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306 lines
25 KiB
Markdown
306 lines
25 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Select
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lang: en-US
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---
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# Select
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When there are plenty of options, use a drop-down menu to display and select desired ones.
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:::tip
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After version ^(2.5.0), the default width of `el-select` changed to `100%`. When used in a inline form, the width will collapse. In order to display the width properly, you need to give `el-select` a specific width (eg: [Example](https://github.com/element-plus/element-plus/issues/15834#issuecomment-1936919229)) .
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:::
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:::tip
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This component requires the `<client-only></client-only>` wrap when used in SSR (eg: [Nuxt](https://nuxt.com/v3)) and SSG (eg: [VitePress](https://vitepress.vuejs.org/)).
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:::
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## Basic usage
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:::demo `v-model` is the value of `el-option` that is currently selected.
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select/basic-usage
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:::
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## Disabled option
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:::demo Set the value of `disabled` in `el-option` to `true` to disable this option.
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select/disabled-option
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:::
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## Disabled select
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Disable the whole component.
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:::demo Set `disabled` of `el-select` to make it disabled.
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select/disabled
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:::
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## Clearable single select
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You can clear Select using a clear icon.
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:::demo Set `clearable` attribute for `el-select` and a clear icon will appear. Note that `clearable` is only for single select.
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select/clearable
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:::
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## Basic multiple select
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Multiple select uses tags to display selected options.
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:::demo Set `multiple` attribute for `el-select` to enable multiple mode. In this case, the value of `v-model` will be an array of selected options. By default the selected options will be displayed as Tags. You can collapse them to a text by using `collapse-tags` attribute. You can check them when mouse hover collapse text by using `collapse-tags-tooltip` attribute.
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select/multiple
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:::
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## Custom template
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You can customize HTML templates for options.
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:::demo Insert customized HTML templates into the slot of `el-option`.
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select/custom-template
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:::
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## Header of the dropdown ^(2.4.3)
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You can customize the header of the dropdown.
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:::demo Use slot to customize the content.
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select/custom-header
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:::
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## Footer of the dropdown ^(2.4.3)
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You can customize the footer of the dropdown.
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:::demo Use slot to customize the content.
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select/custom-footer
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:::
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## Grouping
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Display options in groups.
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:::demo Use `el-option-group` to group the options, and its `label` attribute stands for the name of the group.
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select/grouping
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:::
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## Option filtering
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You can filter options for your desired ones.
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:::demo Adding `filterable` to `el-select` enables filtering. By default, Select will find all the options whose `label` attribute contains the input value. If you prefer other filtering strategies, you can pass the `filter-method`. `filter-method` is a `Function` that gets called when the input value changes, and its parameter is the current input value.
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select/filterable
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:::
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## Remote Search
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Enter keywords and search data from server.
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:::demo Set the value of `filterable` and `remote` with `true` to enable remote search, and you should pass the `remote-method`. `remote-method` is a `Function` that gets called when the input value changes, and its parameter is the current input value. Note that if `el-option` is rendered with the `v-for` directive, you should add the `key` attribute for `el-option`. Its value needs to be unique, such as `item.value` in the following example.
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select/remote-search
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:::
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## Create new items
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Create and select new items that are not included in select options
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:::demo By using the `allow-create` attribute, users can create new items by typing in the input box. Note that for `allow-create` to work, `filterable` must be `true`. This example also demonstrates `default-first-option`. When this attribute is set to `true`, you can select the first option in the current option list by hitting enter without having to navigate with mouse or arrow keys.
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select/allow-create
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:::
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## Use value-key attribute
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If the binding value of Select is an object, make sure to assign `value-key` as its unique identity key name.
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:::demo By using the `value-key` attribute, data with duplicate labels can be properly handled. The value of the `label` property is duplicated, but the option can be identified through the `id`.
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select/value-key
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:::
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## Custom Tag ^(2.5.0)
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You can customize tags.
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:::demo Insert customized tags into the slot of `el-select`. `collapse-tags`, `collapse-tags-tooltip`, `max-collapse-tags` will not work.
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select/custom-tag
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:::
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## Custom Loading ^(2.5.2)
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Override loading content.
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:::demo
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select/custom-loading
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:::
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## Empty Values ^(2.7.0)
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If you want to support empty string, please set `empty-values` to `[null, undefined]`.
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If you want to change the clear value to `null`, please set `value-on-clear` to `null`.
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:::demo
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select/empty-values
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:::
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## Custom Label ^(2.7.4)
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You can customize label.
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:::demo
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select/custom-label
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:::
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## Select API
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### Select Attributes
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| Name | Description | Type | Default |
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|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|
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| model-value / v-model | binding value | ^[string] / ^[number] / ^[boolean] / ^[object] / ^[array] | — |
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| multiple | whether multiple-select is activated | ^[boolean] | false |
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| disabled | whether Select is disabled | ^[boolean] | false |
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| value-key | unique identity key name for value, required when value is an object | ^[string] | value |
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| size | size of Input | ^[enum]`'' \| 'large' \| 'default' \| 'small'` | — |
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| clearable | whether select can be cleared | ^[boolean] | false |
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| collapse-tags | whether to collapse tags to a text when multiple selecting | ^[boolean] | false |
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| collapse-tags-tooltip ^(2.3.0) | whether show all selected tags when mouse hover text of collapse-tags. To use this, `collapse-tags` must be true | ^[boolean] | false |
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| multiple-limit | maximum number of options user can select when `multiple` is `true`. No limit when set to 0 | ^[number] | 0 |
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| name | the name attribute of select input | ^[string] | — |
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| effect | tooltip theme, built-in theme: `dark` / `light` | ^[enum]`'dark' \| 'light'` / ^[string] | light |
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| autocomplete | the autocomplete attribute of select input | ^[string] | off |
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| placeholder | placeholder, default is 'Select' | ^[string] | — |
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| filterable | whether Select is filterable | ^[boolean] | false |
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| allow-create | whether creating new items is allowed. To use this, `filterable` must be true | ^[boolean] | false |
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| filter-method | custom filter method | ^[Function]`() => void` | — |
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| remote | whether options are loaded from server | ^[boolean] | false |
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| remote-method | custom remote search method | ^[Function]`() => void` | — |
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| remote-show-suffix | in remote search method show suffix icon | ^[boolean] | false |
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| loading | whether Select is loading data from server | ^[boolean] | false |
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| loading-text | displayed text while loading data from server, default is 'Loading' | ^[string] | — |
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| no-match-text | displayed text when no data matches the filtering query, you can also use slot `empty`, default is 'No matching data' | ^[string] | — |
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| no-data-text | displayed text when there is no options, you can also use slot `empty`, default is 'No data' | ^[string] | — |
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| popper-class | custom class name for Select's dropdown | ^[string] | '' |
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| reserve-keyword | when `multiple` and `filterable` is true, whether to reserve current keyword after selecting an option | ^[boolean] | true |
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| default-first-option | select first matching option on enter key. Use with `filterable` or `remote` | ^[boolean] | false |
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| teleported | whether select dropdown is teleported to the body | ^[boolean] | true |
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| persistent | when select dropdown is inactive and `persistent` is `false`, select dropdown will be destroyed | ^[boolean] | true |
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| automatic-dropdown | for non-filterable Select, this prop decides if the option menu pops up when the input is focused | ^[boolean] | false |
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| clear-icon | custom clear icon component | ^[string] / ^[object]`Component` | CircleClose |
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| fit-input-width | whether the width of the dropdown is the same as the input | ^[boolean] | false |
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| suffix-icon | custom suffix icon component | ^[string] / ^[object]`Component` | ArrowDown |
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| suffix-transition ^(deprecated) | animation when dropdown appears/disappears icon | ^[boolean] | true |
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| tag-type | tag type | ^[enum]`'' \| 'success' \| 'info' \| 'warning' \| 'danger'` | info |
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| validate-event | whether to trigger form validation | ^[boolean] | true |
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| placement ^(2.2.17) | position of dropdown | ^[enum]`'top' \| 'top-start' \| 'top-end' \| 'bottom' \| 'bottom-start' \| 'bottom-end' \| 'left' \| 'left-start' \| 'left-end' \| 'right' \| 'right-start' \| 'right-end'` | bottom-start |
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| fallback-placements ^(2.5.6) | list of possible positions for dropdown [popper.js](https://popper.js.org/docs/v2/modifiers/flip/#fallbackplacements) | ^[array]`Placement[]` | ['bottom-start', 'top-start', 'right', 'left'] |
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| max-collapse-tags ^(2.3.0) | the max tags number to be shown. To use this, `collapse-tags` must be true | ^[number] | 1 |
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| popper-options | [popper.js](https://popper.js.org/docs/v2/) parameters | ^[object]refer to [popper.js](https://popper.js.org/docs/v2/) doc | {} |
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| aria-label ^(a11y) | same as `aria-label` in native input | ^[string] | — |
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| empty-values ^(2.7.0) | empty values of component, [see config-provider](/en-US/component/config-provider#empty-values-configurations) | ^[array] | — |
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| value-on-clear ^(2.7.0) | clear return value, [see config-provider](/en-US/component/config-provider#empty-values-configurations) | ^[string] / ^[number] / ^[boolean] / ^[Function] | — |
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:::warning
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`suffix-transition` has been **deprecated**, and **will be** removed in ^(2.4.0), please use override style scheme.
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:::
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### Select Events
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| Name | Description | Type |
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|----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
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| change | triggers when the selected value changes | ^[Function]`(value: any) => void` |
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| visible-change | triggers when the dropdown appears/disappears | ^[Function]`(visible: boolean) => void` |
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| remove-tag | triggers when a tag is removed in multiple mode | ^[Function]`(tagValue: any) => void` |
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| clear | triggers when the clear icon is clicked in a clearable Select | ^[Function]`() => void` |
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| blur | triggers when Input blurs | ^[Function]`(event: FocusEvent) => void` |
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| focus | triggers when Input focuses | ^[Function]`(event: FocusEvent) => void` |
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### Select Slots
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| Name | Description | Subtags |
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|------------------|---------------------------------------|-----------------------|
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| default | option component list | Option Group / Option |
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| header ^(2.4.3) | content at the top of the dropdown | — |
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| footer ^(2.4.3) | content at the bottom of the dropdown | — |
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| prefix | content as Select prefix | — |
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| empty | content when there is no options | — |
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| tag ^(2.5.0) | content as Select tag | — |
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| loading ^(2.5.2) | content as Select loading | — |
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| label ^(2.7.4) | content as Select label | — |
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### Select Exposes
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| Method | Description | Type |
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|--------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|
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| focus | focus the Input component | ^[Function]`() => void` |
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| blur | blur the Input component, and hide the dropdown | ^[Function]`() => void` |
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## Option Group API
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### Option Group Attributes
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| Name | Description | Type | Default |
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|----------|----------------------------------------------|------------|---------|
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| label | name of the group | ^[string] | — |
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| disabled | whether to disable all options in this group | ^[boolean] | false |
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### Option Group Slots
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| Name | Description | Subtags |
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|---------|---------------------------|---------|
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| default | customize default content | Option |
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## Option API
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### Option Attributes
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| Name | Description | Type | Default |
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|----------|---------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------|---------|
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| value | value of option | ^[string] / ^[number] / ^[boolean] / ^[object] | — |
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| label | label of option, same as `value` if omitted | ^[string] / ^[number] | — |
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| disabled | whether option is disabled | ^[boolean] | false |
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### Option Slots
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| Name | Description |
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|---------|---------------------------|
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| default | customize default content |
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