0123, 0188, 0309 股票类问题,增加易理解的一维 dp Python 和 Go 版本。

This commit is contained in:
Lane Zhang
2024-11-22 10:57:51 +08:00
parent 0504beeca6
commit 5e0ab49475
3 changed files with 110 additions and 10 deletions

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@ -316,8 +316,9 @@ class Solution:
### Go:
> 版本一
```go
// 版本一
func maxProfit(prices []int) int {
dp := make([][]int, len(prices))
for i := 0; i < len(prices); i++ {
@ -345,8 +346,9 @@ func max(a, b int) int {
}
```
> 版本二
```go
// 版本二
func maxProfit(prices []int) int {
if len(prices) == 0 {
return 0
@ -371,8 +373,9 @@ func max(x, y int) int {
}
```
> 版本三
```go
// 版本三
func maxProfit(prices []int) int {
if len(prices) == 0 {
return 0
@ -397,6 +400,26 @@ func max(x, y int) int {
}
```
> 版本四:一维 dp 易懂版本
```go
func maxProfit(prices []int) int {
dp := make([]int, 4)
dp[0] = -prices[0]
dp[2] = -prices[0]
for _, price := range prices[1:] {
dc := slices.Clone(dp) // 这句话是关键,把前一天的 dp 状态保存下来,防止被覆盖掉,后面只用它,不用 dp逻辑简单易懂
dp[0] = max(dc[0], -price)
dp[1] = max(dc[1], dc[0] + price)
dp[2] = max(dc[2], dc[1] - price)
dp[3] = max(dc[3], dc[2] + price)
}
return dp[3]
}
```
### JavaScript:
> 版本一:

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@ -297,8 +297,7 @@ class Solution {
### Python:
版本一
> 版本一
```python
class Solution:
def maxProfit(self, k: int, prices: List[int]) -> int:
@ -313,7 +312,8 @@ class Solution:
dp[i][j+2] = max(dp[i-1][j+2], dp[i-1][j+1] + prices[i])
return dp[-1][2*k]
```
版本二
> 版本二
```python
class Solution:
def maxProfit(self, k: int, prices: List[int]) -> int:
@ -329,9 +329,31 @@ class Solution:
dp[j] = max(dp[j],dp[j-1]+prices[i])
return dp[2*k]
```
> 版本三: 一维 dp 数组(易理解版本)
```python
class Solution:
def maxProfit(self, k: int, prices: List[int]) -> int:
dp = [0] * k * 2
for i in range(k):
dp[i * 2] = -prices[0]
for price in prices[1:]:
dc = dp.copy() # 这句话是关键,把前一天的 dp 状态保存下来,防止被覆盖掉,后面只用它,不用 dp逻辑简单易懂
for i in range(2 * k):
if i % 2 == 1:
dp[i] = max(dc[i], dc[i - 1] + price)
else:
pre = 0 if i == 0 else dc[i - 1]
dp[i] = max(dc[i], pre - price)
return dp[-1]
```
### Go:
版本一:
> 版本一:
```go
// 买卖股票的最佳时机IV 动态规划
@ -368,7 +390,7 @@ func max(a, b int) int {
}
```
版本二: 三维 dp数组
> 版本二: 三维 dp数组
```go
func maxProfit(k int, prices []int) int {
length := len(prices)
@ -443,7 +465,31 @@ func max(a, b int) int {
}
```
> 版本四:一维 dp 数组(易理解版本)
```go
func maxProfit(k int, prices []int) int {
dp := make([]int, 2 * k)
for i := range k {
dp[i * 2] = -prices[0]
}
for j := 1; j < len(prices); j++ {
dc := slices.Clone(dp) // 这句话是关键,把前一天的 dp 状态保存下来,防止被覆盖掉,后面只用它,不用 dp逻辑简单易懂
for i := range k * 2 {
if i % 2 == 1 {
dp[i] = max(dc[i], dc[i - 1] + prices[j])
} else {
pre := 0; if i >= 1 { pre = dc[i - 1] }
dp[i] = max(dc[i], pre - prices[j])
}
}
}
return dp[2 * k - 1]
}
```
### JavaScript:

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@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ class Solution {
```
### Python
版本一
> 版本一
```python
from typing import List
@ -294,7 +294,8 @@ class Solution:
return max(dp[n-1][3], dp[n-1][1], dp[n-1][2]) # 返回最后一天不持有股票的最大利润
```
版本二
> 版本二
```python
class Solution:
def maxProfit(self, prices: List[int]) -> int:
@ -320,6 +321,36 @@ class Solution:
return max(dp[-1][1], dp[-1][2])
```
> 版本三
```python
class Solution:
def maxProfit(self, prices: List[int]) -> int:
# 0: holding stocks
# (1) keep holding stocks: dp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][0]
# (2) buy stocks: dp[i][0] = dp[i - 1][1] - price, or dp[i - 1][3] - price
# 1: keep no stocks: dp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][1]
# 2: sell stocks: dp[i][2] = dp[i - 1][0] + price
# 3: cooldown day: dp[i][3] = dp[i - 1][2]
dp = [-prices[0], 0, 0, 0]
for price in prices[1:]:
dc = dp.copy() # 这句话是关键,把前一天的 dp 状态保存下来,防止被覆盖掉,后面只用它,不用 dp逻辑简单易懂
dp[0] = max(
dc[0],
dc[1] - price,
dc[3] - price
)
dp[1] = max(
dc[1],
dc[3]
)
dp[2] = dc[0] + price
dp[3] = dc[2]
return max(dp)
```
### Go
```go