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165 lines
3.3 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
165 lines
3.3 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
# [54. Spiral Matrix](https://leetcode.com/problems/spiral-matrix/)
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## 题目
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Given a matrix of *m* x *n* elements (*m* rows, *n* columns), return all elements of the matrix in spiral order.
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**Example 1**:
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Input:
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[
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[ 1, 2, 3 ],
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[ 4, 5, 6 ],
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[ 7, 8, 9 ]
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]
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Output: [1,2,3,6,9,8,7,4,5]
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**Example 2**:
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Input:
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[
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[1, 2, 3, 4],
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[5, 6, 7, 8],
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[9,10,11,12]
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]
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Output: [1,2,3,4,8,12,11,10,9,5,6,7]
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## 题目大意
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给定一个包含 m x n 个元素的矩阵(m 行, n 列),请按照顺时针螺旋顺序,返回矩阵中的所有元素。
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## 解题思路
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- 给出一个二维数组,按照螺旋的方式输出
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- 解法一:需要注意的是特殊情况,比如二维数组退化成一维或者一列或者一个元素。注意了这些情况,基本就可以一次通过了。
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- 解法二:提前算出一共多少个元素,一圈一圈地遍历矩阵,停止条件就是遍历了所有元素(count == sum)
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## 代码
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```go
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package leetcode
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// 解法 1
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func spiralOrder(matrix [][]int) []int {
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if len(matrix) == 0 {
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return []int{}
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}
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res := []int{}
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if len(matrix) == 1 {
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for i := 0; i < len(matrix[0]); i++ {
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res = append(res, matrix[0][i])
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}
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return res
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}
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if len(matrix[0]) == 1 {
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for i := 0; i < len(matrix); i++ {
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res = append(res, matrix[i][0])
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}
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return res
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}
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visit, m, n, round, x, y, spDir := make([][]int, len(matrix)), len(matrix), len(matrix[0]), 0, 0, 0, [][]int{
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[]int{0, 1}, // 朝右
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[]int{1, 0}, // 朝下
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[]int{0, -1}, // 朝左
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[]int{-1, 0}, // 朝上
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}
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for i := 0; i < m; i++ {
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visit[i] = make([]int, n)
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}
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visit[x][y] = 1
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res = append(res, matrix[x][y])
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for i := 0; i < m*n; i++ {
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x += spDir[round%4][0]
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y += spDir[round%4][1]
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if (x == 0 && y == n-1) || (x == m-1 && y == n-1) || (y == 0 && x == m-1) {
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round++
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}
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if x > m-1 || y > n-1 || x < 0 || y < 0 {
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return res
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}
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if visit[x][y] == 0 {
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visit[x][y] = 1
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res = append(res, matrix[x][y])
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}
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switch round % 4 {
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case 0:
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if y+1 <= n-1 && visit[x][y+1] == 1 {
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round++
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continue
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}
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case 1:
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if x+1 <= m-1 && visit[x+1][y] == 1 {
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round++
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continue
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}
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case 2:
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if y-1 >= 0 && visit[x][y-1] == 1 {
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round++
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continue
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}
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case 3:
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if x-1 >= 0 && visit[x-1][y] == 1 {
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round++
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continue
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}
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}
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}
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return res
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}
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// 解法 2
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func spiralOrder2(matrix [][]int) []int {
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m := len(matrix)
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if m == 0 {
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return nil
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}
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n := len(matrix[0])
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if n == 0 {
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return nil
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}
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// top、left、right、bottom 分别是剩余区域的上、左、右、下的下标
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top, left, bottom, right := 0, 0, m-1, n-1
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count, sum := 0, m*n
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res := []int{}
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// 外层循环每次遍历一圈
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for count < sum {
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i, j := top, left
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for j <= right && count < sum {
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res = append(res, matrix[i][j])
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count++
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j++
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}
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i, j = top + 1, right
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for i <= bottom && count < sum {
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res = append(res, matrix[i][j])
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count++
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i++
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}
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i, j = bottom, right - 1
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for j >= left && count < sum {
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res = append(res, matrix[i][j])
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count++
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j--
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}
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i, j = bottom - 1, left
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for i > top && count < sum {
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res = append(res, matrix[i][j])
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count++
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i--
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}
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// 进入到下一层
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top, left, bottom, right = top+1, left+1, bottom-1, right-1
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}
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return res
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}
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``` |