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leetcode-master/problems/0234.回文链表.md
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# 234.回文链表
[力扣题目链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/palindrome-linked-list/)
请判断一个链表是否为回文链表。
示例 1:
* 输入: 1->2
* 输出: false
示例 2:
* 输入: 1->2->2->1
* 输出: true
## 思路
### 数组模拟
最直接的想法,就是把链表装成数组,然后再判断是否回文。
代码也比较简单。如下:
```CPP
class Solution {
public:
bool isPalindrome(ListNode* head) {
vector<int> vec;
ListNode* cur = head;
while (cur) {
vec.push_back(cur->val);
cur = cur->next;
}
// 比较数组回文
for (int i = 0, j = vec.size() - 1; i < j; i++, j--) {
if (vec[i] != vec[j]) return false;
}
return true;
}
};
```
上面代码可以在优化就是先求出链表长度然后给定vector的初始长度这样避免vector每次添加节点重新开辟空间
```CPP
class Solution {
public:
bool isPalindrome(ListNode* head) {
ListNode* cur = head;
int length = 0;
while (cur) {
length++;
cur = cur->next;
}
vector<int> vec(length, 0); // 给定vector的初始长度这样避免vector每次添加节点重新开辟空间
cur = head;
int index = 0;
while (cur) {
vec[index++] = cur->val;
cur = cur->next;
}
// 比较数组回文
for (int i = 0, j = vec.size() - 1; i < j; i++, j--) {
if (vec[i] != vec[j]) return false;
}
return true;
}
};
```
### 反转后半部分链表
分为如下几步:
* 用快慢指针,快指针有两步,慢指针走一步,快指针遇到终止位置时,慢指针就在链表中间位置
* 同时用pre记录慢指针指向节点的前一个节点用来分割链表
* 将链表分为前后均等两部分,如果链表长度是奇数,那么后半部分多一个节点
* 将后半部分反转 得cur2前半部分为cur1
* 按照cur1的长度一次比较cur1和cur2的节点数值
如图所示:
<img src='https://code-thinking.cdn.bcebos.com/pics/234.回文链表.png' width=600> </img></div>
代码如下:
```CPP
class Solution {
public:
bool isPalindrome(ListNode* head) {
if (head == nullptr || head->next == nullptr) return true;
ListNode* slow = head; // 慢指针,找到链表中间分位置,作为分割
ListNode* fast = head;
ListNode* pre = head; // 记录慢指针的前一个节点,用来分割链表
while (fast && fast->next) {
pre = slow;
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next->next;
}
pre->next = nullptr; // 分割链表
ListNode* cur1 = head; // 前半部分
ListNode* cur2 = reverseList(slow); // 反转后半部分总链表长度如果是奇数cur2比cur1多一个节点
// 开始两个链表的比较
while (cur1) {
if (cur1->val != cur2->val) return false;
cur1 = cur1->next;
cur2 = cur2->next;
}
return true;
}
// 反转链表
ListNode* reverseList(ListNode* head) {
ListNode* temp; // 保存cur的下一个节点
ListNode* cur = head;
ListNode* pre = nullptr;
while(cur) {
temp = cur->next; // 保存一下 cur的下一个节点因为接下来要改变cur->next
cur->next = pre; // 翻转操作
// 更新pre 和 cur指针
pre = cur;
cur = temp;
}
return pre;
}
};
```
## 其他语言版本
### Java
```java
// 方法一,使用数组
class Solution {
public boolean isPalindrome(ListNode head) {
int len = 0;
// 统计链表长度
ListNode cur = head;
while (cur != null) {
len++;
cur = cur.next;
}
cur = head;
int[] res = new int[len];
// 将元素加到数组之中
for (int i = 0; i < res.length; i++){
res[i] = cur.val;
cur = cur.next;
}
// 比较回文
for (int i = 0, j = len - 1; i < j; i++, j--){
if (res[i] != res[j]){
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
// 方法二,快慢指针
class Solution {
public boolean isPalindrome(ListNode head) {
// 如果为空或者仅有一个节点返回true
if (head == null && head.next == null) return true;
ListNode slow = head;
ListNode fast = head;
ListNode pre = head;
while (fast != null && fast.next != null){
pre = slow; // 记录slow的前一个结点
slow = slow.next;
fast = fast.next.next;
}
pre.next = null; // 分割两个链表
// 前半部分
ListNode cur1 = head;
// 后半部分。这里使用了反转链表
ListNode cur2 = reverseList(slow);
while (cur1 != null){
if (cur1.val != cur2.val) return false;
// 注意要移动两个结点
cur1 = cur1.next;
cur2 = cur2.next;
}
return true;
}
ListNode reverseList(ListNode head){
// 反转链表
ListNode tmp = null;
ListNode pre = null;
while (head != null){
tmp = head.next;
head.next = pre;
pre = head;
head = tmp;
}
return pre;
}
}
```
### Python
```python
#数组模拟
class Solution:
def isPalindrome(self, head: ListNode) -> bool:
length = 0
tmp = head
while tmp: #求链表长度
length += 1
tmp = tmp.next
result = [0] * length
tmp = head
index = 0
while tmp: #链表元素加入数组
result[index] = tmp.val
index += 1
tmp = tmp.next
i, j = 0, length - 1
while i < j: # 判断回文
if result[i] != result[j]:
return False
i += 1
j -= 1
return True
#反转后半部分链表
class Solution:
def isPalindrome(self, head: ListNode) -> bool:
if head == None or head.next == None:
return True
slow, fast = head, head
while fast and fast.next:
pre = slow
slow = slow.next
fast = fast.next.next
pre.next = None # 分割链表
cur1 = head # 前半部分
cur2 = self.reverseList(slow) # 反转后半部分总链表长度如果是奇数cur2比cur1多一个节点
while cur1:
if cur1.val != cur2.val:
return False
cur1 = cur1.next
cur2 = cur2.next
return True
def reverseList(self, head: ListNode) -> ListNode:
cur = head
pre = None
while(cur!=None):
temp = cur.next # 保存一下cur的下一个节点
cur.next = pre # 反转
pre = cur
cur = temp
return pre
```
## Go
```go
```
### JavaScript
```js
var isPalindrome = function(head) {
const reverseList = head => {// 反转链表
let temp = null;
let pre = null;
while(head != null){
temp = head.next;
head.next = pre;
pre = head;
head = temp;
}
return pre;
}
// 如果为空或者仅有一个节点返回true
if(!head && !head.next) return true;
let slow = head;
let fast = head;
let pre = head;
while(fast != null && fast.next != null){
pre = slow; // 记录slow的前一个结点
slow = slow.next;
fast = fast.next.next;
}
pre.next = null; // 分割两个链表
// 前半部分
let cur1 = head;
// 后半部分。这里使用了反转链表
let cur2 = reverseList(slow);
while(cur1 != null){
if(cur1.val != cur2.val) return false;
// 注意要移动两个结点
cur1 = cur1.next;
cur2 = cur2.next;
}
return true;
};
```
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