: Install Stencil ${{ inputs.stencil-version }}
+    - name: 📦 Install Stencil ${{ inputs.stencil-version }}
       working-directory: ./core
       run: npm i @stencil/core@${{ inputs.stencil-version }}
       shell: bash
-    - name: Build Core
+    - name: 🏗️ Build Core
       run: npm run build -- --ci --debug --verbose
       working-directory: ./core
       shell: bash
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ runs:
       with:
         name: ionic-core
         output: core/CoreBuild.zip
-        paths: core/dist core/components core/css core/hydrate core/loader core/src/components.d.ts
+        paths: core/dist core/components core/css core/hydrate core/loader core/src/components.d.ts core/package.json

.github/workflows/actions/build-core/action.yml

@@ -8,22 +8,22 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm install
       working-directory: ./core
       shell: bash
     # If an Ionicons version was specified install that.
     # Otherwise just use the version defined in the package.json.
-    - name: Install Ionicons Version
+    - name: 📦 Install Ionicons Version
       if: inputs.ionicons-version != ''
       run: npm install ionicons@${{ inputs.ionicons-version }}
       working-directory: ./core
       shell: bash
-    - name: Build Core
+    - name: 🏗️ Build Core
       run: npm run build -- --ci
       working-directory: ./core
       shell: bash

.github/workflows/actions/build-react-router/action.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ description: 'Build Ionic React Router'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -16,19 +16,19 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-react
         path: ./packages/react
         filename: ReactBuild.zip
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router
-    - name: Sync
+    - name: 🔄 Sync
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router
-    - name: Lint
+    - name: 🖌️ Lint
       run: npm run lint
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router

.github/workflows/actions/build-react/action.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ description: 'Build Ionic React'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -11,27 +11,31 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - name: Install React Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install React Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react
-    - name: Sync
+    - name: 🔄 Sync
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react
-    - name: Lint
+    - name: 🖌️ Lint
       run: npm run lint
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react
-    - name: Test Spec
+    - name: 🧪 Test Spec
       run: npm run test.spec
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react
-    - name: Check Diff
+    - name: Clean core package.json
+      run: git checkout ./package.json
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ./core
+    - name: 🔍 Check Diff
       run: git diff --exit-code
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react

.github/workflows/actions/build-vue-router/action.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ description: 'Builds Ionic Vue Router'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -16,23 +16,23 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-vue
         path: ./packages/vue
         filename: VueBuild.zip
-    - name: Install Vue Router Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Vue Router Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue-router
-    - name: Sync
+    - name: 🔄 Sync
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue-router
-    - name: Lint
+    - name: 🖌️ Lint
       run: npm run lint
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue-router
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue-router
-    - name: Test Spec
+    - name: 🧪 Test Spec
       run: npm run test.spec
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue-router

.github/workflows/actions/build-vue/action.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ description: 'Build Ionic Vue'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -11,23 +11,27 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - name: Install Vue Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Vue Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue
-    - name: Sync
+    - name: 🔄 Sync
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue
-    - name: Lint
+    - name: 🖌️ Lint
       run: npm run lint
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue
-    - name: Check Diff
+    - name: Clean core package.json
+      run: git checkout ./package.json
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ./core
+    - name: 🔍 Check Diff
       run: git diff --exit-code
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue

.github/workflows/actions/download-archive/action.yml

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
       with:
         name: ${{ inputs.name }}
         path: ${{ inputs.path }}
-    - name: Extract Archive
+    - name: 🔎 Extract Archive
       run: unzip -q -o ${{ inputs.path }}/${{ inputs.filename }}
       shell: bash

.github/workflows/actions/test-angular-e2e/action.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -17,30 +17,30 @@ runs:
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
         name: ionic-angular
-        path: ./angular
+        path: ./packages/angular
         filename: AngularBuild.zip
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
         name: ionic-angular-server
         path: ./packages/angular-server
         filename: AngularServerBuild.zip
-    - name: Create Test App
+    - name: 🧪 Create Test App
       run: ./build.sh ${{ inputs.app }}
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular/test
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm install
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Install Playwright Browsers
+    - name: 📦 Install Playwright Browsers
       run: npx playwright install
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Sync Built Changes
+    - name: 🔄 Sync Built Changes
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Run Tests
+    - name: 🧪 Run Tests
       run: npm run test
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/angular/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}

.github/workflows/actions/test-core-clean-build/action.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ description: 'Test Core Clean Build'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
 
@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - name: Check Diff
+    - name: Clean core package.json
+      run: git checkout ./package.json
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ./core
+    - name: 🔍 Check Diff
       run: |
         git diff --exit-code || {
           echo -e "\033[1;31m⚠️ Error: Differences Detected ⚠️\033[0m"

.github/workflows/actions/test-core-lint/action.yml

@@ -3,21 +3,25 @@ description: 'Test Core Lint'
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       working-directory: ./core
       shell: bash
-    - name: Lint
+    - name: Clean core package.json
+      run: git checkout ./package.json
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ./core
+    - name: 🖌️ Lint
       run: npm run lint
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./core
     # Lint changes should be pushed
     # to the branch before the branch
     # is merge eligible.
-    - name: Check Lint Results
+    - name: 🔎 Check Lint Results
       run: git diff --exit-code
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./core

.github/workflows/actions/test-core-screenshot/action.yml

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -21,15 +21,19 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm install
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./core
-    - name: Test
+    - name: 🧪 Test
       if: inputs.update != 'true'
       run: npm run test.e2e.docker.ci ${{ inputs.component }} -- --shard=${{ inputs.shard }}/${{ inputs.totalShards }}
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./core
+    - name: Clean core package.json
+      run: git checkout ./package.json
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ./core
     - name: Test and Update
       id: test-and-update
       if: inputs.update == 'true'
@@ -60,13 +64,13 @@ runs:
         fi
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./core
-    - name: Archive Updated Screenshots
+    - name: 📦 Archive Updated Screenshots
       if: inputs.update == 'true' && steps.test-and-update.outputs.hasUpdatedScreenshots == 'true'
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
       with:
         name: updated-screenshots-${{ inputs.shard }}-${{ inputs.totalShards }}
         path: UpdatedScreenshots-${{ inputs.shard }}-${{ inputs.totalShards }}.zip
-    - name: Archive Test Results
+    - name: 📦 Archive Test Results
       # The always() ensures that this step
       # runs even if the previous step fails.
       # We want the test results to be archived

.github/workflows/actions/test-core-spec/action.yml

@@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm ci
       working-directory: ./core
       shell: bash
-    - name: Install Stencil ${{ inputs.stencil-version }}
+    - name: 📦 Install Stencil ${{ inputs.stencil-version }}
       run: npm install @stencil/core@${{ inputs.stencil-version }}
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./core
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - name: Test
+    - name: 🧪 Test
       run: npm run test.spec -- --ci
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./core

.github/workflows/actions/test-react-e2e/action.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-react-router
         path: ./packages/react-router
         filename: ReactRouterBuild.zip
-    - name: Create Test App
+    - name: 🧪 Create Test App
       run: ./build.sh ${{ inputs.app }}
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react/test
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm install
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Sync Built Changes
+    - name: 🔄 Sync Built Changes
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Run Tests
+    - name: 🧪 Run Tests
       run: npm run e2e
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}

.github/workflows/actions/test-react-router-e2e/action.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-react-router
         path: ./packages/react-router
         filename: ReactRouterBuild.zip
-    - name: Create Test App
+    - name: 🧪 Create Test App
       run: ./build.sh ${{ inputs.app }}
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router/test
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 🕸️ Install Dependencies
       run: npm install
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Sync Built Changes
+    - name: 🔄 Sync Built Changes
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Build
+    - name: 🏗️ Build
       run: npm run build
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Run Tests
+    - name: 🧪 Run Tests
       run: npm run e2e
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/react-router/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}

.github/workflows/actions/test-vue-e2e/action.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@ runs:
         name: ionic-vue-router
         path: ./packages/vue-router
         filename: VueRouterBuild.zip
-    - name: Create Test App
+    - name: 🧪 Create Test App
       run: ./build.sh ${{ inputs.app }}
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue/test
-    - name: Install Dependencies
+    - name: 📦 Install Dependencies
       run: npm install
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Sync
+    - name: 🔄 Sync
       run: npm run sync
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Run Spec Tests
+    - name: 🧪 Run Spec Tests
       run: npm run test:unit
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}
-    - name: Run E2E Tests
+    - name: 🧪 Run E2E Tests
       run: npm run test:e2e
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./packages/vue/test/build/${{ inputs.app }}

.github/workflows/actions/update-reference-screenshots/action.yml

@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ on:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@6044e13b5dc448c55e2357c09f80417699197238 # v6.2.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
-    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
+    - uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
       with:
         path: ./artifacts
-    - name: Extract Archives
+    - name: 🔎 Extract Archives
       # This finds all .zip files in the ./artifacts
       # directory, including nested directories.
       # It then unzips every .zip to the root directory
@@ -21,7 +21,11 @@ runs:
         find . -type f -name 'UpdatedScreenshots-*.zip' -exec unzip -q -o -d ../ {} \;
       shell: bash
       working-directory: ./artifacts
-    - name: Push Screenshots
+    - name: Clean core package.json
+      run: git checkout ./package.json
+      shell: bash
+      working-directory: ./core
+    - name: 📸 Push Screenshots
       # Configure user as Ionitron
       # and push only the changed .png snapshots
       # to the remote branch.

.github/workflows/actions/upload-archive/action.yml

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - name: Create Archive
+    - name: 🗄️ Create Archive
       run: zip -q -r ${{ inputs.output }} ${{ inputs.paths }}
       shell: bash
-    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
+    - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
       with:
         name: ${{ inputs.name }}
         path: ${{ inputs.output }}

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
   build-core:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-core
         with:
           ionicons-version: ${{ inputs.ionicons_npm_release_tag }}
@@ -31,21 +31,21 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-clean-build
 
   test-core-lint:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-lint
 
   test-core-spec:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-spec
 
   test-core-screenshot:
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-screenshot
         with:
           shard: ${{ matrix.shard }}
@@ -90,14 +90,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue
 
   build-vue-router:
     needs: [build-vue]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue-router
 
   test-vue-e2e:
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-vue, build-vue-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-vue-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -126,14 +126,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular
 
   build-angular-server:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular-server
 
   test-angular-e2e:
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-angular, build-angular-server]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-angular-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -162,14 +162,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react
 
   build-react-router:
     needs: [build-react]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react-router
 
   test-react-router-e2e:
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-router-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}

.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       security-events: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: github/codeql-action/init@v4
         with:
           languages: javascript

.github/workflows/dev-build.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 name: 'Ionic Dev Build'
 
 on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_call:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  id-token: write
 
 jobs:
   create-dev-hash:
@@ -9,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       dev-hash: ${{ steps.create-dev-hash.outputs.DEV_HASH }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       # A 1 is required before the timestamp
       # as lerna will fail when there is a leading 0
       # See https://github.com/lerna/lerna/issues/2840
@@ -25,13 +29,12 @@ jobs:
   release-ionic:
     needs: [create-dev-hash]
     permissions:
+      contents: read
       id-token: write
     uses: ./.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml
     with:
       tag: dev
       version: ${{ needs.create-dev-hash.outputs.dev-hash }}
-    secrets:
-      NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
 
   get-build:
     name: Get your dev build!

.github/workflows/nightly.yml

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 name: 'Ionic Nightly Build'
 
 on:
-  schedule:
-    # Run every Monday-Friday
-    # at 6:00 UTC (6:00 am UTC)
-    - cron: '00 06 * * 1-5'
+  workflow_call:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  id-token: write
 
 jobs:
   create-nightly-hash:
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       nightly-hash: ${{ steps.create-nightly-hash.outputs.NIGHTLY_HASH }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       # A 1 is required before the timestamp
       # as lerna will fail when there is a leading 0
       # See https://github.com/lerna/lerna/issues/2840
@@ -30,10 +31,10 @@ jobs:
   release-ionic:
     needs: [create-nightly-hash]
     permissions:
+      contents: read
       id-token: write
     uses: ./.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml
+    secrets: inherit
     with:
       tag: nightly
       version: ${{ needs.create-nightly-hash.outputs.nightly-hash }}
-    secrets:
-      NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml

@@ -14,23 +14,23 @@ on:
       preid:
         description: 'The prerelease identifier used when doing a prerelease.'
         type: string
-    secrets:
-      NPM_TOKEN:
-        required: true
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  id-token: write
 
 jobs:
   release-core:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/core'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
         version: ${{ inputs.version }}
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'core'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
     - name: Cache Built @ionic/core
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/upload-archive
       with:
@@ -48,34 +48,33 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - name: Restore @ionic/docs built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
         name: ionic-docs
         path: ./packages/docs
         filename: DocsBuild.zip
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/docs'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
         version: ${{ inputs.version }}
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'packages/docs'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
 
   release-angular:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/angular'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
@@ -83,7 +82,6 @@ jobs:
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'packages/angular'
         folder: './dist'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
     - name: Cache Built @ionic/angular
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/upload-archive
       with:
@@ -95,21 +93,20 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/react'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
         version: ${{ inputs.version }}
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'packages/react'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
     - name: Cache Built @ionic/react
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/upload-archive
       with:
@@ -121,21 +118,20 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/vue'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
         version: ${{ inputs.version }}
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'packages/vue'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
     - name: Cache Built @ionic/vue
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/upload-archive
       with:
@@ -147,14 +143,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
         name: ionic-core
         path: ./core
         filename: CoreBuild.zip
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/angular-server'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
@@ -162,13 +158,12 @@ jobs:
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'packages/angular-server'
         folder: './dist'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
 
   release-react-router:
     needs: [release-react]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -181,20 +176,19 @@ jobs:
         name: ionic-react
         path: ./packages/react
         filename: ReactBuild.zip
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/react-router'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
         version: ${{ inputs.version }}
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'packages/react-router'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
 
   release-vue-router:
     needs: [release-vue]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -207,11 +201,10 @@ jobs:
         name: ionic-vue
         path: ./packages/vue
         filename: VueBuild.zip
-    - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/publish-npm
+    - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/vue-router'
         tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
         version: ${{ inputs.version }}
         preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
         working-directory: 'packages/vue-router'
-        token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/release-orchestrator.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+name: 'Release - Ionic Framework'
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    # Run every Monday-Friday
+    # at 6:00 UTC (6:00 am UTC)
+    - cron: '00 06 * * 1-5'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      release-type:
+        description: 'Which Ionic release workflow should run?'
+        required: true
+        type: choice
+        default: dev
+        options:
+          - dev
+          - production
+      version:
+        description: 'Which version should be published? (Only for production releases)'
+        required: false
+        type: choice
+        options:
+          - patch
+          - minor
+          - major
+          - prepatch
+          - preminor
+          - premajor
+          - prerelease
+      tag:
+        description: 'Which npm tag should this be published to? (Only for production releases)'
+        required: false
+        type: choice
+        default: latest
+        options:
+          - latest
+          - next
+      preid:
+        description: 'Which prerelease identifier should be used? (Only for production releases)'
+        required: false
+        type: choice
+        default: ''
+        options:
+          - ''
+          - alpha
+          - beta
+          - rc
+          - next
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  id-token: write
+
+jobs:
+  run-nightly:
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      id-token: write
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/nightly.yml
+    secrets: inherit
+
+  run-dev:
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.release-type == 'dev' }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      id-token: write
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/dev-build.yml
+    secrets: inherit
+
+  run-production:
+    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.release-type == 'production' }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      id-token: write
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/release.yml
+    secrets: inherit
+    with:
+      version: ${{ inputs.version }}
+      tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
+      preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -1,54 +1,64 @@
 name: 'Ionic Production Release'
 
 on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_call:
     inputs:
       version:
+        description: 'Which version should be published?'
         required: true
-        type: choice
-        description: Which version should be published?
-        options:
-          - patch
-          - minor
-          - major
-          - prepatch
-          - preminor
-          - premajor
-          - prerelease
+        type: string
       tag:
+        description: 'Which npm tag should this be published to?'
         required: true
-        type: choice
-        description: Which npm tag should this be published to?
-        options:
-          - latest
-          - next
+        type: string
       preid:
-        type: choice
-        description: Which prerelease identifier should be used? This is only needed when version is "prepatch", "preminor", "premajor", or "prerelease".
-        options:
-          - ''
-          - alpha
-          - beta
-          - rc
-          - next
+        description: 'Which prerelease identifier should be used? This is only needed when version is "prepatch", "preminor", "premajor", or "prerelease".'
+        required: false
+        type: string
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  id-token: write
 
 jobs:
+  validate_version:
+    name: ✅ Validate Version Input
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: 🔎 Ensure version is allowed
+        env:
+          VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
+        run: |
+          case "$VERSION" in
+            patch|minor|major|prepatch|preminor|premajor|prerelease)
+              exit 0
+              ;;
+            *)
+              echo "::error::Invalid version input: '$VERSION'. Allowed values: patch, minor, major, prepatch, preminor, premajor, prerelease."
+              exit 1
+              ;;
+          esac
+        shell: bash
+
   release-ionic:
+    needs: [validate_version]
     permissions:
+      contents: read
       id-token: write
     uses: ./.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml
     with:
       tag: ${{ inputs.tag }}
       version: ${{ inputs.version }}
       preid: ${{ inputs.preid }}
-    secrets:
-      NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
 
   finalize-release:
     needs: [release-ionic]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      id-token: write
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       with:
         token: ${{ secrets.IONITRON_TOKEN }}
         fetch-depth: 0
@@ -75,8 +85,11 @@ jobs:
     # possible for them to push at the same time.
     needs: [finalize-release]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      id-token: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         # Pull the latest version of the reference
         # branch instead of the revision that triggered
         # the workflow otherwise we won't get the commit

.github/workflows/stencil-nightly.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
   build-core-with-stencil-nightly:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-core-stencil-prerelease
         with:
           stencil-version: ${{ inputs.npm_release_tag || 'nightly' }}
@@ -35,21 +35,21 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-clean-build
 
   test-core-lint:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-lint
 
   test-core-spec:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-spec
         with:
           stencil-version: ${{ inputs.npm_release_tag || 'nightly' }}
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-screenshot
         with:
           shard: ${{ matrix.shard }}
@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue
 
   build-vue-router:
     needs: [build-vue]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue-router
 
   test-vue-e2e:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-vue, build-vue-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-vue-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -136,14 +136,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular
 
   build-angular-server:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular-server
 
   test-angular-e2e:
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-angular, build-angular-server]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-angular-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -172,14 +172,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react
 
   build-react-router:
     needs: [build-react]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react-router
 
   test-react-router-e2e:
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-router-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ jobs:
   send-success-messages:
     needs: [test-core-clean-build, test-core-lint, test-core-spec, verify-screenshots, verify-test-vue-e2e, verify-test-angular-e2e, verify-test-react-router-e2e, verify-test-react-e2e]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: ${{ !cancelled() && contains(needs.*.result, 'success') }}
+    if: ${{ !cancelled() && !contains(needs.*.result, 'failure') }}
     steps:
       - name: Notify success on Discord
         run: |

.github/workflows/update-screenshots.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
   build-core:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-core
 
   test-core-screenshot:
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-screenshot
         with:
           shard: ${{ matrix.shard }}
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: [test-core-screenshot]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         # Normally, we could just push with the
         # default GITHUB_TOKEN, but that will
         # not cause the build workflow

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -3,6 +3,99 @@
 All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 See [Conventional Commits](https://conventionalcommits.org) for commit guidelines.
 
+## [8.7.17](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.15...v8.7.17) (2026-01-14)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **input:** prevent Android TalkBack from focusing label separately ([#30895](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30895)) ([ab733b7](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/ab733b71dd355d9486757f219fe09acaefeeefcc))
+* **input:** prevent placeholder from overlapping start slot during scroll assist ([#30896](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30896)) ([3b3318d](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/3b3318da513b199128f3822bd8226797cd118b0f))
+* **tab-bar:** prevent keyboard controller memory leak on rapid mount/unmount ([#30906](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30906)) ([f99d000](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/f99d0007a8ffc9c7d3d2636e912c37c12112b21d))
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.16](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.15...v8.7.16) (2025-12-31)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **modal:** prevent card modal animation on viewport resize when modal is closed ([#30894](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30894)) ([e5634d4](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/e5634d45ee5fd32715f6e6b75e0448f74ee1f8f2)), closes [#30679](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30679)
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.15](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.14...v8.7.15) (2025-12-23)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **core:** use Capacitor safe-area CSS variables on older WebViews ([#30865](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30865)) ([8573bf8](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/8573bf8083f75eda13c954a56731a6aac8ca5724))
+* **header:** show iOS condense header when app is in MD mode ([#30690](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30690)) ([f83b000](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/f83b0005309400d674e43c497bdffbcb9d2c4d94)), closes [#29929](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/29929)
+* **input-password-toggle:** improve screen reader announcements ([#30885](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30885)) ([12ede4b](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/12ede4b79c8d5cffc2b014c7c8a0d2ef1d3bf90d))
+* **modal:** dismiss top-most overlay when multiple IDs match ([#30883](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30883)) ([3b60a1d](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/3b60a1d68a1df1606ffee0bde7db7a206bac404a)), closes [#30030](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30030)
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.14](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.13...v8.7.14) (2025-12-17)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **tabs:** select correct tab when routes have similar prefixes ([#30863](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30863)) ([03fb422](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/03fb422bfa775e3e9dd695ea1857fa88d4245ecd)), closes [#30448](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30448)
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.13](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.12...v8.7.13) (2025-12-13)
+
+**Note:** Version bump only for package ionic-framework
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.12](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.11...v8.7.12) (2025-12-10)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **modal:** allow interaction with parent content through sheet modals in child routes ([#30839](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30839)) ([b9e3cf0](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/b9e3cf0f5aae79a1f27a07b102c77e51f24825f4)), closes [#30700](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30700)
+* **modal:** prevent browser hang when using ModalController in Angular ([#30845](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30845)) ([b164516](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/b1645168a7fb9378dc39a081c207b2de0e180089))
+* **popover:** recalculate the content dimensions after the header has fully loaded ([#30853](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30853)) ([99dcf38](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/99dcf3810a0c32416996d1e992ddf63359965cfc))
+* **select, action-sheet:** use radio role for options ([#30769](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30769)) ([1c89cf0](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/1c89cf06ac959f9c9a35a66f811227c244d3198b))
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.11](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.10...v8.7.11) (2025-11-26)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **datetime:** ensure datetime is shown when intersection observer fails to report visibility ([#30793](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30793)) ([9d781db](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/9d781db662d213090d0b7198d0cdc5abb16fed1b)), closes [#30706](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30706)
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.10](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.9...v8.7.10) (2025-11-19)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **checkbox, toggle, radio-group:** improve screen reader announcement timing for validation errors ([#30714](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30714)) ([92db364](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/92db36489cca944caf1593dbd518a1f025a171a2))
+
+
+
+
+
 ## [8.7.9](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.8...v8.7.9) (2025-11-05)
 
 

core/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -3,6 +3,96 @@
 All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 See [Conventional Commits](https://conventionalcommits.org) for commit guidelines.
 
+## [8.7.17](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.15...v8.7.17) (2026-01-14)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **input:** prevent Android TalkBack from focusing label separately ([#30895](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30895)) ([ab733b7](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/ab733b71dd355d9486757f219fe09acaefeeefcc))
+* **input:** prevent placeholder from overlapping start slot during scroll assist ([#30896](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30896)) ([3b3318d](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/3b3318da513b199128f3822bd8226797cd118b0f))
+* **tab-bar:** prevent keyboard controller memory leak on rapid mount/unmount ([#30906](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30906)) ([f99d000](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/f99d0007a8ffc9c7d3d2636e912c37c12112b21d))
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.16](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.15...v8.7.16) (2025-12-31)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **modal:** prevent card modal animation on viewport resize when modal is closed ([#30894](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30894)) ([e5634d4](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/e5634d45ee5fd32715f6e6b75e0448f74ee1f8f2)), closes [#30679](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30679)
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.15](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.14...v8.7.15) (2025-12-23)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **core:** use Capacitor safe-area CSS variables on older WebViews ([#30865](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30865)) ([8573bf8](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/8573bf8083f75eda13c954a56731a6aac8ca5724))
+* **header:** show iOS condense header when app is in MD mode ([#30690](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30690)) ([f83b000](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/f83b0005309400d674e43c497bdffbcb9d2c4d94)), closes [#29929](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/29929)
+* **input-password-toggle:** improve screen reader announcements ([#30885](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30885)) ([12ede4b](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/12ede4b79c8d5cffc2b014c7c8a0d2ef1d3bf90d))
+* **modal:** dismiss top-most overlay when multiple IDs match ([#30883](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30883)) ([3b60a1d](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/3b60a1d68a1df1606ffee0bde7db7a206bac404a)), closes [#30030](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30030)
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.14](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.13...v8.7.14) (2025-12-17)
+
+**Note:** Version bump only for package @ionic/core
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.13](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.12...v8.7.13) (2025-12-13)
+
+**Note:** Version bump only for package @ionic/core
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.12](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.11...v8.7.12) (2025-12-10)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **modal:** allow interaction with parent content through sheet modals in child routes ([#30839](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30839)) ([b9e3cf0](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/b9e3cf0f5aae79a1f27a07b102c77e51f24825f4)), closes [#30700](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30700)
+* **modal:** prevent browser hang when using ModalController in Angular ([#30845](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30845)) ([b164516](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/b1645168a7fb9378dc39a081c207b2de0e180089))
+* **popover:** recalculate the content dimensions after the header has fully loaded ([#30853](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30853)) ([99dcf38](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/99dcf3810a0c32416996d1e992ddf63359965cfc))
+* **select, action-sheet:** use radio role for options ([#30769](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30769)) ([1c89cf0](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/1c89cf06ac959f9c9a35a66f811227c244d3198b))
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.11](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.10...v8.7.11) (2025-11-26)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **datetime:** ensure datetime is shown when intersection observer fails to report visibility ([#30793](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30793)) ([9d781db](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/9d781db662d213090d0b7198d0cdc5abb16fed1b)), closes [#30706](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30706)
+
+
+
+
+
+## [8.7.10](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.9...v8.7.10) (2025-11-19)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* **checkbox, toggle, radio-group:** improve screen reader announcement timing for validation errors ([#30714](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30714)) ([92db364](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/commit/92db36489cca944caf1593dbd518a1f025a171a2))
+
+
+
+
+
 ## [8.7.9](https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/compare/v8.7.8...v8.7.9) (2025-11-05)
 
 

core/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 {
   "name": "@ionic/core",
-  "version": "8.7.9",
+  "version": "8.7.17",
   "description": "Base components for Ionic",
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">= 16"
+  },
   "keywords": [
     "ionic",
     "framework",
@@ -37,11 +40,10 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@axe-core/playwright": "^4.11.0",
-    "@capacitor/core": "^7.0.0",
-    "@capacitor/haptics": "^7.0.0",
-    "@capacitor/keyboard": "^7.0.0",
-    "@capacitor/status-bar": "^7.0.0",
-    "@clack/prompts": "^0.11.0",
+    "@capacitor/core": "^8.0.0",
+    "@capacitor/haptics": "^8.0.0",
+    "@capacitor/keyboard": "^8.0.0",
+    "@capacitor/status-bar": "^8.0.0",
     "@ionic/eslint-config": "^0.3.0",
     "@ionic/prettier-config": "^2.0.0",
     "@playwright/test": "^1.56.1",
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@
     "@stencil/sass": "^3.0.9",
     "@stencil/vue-output-target": "0.10.8",
     "@types/jest": "^29.5.6",
-    "@types/node": "^14.6.0",
+    "@types/node": "^16.18.126",
     "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^6.7.2",
     "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^6.7.2",
     "chalk": "^5.3.0",
@@ -65,6 +67,7 @@
     "fs-extra": "^9.0.1",
     "jest": "^29.7.0",
     "jest-cli": "^29.7.0",
+    "playwright-core": "^1.56.1",
     "prettier": "^2.6.1",
     "rollup": "^2.26.4",
     "sass": "^1.33.0",
@@ -100,8 +103,7 @@
     "docker.build": "docker build -t ionic-playwright .",
     "test.e2e.docker": "npm run docker.build && node ./scripts/docker.mjs",
     "test.e2e.docker.update-snapshots": "npm run test.e2e.docker -- --update-snapshots='changed'",
-    "test.e2e.docker.ci": "npm run docker.build && CI=true node ./scripts/docker.mjs",
-    "test.e2e.script": "node scripts/testing/e2e-script.mjs"
+    "test.e2e.docker.ci": "npm run docker.build && CI=true node ./scripts/docker.mjs"
   },
   "author": "Ionic Team",
   "license": "MIT",

core/scripts/testing/e2e-script.mjs

@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-// The purpose of this script is to provide a way run the E2E tests
-// without having the developer to manually run multiple commands based
-// on the desired end result.
-// E.g. update the local ground truths for a specific component or
-// open the Playwright report after running the E2E tests.
-
-import {
-  intro,
-  outro,
-  confirm,
-  spinner,
-  isCancel,
-  cancel,
-  text,
-  log,
-} from '@clack/prompts';
-import { exec, spawn } from 'child_process';
-import fs from 'node:fs';
-import { setTimeout as sleep } from 'node:timers/promises';
-import util from 'node:util';
-import color from 'picocolors';
-
-async function main() {
-  const execAsync = util.promisify(exec);
-  const cleanUpFiles = async () => {
-    // Clean up the local ground truths.
-    const cleanUp = spinner();
-  
-    // Inform the user that the local ground truths are being cleaned up.
-    cleanUp.start('Restoring local ground truths');
-  
-    // Reset the local ground truths.
-    await execAsync('git reset -- src/**/*-linux.png').catch((error) => {
-      cleanUp.stop('Failed to reset local ground truths');
-      console.error(error);
-      return process.exit(0);
-    });
-  
-    // Restore the local ground truths.
-    await execAsync('git restore -- src/**/*-linux.png').catch((error) => {
-      cleanUp.stop('Failed to restore local ground truths');
-      console.error(error);
-      return process.exit(0);
-    });
-  
-    // Inform the user that the local ground truths have been cleaned up.
-    cleanUp.stop('Local ground truths have been restored to their original state in order to avoid committing them.');
-  };
-
-  intro(color.inverse(' Update Local Ground Truths'));
-
-  // Ask user for the component name they want to test.
-  const componentValue = await text({
-    message: 'Enter the component or path you want to test (e.g. chip, src/components/chip)',
-    placeholder: 'Empty for all components',
-  });
-
-  // User cancelled the operation with `Ctrl+C` or `CMD+C`.
-  if (isCancel(componentValue)) {
-    cancel('Operation cancelled');
-    return process.exit(0);
-  }
-
-  // Ask user if they want to update their local ground truths.
-  const shouldUpdateTruths = await confirm({
-    message: 'Do you want to update your local ground truths?',
-  });
-
-  // User cancelled the operation with `Ctrl+C` or `CMD+C`.
-  if (isCancel(shouldUpdateTruths)) {
-    cancel('Operation cancelled');
-    return process.exit(0);
-  }
-
-  if (shouldUpdateTruths) {
-    const defaultBaseBranch = 'main';
-
-    // Ask user for the base branch.
-    let baseBranch = await text({
-      message: 'Enter the base branch name:',
-      placeholder: `default: ${defaultBaseBranch}`,
-    })
-
-    // User cancelled the operation with `Ctrl+C` or `CMD+C`.
-    if (isCancel(baseBranch)) {
-      cancel('Operation cancelled');
-      return process.exit(0);
-    }
-
-    // User didn't provide a base branch.
-    if (!baseBranch) {
-      baseBranch = defaultBaseBranch;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The provided base branch needs to be fetched.
-     * This ensures that the local base branch is up-to-date with the 
-     * remote base branch. Otherwise, there might be errors stating that
-     * certain files don't exist in the local base branch.
-     */
-    const fetchBaseBranch = spinner();
-
-    // Inform the user that the base branch is being fetched.
-    fetchBaseBranch.start(`Fetching "${baseBranch}" to have the latest changes`);
-
-    // Fetch the base branch.
-    await execAsync(`git fetch origin ${baseBranch}`).catch((error) => {
-      fetchBaseBranch.stop(`Failed to fetch "${baseBranch}"`);
-      console.error(error);
-      return process.exit(0);
-    });
-
-    // Inform the user that the base branch has been fetched.
-    fetchBaseBranch.stop(`Fetched "${baseBranch}"`);
-
-
-    const updateGroundTruth = spinner();
-
-    // Inform the user that the local ground truths are being updated.
-    updateGroundTruth.start('Updating local ground truths');
-
-    // Check if user provided an existing file or directory.
-    const isValidLocation = fs.existsSync(componentValue);
-
-    // User provided an existing file or directory.
-    if (isValidLocation) {
-      const stats = fs.statSync(componentValue);
-
-      // User provided a file as the component.
-      // ex: `componentValue` = `src/components/chip/test/basic/chip.e2e.ts`
-      if (stats.isFile()) {
-        // Update the local ground truths for the provided path.
-        await execAsync(`git checkout origin/${baseBranch} -- ${componentValue}-snapshots/*-linux.png`).catch((error) => {
-          updateGroundTruth.stop('Failed to update local ground truths');
-          console.error(error);
-          return process.exit(0);
-        });
-      }
-
-      // User provided a directory as the component.
-      // ex: `componentValue` = `src/components/chip`
-      if (stats.isDirectory()) {
-        // Update the local ground truths for the provided directory.
-        await execAsync(`git checkout origin/${baseBranch} -- ${componentValue}/test/*/*.e2e.ts-snapshots/*-linux.png`).catch((error) => {
-          updateGroundTruth.stop('Failed to update local ground truths');
-          console.error(error);
-          return process.exit(0);
-        });
-      }
-    }
-    // User provided a component name as the component.
-    // ex: `componentValue` = `chip`
-    else if (componentValue) {
-      // Update the local ground truths for the provided component.
-      await execAsync(`git checkout origin/${baseBranch} -- src/components/${componentValue}/test/*/${componentValue}.e2e.ts-snapshots/*-linux.png`).catch((error) => {
-        updateGroundTruth.stop('Failed to update local ground truths');
-        console.error(error);
-        return process.exit(0);
-      });
-    }
-    // User provided an empty string.
-    else {
-      // Update the local ground truths for all components.
-      await execAsync(`git checkout origin/${baseBranch} -- src/components/*/test/*/*.e2e.ts-snapshots/*-linux.png`).catch((error) => {
-        updateGroundTruth.stop('Failed to update local ground truths');
-        console.error(error);
-        return process.exit(0);
-      });
-    }
-
-    // Inform the user that the local ground truths have been updated.
-    updateGroundTruth.stop('Updated local ground truths');
-  }
-
-  const buildCore = spinner();
-
-  // Inform the user that the core is being built.
-  buildCore.start('Building core');
-
-  /**
-   * Build core
-   * Otherwise, the uncommitted changes will not be reflected in the tests because:
-   * - popping the stash doesn't trigger a re-render even if `npm start` is running
-   * - app is not running the `npm start` command
-   */
-  await execAsync('npm run build').catch((error) => {
-    // Clean up the local ground truths.
-    cleanUpFiles();
-
-    buildCore.stop('Failed to build core');
-    console.error(error);
-    return process.exit(0);
-  });
-
-  buildCore.stop('Built core');
-
-  const runE2ETests = spinner();
-
-  // Inform the user that the E2E tests are being run.
-  runE2ETests.start('Running E2E tests');
-
-  // User provided a component value.
-  if (componentValue) {
-    await execAsync(`npm run test.e2e.docker.ci ${componentValue}`).catch((error) => {
-      // Clean up the local ground truths.
-      cleanUpFiles();
-
-      runE2ETests.stop('Failed to run E2E tests');
-      console.error(error);
-      return process.exit(0);
-    });
-  } else {
-    await execAsync('npm run test.e2e.docker.ci').catch((error) => {
-      // Clean up the local ground truths.
-      cleanUpFiles();
-
-      runE2ETests.stop('Failed to run E2E tests');
-      console.error(error);
-      return process.exit(0);
-    });
-  }
-
-  runE2ETests.stop('Ran E2E tests');
-
-  // Clean up the local ground truths.
-  await cleanUpFiles();
-
-  // Ask user if they want to open the Playwright report.
-  const shouldOpenReport = await confirm({
-    message: 'Do you want to open the Playwright report?',
-  });
-
-  // User cancelled the operation with `Ctrl+C` or `CMD+C`.
-  if (isCancel(shouldOpenReport)) {
-    cancel('Operation cancelled');
-    return process.exit(0);
-  }
-
-  // User chose to open the Playwright report.
-  if (shouldOpenReport) {
-    // Use spawn to display the server information and the key to quit the server.
-    spawn('npx', ['playwright', 'show-report'], {
-      stdio: 'inherit',
-    });
-  } else {
-    // Inform the user that the Playwright report can be opened by running the following command.
-    log.info('If you change your mind, you can open the Playwright report by running the following command:');
-    log.info(color.bold('npx playwright show-report'));
-  }
-
-  if (shouldOpenReport) {
-    outro("You're all set! Don't forget to quit serving the Playwright report when you're done.");
-  } else {
-    outro("You're all set!");
-  }
-
-  await sleep(1000);
-}
-
-main().catch(console.error);

core/scripts/testing/scripts.js

@@ -1,30 +1,81 @@
+/**
+ * This script is loaded in testing environments to set up the
+ * document based on URL parameters.
+ * 
+ * Test pages (e.g., `chip/test/basic/index.html`) are set to use
+ * URL query parameters.
+ * 
+ * Playwright test environments (e.g., `chip/test/basic/chip.e2e.ts`)
+ * are set based on whether `setContent` or `goto` has been used:
+ * - `setContent` uses URL hash parameters. Tests will break if
+ * query parameters are used.
+ * - `goto` uses URL query parameters.
+ * 
+ * The following URL parameters are supported:
+ * - `rtl`: Set to `true` to enable right-to-left directionality.
+ * - `ionic:_testing`: Set to `true` to identify testing environments.
+ * - `ionic:mode`: Set to `ios` or `md` to load a specific mode.
+ * Defaults to `md`.
+ * - `palette`: Set to `light`, `dark`, `high-contrast`, or 
+ * `high-contrast-dark` to load a specific palette. Defaults to `light`.
+ */
 
 (function() {
 
-  if (window.location.search.indexOf('rtl=true') > -1) {
+  /**
+   * The `rtl` param is used to set the directionality of the 
+   * document. This can be `true` or `false`.
+   */
+  const isRTL = window.location.search.indexOf('rtl=true') > -1 || window.location.hash.indexOf('rtl=true') > -1;
+
+  if (isRTL) {
     document.documentElement.setAttribute('dir', 'rtl');
   }
 
-  if (window.location.search.indexOf('ionic:_testing=true') > -1) {
+  /**
+   * The `ionic:_testing` param is used to identify testing
+   * environments.
+   */
+  const isTestEnv = window.location.search.indexOf('ionic:_testing=true') > -1 || window.location.hash.indexOf('ionic:_testing=true') > -1;
+
+  if (isTestEnv) {
     const style = document.createElement('style');
     style.innerHTML = `
-* {
-  caret-color: transparent !important;
-}`;
+      * {
+        caret-color: transparent !important;
+      }
+    `;
     document.head.appendChild(style);
   }
 
   /**
-   * The term `palette` is used to as a param to match the
-   * Ionic docs, plus here is already a `ionic:theme` query being
-   * used for `md`, `ios`, and `ionic` themes.
+   * The `palette` param is used to load a specific palette
+   * for the theme.
+   * The dark class will load the dark palette automatically
+   * if no palette is specified through the URL.
+   * 
+   * Values can be `light`, `dark`, `high-contrast`,
+   * or `high-contrast-dark`. Default to `light` for tests.
    */
-  const palette = window.location.search.match(/palette=([a-z]+)/);
-  if (palette && palette[1] !== 'light') {
+  const validPalettes = ['light', 'dark', 'high-contrast', 'high-contrast-dark'];
+  const paletteQuery = window.location.search.match(/palette=([a-z-]+)/);
+  const paletteHash = window.location.hash.match(/palette=([a-z-]+)/);
+  const darkClass = document.body?.classList.contains('ion-palette-dark') ? 'dark' : null;
+  const highContrastClass = document.body?.classList.contains('ion-palette-high-contrast') ? 'high-contrast' : null;
+  const highContrastDarkClass = darkClass && highContrastClass ? 'high-contrast-dark' : null;
+
+  let paletteName = paletteQuery?.[1] || paletteHash?.[1] || highContrastDarkClass || darkClass || highContrastClass || 'light';
+
+  if (!validPalettes.includes(paletteName)) {
+    console.warn(`Invalid palette name: '${paletteName}'. Falling back to 'light' palette.`);
+    paletteName = 'light';
+  }
+
+  if (paletteName !== 'light') {
     const linkTag = document.createElement('link');
     linkTag.setAttribute('rel', 'stylesheet');
     linkTag.setAttribute('type', 'text/css');
-    linkTag.setAttribute('href', `/css/palettes/${palette[1]}.always.css`);
+    linkTag.setAttribute('href', `/css/palettes/${paletteName}.always.css`);
     document.head.appendChild(linkTag);
   }
 

core/src/components.d.ts

@@ -868,6 +868,10 @@ export namespace Components {
           * Get the element where the actual scrolling takes place. This element can be used to subscribe to `scroll` events or manually modify `scrollTop`. However, it's recommended to use the API provided by `ion-content`:  i.e. Using `ionScroll`, `ionScrollStart`, `ionScrollEnd` for scrolling events and `scrollToPoint()` to scroll the content into a certain point.
          */
         "getScrollElement": () => Promise<HTMLElement>;
+        /**
+          * Recalculate content dimensions. Called by overlays (e.g., popover) when sibling elements like headers or footers have finished rendering and their heights are available, ensuring accurate offset-top calculations.
+         */
+        "recalculateDimensions": () => Promise<void>;
         /**
           * Scroll by a specified X/Y distance in the component.
           * @param x The amount to scroll by on the horizontal axis.

core/src/components/action-sheet/action-sheet.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { ComponentInterface, EventEmitter } from '@stencil/core';
-import { Watch, Component, Element, Event, Host, Method, Prop, h, readTask } from '@stencil/core';
+import { Watch, Component, Element, Event, Host, Listen, Method, Prop, State, h, readTask } from '@stencil/core';
 import type { Gesture } from '@utils/gesture';
 import { createButtonActiveGesture } from '@utils/gesture/button-active';
 import { raf } from '@utils/helpers';
@@ -46,11 +46,18 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
   private wrapperEl?: HTMLElement;
   private groupEl?: HTMLElement;
   private gesture?: Gesture;
+  private hasRadioButtons = false;
 
   presented = false;
   lastFocus?: HTMLElement;
   animation?: any;
 
+  /**
+   * The ID of the currently active/selected radio button.
+   * Used for keyboard navigation and ARIA attributes.
+   */
+  @State() activeRadioId?: string;
+
   @Element() el!: HTMLIonActionSheetElement;
 
   /** @internal */
@@ -81,6 +88,22 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
    * An array of buttons for the action sheet.
    */
   @Prop() buttons: (ActionSheetButton | string)[] = [];
+  @Watch('buttons')
+  buttonsChanged() {
+    const radioButtons = this.getRadioButtons();
+    this.hasRadioButtons = radioButtons.length > 0;
+
+    // Initialize activeRadioId when buttons change
+    if (this.hasRadioButtons) {
+      const checkedButton = radioButtons.find((b) => b.htmlAttributes?.['aria-checked'] === 'true');
+
+      if (checkedButton) {
+        const allButtons = this.getButtons();
+        const checkedIndex = allButtons.indexOf(checkedButton);
+        this.activeRadioId = this.getButtonId(checkedButton, checkedIndex);
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
   /**
    * Additional classes to apply for custom CSS. If multiple classes are
@@ -277,12 +300,53 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
     return true;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Get all buttons regardless of role.
+   */
   private getButtons(): ActionSheetButton[] {
     return this.buttons.map((b) => {
       return typeof b === 'string' ? { text: b } : b;
     });
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Get all radio buttons (buttons with role="radio").
+   */
+  private getRadioButtons(): ActionSheetButton[] {
+    return this.getButtons().filter((b) => {
+      const role = b.htmlAttributes?.role;
+      return role === 'radio' && !isCancel(role);
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Handle radio button selection and update aria-checked state.
+   *
+   * @param button The radio button that was selected.
+   */
+  private selectRadioButton(button: ActionSheetButton) {
+    const buttonId = this.getButtonId(button);
+
+    // Set the active radio ID (this will trigger a re-render and update aria-checked)
+    this.activeRadioId = buttonId;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get or generate an ID for a button.
+   *
+   * @param button The button for which to get the ID.
+   * @param index Optional index of the button in the buttons array.
+   * @returns The ID of the button.
+   */
+  private getButtonId(button: ActionSheetButton, index?: number): string {
+    if (button.id) {
+      return button.id;
+    }
+    const allButtons = this.getButtons();
+    const buttonIndex = index !== undefined ? index : allButtons.indexOf(button);
+    return `action-sheet-button-${this.overlayIndex}-${buttonIndex}`;
+  }
+
   private onBackdropTap = () => {
     this.dismiss(undefined, BACKDROP);
   };
@@ -295,6 +359,96 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
     }
   };
 
+  /**
+   * When the action sheet has radio buttons, we want to follow the
+   * keyboard navigation pattern for radio groups:
+   * - Arrow Down/Right: Move to the next radio button (wrap to first if at end)
+   * - Arrow Up/Left: Move to the previous radio button (wrap to last if at start)
+   * - Space/Enter: Select the focused radio button and trigger its handler
+   */
+  @Listen('keydown')
+  onKeydown(ev: KeyboardEvent) {
+    // Only handle keyboard navigation if we have radio buttons
+    if (!this.hasRadioButtons || !this.presented) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const target = ev.target as HTMLElement;
+
+    // Ignore if the target element is not within the action sheet or not a radio button
+    if (
+      !this.el.contains(target) ||
+      !target.classList.contains('action-sheet-button') ||
+      target.getAttribute('role') !== 'radio'
+    ) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Get all radio button elements and filter out disabled ones
+    const radios = Array.from(this.el.querySelectorAll('.action-sheet-button[role="radio"]')).filter(
+      (el) => !(el as HTMLButtonElement).disabled
+    ) as HTMLButtonElement[];
+    const currentIndex = radios.findIndex((radio) => radio.id === target.id);
+
+    if (currentIndex === -1) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const allButtons = this.getButtons();
+    const radioButtons = this.getRadioButtons();
+    /**
+     * Build a map of button element IDs to their ActionSheetButton
+     * config objects.
+     * This allows us to quickly look up which button config corresponds
+     * to a DOM element when handling keyboard navigation
+     * (e.g., whenuser presses Space/Enter or arrow keys).
+     * The key is the ID that was set on the DOM element during render,
+     * and the value is the ActionSheetButton config that contains the
+     * handler and other properties.
+     */
+    const buttonIdMap = new Map<string, ActionSheetButton>();
+
+    radioButtons.forEach((b) => {
+      const allIndex = allButtons.indexOf(b);
+      const buttonId = this.getButtonId(b, allIndex);
+      buttonIdMap.set(buttonId, b);
+    });
+
+    let nextEl: HTMLButtonElement | undefined;
+
+    if (['ArrowDown', 'ArrowRight'].includes(ev.key)) {
+      ev.preventDefault();
+      ev.stopPropagation();
+
+      nextEl = currentIndex === radios.length - 1 ? radios[0] : radios[currentIndex + 1];
+    } else if (['ArrowUp', 'ArrowLeft'].includes(ev.key)) {
+      ev.preventDefault();
+      ev.stopPropagation();
+
+      nextEl = currentIndex === 0 ? radios[radios.length - 1] : radios[currentIndex - 1];
+    } else if (ev.key === ' ' || ev.key === 'Enter') {
+      ev.preventDefault();
+      ev.stopPropagation();
+
+      const button = buttonIdMap.get(target.id);
+      if (button) {
+        this.selectRadioButton(button);
+        this.buttonClick(button);
+      }
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Focus the next radio button
+    if (nextEl) {
+      const button = buttonIdMap.get(nextEl.id);
+      if (button) {
+        this.selectRadioButton(button);
+        nextEl.focus();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   connectedCallback() {
     prepareOverlay(this.el);
     this.triggerChanged();
@@ -312,6 +466,8 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
     if (!this.htmlAttributes?.id) {
       setOverlayId(this.el);
     }
+    // Initialize activeRadioId for radio buttons
+    this.buttonsChanged();
   }
 
   componentDidLoad() {
@@ -355,8 +511,82 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
     this.triggerChanged();
   }
 
+  private renderActionSheetButtons(filteredButtons: ActionSheetButton[]) {
+    const mode = getIonMode(this);
+    const { activeRadioId } = this;
+
+    return filteredButtons.map((b, index) => {
+      const isRadio = b.htmlAttributes?.role === 'radio';
+      const buttonId = this.getButtonId(b, index);
+      const radioButtons = this.getRadioButtons();
+      const isActiveRadio = isRadio && buttonId === activeRadioId;
+      const isFirstRadio = isRadio && b === radioButtons[0];
+
+      // For radio buttons, set tabindex: 0 for the active one, -1 for others
+      // For non-radio buttons, use default tabindex (undefined, which means 0)
+
+      /**
+       * For radio buttons, set tabindex based on activeRadioId
+       * - If the button is the active radio, tabindex is 0
+       * - If no radio is active, the first radio button should have tabindex 0
+       * - All other radio buttons have tabindex -1
+       * For non-radio buttons, use default tabindex (undefined, which means 0)
+       */
+      let tabIndex: number | undefined;
+
+      if (isRadio) {
+        // Focus on the active radio button
+        if (isActiveRadio) {
+          tabIndex = 0;
+        } else if (!activeRadioId && isFirstRadio) {
+          // No active radio, first radio gets focus
+          tabIndex = 0;
+        } else {
+          // All other radios are not focusable
+          tabIndex = -1;
+        }
+      } else {
+        tabIndex = undefined;
+      }
+
+      // For radio buttons, set aria-checked based on activeRadioId
+      // Otherwise, use the value from htmlAttributes if provided
+      const htmlAttrs = { ...b.htmlAttributes };
+      if (isRadio) {
+        htmlAttrs['aria-checked'] = isActiveRadio ? 'true' : 'false';
+      }
+
+      return (
+        <button
+          {...htmlAttrs}
+          role={isRadio ? 'radio' : undefined}
+          type="button"
+          id={buttonId}
+          class={{
+            ...buttonClass(b),
+            'action-sheet-selected': isActiveRadio,
+          }}
+          onClick={() => {
+            if (isRadio) {
+              this.selectRadioButton(b);
+            }
+            this.buttonClick(b);
+          }}
+          disabled={b.disabled}
+          tabIndex={tabIndex}
+        >
+          <span class="action-sheet-button-inner">
+            {b.icon && <ion-icon icon={b.icon} aria-hidden="true" lazy={false} class="action-sheet-icon" />}
+            {b.text}
+          </span>
+          {mode === 'md' && <ion-ripple-effect></ion-ripple-effect>}
+        </button>
+      );
+    });
+  }
+
   render() {
-    const { header, htmlAttributes, overlayIndex } = this;
+    const { header, htmlAttributes, overlayIndex, hasRadioButtons } = this;
     const mode = getIonMode(this);
     const allButtons = this.getButtons();
     const cancelButton = allButtons.find((b) => b.role === 'cancel');
@@ -388,7 +618,11 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
 
         <div class="action-sheet-wrapper ion-overlay-wrapper" ref={(el) => (this.wrapperEl = el)}>
           <div class="action-sheet-container">
-            <div class="action-sheet-group" ref={(el) => (this.groupEl = el)}>
+            <div
+              class="action-sheet-group"
+              ref={(el) => (this.groupEl = el)}
+              role={hasRadioButtons ? 'radiogroup' : undefined}
+            >
               {header !== undefined && (
                 <div
                   id={headerID}
@@ -401,22 +635,7 @@ export class ActionSheet implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
                   {this.subHeader && <div class="action-sheet-sub-title">{this.subHeader}</div>}
                 </div>
               )}
-              {buttons.map((b) => (
-                <button
-                  {...b.htmlAttributes}
-                  type="button"
-                  id={b.id}
-                  class={buttonClass(b)}
-                  onClick={() => this.buttonClick(b)}
-                  disabled={b.disabled}
-                >
-                  <span class="action-sheet-button-inner">
-                    {b.icon && <ion-icon icon={b.icon} aria-hidden="true" lazy={false} class="action-sheet-icon" />}
-                    {b.text}
-                  </span>
-                  {mode === 'md' && <ion-ripple-effect></ion-ripple-effect>}
-                </button>
-              ))}
+              {this.renderActionSheetButtons(buttons)}
             </div>
 
             {cancelButton && (

core/src/components/action-sheet/test/a11y/action-sheet.e2e.ts

@@ -134,3 +134,58 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, screenshot, config }) => {
     });
   });
 });
+
+/**
+ * This behavior does not vary across modes/directions.
+ */
+configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('action-sheet: radio buttons'), () => {
+    test('should render action sheet with radio buttons correctly', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.goto(`/src/components/action-sheet/test/a11y`, config);
+
+      const ionActionSheetDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionActionSheetDidPresent');
+      const button = page.locator('#radioButtons');
+
+      await button.click();
+      await ionActionSheetDidPresent.next();
+
+      const actionSheet = page.locator('ion-action-sheet');
+
+      const radioButtons = actionSheet.locator('.action-sheet-button[role="radio"]');
+      await expect(radioButtons).toHaveCount(2);
+    });
+
+    test('should navigate radio buttons with keyboard', async ({ page, pageUtils }) => {
+      await page.goto(`/src/components/action-sheet/test/a11y`, config);
+
+      const ionActionSheetDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionActionSheetDidPresent');
+      const button = page.locator('#radioButtons');
+
+      await button.click();
+      await ionActionSheetDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Focus on the radios
+      await pageUtils.pressKeys('Tab');
+
+      // Verify the first focusable radio button is focused
+      let focusedElement = await page.evaluate(() => document.activeElement?.textContent?.trim());
+      expect(focusedElement).toBe('Option 2');
+
+      // Navigate to the next radio button
+      await page.keyboard.press('ArrowDown');
+
+      // Verify the first radio button is focused again (wrap around)
+      focusedElement = await page.evaluate(() => document.activeElement?.textContent?.trim());
+      expect(focusedElement).toBe('Option 1');
+
+      // Navigate to the next radio button
+      await page.keyboard.press('ArrowDown');
+
+      // Navigate to the cancel button
+      await pageUtils.pressKeys('Tab');
+
+      focusedElement = await page.evaluate(() => document.activeElement?.textContent?.trim());
+      expect(focusedElement).toBe('Cancel');
+    });
+  });
+});

core/src/components/action-sheet/test/a11y/index.html

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
       <button class="expand" id="ariaLabelCancelButton" onclick="presentAriaLabelCancelButton()">
         Aria Label Cancel Button
       </button>
+      <button class="expand" id="radioButtons" onclick="presentRadioButtons()">Radio Buttons</button>
     </main>
 
     <script>
@@ -100,6 +101,32 @@
           ],
         });
       }
+
+      function presentRadioButtons() {
+        openActionSheet({
+          header: 'Select an option',
+          buttons: [
+            {
+              text: 'Option 1',
+              htmlAttributes: {
+                role: 'radio',
+                'aria-checked': 'false',
+              },
+            },
+            {
+              text: 'Option 2',
+              htmlAttributes: {
+                role: 'radio',
+                'aria-checked': 'true',
+              },
+            },
+            {
+              text: 'Cancel',
+              role: 'cancel',
+            },
+          ],
+        });
+      }
     </script>
   </body>
 </html>

core/src/components/app/test/safe-area/app.e2e.ts

@@ -18,20 +18,66 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ config, title, screenshot }) => {
 
       await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot(screenshot(`app-${screenshotModifier}-diff`));
     };
+
     test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
       await page.goto(`/src/components/app/test/safe-area`, config);
     });
-    test('should not have visual regressions with action sheet', async ({ page }) => {
-      await testOverlay(page, '#show-action-sheet', 'ionActionSheetDidPresent', 'action-sheet');
+
+    test.describe(title('Ionic safe area variables'), () => {
+      test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+        const htmlTag = page.locator('html');
+        const hasSafeAreaClass = await htmlTag.evaluate((el) => el.classList.contains('safe-area'));
+
+        expect(hasSafeAreaClass).toBe(true);
+      });
+
+      test('should not have visual regressions with action sheet', async ({ page }) => {
+        await testOverlay(page, '#show-action-sheet', 'ionActionSheetDidPresent', 'action-sheet');
+      });
+      test('should not have visual regressions with menu', async ({ page }) => {
+        await testOverlay(page, '#show-menu', 'ionDidOpen', 'menu');
+      });
+      test('should not have visual regressions with picker', async ({ page }) => {
+        await testOverlay(page, '#show-picker', 'ionPickerDidPresent', 'picker');
+      });
+      test('should not have visual regressions with toast', async ({ page }) => {
+        await testOverlay(page, '#show-toast', 'ionToastDidPresent', 'toast');
+      });
     });
-    test('should not have visual regressions with menu', async ({ page }) => {
-      await testOverlay(page, '#show-menu', 'ionDidOpen', 'menu');
-    });
-    test('should not have visual regressions with picker', async ({ page }) => {
-      await testOverlay(page, '#show-picker', 'ionPickerDidPresent', 'picker');
-    });
-    test('should not have visual regressions with toast', async ({ page }) => {
-      await testOverlay(page, '#show-toast', 'ionToastDidPresent', 'toast');
+
+    test.describe(title('Capacitor safe area variables'), () => {
+      test('should use safe-area-inset vars when safe-area class is not defined', async ({ page }) => {
+        await page.evaluate(() => {
+          const html = document.documentElement;
+
+          // Remove the safe area class
+          html.classList.remove('safe-area');
+
+          // Set the safe area inset variables
+          html.style.setProperty('--safe-area-inset-top', '10px');
+          html.style.setProperty('--safe-area-inset-bottom', '20px');
+          html.style.setProperty('--safe-area-inset-left', '30px');
+          html.style.setProperty('--safe-area-inset-right', '40px');
+        });
+
+        const top = await page.evaluate(() =>
+          getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-top').trim()
+        );
+        const bottom = await page.evaluate(() =>
+          getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-bottom').trim()
+        );
+        const left = await page.evaluate(() =>
+          getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-left').trim()
+        );
+        const right = await page.evaluate(() =>
+          getComputedStyle(document.documentElement).getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-right').trim()
+        );
+
+        expect(top).toBe('10px');
+        expect(bottom).toBe('20px');
+        expect(left).toBe('30px');
+        expect(right).toBe('40px');
+      });
     });
   });
 });

core/src/components/button/button.tsx

@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ export class Button implements ComponentInterface, AnchorInterface, ButtonInterf
    */
   @Watch('aria-checked')
   @Watch('aria-label')
+  @Watch('aria-pressed')
   onAriaChanged(newValue: string, _oldValue: string, propName: string) {
     this.inheritedAttributes = {
       ...this.inheritedAttributes,

core/src/components/checkbox/checkbox.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { ComponentInterface, EventEmitter } from '@stencil/core';
-import { Component, Element, Event, Host, Method, Prop, h } from '@stencil/core';
+import { Build, Component, Element, Event, Host, Method, Prop, State, h } from '@stencil/core';
+import { checkInvalidState } from '@utils/forms';
 import type { Attributes } from '@utils/helpers';
 import { inheritAriaAttributes, renderHiddenInput } from '@utils/helpers';
 import { createColorClasses, hostContext } from '@utils/theme';
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ export class Checkbox implements ComponentInterface {
   private helperTextId = `${this.inputId}-helper-text`;
   private errorTextId = `${this.inputId}-error-text`;
   private inheritedAttributes: Attributes = {};
+  private validationObserver?: MutationObserver;
 
   @Element() el!: HTMLIonCheckboxElement;
 
@@ -120,6 +122,13 @@ export class Checkbox implements ComponentInterface {
    */
   @Prop() required = false;
 
+  /**
+   * Track validation state for proper aria-live announcements.
+   */
+  @State() isInvalid = false;
+
+  @State() private hintTextId?: string;
+
   /**
    * Emitted when the checked property has changed as a result of a user action such as a click.
    *
@@ -137,10 +146,63 @@ export class Checkbox implements ComponentInterface {
    */
   @Event() ionBlur!: EventEmitter<void>;
 
+  connectedCallback() {
+    const { el } = this;
+
+    // Watch for class changes to update validation state.
+    if (Build.isBrowser && typeof MutationObserver !== 'undefined') {
+      this.validationObserver = new MutationObserver(() => {
+        const newIsInvalid = checkInvalidState(el);
+        if (this.isInvalid !== newIsInvalid) {
+          this.isInvalid = newIsInvalid;
+          /**
+           * Screen readers tend to announce changes
+           * to `aria-describedby` when the attribute
+           * is changed during a blur event for a
+           * native form control.
+           * However, the announcement can be spotty
+           * when using a non-native form control
+           * and `forceUpdate()`.
+           * This is due to `forceUpdate()` internally
+           * rescheduling the DOM update to a lower
+           * priority queue regardless if it's called
+           * inside a Promise or not, thus causing
+           * the screen reader to potentially miss the
+           * change.
+           * By using a State variable inside a Promise,
+           * it guarantees a re-render immediately at
+           * a higher priority.
+           */
+          Promise.resolve().then(() => {
+            this.hintTextId = this.getHintTextId();
+          });
+        }
+      });
+
+      this.validationObserver.observe(el, {
+        attributes: true,
+        attributeFilter: ['class'],
+      });
+    }
+
+    // Always set initial state
+    this.isInvalid = checkInvalidState(el);
+  }
+
   componentWillLoad() {
     this.inheritedAttributes = {
       ...inheritAriaAttributes(this.el),
     };
+
+    this.hintTextId = this.getHintTextId();
+  }
+
+  disconnectedCallback() {
+    // Clean up validation observer to prevent memory leaks.
+    if (this.validationObserver) {
+      this.validationObserver.disconnect();
+      this.validationObserver = undefined;
+    }
   }
 
   /** @internal */
@@ -203,10 +265,10 @@ export class Checkbox implements ComponentInterface {
     ev.stopPropagation();
   };
 
-  private getHintTextID(): string | undefined {
-    const { el, helperText, errorText, helperTextId, errorTextId } = this;
+  private getHintTextId(): string | undefined {
+    const { helperText, errorText, helperTextId, errorTextId, isInvalid } = this;
 
-    if (el.classList.contains('ion-touched') && el.classList.contains('ion-invalid') && errorText) {
+    if (isInvalid && errorText) {
       return errorTextId;
     }
 
@@ -222,7 +284,7 @@ export class Checkbox implements ComponentInterface {
    * This element should only be rendered if hint text is set.
    */
   private renderHintText() {
-    const { helperText, errorText, helperTextId, errorTextId } = this;
+    const { helperText, errorText, helperTextId, errorTextId, isInvalid } = this;
 
     /**
      * undefined and empty string values should
@@ -235,11 +297,11 @@ export class Checkbox implements ComponentInterface {
 
     return (
       <div class="checkbox-bottom">
-        <div id={helperTextId} class="helper-text" part="supporting-text helper-text">
-          {helperText}
+        <div id={helperTextId} class="helper-text" part="supporting-text helper-text" aria-live="polite">
+          {!isInvalid ? helperText : null}
         </div>
-        <div id={errorTextId} class="error-text" part="supporting-text error-text">
-          {errorText}
+        <div id={errorTextId} class="error-text" part="supporting-text error-text" role="alert">
+          {isInvalid ? errorText : null}
         </div>
       </div>
     );
@@ -274,11 +336,12 @@ export class Checkbox implements ComponentInterface {
       <Host
         role="checkbox"
         aria-checked={indeterminate ? 'mixed' : `${checked}`}
-        aria-describedby={this.getHintTextID()}
-        aria-invalid={this.getHintTextID() === this.errorTextId}
+        aria-describedby={this.hintTextId}
+        aria-invalid={this.isInvalid ? 'true' : undefined}
         aria-labelledby={hasLabelContent ? this.inputLabelId : null}
         aria-label={inheritedAttributes['aria-label'] || null}
         aria-disabled={disabled ? 'true' : null}
+        aria-required={required ? 'true' : undefined}
         tabindex={disabled ? undefined : 0}
         onKeyDown={this.onKeyDown}
         onFocus={this.onFocus}

core/src/components/checkbox/test/validation/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <title>Checkbox - Validation</title>
+    <meta
+      name="viewport"
+      content="viewport-fit=cover, width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"
+    />
+    <link href="../../../../../css/ionic.bundle.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+    <link href="../../../../../scripts/testing/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+    <script src="../../../../../scripts/testing/scripts.js"></script>
+    <script nomodule src="../../../../../dist/ionic/ionic.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="../../../../../dist/ionic/ionic.esm.js"></script>
+    <style>
+      .grid {
+        display: grid;
+        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(250px, 1fr));
+        grid-row-gap: 30px;
+        grid-column-gap: 30px;
+      }
+
+      h2 {
+        font-size: 12px;
+        font-weight: normal;
+
+        color: var(--ion-color-step-600);
+
+        margin-top: 10px;
+        margin-bottom: 5px;
+      }
+
+      .validation-info {
+        margin: 20px;
+        padding: 10px;
+        background: var(--ion-color-light);
+        border-radius: 4px;
+      }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+
+  <body>
+    <ion-app>
+      <ion-header>
+        <ion-toolbar>
+          <ion-title>Checkbox - Validation Test</ion-title>
+        </ion-toolbar>
+      </ion-header>
+
+      <ion-content class="ion-padding">
+        <div class="validation-info">
+          <h2>Screen Reader Testing Instructions:</h2>
+          <ol>
+            <li>Enable your screen reader (VoiceOver, NVDA, JAWS, etc.)</li>
+            <li>Tab through the form fields</li>
+            <li>When you tab away from an empty required field, the error should be announced immediately</li>
+            <li>The error text should be announced BEFORE the next field is announced</li>
+            <li>Test in Chrome, Safari, and Firefox to verify consistent behavior</li>
+          </ol>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="grid">
+          <div>
+            <h2>Required Field</h2>
+            <ion-checkbox
+              id="terms-checkbox"
+              helper-text="You must agree to continue"
+              error-text="Please accept the terms and conditions"
+              required
+              >I agree to the terms and conditions</ion-checkbox
+            >
+          </div>
+
+          <div>
+            <h2>Optional Field (No Validation)</h2>
+            <ion-checkbox id="optional-checkbox" helper-text="You can skip this field">Optional Checkbox</ion-checkbox>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="ion-padding">
+          <ion-button id="submit-btn" expand="block" disabled>Submit Form</ion-button>
+          <ion-button id="reset-btn" expand="block" fill="outline">Reset Form</ion-button>
+        </div>
+      </ion-content>
+    </ion-app>
+
+    <script>
+      // Simple validation logic
+      const checkboxes = document.querySelectorAll('ion-checkbox');
+      const submitBtn = document.getElementById('submit-btn');
+      const resetBtn = document.getElementById('reset-btn');
+
+      // Track which fields have been touched
+      const touchedFields = new Set();
+
+      // Validation functions
+      const validators = {
+        'terms-checkbox': (checked) => {
+          return checked === true;
+        },
+        'optional-checkbox': () => true, // Always valid
+      };
+
+      function validateField(checkbox) {
+        const checkboxId = checkbox.id;
+        const checked = checkbox.checked;
+        const isValid = validators[checkboxId] ? validators[checkboxId](checked) : true;
+
+        // Only show validation state if field has been touched
+        if (touchedFields.has(checkboxId)) {
+          if (isValid) {
+            checkbox.classList.remove('ion-invalid');
+            checkbox.classList.add('ion-valid');
+          } else {
+            checkbox.classList.remove('ion-valid');
+            checkbox.classList.add('ion-invalid');
+          }
+          checkbox.classList.add('ion-touched');
+        }
+
+        return isValid;
+      }
+
+      function validateForm() {
+        let allValid = true;
+        checkboxes.forEach((checkbox) => {
+          if (checkbox.id !== 'optional-checkbox') {
+            const isValid = validateField(checkbox);
+            if (!isValid) {
+              allValid = false;
+            }
+          }
+        });
+        submitBtn.disabled = !allValid;
+        return allValid;
+      }
+
+      // Add event listeners
+      checkboxes.forEach((checkbox) => {
+        // Mark as touched on blur
+        checkbox.addEventListener('ionBlur', (e) => {
+          console.log('Blur event on:', checkbox.id);
+          touchedFields.add(checkbox.id);
+          validateField(checkbox);
+          validateForm();
+
+          const isInvalid = checkbox.classList.contains('ion-invalid');
+          if (isInvalid) {
+            console.log('Field marked invalid:', checkbox.innerText, checkbox.errorText);
+          }
+        });
+
+        // Validate on change
+        checkbox.addEventListener('ionChange', (e) => {
+          console.log('Change event on:', checkbox.id);
+          if (touchedFields.has(checkbox.id)) {
+            validateField(checkbox);
+            validateForm();
+          }
+        });
+      });
+
+      // Reset button
+      resetBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
+        checkboxes.forEach((checkbox) => {
+          checkbox.checked = false;
+          checkbox.classList.remove('ion-valid', 'ion-invalid', 'ion-touched');
+        });
+        touchedFields.clear();
+        submitBtn.disabled = true;
+      });
+
+      // Submit button
+      submitBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
+        if (validateForm()) {
+          alert('Form submitted successfully!');
+        }
+      });
+
+      // Initial setup
+      validateForm();
+    </script>
+  </body>
+</html>

core/src/components/content/content.tsx

@@ -254,6 +254,17 @@ export class Content implements ComponentInterface {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Recalculate content dimensions. Called by overlays (e.g., popover) when
+   * sibling elements like headers or footers have finished rendering and their
+   * heights are available, ensuring accurate offset-top calculations.
+   * @internal
+   */
+  @Method()
+  async recalculateDimensions(): Promise<void> {
+    readTask(() => this.readDimensions());
+  }
+
   private readDimensions() {
     const page = getPageElement(this.el);
     const top = Math.max(this.el.offsetTop, 0);

core/src/components/datetime-button/test/overlays/datetime-button.e2e.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
 import type { Locator } from '@playwright/test';
-import { configs, test } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
 import type { EventSpy } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+import { configs, test } from '@utils/test/playwright';
 
 /**
  * This behavior does not vary across directions.
@@ -176,5 +176,34 @@ configs({ modes: ['md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
       await ionModalDidPresent.next();
       await expect(datetime).toBeVisible();
     });
+    test('should set datetime ready state and keep calendar interactive when reopening modal', async ({
+      page,
+    }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30706',
+      });
+
+      const openAndInteract = async () => {
+        await page.click('#date-button');
+        await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+        await page.locator('ion-datetime.datetime-ready').waitFor();
+
+        const calendarBody = datetime.locator('.calendar-body');
+        await expect(calendarBody).toBeVisible();
+      };
+
+      await openAndInteract();
+
+      const firstEnabledDay = datetime.locator('.calendar-day:not([disabled])').first();
+      await firstEnabledDay.click();
+      await page.waitForChanges();
+
+      await modal.evaluate((el: HTMLIonModalElement) => el.dismiss());
+      await ionModalDidDismiss.next();
+
+      await openAndInteract();
+    });
   });
 });

core/src/components/datetime/datetime.tsx

@@ -1101,6 +1101,32 @@ export class Datetime implements ComponentInterface {
     this.initializeKeyboardListeners();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * TODO(FW-6931): Remove this fallback upon solving the root cause
+   * Fallback to ensure the datetime becomes ready even if
+   * IntersectionObserver never reports it as intersecting.
+   *
+   * This is primarily used in environments where the observer
+   * might not fire as expected, such as when running under
+   * synthetic tests that stub IntersectionObserver.
+   */
+  private ensureReadyIfVisible = () => {
+    if (this.el.classList.contains('datetime-ready')) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const rect = this.el.getBoundingClientRect();
+    if (rect.width === 0 || rect.height === 0) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this.initializeListeners();
+
+    writeTask(() => {
+      this.el.classList.add('datetime-ready');
+    });
+  };
+
   componentDidLoad() {
     const { el, intersectionTrackerRef } = this;
 
@@ -1141,6 +1167,18 @@ export class Datetime implements ComponentInterface {
      */
     raf(() => visibleIO?.observe(intersectionTrackerRef!));
 
+    /**
+     * TODO(FW-6931): Remove this fallback upon solving the root cause
+     * Fallback: If IntersectionObserver never reports that the
+     * datetime is visible but the host clearly has layout, ensure
+     * we still initialize listeners and mark the component as ready.
+     *
+     * We schedule this after everything has had a chance to run.
+     */
+    setTimeout(() => {
+      this.ensureReadyIfVisible();
+    }, 100);
+
     /**
      * We need to clean up listeners when the datetime is hidden
      * in a popover/modal so that we can properly scroll containers

core/src/components/datetime/test/basic/datetime.e2e.ts

@@ -394,6 +394,61 @@ configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) =>
   });
 });
 
+/**
+ * Synthetic IntersectionObserver fallback behavior.
+ *
+ * This test stubs IntersectionObserver so that the callback
+ * never reports an intersecting entry. The datetime should
+ * still become ready via its internal fallback logic.
+ */
+configs({ modes: ['md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('datetime: IO fallback'), () => {
+    test('should become ready even if IntersectionObserver never reports visible', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30706',
+      });
+
+      await page.addInitScript(() => {
+        const OriginalIO = window.IntersectionObserver;
+        (window as any).IntersectionObserver = function (callback: any, options: any) {
+          const instance = new OriginalIO(() => {}, options);
+          const originalObserve = instance.observe.bind(instance);
+
+          instance.observe = (target: Element) => {
+            originalObserve(target);
+            callback([
+              {
+                isIntersecting: false,
+                target,
+              } as IntersectionObserverEntry,
+            ]);
+          };
+
+          return instance;
+        } as any;
+      });
+
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-datetime value="2022-05-03"></ion-datetime>
+      `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const datetime = page.locator('ion-datetime');
+
+      // Give the fallback a short amount of time to run
+      await page.waitForTimeout(100);
+
+      await expect(datetime).toHaveClass(/datetime-ready/);
+
+      const calendarBody = datetime.locator('.calendar-body');
+      await expect(calendarBody).toBeVisible();
+    });
+  });
+});
+
 /**
  * We are setting RTL on the component
  * instead, so we don't need to test

core/src/components/footer/footer.tsx

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ export class Footer implements ComponentInterface {
   private scrollEl?: HTMLElement;
   private contentScrollCallback?: () => void;
   private keyboardCtrl: KeyboardController | null = null;
+  private keyboardCtrlPromise: Promise<KeyboardController> | null = null;
 
   @State() private keyboardVisible = false;
 
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ export class Footer implements ComponentInterface {
   }
 
   async connectedCallback() {
-    this.keyboardCtrl = await createKeyboardController(async (keyboardOpen, waitForResize) => {
+    const promise = createKeyboardController(async (keyboardOpen, waitForResize) => {
       /**
        * If the keyboard is hiding, then we need to wait
        * for the webview to resize. Otherwise, the footer
@@ -64,11 +65,32 @@ export class Footer implements ComponentInterface {
 
       this.keyboardVisible = keyboardOpen; // trigger re-render by updating state
     });
+    this.keyboardCtrlPromise = promise;
+
+    const keyboardCtrl = await promise;
+
+    /**
+     * Only assign if this is still the current promise.
+     * Otherwise, a new connectedCallback has started or
+     * disconnectedCallback was called, so destroy this instance.
+     */
+    if (this.keyboardCtrlPromise === promise) {
+      this.keyboardCtrl = keyboardCtrl;
+      this.keyboardCtrlPromise = null;
+    } else {
+      keyboardCtrl.destroy();
+    }
   }
 
   disconnectedCallback() {
+    if (this.keyboardCtrlPromise) {
+      this.keyboardCtrlPromise.then((ctrl) => ctrl.destroy());
+      this.keyboardCtrlPromise = null;
+    }
+
     if (this.keyboardCtrl) {
       this.keyboardCtrl.destroy();
+      this.keyboardCtrl = null;
     }
   }
 

core/src/components/header/header.md.scss

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
   box-shadow: $header-md-box-shadow;
 }
 
-.header-collapse-condense {
+.header-md.header-collapse-condense {
   display: none;
 }
 

core/src/components/header/test/condense-modal/header.e2e.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import { configs, test } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+
+/**
+ * This test verifies that collapsible headers with mode="ios" work correctly
+ * when both iOS and MD stylesheets are loaded. The bug occurred because
+ * `.header-collapse-condense { display: none }` in the MD stylesheet was not
+ * scoped to `.header-md`, causing it to hide iOS condense headers when both
+ * stylesheets were present.
+ */
+configs({ modes: ['md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('header: condense with iOS mode override'), () => {
+    test('should show iOS condense header when both MD and iOS styles are loaded', async ({ page }) => {
+      test.info().annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/29929',
+      });
+
+      // Include both an MD header and an iOS modal to force both stylesheets to load
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <!-- MD header to force MD stylesheet to load -->
+        <ion-header mode="md" id="mdHeader">
+          <ion-toolbar>
+            <ion-title>MD Header</ion-title>
+          </ion-toolbar>
+        </ion-header>
+
+        <!-- Modal with iOS condense header -->
+        <ion-modal>
+          <ion-header mode="ios" id="smallTitleHeader">
+            <ion-toolbar>
+              <ion-title>Header</ion-title>
+            </ion-toolbar>
+          </ion-header>
+          <ion-content fullscreen="true">
+            <ion-header collapse="condense" mode="ios" id="largeTitleHeader">
+              <ion-toolbar>
+                <ion-title size="large">Large Header</ion-title>
+              </ion-toolbar>
+            </ion-header>
+            <p>Content</p>
+          </ion-content>
+        </ion-modal>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const modal = page.locator('ion-modal');
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await modal.evaluate((el: HTMLIonModalElement) => el.present());
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      const largeTitleHeader = modal.locator('#largeTitleHeader');
+
+      // The large title header should be visible, not hidden by MD styles
+      await expect(largeTitleHeader).toBeVisible();
+
+      // Verify it has the iOS mode class
+      await expect(largeTitleHeader).toHaveClass(/header-ios/);
+
+      // Verify it does NOT have display: none applied
+      // This would fail if the MD stylesheet's unscoped .header-collapse-condense rule applies
+      const display = await largeTitleHeader.evaluate((el) => {
+        return window.getComputedStyle(el).display;
+      });
+      expect(display).not.toBe('none');
+    });
+  });
+});

core/src/components/input-password-toggle/input-password-toggle.tsx

@@ -126,9 +126,8 @@ export class InputPasswordToggle implements ComponentInterface {
           color={color}
           fill="clear"
           shape="round"
-          aria-checked={isPasswordVisible ? 'true' : 'false'}
           aria-label={isPasswordVisible ? 'Hide password' : 'Show password'}
-          role="switch"
+          aria-pressed={isPasswordVisible ? 'true' : 'false'}
           type="button"
           onPointerDown={(ev) => {
             /**

core/src/components/input-password-toggle/test/a11y/input-password-toggle.e2e.ts

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
   });
 
   test.describe(title('input password toggle: aria attributes'), () => {
-    test('should inherit aria attributes to inner button on load', async ({ page }) => {
+    test('should have correct aria attributes on load', async ({ page }) => {
       await page.setContent(
         `
         <ion-input label="input" type="password">
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
       const nativeButton = page.locator('ion-input-password-toggle button');
 
       await expect(nativeButton).toHaveAttribute('aria-label', 'Show password');
-      await expect(nativeButton).toHaveAttribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+      await expect(nativeButton).toHaveAttribute('aria-pressed', 'false');
     });
-    test('should inherit aria attributes to inner button after toggle', async ({ page }) => {
+    test('should update aria attributes after toggle', async ({ page }) => {
       await page.setContent(
         `
         <ion-input label="input" type="password">
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
       await nativeButton.click();
 
       await expect(nativeButton).toHaveAttribute('aria-label', 'Hide password');
-      await expect(nativeButton).toHaveAttribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+      await expect(nativeButton).toHaveAttribute('aria-pressed', 'true');
     });
   });
 });

core/src/components/input/input.scss

@@ -165,9 +165,13 @@
 // otherwise the .input-cover will not be rendered at all
 // The input cover is not clickable when the input is disabled
 .cloned-input {
-  @include position(0, null, 0, 0);
-
   position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+
+  // Reset height since absolute positioning with top/bottom handles sizing
+  height: auto;
+  max-height: none;
 
   pointer-events: none;
 }

core/src/components/input/input.tsx

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ export class Input implements ComponentInterface {
   private inputId = `ion-input-${inputIds++}`;
   private helperTextId = `${this.inputId}-helper-text`;
   private errorTextId = `${this.inputId}-error-text`;
+  private labelTextId = `${this.inputId}-label`;
   private inheritedAttributes: Attributes = {};
   private isComposing = false;
   private slotMutationController?: SlotMutationController;
@@ -406,7 +407,12 @@ export class Input implements ComponentInterface {
   connectedCallback() {
     const { el } = this;
 
-    this.slotMutationController = createSlotMutationController(el, ['label', 'start', 'end'], () => forceUpdate(this));
+    this.slotMutationController = createSlotMutationController(el, ['label', 'start', 'end'], () => {
+      this.setSlottedLabelId();
+      forceUpdate(this);
+    });
+
+    this.setSlottedLabelId();
     this.notchController = createNotchController(
       el,
       () => this.notchSpacerEl,
@@ -721,7 +727,7 @@ export class Input implements ComponentInterface {
   }
 
   private renderLabel() {
-    const { label } = this;
+    const { label, labelTextId } = this;
 
     return (
       <div
@@ -729,8 +735,17 @@ export class Input implements ComponentInterface {
           'label-text-wrapper': true,
           'label-text-wrapper-hidden': !this.hasLabel,
         }}
+        // Prevents Android TalkBack from focusing the label separately.
+        // The input remains labelled via aria-labelledby.
+        aria-hidden={this.hasLabel ? 'true' : null}
       >
-        {label === undefined ? <slot name="label"></slot> : <div class="label-text">{label}</div>}
+        {label === undefined ? (
+          <slot name="label"></slot>
+        ) : (
+          <div class="label-text" id={labelTextId}>
+            {label}
+          </div>
+        )}
       </div>
     );
   }
@@ -743,6 +758,33 @@ export class Input implements ComponentInterface {
     return this.el.querySelector('[slot="label"]');
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Ensures the slotted label element has an ID for aria-labelledby.
+   * If no ID exists, we assign one using our generated labelTextId.
+   */
+  private setSlottedLabelId() {
+    const slottedLabel = this.labelSlot;
+    if (slottedLabel && !slottedLabel.id) {
+      slottedLabel.id = this.labelTextId;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the ID to use for aria-labelledby on the native input,
+   * or undefined if aria-label is explicitly set (to avoid conflicts).
+   */
+  private getLabelledById(): string | undefined {
+    if (this.inheritedAttributes['aria-label']) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+
+    if (this.label !== undefined) {
+      return this.labelTextId;
+    }
+
+    return this.labelSlot?.id || undefined;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Returns `true` if label content is provided
    * either by a prop or a content. If you want
@@ -898,6 +940,7 @@ export class Input implements ComponentInterface {
               onCompositionend={this.onCompositionEnd}
               aria-describedby={this.getHintTextID()}
               aria-invalid={this.isInvalid ? 'true' : undefined}
+              aria-labelledby={this.getLabelledById()}
               {...this.inheritedAttributes}
             />
             {this.clearInput && !readonly && !disabled && (

core/src/components/input/test/a11y/input.e2e.ts

@@ -57,6 +57,104 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'], palettes: ['light', 'dark'] }).forEach(({ title,
   });
 });
 
+configs({ directions: ['ltr'], modes: ['md'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('input: label a11y for Android TalkBack'), () => {
+    /**
+     * Android TalkBack treats visible text elements as separate focusable items.
+     * These tests verify that the label is hidden from a11y tree (aria-hidden)
+     * while remaining associated with the input via aria-labelledby.
+     */
+    test('label text wrapper should be hidden from accessibility tree when using label prop', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-input label="Email" value="test@example.com"></ion-input>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const labelTextWrapper = page.locator('ion-input .label-text-wrapper');
+      await expect(labelTextWrapper).toHaveAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
+    });
+
+    test('label text wrapper should be hidden from accessibility tree when using label slot', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-input value="test@example.com">
+          <div slot="label">Email</div>
+        </ion-input>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const labelTextWrapper = page.locator('ion-input .label-text-wrapper');
+      await expect(labelTextWrapper).toHaveAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
+    });
+
+    test('native input should have aria-labelledby pointing to label text when using label prop', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-input label="Email" value="test@example.com"></ion-input>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const nativeInput = page.locator('ion-input input');
+      const labelText = page.locator('ion-input .label-text');
+
+      const labelTextId = await labelText.getAttribute('id');
+      expect(labelTextId).not.toBeNull();
+      await expect(nativeInput).toHaveAttribute('aria-labelledby', labelTextId!);
+    });
+
+    test('native input should have aria-labelledby pointing to slotted label when using label slot', async ({
+      page,
+    }) => {
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-input value="test@example.com">
+          <div slot="label">Email</div>
+        </ion-input>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const nativeInput = page.locator('ion-input input');
+      const slottedLabel = page.locator('ion-input [slot="label"]');
+
+      const slottedLabelId = await slottedLabel.getAttribute('id');
+      expect(slottedLabelId).not.toBeNull();
+      await expect(nativeInput).toHaveAttribute('aria-labelledby', slottedLabelId!);
+    });
+
+    test('should not add aria-labelledby when aria-label is provided on host', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-input aria-label="Custom Label" value="test@example.com"></ion-input>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const nativeInput = page.locator('ion-input input');
+
+      await expect(nativeInput).toHaveAttribute('aria-label', 'Custom Label');
+      await expect(nativeInput).not.toHaveAttribute('aria-labelledby');
+    });
+
+    test('should not add aria-hidden to label wrapper when no label is present', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-input aria-label="Hidden Label" value="test@example.com"></ion-input>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+
+      const labelTextWrapper = page.locator('ion-input .label-text-wrapper');
+
+      await expect(labelTextWrapper).not.toHaveAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
+    });
+  });
+});
+
 configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config, screenshot }) => {
   test.describe(title('input: font scaling'), () => {
     test('should scale text on larger font sizes', async ({ page }) => {

core/src/components/modal/gestures/sheet.ts

@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ export const createSheetGesture = (
   expandToScroll: boolean,
   getCurrentBreakpoint: () => number,
   onDismiss: () => void,
-  onBreakpointChange: (breakpoint: number) => void
+  onBreakpointChange: (breakpoint: number) => void,
+  onGestureMove?: () => void
 ) => {
   // Defaults for the sheet swipe animation
   const defaultBackdrop = [
@@ -423,6 +424,9 @@ export const createSheetGesture = (
 
     offset = clamp(0.0001, processedStep, maxStep);
     animation.progressStep(offset);
+
+    // Notify modal of position change for safe-area updates
+    onGestureMove?.();
   };
 
   const onEnd = (detail: GestureDetail) => {

core/src/components/modal/gestures/swipe-to-close.ts

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ export const createSwipeToCloseGesture = (
   el: HTMLIonModalElement,
   animation: Animation,
   statusBarStyle: StatusBarStyle,
-  onDismiss: () => void
+  onDismiss: () => void,
+  onGestureMove?: () => void
 ) => {
   /**
    * The step value at which a card modal
@@ -199,6 +200,9 @@ export const createSwipeToCloseGesture = (
 
     animation.progressStep(clampedStep);
 
+    // Notify modal of position change for safe-area updates
+    onGestureMove?.();
+
     /**
      * When swiping down half way, the status bar style
      * should be reset to its default value.

core/src/components/modal/modal.scss

@@ -94,10 +94,6 @@ ion-backdrop {
   :host {
     --width: #{$modal-inset-width};
     --height: #{$modal-inset-height-small};
-    --ion-safe-area-top: 0px;
-    --ion-safe-area-bottom: 0px;
-    --ion-safe-area-right: 0px;
-    --ion-safe-area-left: 0px;
   }
 }
 

core/src/components/modal/modal.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { ComponentInterface, EventEmitter } from '@stencil/core';
 import { Component, Element, Event, Host, Listen, Method, Prop, State, Watch, h, writeTask } from '@stencil/core';
+import { win } from '@utils/browser';
 import { findIonContent, printIonContentErrorMsg } from '@utils/content';
 import { CoreDelegate, attachComponent, detachComponent } from '@utils/framework-delegate';
 import { raf, inheritAttributes, hasLazyBuild, getElementRoot } from '@utils/helpers';
@@ -71,9 +72,10 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
   private gesture?: Gesture;
   private coreDelegate: FrameworkDelegate = CoreDelegate();
   private sheetTransition?: Promise<any>;
-  private isSheetModal = false;
+  @State() private isSheetModal = false;
   private currentBreakpoint?: number;
   private wrapperEl?: HTMLElement;
+  private shadowEl?: HTMLElement;
   private backdropEl?: HTMLIonBackdropElement;
   private dragHandleEl?: HTMLButtonElement;
   private sortedBreakpoints?: number[];
@@ -98,8 +100,18 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
 
   // Mutation observer to watch for parent removal
   private parentRemovalObserver?: MutationObserver;
+  // Watches for dynamic footer additions/removals to update safe-area padding
+  private footerObserver?: MutationObserver;
   // Cached original parent from before modal is moved to body during presentation
   private cachedOriginalParent?: HTMLElement;
+  // Cached ion-page ancestor for child route passthrough
+  private cachedPageParent?: HTMLElement | null;
+  // Whether to skip coordinate-based safe-area detection (for fullscreen phone modals)
+  private skipSafeAreaCoordinateDetection = false;
+  // Cached safe-area values to avoid getComputedStyle calls during gestures
+  private cachedSafeAreas?: { top: number; bottom: number; left: number; right: number };
+  // Track previous safe-area state to avoid redundant DOM writes
+  private prevSafeAreaState = { top: false, bottom: false, left: false, right: false };
 
   lastFocus?: HTMLElement;
   animation?: Animation;
@@ -274,7 +286,11 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
 
   @Listen('resize', { target: 'window' })
   onWindowResize() {
-    // Only handle resize for iOS card modals when no custom animations are provided
+    // Invalidate safe-area cache on resize (device rotation may change values)
+    this.cachedSafeAreas = undefined;
+    this.updateSafeAreaOverrides();
+
+    // Only handle view transition for iOS card modals when no custom animations are provided
     if (getIonMode(this) !== 'ios' || !this.presentingElement || this.enterAnimation || this.leaveAnimation) {
       return;
     }
@@ -404,6 +420,8 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
     this.triggerController.removeClickListener();
     this.cleanupViewTransitionListener();
     this.cleanupParentRemovalObserver();
+    // Reset safe-area state to handle removal without dismiss (e.g., framework unmount)
+    this.resetSafeAreaState();
   }
 
   componentWillLoad() {
@@ -590,6 +608,9 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
       await waitForMount();
     }
 
+    // Predict safe-area needs based on modal configuration to avoid visual snap
+    this.setInitialSafeAreaOverrides(presentingElement);
+
     writeTask(() => this.el.classList.add('show-modal'));
 
     const hasCardModal = presentingElement !== undefined;
@@ -644,12 +665,22 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
       window.addEventListener(KEYBOARD_DID_OPEN, this.keyboardOpenCallback);
     }
 
-    if (this.isSheetModal) {
+    /**
+     * Recalculate isSheetModal because framework bindings (e.g., Angular)
+     * may not have been applied when componentWillLoad ran.
+     */
+    const isSheetModal = this.breakpoints !== undefined && this.initialBreakpoint !== undefined;
+    this.isSheetModal = isSheetModal;
+
+    if (isSheetModal) {
       this.initSheetGesture();
     } else if (hasCardModal) {
       this.initSwipeToClose();
     }
 
+    // Now that animation is complete, update safe-area based on actual position
+    this.updateSafeAreaOverrides();
+
     // Initialize view transition listener for iOS card modals
     this.initViewTransitionListener();
 
@@ -683,33 +714,39 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
 
     const statusBarStyle = this.statusBarStyle ?? StatusBarStyle.Default;
 
-    this.gesture = createSwipeToCloseGesture(el, ani, statusBarStyle, () => {
-      /**
-       * While the gesture animation is finishing
-       * it is possible for a user to tap the backdrop.
-       * This would result in the dismiss animation
-       * being played again. Typically this is avoided
-       * by setting `presented = false` on the overlay
-       * component; however, we cannot do that here as
-       * that would prevent the element from being
-       * removed from the DOM.
-       */
-      this.gestureAnimationDismissing = true;
+    this.gesture = createSwipeToCloseGesture(
+      el,
+      ani,
+      statusBarStyle,
+      () => {
+        /**
+         * While the gesture animation is finishing
+         * it is possible for a user to tap the backdrop.
+         * This would result in the dismiss animation
+         * being played again. Typically this is avoided
+         * by setting `presented = false` on the overlay
+         * component; however, we cannot do that here as
+         * that would prevent the element from being
+         * removed from the DOM.
+         */
+        this.gestureAnimationDismissing = true;
 
-      /**
-       * Reset the status bar style as the dismiss animation
-       * starts otherwise the status bar will be the wrong
-       * color for the duration of the dismiss animation.
-       * The dismiss method does this as well, but
-       * in this case it's only called once the animation
-       * has finished.
-       */
-      setCardStatusBarDefault(this.statusBarStyle);
-      this.animation!.onFinish(async () => {
-        await this.dismiss(undefined, GESTURE);
-        this.gestureAnimationDismissing = false;
-      });
-    });
+        /**
+         * Reset the status bar style as the dismiss animation
+         * starts otherwise the status bar will be the wrong
+         * color for the duration of the dismiss animation.
+         * The dismiss method does this as well, but
+         * in this case it's only called once the animation
+         * has finished.
+         */
+        setCardStatusBarDefault(this.statusBarStyle);
+        this.animation!.onFinish(async () => {
+          await this.dismiss(undefined, GESTURE);
+          this.gestureAnimationDismissing = false;
+        });
+      },
+      () => this.updateSafeAreaOverrides()
+    );
     this.gesture.enable(true);
   }
 
@@ -746,13 +783,306 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
           this.currentBreakpoint = breakpoint;
           this.ionBreakpointDidChange.emit({ breakpoint });
         }
-      }
+        this.updateSafeAreaOverrides();
+      },
+      () => this.updateSafeAreaOverrides()
     );
 
     this.gesture = gesture;
     this.moveSheetToBreakpoint = moveSheetToBreakpoint;
 
     this.gesture.enable(true);
+
+    /**
+     * When backdrop interaction is allowed, nested router outlets from child routes
+     * may block pointer events to parent content. Apply passthrough styles only when
+     * the modal was the sole content of a child route page.
+     * See https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30700
+     */
+    const backdropNotBlocking = this.showBackdrop === false || this.focusTrap === false || backdropBreakpoint > 0;
+    if (backdropNotBlocking) {
+      this.setupChildRoutePassthrough();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * For sheet modals that allow background interaction, sets up pointer-events
+   * passthrough on child route page wrappers and nested router outlets.
+   */
+  private setupChildRoutePassthrough() {
+    // Cache the page parent for cleanup
+    this.cachedPageParent = this.getOriginalPageParent();
+    const pageParent = this.cachedPageParent;
+
+    // Skip ion-app (controller modals) and pages with visible sibling content next to the modal
+    if (!pageParent || pageParent.tagName === 'ION-APP') {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const hasVisibleContent = Array.from(pageParent.children).some(
+      (child) =>
+        child !== this.el &&
+        !(child instanceof HTMLElement && window.getComputedStyle(child).display === 'none') &&
+        child.tagName !== 'TEMPLATE' &&
+        child.tagName !== 'SLOT' &&
+        !(child.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE && !child.textContent?.trim())
+    );
+
+    if (hasVisibleContent) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Child route case: page only contained the modal
+    pageParent.classList.add('ion-page-overlay-passthrough');
+
+    // Also make nested router outlets passthrough
+    const routerOutlet = pageParent.parentElement;
+    if (routerOutlet?.tagName === 'ION-ROUTER-OUTLET' && routerOutlet.parentElement?.tagName !== 'ION-APP') {
+      routerOutlet.style.setProperty('pointer-events', 'none');
+      routerOutlet.setAttribute('data-overlay-passthrough', 'true');
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Finds the ion-page ancestor of the modal's original parent location.
+   */
+  private getOriginalPageParent(): HTMLElement | null {
+    if (!this.cachedOriginalParent) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    let pageParent: HTMLElement | null = this.cachedOriginalParent;
+    while (pageParent && !pageParent.classList.contains('ion-page')) {
+      pageParent = pageParent.parentElement;
+    }
+    return pageParent;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Removes passthrough styles added by setupChildRoutePassthrough.
+   */
+  private cleanupChildRoutePassthrough() {
+    const pageParent = this.cachedPageParent;
+    if (!pageParent) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    pageParent.classList.remove('ion-page-overlay-passthrough');
+
+    const routerOutlet = pageParent.parentElement;
+    if (routerOutlet?.hasAttribute('data-overlay-passthrough')) {
+      routerOutlet.style.removeProperty('pointer-events');
+      routerOutlet.removeAttribute('data-overlay-passthrough');
+    }
+
+    // Clear the cached reference
+    this.cachedPageParent = undefined;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sets initial safe-area overrides based on modal configuration before
+   * the modal becomes visible. This predicts whether the modal will touch
+   * screen edges to avoid a visual snap after animation completes.
+   */
+  private setInitialSafeAreaOverrides(presentingElement: HTMLElement | undefined) {
+    const style = this.el.style;
+    const mode = getIonMode(this);
+    const isSheetModal = this.breakpoints !== undefined && this.initialBreakpoint !== undefined;
+    // Card modals only exist in iOS mode - in MD mode, presentingElement is ignored
+    const isCardModal = presentingElement !== undefined && mode === 'ios';
+    const isTablet = window.innerWidth >= 768;
+
+    // Sheet modals always touch bottom edge, never top/left/right
+    if (isSheetModal) {
+      style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-top', '0px');
+      style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-left', '0px');
+      style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-right', '0px');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Card modals have rounded top corners
+    if (isCardModal) {
+      style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-top', '0px');
+      if (isTablet) {
+        // On tablets, card modals are inset from all edges
+        this.zeroAllSafeAreas();
+      } else {
+        // On phones, card modals still extend to the bottom edge
+        style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-left', '0px');
+        style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-right', '0px');
+        this.applyFullscreenSafeArea();
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Check if modal is fullscreen via CSS custom properties
+    // This applies to both phone and tablet sizes - custom modals may have
+    // non-fullscreen dimensions even on phones (e.g., --height: 70%)
+    const computedStyle = getComputedStyle(this.el);
+    const width = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--width').trim();
+    const height = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--height').trim();
+    const isFullscreen = width === '100%' && height === '100%';
+
+    if (isFullscreen) {
+      this.applyFullscreenSafeArea();
+    } else if (isTablet) {
+      // Centered dialog on tablet doesn't touch edges
+      this.zeroAllSafeAreas();
+    } else {
+      // Non-fullscreen modal on phone - use coordinate-based detection
+      // to determine which edges it touches (e.g., bottom-aligned custom modals)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Applies safe-area handling for fullscreen modals.
+   * Adds wrapper padding when no footer is present to prevent
+   * content from overlapping system navigation areas.
+   */
+  private applyFullscreenSafeArea() {
+    this.skipSafeAreaCoordinateDetection = true;
+    this.updateFooterPadding();
+
+    // Watch for dynamic footer additions/removals (e.g., async data loading)
+    // Use subtree:true to support wrapped footers in framework components
+    // (e.g., <my-footer><ion-footer>...</ion-footer></my-footer>)
+    if (!this.footerObserver && win !== undefined && 'MutationObserver' in win) {
+      this.footerObserver = new MutationObserver(() => this.updateFooterPadding());
+      this.footerObserver.observe(this.el, { childList: true, subtree: true });
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Updates wrapper and shadow padding based on footer presence.
+   * Called initially and when footer is dynamically added/removed.
+   * Both elements must be styled identically to prevent visual mismatches.
+   */
+  private updateFooterPadding() {
+    if (!this.wrapperEl) return;
+
+    const hasFooter = this.el.querySelector('ion-footer') !== null;
+    // Apply to both wrapper and shadow to keep them in sync
+    const elements = [this.wrapperEl, this.shadowEl].filter(Boolean) as HTMLElement[];
+
+    if (hasFooter) {
+      elements.forEach((el) => {
+        el.style.removeProperty('padding-bottom');
+        el.style.removeProperty('box-sizing');
+      });
+    } else {
+      elements.forEach((el) => {
+        el.style.setProperty('padding-bottom', 'var(--ion-safe-area-bottom, 0px)');
+        el.style.setProperty('box-sizing', 'border-box');
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sets all safe-area CSS variables to 0px for modals that
+   * don't touch screen edges.
+   */
+  private zeroAllSafeAreas() {
+    const style = this.el.style;
+    style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-top', '0px');
+    style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-bottom', '0px');
+    style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-left', '0px');
+    style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-right', '0px');
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Resets all safe-area related state and styles.
+   * Called during dismiss and disconnectedCallback to ensure clean state
+   * for re-presentation of inline modals.
+   */
+  private resetSafeAreaState() {
+    this.skipSafeAreaCoordinateDetection = false;
+    this.cachedSafeAreas = undefined;
+    this.prevSafeAreaState = { top: false, bottom: false, left: false, right: false };
+    this.footerObserver?.disconnect();
+    this.footerObserver = undefined;
+
+    // Clear wrapper and shadow styles that may have been set for safe-area handling
+    [this.wrapperEl, this.shadowEl].forEach((el) => {
+      if (el) {
+        el.style.removeProperty('padding-bottom');
+        el.style.removeProperty('box-sizing');
+      }
+    });
+
+    // Clear safe-area CSS variable overrides
+    const style = this.el.style;
+    style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-top');
+    style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-bottom');
+    style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-left');
+    style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-right');
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the root safe-area values from the document element.
+   * Uses cached values during gestures to avoid getComputedStyle calls.
+   */
+  private getSafeAreaValues(): { top: number; bottom: number; left: number; right: number } {
+    if (!this.cachedSafeAreas) {
+      const rootStyle = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement);
+      this.cachedSafeAreas = {
+        top: parseFloat(rootStyle.getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-top')) || 0,
+        bottom: parseFloat(rootStyle.getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-bottom')) || 0,
+        left: parseFloat(rootStyle.getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-left')) || 0,
+        right: parseFloat(rootStyle.getPropertyValue('--ion-safe-area-right')) || 0,
+      };
+    }
+    return this.cachedSafeAreas;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Updates safe-area CSS variable overrides based on whether the modal
+   * extends into each safe-area region. Called after animation
+   * and during gestures to handle dynamic position changes.
+   *
+   * Optimized to avoid redundant DOM writes by tracking previous state.
+   */
+  private updateSafeAreaOverrides() {
+    if (this.skipSafeAreaCoordinateDetection) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const wrapper = this.wrapperEl;
+    if (!wrapper) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const rect = wrapper.getBoundingClientRect();
+    const safeAreas = this.getSafeAreaValues();
+
+    const extendsIntoTop = rect.top < safeAreas.top;
+    const extendsIntoBottom = rect.bottom > window.innerHeight - safeAreas.bottom;
+    const extendsIntoLeft = rect.left < safeAreas.left;
+    const extendsIntoRight = rect.right > window.innerWidth - safeAreas.right;
+
+    // Only update DOM when state actually changes
+    const prev = this.prevSafeAreaState;
+    const style = this.el.style;
+
+    if (extendsIntoTop !== prev.top) {
+      extendsIntoTop ? style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-top') : style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-top', '0px');
+      prev.top = extendsIntoTop;
+    }
+    if (extendsIntoBottom !== prev.bottom) {
+      extendsIntoBottom
+        ? style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-bottom')
+        : style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-bottom', '0px');
+      prev.bottom = extendsIntoBottom;
+    }
+    if (extendsIntoLeft !== prev.left) {
+      extendsIntoLeft ? style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-left') : style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-left', '0px');
+      prev.left = extendsIntoLeft;
+    }
+    if (extendsIntoRight !== prev.right) {
+      extendsIntoRight
+        ? style.removeProperty('--ion-safe-area-right')
+        : style.setProperty('--ion-safe-area-right', '0px');
+      prev.right = extendsIntoRight;
+    }
   }
 
   private sheetOnDismiss() {
@@ -862,9 +1192,13 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
       }
       this.cleanupViewTransitionListener();
       this.cleanupParentRemovalObserver();
+
+      this.cleanupChildRoutePassthrough();
     }
     this.currentBreakpoint = undefined;
     this.animation = undefined;
+    // Reset safe-area state for potential re-presentation
+    this.resetSafeAreaState();
 
     unlock();
 
@@ -1020,6 +1354,11 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
   }
 
   private handleViewTransition() {
+    // Only run view transitions when the modal is presented
+    if (!this.presented) {
+      return;
+    }
+
     const isPortrait = window.innerWidth < 768;
 
     // Only transition if view state actually changed
@@ -1183,6 +1522,20 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
       return;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Don't observe for controller-based modals or when the parent is the
+     * app root (document.body or ion-app). These parents won't be removed,
+     * and observing document.body with subtree: true causes performance
+     * issues with frameworks like Angular during change detection.
+     */
+    if (
+      this.hasController ||
+      this.cachedOriginalParent === document.body ||
+      this.cachedOriginalParent.tagName === 'ION-APP'
+    ) {
+      return;
+    }
+
     this.parentRemovalObserver = new MutationObserver((mutations) => {
       mutations.forEach((mutation) => {
         if (mutation.type === 'childList' && mutation.removedNodes.length > 0) {
@@ -1270,7 +1623,7 @@ export class Modal implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
           part="backdrop"
         />
 
-        {mode === 'ios' && <div class="modal-shadow"></div>}
+        {mode === 'ios' && <div class="modal-shadow" ref={(el) => (this.shadowEl = el)}></div>}
 
         <div
           /*

core/src/components/modal/test/basic/modal.e2e.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
-import { configs, test, Viewports } from '@utils/test/playwright';
 import type { E2EPage } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+import { configs, test, Viewports } from '@utils/test/playwright';
 
 configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
   test.describe(title('modal: focus trapping'), () => {
@@ -104,6 +104,28 @@ configs().forEach(({ title, screenshot, config }) => {
 });
 
 configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: parent removal observer'), () => {
+    test('should not set up parentRemovalObserver for controller-created modals', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'FW-6766',
+      });
+
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/basic', config);
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#basic-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      const modal = page.locator('ion-modal');
+      const hasObserver = await modal.evaluate((el: any) => {
+        return el.parentRemovalObserver !== undefined;
+      });
+
+      expect(hasObserver).toBe(false);
+    });
+  });
+
   test.describe(title('modal: backdrop'), () => {
     test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
       await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/basic', config);

core/src/components/modal/test/card-viewport-resize/modal.e2e.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import { configs, test } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('card modal: viewport resize'), () => {
+    test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+      // Start in portrait mode (mobile)
+      await page.setViewportSize({ width: 375, height: 667 });
+
+      await page.setContent(
+        `
+        <ion-app>
+          <div class="ion-page" id="main-page">
+            <ion-header>
+              <ion-toolbar>
+                <ion-title>Card Viewport Resize Test</ion-title>
+              </ion-toolbar>
+            </ion-header>
+            <ion-content class="ion-padding">
+              <p>This page tests that viewport resize does not trigger card modal animation when modal is closed.</p>
+              <ion-button id="open-modal">Open Card Modal</ion-button>
+              <ion-modal id="card-modal">
+                <ion-header>
+                  <ion-toolbar>
+                    <ion-title>Card Modal</ion-title>
+                    <ion-buttons slot="end">
+                      <ion-button id="close-modal">Close</ion-button>
+                    </ion-buttons>
+                  </ion-toolbar>
+                </ion-header>
+                <ion-content class="ion-padding">
+                  <p>Modal content</p>
+                </ion-content>
+              </ion-modal>
+            </ion-content>
+          </div>
+        </ion-app>
+
+        <script>
+          const modal = document.querySelector('#card-modal');
+          const mainPage = document.querySelector('#main-page');
+          modal.presentingElement = mainPage;
+
+          document.querySelector('#open-modal').addEventListener('click', () => {
+            modal.present();
+          });
+
+          document.querySelector('#close-modal').addEventListener('click', () => {
+            modal.dismiss();
+          });
+        </script>
+        `,
+        config
+      );
+    });
+
+    test('should not animate presenting element when viewport resizes and modal is closed', async ({
+      page,
+    }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://github.com/ionic-team/ionic-framework/issues/30679',
+      });
+
+      const mainPage = page.locator('#main-page');
+
+      // Verify the presenting element has no transform initially
+      const initialTransform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+        return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+      });
+      expect(initialTransform).toBe('none');
+
+      // Resize from portrait to landscape (crossing the 768px threshold)
+      await page.setViewportSize({ width: 900, height: 375 });
+
+      // Wait for the debounced resize handler (50ms) plus some buffer
+      await page.waitForTimeout(150);
+
+      // The presenting element should still have no transform
+      // If the bug exists, it would have scale(0.93) or similar applied
+      const afterResizeTransform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+        return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+      });
+      expect(afterResizeTransform).toBe('none');
+    });
+
+    test('should not animate presenting element when resizing multiple times with modal closed', async ({ page }) => {
+      const mainPage = page.locator('#main-page');
+
+      // Multiple resize cycles should not trigger the animation
+      for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+        // Portrait to landscape
+        await page.setViewportSize({ width: 900, height: 375 });
+        await page.waitForTimeout(150);
+
+        let transform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+          return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+        });
+        expect(transform).toBe('none');
+
+        // Landscape to portrait
+        await page.setViewportSize({ width: 375, height: 667 });
+        await page.waitForTimeout(150);
+
+        transform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+          return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+        });
+        expect(transform).toBe('none');
+      }
+    });
+
+    test('should still animate presenting element correctly when modal is open and viewport resizes', async ({
+      page,
+    }) => {
+      const mainPage = page.locator('#main-page');
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      // Open the modal
+      await page.click('#open-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // When modal is open in portrait, presenting element should be transformed
+      let transform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+        return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+      });
+      // The presenting element should have a scale transform when modal is open
+      expect(transform).not.toBe('none');
+
+      // Resize to landscape while modal is open
+      await page.setViewportSize({ width: 900, height: 375 });
+      await page.waitForTimeout(150);
+
+      // The modal transitions correctly - in landscape mode the presenting element
+      // should have different (or no) transform than portrait
+      transform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+        return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+      });
+
+      // Note: The exact transform depends on the landscape handling
+      // The main point is that when modal IS open, the transition should work
+      // This test just ensures we don't break existing functionality
+    });
+
+    test('presenting element should return to normal after modal is dismissed', async ({ page }) => {
+      const mainPage = page.locator('#main-page');
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+      const ionModalDidDismiss = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidDismiss');
+
+      // Open the modal
+      await page.click('#open-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Close the modal
+      await page.click('#close-modal');
+      await ionModalDidDismiss.next();
+
+      // Wait for animations to complete
+      await page.waitForTimeout(500);
+
+      // The presenting element should be back to normal
+      const transform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+        return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+      });
+      expect(transform).toBe('none');
+
+      // Now resize the viewport - should not trigger animation
+      await page.setViewportSize({ width: 900, height: 375 });
+      await page.waitForTimeout(150);
+
+      const afterResizeTransform = await mainPage.evaluate((el) => {
+        return window.getComputedStyle(el).transform;
+      });
+      expect(afterResizeTransform).toBe('none');
+    });
+  });
+});

core/src/components/modal/test/dismiss-behavior/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <title>Modal - Dismiss Behavior</title>
+    <meta
+      name="viewport"
+      content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"
+    />
+    <link href="../../../../../css/ionic.bundle.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+    <link href="../../../../../scripts/testing/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+    <script src="../../../../../scripts/testing/scripts.js"></script>
+    <script nomodule src="../../../../../dist/ionic/ionic.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="../../../../../dist/ionic/ionic.esm.js"></script>
+  </head>
+
+  <body>
+    <ion-app>
+      <div class="ion-page">
+        <ion-header>
+          <ion-toolbar>
+            <ion-title>Modal - Dismiss Behavior</ion-title>
+          </ion-toolbar>
+        </ion-header>
+
+        <ion-content class="ion-padding">
+          <button id="present-first-modal" onclick="presentFirstModal()">Present Modal</button>
+        </ion-content>
+      </div>
+    </ion-app>
+
+    <script type="module">
+      import { modalController } from '../../../../../dist/ionic/index.esm.js';
+
+      window.modalController = modalController;
+
+      const sharedId = 'shared-modal-id';
+      const maxModals = 5;
+      let modalCount = 0;
+
+      function createModalComponent(modalNumber) {
+        const element = document.createElement('div');
+        const canPresentNext = modalNumber < maxModals;
+        const presentNextButton = canPresentNext
+          ? `<ion-button id="present-next-modal" onclick="presentNextModal(${modalNumber + 1})">Present Modal ${
+              modalNumber + 1
+            }</ion-button>`
+          : '';
+        element.innerHTML = `
+          <ion-header>
+            <ion-toolbar>
+              <ion-title>Modal ${modalNumber}</ion-title>
+            </ion-toolbar>
+          </ion-header>
+          <ion-content class="ion-padding">
+            <p>This is modal number ${modalNumber}</p>
+            ${presentNextButton}
+            <ion-button class="dismiss-by-id">Dismiss By ID</ion-button>
+            <ion-button class="dismiss-default">Dismiss Default</ion-button>
+          </ion-content>
+        `;
+        return element;
+      }
+
+      window.presentFirstModal = async () => {
+        modalCount = 0;
+        await presentNextModal(1);
+      };
+
+      window.presentNextModal = async (modalNumber) => {
+        if (modalNumber > maxModals) {
+          return;
+        }
+        modalCount = Math.max(modalCount, modalNumber);
+        const element = createModalComponent(modalNumber);
+        const modal = await modalController.create({
+          component: element,
+          htmlAttributes: {
+            id: sharedId,
+            'data-testid': `modal-${modalNumber}`,
+          },
+        });
+        await modal.present();
+
+        const dismissByIdButton = element.querySelector('ion-button.dismiss-by-id');
+        dismissByIdButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
+          modalController.dismiss(undefined, undefined, sharedId);
+        });
+
+        const dismissDefaultButton = element.querySelector('ion-button.dismiss-default');
+        dismissDefaultButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
+          modalController.dismiss();
+        });
+      };
+    </script>
+  </body>
+</html>

core/src/components/modal/test/dismiss-behavior/modal.e2e.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import { configs, test } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: dismiss behavior'), () => {
+    test.describe(title('modal: default dismiss'), () => {
+      test('should dismiss the last presented modal when the default dismiss button is clicked', async ({ page }) => {
+        await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/dismiss-behavior', config);
+
+        const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+        const ionModalDidDismiss = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidDismiss');
+
+        await page.click('#present-first-modal');
+        await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+        const firstModal = page.locator('ion-modal[data-testid="modal-1"]');
+        await expect(firstModal).toBeVisible();
+
+        await page.click('#present-next-modal');
+        await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+        const secondModal = page.locator('ion-modal[data-testid="modal-2"]');
+        await expect(secondModal).toBeVisible();
+
+        await page.click('ion-modal[data-testid="modal-2"] ion-button.dismiss-default');
+        await ionModalDidDismiss.next();
+        await secondModal.waitFor({ state: 'detached' });
+
+        await expect(firstModal).toBeVisible();
+        await expect(secondModal).toBeHidden();
+      });
+    });
+
+    test.describe(title('modal: dismiss by id'), () => {
+      test('should dismiss the last presented modal when the dismiss by id button is clicked', async ({ page }) => {
+        await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/dismiss-behavior', config);
+
+        const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+        const ionModalDidDismiss = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidDismiss');
+
+        await page.click('#present-first-modal');
+        await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+        const firstModal = page.locator('ion-modal[data-testid="modal-1"]');
+        await expect(firstModal).toBeVisible();
+
+        await page.click('#present-next-modal');
+        await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+        const secondModal = page.locator('ion-modal[data-testid="modal-2"]');
+        await expect(secondModal).toBeVisible();
+
+        await page.click('ion-modal[data-testid="modal-2"] ion-button.dismiss-by-id');
+        await ionModalDidDismiss.next();
+        await secondModal.waitFor({ state: 'detached' });
+
+        await expect(firstModal).toBeVisible();
+        await expect(secondModal).toBeHidden();
+      });
+    });
+  });
+});

core/src/components/modal/test/modal-id.spec.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+import { h } from '@stencil/core';
 import { newSpecPage } from '@stencil/core/testing';
 
 import { Modal } from '../modal';
-import { h } from '@stencil/core';
 
 describe('modal: id', () => {
   it('modal should be assigned an incrementing id', async () => {
@@ -52,4 +52,21 @@ describe('modal: id', () => {
     const alert = page.body.querySelector('ion-modal')!;
     expect(alert.id).toBe(id);
   });
+
+  it('should allow multiple modals with the same id', async () => {
+    const sharedId = 'shared-modal-id';
+
+    const page = await newSpecPage({
+      components: [Modal],
+      template: () => [
+        <ion-modal id={sharedId} overlayIndex={1} is-open={true}></ion-modal>,
+        <ion-modal id={sharedId} overlayIndex={2} is-open={true}></ion-modal>,
+      ],
+    });
+
+    const modals = page.body.querySelectorAll('ion-modal');
+    expect(modals.length).toBe(2);
+    expect(modals[0].id).toBe(sharedId);
+    expect(modals[1].id).toBe(sharedId);
+  });
 });

core/src/components/modal/test/safe-area/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <title>Modal - Safe Area</title>
+    <meta
+      name="viewport"
+      content="viewport-fit=cover, width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"
+    />
+    <link href="../../../../../css/ionic.bundle.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+    <link href="../../../../../scripts/testing/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+    <script src="../../../../../scripts/testing/scripts.js"></script>
+    <script nomodule src="../../../../../dist/ionic/ionic.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="../../../../../dist/ionic/ionic.esm.js"></script>
+    <style>
+      /**
+       * Simulate safe-area insets for testing.
+       * Values represent combined scenarios: top/bottom from portrait devices,
+       * left/right from landscape orientation or devices with side notches.
+       */
+      :root {
+        --ion-safe-area-top: 44px;
+        --ion-safe-area-bottom: 34px;
+        --ion-safe-area-left: 44px;
+        --ion-safe-area-right: 44px;
+      }
+
+      .fullscreen-modal {
+        --width: 100%;
+        --height: 100%;
+      }
+
+      /* Visual indicators for safe areas */
+      .safe-area-indicator {
+        position: fixed;
+        background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.2);
+        pointer-events: none;
+        z-index: 99999;
+      }
+
+      .safe-area-top {
+        top: 0;
+        left: 0;
+        right: 0;
+        height: var(--ion-safe-area-top);
+      }
+
+      .safe-area-bottom {
+        bottom: 0;
+        left: 0;
+        right: 0;
+        height: var(--ion-safe-area-bottom);
+      }
+
+      .safe-area-left {
+        top: 0;
+        bottom: 0;
+        left: 0;
+        width: var(--ion-safe-area-left);
+      }
+
+      .safe-area-right {
+        top: 0;
+        bottom: 0;
+        right: 0;
+        width: var(--ion-safe-area-right);
+      }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+
+  <body>
+    <!-- Visual indicators for safe areas (red overlay) -->
+    <div class="safe-area-indicator safe-area-top"></div>
+    <div class="safe-area-indicator safe-area-bottom"></div>
+    <div class="safe-area-indicator safe-area-left"></div>
+    <div class="safe-area-indicator safe-area-right"></div>
+
+    <ion-app>
+      <div class="ion-page" id="main-page">
+        <ion-header>
+          <ion-toolbar>
+            <ion-title>Modal - Safe Area</ion-title>
+          </ion-toolbar>
+        </ion-header>
+
+        <ion-content class="ion-padding">
+          <p>Test safe-area handling in modals. Red overlays indicate safe areas (top, bottom, left, right).</p>
+          <p>
+            <strong>Landscape simulation:</strong> Left and right safe areas are set to 44px to test devices with side
+            notches.
+          </p>
+
+          <ion-list>
+            <ion-item-group>
+              <ion-item-divider>
+                <ion-label>With Footer</ion-label>
+              </ion-item-divider>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Default Modal</h2>
+                  <p>Centered dialog on tablet - should NOT have safe-area padding</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="default-modal" onclick="presentDefaultModal()">Present</ion-button>
+              </ion-item>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Fullscreen Modal</h2>
+                  <p>Full screen - footer handles safe-area</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="fullscreen-modal" onclick="presentFullscreenModal()">Present</ion-button>
+              </ion-item>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Sheet Modal (Partial)</h2>
+                  <p>At 0.5 breakpoint - should have bottom safe-area only</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="sheet-modal-partial" onclick="presentSheetModalPartial()"
+                  >Present</ion-button
+                >
+              </ion-item>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Sheet Modal (Full)</h2>
+                  <p>At 1.0 breakpoint - should have bottom safe-area</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="sheet-modal-full" onclick="presentSheetModalFull()">Present</ion-button>
+              </ion-item>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Card Modal (iOS)</h2>
+                  <p>Card presentation with presentingElement</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="card-modal" onclick="presentCardModal()">Present</ion-button>
+              </ion-item>
+            </ion-item-group>
+
+            <ion-item-group>
+              <ion-item-divider>
+                <ion-label>Without Footer (wrapper padding)</ion-label>
+              </ion-item-divider>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Fullscreen Modal (no footer)</h2>
+                  <p>Wrapper padding should prevent content overlap</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="fullscreen-no-footer" onclick="presentFullscreenNoFooter()"
+                  >Present</ion-button
+                >
+              </ion-item>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Card Modal (no footer)</h2>
+                  <p>On phones, wrapper padding should prevent content overlap</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="card-modal-no-footer" onclick="presentCardModalNoFooter()"
+                  >Present</ion-button
+                >
+              </ion-item>
+
+              <ion-item>
+                <ion-label>
+                  <h2>Default Modal (no footer)</h2>
+                  <p>On phones, wrapper padding should prevent content overlap</p>
+                </ion-label>
+                <ion-button slot="end" id="default-no-footer" onclick="presentDefaultNoFooter()">Present</ion-button>
+              </ion-item>
+            </ion-item-group>
+          </ion-list>
+        </ion-content>
+      </div>
+    </ion-app>
+
+    <script>
+      function createModalContent(title, includeFooter = true) {
+        const element = document.createElement('div');
+        const footerHtml = includeFooter
+          ? `
+          <ion-footer>
+            <ion-toolbar>
+              <ion-title>Footer</ion-title>
+            </ion-toolbar>
+          </ion-footer>
+        `
+          : '';
+
+        // Create multiple items to ensure scrollable content
+        const items = Array.from(
+          { length: 20 },
+          (_, i) => `
+          <ion-item>
+            <ion-label>Item ${i + 1}</ion-label>
+          </ion-item>
+        `
+        ).join('');
+
+        element.innerHTML = `
+          <ion-header>
+            <ion-toolbar>
+              <ion-title>${title}</ion-title>
+              <ion-buttons slot="end">
+                <ion-button class="dismiss" onclick="dismissModal()">Close</ion-button>
+              </ion-buttons>
+            </ion-toolbar>
+          </ion-header>
+          <ion-content class="ion-padding">
+            <h1>Modal Content</h1>
+            <p>This modal tests safe-area handling.</p>
+            <ion-list>
+              ${items}
+            </ion-list>
+            <p class="last-item">Last item - should not overlap safe area</p>
+          </ion-content>
+          ${footerHtml}
+        `;
+        return element;
+      }
+
+      let currentModal = null;
+
+      async function dismissModal() {
+        if (currentModal) {
+          await currentModal.dismiss();
+          currentModal = null;
+        }
+      }
+
+      async function presentDefaultModal() {
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Default Modal'),
+        });
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+
+      async function presentFullscreenModal() {
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Fullscreen Modal'),
+        });
+        currentModal.classList.add('fullscreen-modal');
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+
+      async function presentSheetModalPartial() {
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Sheet Modal (Partial)'),
+          initialBreakpoint: 0.5,
+          breakpoints: [0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1],
+        });
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+
+      async function presentSheetModalFull() {
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Sheet Modal (Full)'),
+          initialBreakpoint: 1,
+          breakpoints: [0, 0.5, 1],
+        });
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+
+      async function presentCardModal() {
+        const presentingElement = document.getElementById('main-page');
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Card Modal'),
+          presentingElement: presentingElement,
+        });
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+
+      // Modals without footer - test wrapper padding
+      async function presentFullscreenNoFooter() {
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Fullscreen (No Footer)', false),
+        });
+        currentModal.classList.add('fullscreen-modal');
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+
+      async function presentCardModalNoFooter() {
+        const presentingElement = document.getElementById('main-page');
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Card Modal (No Footer)', false),
+          presentingElement: presentingElement,
+        });
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+
+      async function presentDefaultNoFooter() {
+        currentModal = Object.assign(document.createElement('ion-modal'), {
+          component: createModalContent('Default (No Footer)', false),
+        });
+        document.body.appendChild(currentModal);
+        await currentModal.present();
+      }
+    </script>
+  </body>
+</html>

core/src/components/modal/test/safe-area/modal.e2e.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import type { E2EPage } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+import { configs, test, Viewports } from '@utils/test/playwright';
+
+/**
+ * Safe-area tests verify that modals correctly handle safe-area insets
+ * based on modal type and screen size.
+ *
+ * These tests use simulated safe-area values set in index.html:
+ * - Top: 44px, Bottom: 34px, Left: 44px, Right: 44px
+ *
+ * The test HTML includes red visual indicators for all safe areas to
+ * verify modal content doesn't overlap unsafe regions.
+ */
+
+// Helper to get the modal wrapper's computed padding-bottom
+async function getWrapperPaddingBottom(page: E2EPage): Promise<string> {
+  const modal = page.locator('ion-modal');
+  return modal.evaluate((el: HTMLIonModalElement) => {
+    const wrapper = el.shadowRoot?.querySelector('.modal-wrapper');
+    if (!wrapper) return '0px';
+    return getComputedStyle(wrapper).paddingBottom;
+  });
+}
+
+// Helper to check if modal has a footer
+async function modalHasFooter(page: E2EPage): Promise<boolean> {
+  const modal = page.locator('ion-modal');
+  return modal.evaluate((el: HTMLIonModalElement) => {
+    return el.querySelector('ion-footer') !== null;
+  });
+}
+
+// Phone viewport (less than 768px width)
+const PhoneViewport = { width: 390, height: 844 };
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Phone Tests - Fullscreen modals need wrapper padding when no footer
+// =============================================================================
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios', 'md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area - phone'), () => {
+    test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(PhoneViewport);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+    });
+
+    test('fullscreen modal without footer should have wrapper padding', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#fullscreen-no-footer');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      const hasFooter = await modalHasFooter(page);
+      expect(hasFooter).toBe(false);
+
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      // Should have safe-area padding (34px as set in test HTML)
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('34px');
+    });
+
+    test('fullscreen modal with footer should not have wrapper padding', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#fullscreen-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      const hasFooter = await modalHasFooter(page);
+      expect(hasFooter).toBe(true);
+
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      // Footer handles safe-area, wrapper should have no padding
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('0px');
+    });
+
+    test('default modal without footer should have wrapper padding on phone', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#default-no-footer');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // On phones, default modals are fullscreen
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('34px');
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area - card modal on phone'), () => {
+    test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(PhoneViewport);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+    });
+
+    test('card modal without footer should have wrapper padding on phone', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#card-modal-no-footer');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Card modals on phones still extend to bottom edge
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('34px');
+    });
+
+    test('card modal with footer should not have wrapper padding', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#card-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('0px');
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Tablet Tests - Centered dialogs don't need safe-area, fullscreen does
+// =============================================================================
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios', 'md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area - tablet'), () => {
+    test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(Viewports.tablet.portrait);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+    });
+
+    test('default modal should not have wrapper padding on tablet', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#default-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Centered dialog on tablet - inset from edges, no padding needed
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('0px');
+    });
+
+    test('fullscreen modal without footer should have wrapper padding on tablet', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#fullscreen-no-footer');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('34px');
+    });
+
+    test('fullscreen modal with footer should not have wrapper padding', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#fullscreen-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('0px');
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area - card modal on tablet'), () => {
+    test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(Viewports.tablet.portrait);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+    });
+
+    test('card modal should not have wrapper padding on tablet', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#card-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Card modals on tablets are inset from all edges
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('0px');
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Sheet Modal Tests - Always touch bottom edge
+// =============================================================================
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios', 'md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area - sheet modal'), () => {
+    test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(Viewports.tablet.portrait);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+    });
+
+    test('sheet modal should not have wrapper padding (footer handles safe-area)', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+      testInfo.annotations.push({
+        type: 'issue',
+        description: 'https://outsystemsrd.atlassian.net/browse/FW-6830',
+      });
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#sheet-modal-full');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Sheet modals with footer - footer handles the safe area
+      const paddingBottom = await getWrapperPaddingBottom(page);
+      expect(paddingBottom).toBe('0px');
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+// Landscape viewport simulates devices with side notches or landscape orientation
+const LandscapeViewport = { width: 844, height: 390 };
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios', 'md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, screenshot, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area screenshots'), () => {
+    test('fullscreen modal should not overlap safe areas in landscape', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(LandscapeViewport);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#fullscreen-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Red overlays show safe areas - modal content should not overlap them
+      await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot(screenshot('modal-safe-area-fullscreen-landscape'));
+    });
+
+    test('fullscreen modal without footer should show wrapper padding in landscape', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(LandscapeViewport);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#fullscreen-no-footer');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Without footer, wrapper padding prevents content from overlapping bottom safe area
+      await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot(screenshot('modal-safe-area-fullscreen-no-footer-landscape'));
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios', 'md'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, screenshot, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area screenshots - tablet'), () => {
+    test('centered dialog should be inset from all safe areas', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(Viewports.tablet.portrait);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#default-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      // Centered dialog should not touch any edges or safe areas
+      await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot(screenshot('modal-safe-area-centered-tablet'));
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+configs({ modes: ['ios'], directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ title, screenshot, config }) => {
+  test.describe(title('modal: safe-area screenshots - card modal'), () => {
+    test('card modal should handle safe areas correctly in landscape', async ({ page }) => {
+      await page.setViewportSize(LandscapeViewport);
+      await page.goto('/src/components/modal/test/safe-area', config);
+
+      const ionModalDidPresent = await page.spyOnEvent('ionModalDidPresent');
+
+      await page.click('#card-modal');
+      await ionModalDidPresent.next();
+
+      await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot(screenshot('modal-safe-area-card-landscape'));
+    });
+  });
+});

core/src/components/popover/animations/ios.enter.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,12 @@ import {
 } from '../utils';
 
 const POPOVER_IOS_BODY_PADDING = 5;
+/**
+ * Extra margin around viewport edges for safe area detection.
+ * When popover is within this distance of an edge, safe area
+ * CSS variables will be applied to prevent overlap with system UI.
+ */
+const POPOVER_IOS_SAFE_AREA_MARGIN = 25;
 
 /**
  * iOS Popover Enter Animation
@@ -53,7 +59,7 @@ export const iosEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
   );
 
   const padding = size === 'cover' ? 0 : POPOVER_IOS_BODY_PADDING;
-  const margin = size === 'cover' ? 0 : 25;
+  const margin = size === 'cover' ? 0 : POPOVER_IOS_SAFE_AREA_MARGIN;
 
   const {
     originX,
@@ -61,11 +67,14 @@ export const iosEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
     top,
     left,
     bottom,
+    checkSafeAreaTop,
+    checkSafeAreaBottom,
     checkSafeAreaLeft,
     checkSafeAreaRight,
     arrowTop,
     arrowLeft,
     addPopoverBottomClass,
+    isFullyConstrained,
   } = calculateWindowAdjustment(
     side,
     results.top,
@@ -84,8 +93,37 @@ export const iosEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
     arrowHeight
   );
 
+  /**
+   * Safe area CSS variable adjustments.
+   * When the popover is positioned near an edge, we add the corresponding
+   * safe-area inset to ensure the popover doesn't overlap with system UI
+   * (status bars, home indicators, navigation bars on Android API 36+, etc.)
+   */
+  const safeAreaTop = ' + var(--ion-safe-area-top, 0px)';
+  const safeAreaBottom = ' + var(--ion-safe-area-bottom, 0px)';
+  const safeAreaLeft = ' + var(--ion-safe-area-left, 0px)';
+  const safeAreaRight = ' - var(--ion-safe-area-right, 0px)';
+
+  let topValue = `${top}px`;
+  let bottomValue = bottom !== undefined ? `${bottom}px` : undefined;
+  let leftValue = `${left}px`;
+
+  if (checkSafeAreaTop) {
+    topValue = `${top}px${safeAreaTop}`;
+  }
+  if (checkSafeAreaBottom && bottomValue !== undefined) {
+    bottomValue = `${bottom}px${safeAreaBottom}`;
+  }
+  if (checkSafeAreaLeft) {
+    leftValue = `${left}px${safeAreaLeft}`;
+  }
+  if (checkSafeAreaRight) {
+    leftValue = `${left}px${safeAreaRight}`;
+  }
+
   const baseAnimation = createAnimation();
   const backdropAnimation = createAnimation();
+  const arrowAnimation = createAnimation();
   const contentAnimation = createAnimation();
 
   backdropAnimation
@@ -100,11 +138,42 @@ export const iosEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
   // The Chromium team stated that this behavior is expected and not a bug. The element animating opacity creates a backdrop root for the backdrop-filter.
   // To get around this, instead of animating the wrapper, animate both the arrow and content.
   // https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1148826
-  contentAnimation
-    .addElement(root.querySelector('.popover-arrow')!)
-    .addElement(root.querySelector('.popover-content')!)
-    .fromTo('opacity', 0.01, 1);
   // TODO(FW-4376) Ensure that arrow also blurs when translucent
+  if (arrowEl !== null) {
+    arrowAnimation.addElement(arrowEl).fromTo('opacity', 0.01, 1);
+  }
+
+  contentAnimation
+    .addElement(contentEl)
+    .beforeAddWrite(() => {
+      contentEl.style.setProperty('top', `calc(${topValue} + var(--offset-y, 0px))`);
+      contentEl.style.setProperty('left', `calc(${leftValue} + var(--offset-x, 0px))`);
+      contentEl.style.setProperty('transform-origin', `${originY} ${originX}`);
+
+      if (bottomValue !== undefined) {
+        contentEl.style.setProperty('bottom', `calc(${bottomValue})`);
+        /**
+         * When both top and bottom are explicitly constrained (isFullyConstrained),
+         * we need to explicitly calculate the height to ensure the popover
+         * fits within the safe area boundaries.
+         *
+         * Using CSS calc with 100vh minus top and bottom values ensures the
+         * popover height respects both safe areas. We also override max-height
+         * to prevent it from interfering with the calculated height.
+         */
+        if (isFullyConstrained) {
+          /**
+           * Wrap topValue and bottomValue in parentheses to ensure correct
+           * order of operations in the CSS calc. Without parentheses, the
+           * safe-area additions would have wrong signs.
+           */
+          const heightCalc = `calc(100vh - (${topValue}) - (${bottomValue}) - var(--offset-y, 0px))`;
+          contentEl.style.setProperty('height', heightCalc);
+          contentEl.style.setProperty('max-height', heightCalc);
+        }
+      }
+    })
+    .fromTo('opacity', 0.01, 1);
 
   return baseAnimation
     .easing('ease')
@@ -118,37 +187,21 @@ export const iosEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
         baseEl.classList.add('popover-bottom');
       }
 
-      if (bottom !== undefined) {
-        contentEl.style.setProperty('bottom', `${bottom}px`);
-      }
-
-      const safeAreaLeft = ' + var(--ion-safe-area-left, 0)';
-      const safeAreaRight = ' - var(--ion-safe-area-right, 0)';
-
-      let leftValue = `${left}px`;
-
-      if (checkSafeAreaLeft) {
-        leftValue = `${left}px${safeAreaLeft}`;
-      }
-      if (checkSafeAreaRight) {
-        leftValue = `${left}px${safeAreaRight}`;
-      }
-
-      contentEl.style.setProperty('top', `calc(${top}px + var(--offset-y, 0))`);
-      contentEl.style.setProperty('left', `calc(${leftValue} + var(--offset-x, 0))`);
-      contentEl.style.setProperty('transform-origin', `${originY} ${originX}`);
-
       if (arrowEl !== null) {
         const didAdjustBounds = results.top !== top || results.left !== left;
-        const showArrow = shouldShowArrow(side, didAdjustBounds, ev, trigger);
+        /**
+         * Hide the arrow when the popover is fully constrained to the viewport
+         * because it cannot accurately point to the trigger in this case.
+         */
+        const showArrow = shouldShowArrow(side, didAdjustBounds, ev, trigger) && !isFullyConstrained;
 
         if (showArrow) {
-          arrowEl.style.setProperty('top', `calc(${arrowTop}px + var(--offset-y, 0))`);
-          arrowEl.style.setProperty('left', `calc(${arrowLeft}px + var(--offset-x, 0))`);
+          arrowEl.style.setProperty('top', `calc(${arrowTop}px + var(--offset-y, 0px))`);
+          arrowEl.style.setProperty('left', `calc(${arrowLeft}px + var(--offset-x, 0px))`);
         } else {
           arrowEl.style.setProperty('display', 'none');
         }
       }
     })
-    .addAnimation([backdropAnimation, contentAnimation]);
+    .addAnimation([backdropAnimation, arrowAnimation, contentAnimation]);
 };

core/src/components/popover/animations/md.enter.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ import type { Animation } from '../../../interface';
 import { calculateWindowAdjustment, getPopoverDimensions, getPopoverPosition } from '../utils';
 
 const POPOVER_MD_BODY_PADDING = 12;
+/**
+ * Extra margin around viewport edges for safe area detection.
+ * When popover is within this distance of an edge, safe area
+ * CSS variables will be applied to prevent overlap with system UI.
+ */
+const POPOVER_MD_SAFE_AREA_MARGIN = 25;
 
 /**
  * Md Popover Enter Animation
@@ -47,7 +53,20 @@ export const mdEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
 
   const padding = size === 'cover' ? 0 : POPOVER_MD_BODY_PADDING;
 
-  const { originX, originY, top, left, bottom } = calculateWindowAdjustment(
+  const margin = size === 'cover' ? 0 : POPOVER_MD_SAFE_AREA_MARGIN;
+
+  const {
+    originX,
+    originY,
+    top,
+    left,
+    bottom,
+    checkSafeAreaTop,
+    checkSafeAreaBottom,
+    checkSafeAreaLeft,
+    checkSafeAreaRight,
+    isFullyConstrained,
+  } = calculateWindowAdjustment(
     side,
     results.top,
     results.left,
@@ -56,12 +75,40 @@ export const mdEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
     bodyHeight,
     contentWidth,
     contentHeight,
-    0,
+    margin,
     results.originX,
     results.originY,
     results.referenceCoordinates
   );
 
+  /**
+   * Safe area CSS variable adjustments.
+   * When the popover is positioned near an edge, we add the corresponding
+   * safe-area inset to ensure the popover doesn't overlap with system UI
+   * (status bars, home indicators, navigation bars on Android API 36+, etc.)
+   */
+  const safeAreaTop = ' + var(--ion-safe-area-top, 0)';
+  const safeAreaBottom = ' + var(--ion-safe-area-bottom, 0)';
+  const safeAreaLeft = ' + var(--ion-safe-area-left, 0)';
+  const safeAreaRight = ' - var(--ion-safe-area-right, 0)';
+
+  let topValue = `${top}px`;
+  let bottomValue = bottom !== undefined ? `${bottom}px` : undefined;
+  let leftValue = `${left}px`;
+
+  if (checkSafeAreaTop) {
+    topValue = `${top}px${safeAreaTop}`;
+  }
+  if (checkSafeAreaBottom && bottomValue !== undefined) {
+    bottomValue = `${bottom}px${safeAreaBottom}`;
+  }
+  if (checkSafeAreaLeft) {
+    leftValue = `${left}px${safeAreaLeft}`;
+  }
+  if (checkSafeAreaRight) {
+    leftValue = `${left}px${safeAreaRight}`;
+  }
+
   const baseAnimation = createAnimation();
   const backdropAnimation = createAnimation();
   const wrapperAnimation = createAnimation();
@@ -81,13 +128,32 @@ export const mdEnterAnimation = (baseEl: HTMLElement, opts?: any): Animation =>
   contentAnimation
     .addElement(contentEl)
     .beforeStyles({
-      top: `calc(${top}px + var(--offset-y, 0px))`,
-      left: `calc(${left}px + var(--offset-x, 0px))`,
+      top: `calc(${topValue} + var(--offset-y, 0px))`,
+      left: `calc(${leftValue} + var(--offset-x, 0px))`,
       'transform-origin': `${originY} ${originX}`,
     })
     .beforeAddWrite(() => {
-      if (bottom !== undefined) {
-        contentEl.style.setProperty('bottom', `${bottom}px`);
+      if (bottomValue !== undefined) {
+        contentEl.style.setProperty('bottom', `calc(${bottomValue})`);
+        /**
+         * When both top and bottom are explicitly constrained (isFullyConstrained),
+         * we need to explicitly calculate the height to ensure the popover
+         * fits within the safe area boundaries.
+         *
+         * Using CSS calc with 100vh minus top and bottom values ensures the
+         * popover height respects both safe areas. We also override max-height
+         * to prevent it from interfering with the calculated height.
+         */
+        if (isFullyConstrained) {
+          /**
+           * Wrap topValue and bottomValue in parentheses to ensure correct
+           * order of operations in the CSS calc. Without parentheses, the
+           * safe-area additions would have wrong signs.
+           */
+          const heightCalc = `calc(100vh - (${topValue}) - (${bottomValue}) - var(--offset-y, 0px))`;
+          contentEl.style.setProperty('height', heightCalc);
+          contentEl.style.setProperty('max-height', heightCalc);
+        }
       }
     })
     .fromTo('transform', 'scale(0.8)', 'scale(1)');

core/src/components/popover/popover.tsx

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ export class Popover implements ComponentInterface, PopoverInterface {
   private destroyTriggerInteraction?: () => void;
   private destroyKeyboardInteraction?: () => void;
   private destroyDismissInteraction?: () => void;
+  private headerResizeObserver?: ResizeObserver;
 
   private inline = false;
   private workingDelegate?: FrameworkDelegate;
@@ -361,6 +362,11 @@ export class Popover implements ComponentInterface, PopoverInterface {
     if (destroyTriggerInteraction) {
       destroyTriggerInteraction();
     }
+
+    if (this.headerResizeObserver) {
+      this.headerResizeObserver.disconnect();
+      this.headerResizeObserver = undefined;
+    }
   }
 
   componentWillLoad() {
@@ -491,6 +497,8 @@ export class Popover implements ComponentInterface, PopoverInterface {
       inline
     );
 
+    this.recalculateContentOnHeaderReady();
+
     if (!this.keyboardEvents) {
       this.configureKeyboardInteraction();
     }
@@ -540,6 +548,39 @@ export class Popover implements ComponentInterface, PopoverInterface {
     unlock();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Watch the header for height changes and trigger content dimension
+   * recalculation when the header has a height > 0. This sets the offset-top
+   * of the content to the height of the header correctly.
+   */
+  private recalculateContentOnHeaderReady() {
+    const popoverContent = this.el.shadowRoot?.querySelector('.popover-content');
+    if (!popoverContent) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const contentContainer = this.usersElement || popoverContent;
+
+    const header = contentContainer.querySelector('ion-header') as HTMLElement | null;
+    const contentElements = contentContainer.querySelectorAll('ion-content');
+
+    if (!header || contentElements.length === 0) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this.headerResizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(async () => {
+      if (header.offsetHeight > 0) {
+        this.headerResizeObserver?.disconnect();
+        this.headerResizeObserver = undefined;
+        for (const contentEl of contentElements) {
+          await contentEl.recalculateDimensions();
+        }
+      }
+    });
+
+    this.headerResizeObserver.observe(header);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Dismiss the popover overlay after it has been presented.
    * This is a no-op if the overlay has not been presented yet. If you want