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Merge pull request #1917 from StriveDD/master
添加0127.单词接龙的Java版本双向BFS代码,0827.最大人工岛的Java版本,0841.钥匙和房间的Java版本的BFS代码
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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
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* 转换过程中的中间单词必须是字典 wordList 中的单词。
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* 给你两个单词 beginWord 和 endWord 和一个字典 wordList ,找到从 beginWord 到 endWord 的 最短转换序列 中的 单词数目 。如果不存在这样的转换序列,返回 0。
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示例 1:
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* 输入:beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log","cog"]
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@ -134,7 +134,70 @@ public int ladderLength(String beginWord, String endWord, List<String> wordList)
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}
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```
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```java
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// Java 双向BFS
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class Solution {
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// 判断单词之间是否之差了一个字母
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public boolean isValid(String currentWord, String chooseWord) {
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int count = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < currentWord.length(); i++)
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if (currentWord.charAt(i) != chooseWord.charAt(i)) ++count;
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return count == 1;
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}
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public int ladderLength(String beginWord, String endWord, List<String> wordList) {
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if (!wordList.contains(endWord)) return 0; // 如果 endWord 不在 wordList 中,那么无法成功转换,返回 0
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// ansLeft 记录从 beginWord 开始 BFS 时能组成的单词数目
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// ansRight 记录从 endWord 开始 BFS 时能组成的单词数目
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int ansLeft = 0, ansRight = 0;
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// queueLeft 表示从 beginWord 开始 BFS 时使用的队列
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// queueRight 表示从 endWord 开始 BFS 时使用的队列
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Queue<String> queueLeft = new ArrayDeque<>(), queueRight = new ArrayDeque<>();
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queueLeft.add(beginWord);
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queueRight.add(endWord);
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// 从 beginWord 开始 BFS 时把遍历到的节点存入 hashSetLeft 中
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// 从 endWord 开始 BFS 时把遍历到的节点存入 hashSetRight 中
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Set<String> hashSetLeft = new HashSet<>(), hashSetRight = new HashSet<>();
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hashSetLeft.add(beginWord);
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hashSetRight.add(endWord);
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// 只要有一个队列为空,说明 beginWord 无法转换到 endWord
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while (!queueLeft.isEmpty() && !queueRight.isEmpty()) {
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++ansLeft;
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int size = queueLeft.size();
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for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
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String currentWord = queueLeft.poll();
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// 只要 hashSetRight 中存在 currentWord,说明从 currentWord 可以转换到 endWord
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if (hashSetRight.contains(currentWord)) return ansRight + ansLeft;
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for (String chooseWord : wordList) {
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if (hashSetLeft.contains(chooseWord) || !isValid(currentWord, chooseWord)) continue;
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hashSetLeft.add(chooseWord);
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queueLeft.add(chooseWord);
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}
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}
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++ansRight;
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size = queueRight.size();
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for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
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String currentWord = queueRight.poll();
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// 只要 hashSetLeft 中存在 currentWord,说明从 currentWord 可以转换到 beginWord
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if (hashSetLeft.contains(currentWord)) return ansLeft + ansRight;
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for (String chooseWord : wordList) {
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if (hashSetRight.contains(chooseWord) || !isValid(currentWord, chooseWord)) continue;
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hashSetRight.add(chooseWord);
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queueRight.add(chooseWord);
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}
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}
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}
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return 0;
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}
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}
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```
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## Python
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```
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class Solution:
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def ladderLength(self, beginWord: str, endWord: str, wordList: List[str]) -> int:
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@ -301,3 +364,4 @@ function diffonechar(word1: string, word2: string): boolean {
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<a href="https://programmercarl.com/other/kstar.html" target="_blank">
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<img src="../pics/网站星球宣传海报.jpg" width="1000"/>
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</a>
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@ -219,7 +219,71 @@ public:
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};
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```
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# 其他语言版本
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## Java
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```Java
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class Solution {
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private static final int[][] position = {{-1, 0}, {0, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}}; // 四个方向
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/**
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* @param grid 矩阵数组
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* @param row 当前遍历的节点的行号
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* @param col 当前遍历的节点的列号
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* @param mark 当前区域的标记
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* @return 返回当前区域内 1 的数量
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*/
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public int dfs(int[][] grid, int row, int col, int mark) {
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int ans = 0;
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grid[row][col] = mark;
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for (int[] current: position) {
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int curRow = row + current[0], curCol = col + current[1];
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if (curRow < 0 || curRow >= grid.length || curCol < 0 || curCol >= grid.length) continue; // 越界
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if (grid[curRow][curCol] == 1)
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ans += 1 + dfs(grid, curRow, curCol, mark);
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}
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return ans;
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}
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public int largestIsland(int[][] grid) {
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int ans = Integer.MIN_VALUE, size = grid.length, mark = 2;
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Map<Integer, Integer> getSize = new HashMap<>();
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for (int row = 0; row < size; row++) {
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for (int col = 0; col < size; col++) {
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if (grid[row][col] == 1) {
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int areaSize = 1 + dfs(grid, row, col, mark);
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getSize.put(mark++, areaSize);
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}
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}
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}
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for (int row = 0; row < size; row++) {
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for (int col = 0; col < size; col++) {
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// 当前位置如果不是 0 那么直接跳过,因为我们只能把 0 变成 1
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if (grid[row][col] != 0) continue;
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Set<Integer> hashSet = new HashSet<>(); // 防止同一个区域被重复计算
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// 计算从当前位置开始获取的 1 的数量,初始化 1 是因为把当前位置的 0 转换成了 1
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int curSize = 1;
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for (int[] current: position) {
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int curRow = row + current[0], curCol = col + current[1];
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if (curRow < 0 || curRow >= grid.length || curCol < 0 || curCol >= grid.length) continue;
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int curMark = grid[curRow][curCol]; // 获取对应位置的标记
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// 如果标记存在 hashSet 中说明该标记被记录过一次,如果不存在 getSize 中说明该标记是无效标记(此时 curMark = 0)
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if (hashSet.contains(curMark) || !getSize.containsKey(curMark)) continue;
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hashSet.add(curMark);
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curSize += getSize.get(curMark);
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}
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ans = Math.max(ans, curSize);
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}
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}
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// 当 ans == Integer.MIN_VALUE 说明矩阵数组中不存在 0,全都是有效区域,返回数组大小即可
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return ans == Integer.MIN_VALUE ? size * size : ans;
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}
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}
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```
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://programmercarl.com/other/kstar.html" target="_blank">
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<img src="../pics/网站星球宣传海报.jpg" width="1000"/>
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</a>
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@ -275,6 +275,52 @@ class Solution {
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}
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```
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```Java
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// 广度优先搜索
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class Solution {
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public boolean canVisitAllRooms(List<List<Integer>> rooms) {
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boolean[] visited = new boolean[rooms.size()]; // 用一个 visited 数据记录房间是否被访问
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visited[0] = true;
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Queue<Integer> queue = new ArrayDeque<>();
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queue.add(0); // 第 0 个房间标记为已访问
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while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
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int curKey = queue.poll();
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for (int key: rooms.get(curKey)) {
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if (visited[key]) continue;
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visited[key] = true;
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queue.add(key);
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}
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}
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for (boolean key: visited)
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if (!key) return false;
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return true;
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}
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}
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```
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```java
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// 广度优先遍历(时间优化)
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class Solution {
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public boolean canVisitAllRooms(List<List<Integer>> rooms) {
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int count = 1; // 用来记录可以被访问的房间数目,因为初始状态下 0 号房间可以被访问,所以置为 1
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boolean[] visited = new boolean[rooms.size()]; // 用一个 visited 数据记录房间是否被访问
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visited[0] = true; // 第 0 个房间标记为已访问
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Queue<Integer> queue = new ArrayDeque<>();
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queue.add(0);
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while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
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int curKey = queue.poll();
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for (int key: rooms.get(curKey)) {
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if (visited[key]) continue;
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++count; // 每访问一个访问房间就让 count 加 1
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visited[key] = true;
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queue.add(key);
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}
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}
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return count == rooms.size(); // 如果 count 等于房间数目,表示能进入所有房间,反之不能
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}
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}
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```
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### python3
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```python
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