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84 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
84 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
# [15. 3Sum](https://leetcode.com/problems/3sum/)
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## 题目
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Given an array nums of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in nums such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
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**Note**:
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The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
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**Example**:
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```
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Given array nums = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4],
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A solution set is:
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[
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[-1, 0, 1],
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[-1, -1, 2]
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]
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```
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## 题目大意
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给定一个数组,要求在这个数组中找出 3 个数之和为 0 的所有组合。
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## 解题思路
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用 map 提前计算好任意 2 个数字之和,保存起来,可以将时间复杂度降到 O(n^2)。这一题比较麻烦的一点在于,最后输出解的时候,要求输出不重复的解。数组中同一个数字可能出现多次,同一个数字也可能使用多次,但是最后输出解的时候,不能重复。例如 [-1,-1,2] 和 [2, -1, -1]、[-1, 2, -1] 这 3 个解是重复的,即使 -1 可能出现 100 次,每次使用的 -1 的数组下标都是不同的。
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这里就需要去重和排序了。map 记录每个数字出现的次数,然后对 map 的 key 数组进行排序,最后在这个排序以后的数组里面扫,找到另外 2 个数字能和自己组成 0 的组合。
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## 代码
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```go
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package leetcode
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import (
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"sort"
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)
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func threeSum(nums []int) [][]int {
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res := [][]int{}
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counter := map[int]int{}
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for _, value := range nums {
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counter[value]++
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}
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uniqNums := []int{}
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for key := range counter {
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uniqNums = append(uniqNums, key)
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}
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sort.Ints(uniqNums)
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for i := 0; i < len(uniqNums); i++ {
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if (uniqNums[i]*3 == 0) && counter[uniqNums[i]] >= 3 {
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res = append(res, []int{uniqNums[i], uniqNums[i], uniqNums[i]})
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}
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for j := i + 1; j < len(uniqNums); j++ {
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if (uniqNums[i]*2+uniqNums[j] == 0) && counter[uniqNums[i]] > 1 {
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res = append(res, []int{uniqNums[i], uniqNums[i], uniqNums[j]})
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}
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if (uniqNums[j]*2+uniqNums[i] == 0) && counter[uniqNums[j]] > 1 {
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res = append(res, []int{uniqNums[i], uniqNums[j], uniqNums[j]})
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}
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c := 0 - uniqNums[i] - uniqNums[j]
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if c > uniqNums[j] && counter[c] > 0 {
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res = append(res, []int{uniqNums[i], uniqNums[j], c})
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}
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}
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}
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return res
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}
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```
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