fix(alert): change focused element and improve keyboard navigation (#30220)

Issue number: internal

## What is the current behavior?
> Once Alert gets open the focusable element was the ion-alert itself.
> <img width="279" alt="Screenshot 2025-02-27 at 18 07 19"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/50ad3b75-ba32-4dd1-b17e-c5a5bf16f93b"
/>


## What is the new behavior?
In order to mimick native alert a11y behaviour...

Changed the focused element based on the amount of existing buttons.
> If there is only 1 button, it should be that one focused
> <img width="304" alt="Screenshot 2025-02-27 at 18 04 52"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e273f65a-5347-4a29-a156-f6e57852f0dc"
/>

> Otherwise it should focus the `.alert-wrapper` container
> <img width="284" alt="Screenshot 2025-02-27 at 18 05 02"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4a8507f3-a31f-40b9-8cd7-478ec881e3ed"
/>
>
> **NOTE**: The yellow outline it's just for demo purposes, it was not
implemented 🤪


## Does this introduce a breaking change?

- [ ] Yes
- [X] No


## Other information
- Also updated support to the shiftTab keyboard navigation.
- Updated tests and screenshots with the latest changes.

---------

Co-authored-by: Maria Hutt <thetaPC@users.noreply.github.com>

core/src/components/alert/alert.tsx

@@ -237,6 +237,18 @@ export class Alert implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
       return;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Ensure when alert container is being focused, and the user presses the tab + shift keys, the focus will be set to the last alert button.
+     */
+    if (ev.target.classList.contains('alert-wrapper')) {
+      if (ev.key === 'Tab' && ev.shiftKey) {
+        ev.preventDefault();
+        const lastChildBtn = this.wrapperEl?.querySelector('.alert-button:last-child') as HTMLButtonElement;
+        lastChildBtn.focus();
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
     // The only inputs we want to navigate between using arrow keys are the radios
     // ignore the keydown event if it is not on a radio button
     if (
@@ -400,7 +412,19 @@ export class Alert implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
 
     await this.delegateController.attachViewToDom();
 
-    await present(this, 'alertEnter', iosEnterAnimation, mdEnterAnimation);
+    await present(this, 'alertEnter', iosEnterAnimation, mdEnterAnimation).then(() => {
+      /**
+       * Check if alert has only one button and no inputs.
+       * If so, then focus on the button. Otherwise, focus the alert wrapper.
+       * This will map to the default native alert behavior.
+       */
+      if (this.buttons.length === 1 && this.inputs.length === 0) {
+        const queryBtn = this.wrapperEl?.querySelector('.alert-button') as HTMLButtonElement;
+        queryBtn.focus();
+      } else {
+        this.wrapperEl?.focus();
+      }
+    });
 
     unlock();
   }
@@ -725,8 +749,8 @@ export class Alert implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
     const { overlayIndex, header, subHeader, message, htmlAttributes } = this;
     const mode = getIonMode(this);
     const hdrId = `alert-${overlayIndex}-hdr`;
-    const subHdrId = `alert-${overlayIndex}-sub-hdr`;
     const msgId = `alert-${overlayIndex}-msg`;
+    const subHdrId = `alert-${overlayIndex}-sub-hdr`;
     const role = this.inputs.length > 0 || this.buttons.length > 0 ? 'alertdialog' : 'alert';
 
     /**
@@ -739,12 +763,7 @@ export class Alert implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
 
     return (
       <Host
-        role={role}
-        aria-modal="true"
-        aria-labelledby={ariaLabelledBy}
-        aria-describedby={message !== undefined ? msgId : null}
         tabindex="-1"
-        {...(htmlAttributes as any)}
         style={{
           zIndex: `${20000 + overlayIndex}`,
         }}
@@ -761,7 +780,16 @@ export class Alert implements ComponentInterface, OverlayInterface {
 
         <div tabindex="0" aria-hidden="true"></div>
 
-        <div class="alert-wrapper ion-overlay-wrapper" ref={(el) => (this.wrapperEl = el)}>
+        <div
+          class="alert-wrapper ion-overlay-wrapper"
+          role={role}
+          aria-modal="true"
+          aria-labelledby={ariaLabelledBy}
+          aria-describedby={message !== undefined ? msgId : null}
+          tabindex="0"
+          ref={(el) => (this.wrapperEl = el)}
+          {...(htmlAttributes as any)}
+        >
           <div class="alert-head">
             {header && (
               <h2 id={hdrId} class="alert-title">

core/src/components/alert/test/a11y/alert.e2e.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ const testAria = async (
   await didPresent.next();
 
   const alert = page.locator('ion-alert');
+  const alertwrapper = alert.locator('.alert-wrapper');
 
   const header = alert.locator('.alert-title');
   const subHeader = alert.locator('.alert-sub-title');
@@ -42,8 +43,8 @@ const testAria = async (
    * expect().toHaveAttribute() can't check for a null value, so grab and check
    * the values manually instead.
    */
-  const ariaLabelledBy = await alert.getAttribute('aria-labelledby');
-  const ariaDescribedBy = await alert.getAttribute('aria-describedby');
+  const ariaLabelledBy = await alertwrapper.getAttribute('aria-labelledby');
+  const ariaDescribedBy = await alertwrapper.getAttribute('aria-describedby');
 
   expect(ariaLabelledBy).toBe(expectedAriaLabelledBy);
   expect(ariaDescribedBy).toBe(expectedAriaDescribedBy);

core/src/components/alert/test/alert-id.spec.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+import { h } from '@stencil/core';
 import { newSpecPage } from '@stencil/core/testing';
 
 import { Alert } from '../alert';
-import { h } from '@stencil/core';
 
 describe('alert: id', () => {
   it('alert should be assigned an incrementing id', async () => {
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ describe('alert: id', () => {
       template: () => <ion-alert htmlAttributes={{ id }} overlayIndex={-1}></ion-alert>,
     });
 
-    const alert = page.body.querySelector('ion-alert')!;
-    expect(alert.id).toBe(id);
+    const alertwrapper = page.body.querySelector('.alert-wrapper')!;
+    expect(alertwrapper.id).toBe(id);
   });
 });

core/src/components/alert/test/basic/alert.e2e.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ config, screenshot, title }) => {
       await page.keyboard.press(tabKey);
       await expect(alertBtns.nth(0)).toBeFocused();
 
+      await page.keyboard.press(`Shift+${tabKey}`); // this will focus the alert-wrapper
       await page.keyboard.press(`Shift+${tabKey}`);
       await expect(alertBtns.nth(2)).toBeFocused();
 
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ configs({ directions: ['ltr'] }).forEach(({ config, screenshot, title }) => {
       const alertFixture = new AlertFixture(page, screenshot);
 
       const alert = await alertFixture.open('#basic');
-      await expect(alert).toHaveAttribute('data-testid', 'basic-alert');
+      await expect(alert.locator('.alert-wrapper')).toHaveAttribute('data-testid', 'basic-alert');
     });
 
     test('should dismiss when async handler resolves', async ({ page }) => {