算法模板新增 typescript 版本代码

This commit is contained in:
Luo
2022-02-11 16:57:22 +08:00
committed by GitHub
parent 4596847faa
commit fbf52ee2bf

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@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ var postorder = function (root, list) {
```javascript
var preorderTraversal = function (root) {
let res = [];
if (root === null) return rs;
if (root === null) return res;
let stack = [root],
cur = null;
while (stack.length) {
@ -536,6 +536,269 @@ function backtracking(参数) {
}
```
TypeScript
## 二分查找法
使用左闭右闭区间
```typescript
var search = function (nums: number[], target: number): number {
let left: number = 0, right: number = nums.length - 1;
// 使用左闭右闭区间
while (left <= right) {
let mid: number = left + Math.floor((right - left)/2);
if (nums[mid] > target) {
right = mid - 1; // 去左面闭区间寻找
} else if (nums[mid] < target) {
left = mid + 1; // 去右面闭区间寻找
} else {
return mid;
}
}
return -1;
};
```
使用左闭右开区间
```typescript
var search = function (nums: number[], target: number): number {
let left: number = 0, right: number = nums.length;
// 使用左闭右开区间 [left, right)
while (left < right) {
let mid: number = left + Math.floor((right - left)/2);
if (nums[mid] > target) {
right = mid; // 去左面闭区间寻找
} else if (nums[mid] < target) {
left = mid + 1; // 去右面闭区间寻找
} else {
return mid;
}
}
return -1;
};
```
## KMP
```typescript
var kmp = function (next: number[], s: number): void {
next[0] = -1;
let j: number = -1;
for(let i: number = 1; i < s.length; i++){
while (j >= 0 && s[i] !== s[j + 1]) {
j = next[j];
}
if (s[i] === s[j + 1]) {
j++;
}
next[i] = j;
}
}
```
## 二叉树
### 深度优先遍历(递归)
二叉树节点定义:
```typescript
class TreeNode {
val: number
left: TreeNode | null
right: TreeNode | null
constructor(val?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {
this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
this.left = (left===undefined ? null : left)
this.right = (right===undefined ? null : right)
}
}
```
前序遍历(中左右):
```typescript
var preorder = function (root: TreeNode | null, list: number[]): void {
if (root === null) return;
list.push(root.val); // 中
preorder(root.left, list); // 左
preorder(root.right, list); // 右
}
```
中序遍历(左中右):
```typescript
var inorder = function (root: TreeNode | null, list: number[]): void {
if (root === null) return;
inorder(root.left, list); // 左
list.push(root.val); // 中
inorder(root.right, list); // 右
}
```
后序遍历(左右中):
```typescript
var postorder = function (root: TreeNode | null, list: number[]): void {
if (root === null) return;
postorder(root.left, list); // 左
postorder(root.right, list); // 右
list.push(root.val); // 中
}
```
### 深度优先遍历(迭代)
前序遍历(中左右):
```typescript
var preorderTraversal = function (root: TreeNode | null): number[] {
let res: number[] = [];
if (root === null) return res;
let stack: TreeNode[] = [root],
cur: TreeNode | null = null;
while (stack.length) {
cur = stack.pop();
res.push(cur.val);
cur.right && stack.push(cur.right);
cur.left && stack.push(cur.left);
}
return res;
};
```
中序遍历(左中右):
```typescript
var inorderTraversal = function (root: TreeNode | null): number[] {
let res: number[] = [];
if (root === null) return res;
let stack: TreeNode[] = [];
let cur: TreeNode | null = root;
while (stack.length == 0 || cur !== null) {
if (cur !== null) {
stack.push(cur);
cur = cur.left;
} else {
cur = stack.pop();
res.push(cur.val);
cur = cur.right;
}
}
return res;
};
```
后序遍历(左右中):
```typescript
var postorderTraversal = function (root: TreeNode | null): number[] {
let res: number[] = [];
if (root === null) return res;
let stack: TreeNode[] = [root];
let cur: TreeNode | null = null;
while (stack.length) {
cur = stack.pop();
res.push(cur.val);
cur.left && stack.push(cur.left);
cur.right && stack.push(cur.right);
}
return res.reverse()
};
```
### 广度优先遍历(队列)
```typescript
var levelOrder = function (root: TreeNode | null): number[] {
let res: number[] = [];
if (root === null) return res;
let queue: TreeNode[] = [root];
while (queue.length) {
let n: number = queue.length;
let temp: number[] = [];
for (let i: number = 0; i < n; i++) {
let node: TreeNode = queue.shift();
temp.push(node.val);
node.left && queue.push(node.left);
node.right && queue.push(node.right);
}
res.push(temp);
}
return res;
};
```
### 二叉树深度
```typescript
var getDepth = function (node: TreNode | null): number {
if (node === null) return 0;
return 1 + Math.max(getDepth(node.left), getDepth(node.right));
}
```
### 二叉树节点数量
```typescript
var countNodes = function (root: TreeNode | null): number {
if (root === null) return 0;
return 1 + countNodes(root.left) + countNodes(root.right);
}
```
## 回溯算法
```typescript
function backtracking(参数) {
if (终止条件) {
存放结果;
return;
}
for (选择:本层集合中元素(树中节点孩子的数量就是集合的大小)) {
处理节点;
backtracking(路径,选择列表); // 递归
回溯,撤销处理结果
}
}
```
## 并查集
```typescript
let n: number = 1005; // 根据题意而定
let father: number[] = new Array(n).fill(0);
// 并查集初始化
function init () {
for (int i: number = 0; i < n; ++i) {
father[i] = i;
}
}
// 并查集里寻根的过程
function find (u: number): number {
return u === father[u] ? u : father[u] = find(father[u]);
}
// 将v->u 这条边加入并查集
function join(u: number, v: number) {
u = find(u);
v = find(v);
if (u === v) return ;
father[v] = u;
}
// 判断 u 和 v是否找到同一个根
function same(u: number, v: number): boolean {
u = find(u);
v = find(v);
return u === v;
}
```
Java