diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/Disposable.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/Disposable.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c132e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/Disposable.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+
+using System;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+/// <remarks>
+/// based on <see href="https://github.com/shimat/opencvsharp/blob/9a5f9828a74cfa3995562a06716e177705cde038/src/OpenCvSharp/Fundamentals/DisposableObject.cs">OpenCvSharp</see>
+/// </remarks>
+public abstract class Disposable : IDisposable
+{
+    private volatile int disposeSignaled = 0;
+
+    public bool IsDisposed { get; protected set; }
+    protected bool IsOwner { get; private set; }
+
+    protected Disposable() : this(true) { }
+
+    protected Disposable(bool isOwner)
+    {
+        IsDisposed = false;
+        IsOwner = isOwner;
+    }
+
+    public void Dispose()
+    {
+        Dispose(true);
+        GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
+    {
+        if (Interlocked.Exchange(ref disposeSignaled, 1) != 0)
+            return;
+
+        IsDisposed = true;
+
+        if (disposing)
+            DisposeManaged();
+
+        DisposeUnmanaged();
+    }
+
+    ~Disposable()
+    {
+        Dispose(false);
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void DisposeManaged() { }
+    protected virtual void DisposeUnmanaged() { }
+
+    public void TransferOwnership() => IsOwner = false;
+
+    public void ThrowIfDisposed()
+    {
+        if (IsDisposed)
+            throw new ObjectDisposedException(GetType().FullName);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/IMpResourceHandle.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/IMpResourceHandle.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15f5c23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/IMpResourceHandle.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+using System;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+public interface IMpResourceHandle : IDisposable
+{
+    IntPtr MpPtr { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Relinquish the ownership, and release the resource it owns if necessary.
+    /// This method should be called only if the underlying native api moves the pointer.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// If the object itself is no longer used, call <see cref="Dispose" /> instead.
+    /// </remarks>
+    void ReleaseMpResource();
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Relinquish the ownership
+    /// </summary>
+    void TransferOwnership();
+
+    bool OwnsResource();
+}
diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/InternalException.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/InternalException.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8700f07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/InternalException.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+using System;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+public class InternalException : Exception
+{
+    public InternalException(string message) : base(message) { }
+}
diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MediapipeException.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MediapipeException.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38e3320
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MediapipeException.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+using System;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+public class MediapipeException : Exception
+{
+    public MediapipeException(string message) : base(message) { }
+}
diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MediapipeNetException.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MediapipeNetException.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c476eac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MediapipeNetException.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+using System;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+public class MediapipeNetException : Exception
+{
+    public MediapipeNetException(string message) : base(message) { }
+}
diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MpResourceHandle.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MpResourceHandle.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35208a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/MpResourceHandle.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using Mediapipe.Net.Native;
+using static Mediapipe.Net.Native.MpReturnCodeExtension;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+public abstract class MpResourceHandle : Disposable, IMpResourceHandle
+{
+    protected IntPtr Ptr;
+
+    protected MpResourceHandle(bool isOwner = true) : this(IntPtr.Zero, isOwner) { }
+
+    protected MpResourceHandle(IntPtr ptr, bool isOwner = true) : base(isOwner)
+    {
+        Ptr = ptr;
+    }
+
+    #region IMpResourceHandle
+    public IntPtr MpPtr
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            ThrowIfDisposed();
+            return Ptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void ReleaseMpResource()
+    {
+        if (OwnsResource())
+            DeleteMpPtr();
+
+        TransferOwnership();
+    }
+
+    public bool OwnsResource() => IsOwner && Ptr != IntPtr.Zero;
+    #endregion
+
+    protected override void DisposeUnmanaged()
+    {
+        if (OwnsResource())
+            DeleteMpPtr();
+
+        ReleaseMpPtr();
+        base.DisposeUnmanaged();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Forgets the pointer address.
+    /// After calling this method, <see ref="OwnsResource" /> will return false.
+    /// </summary>
+    protected void ReleaseMpPtr() => Ptr = IntPtr.Zero;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Release the memory (call `delete` or `delete[]`) whether or not it owns it.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>In most cases, this method should not be called directly.</remarks>
+    protected abstract void DeleteMpPtr();
+
+    protected delegate MpReturnCode StringOutFunc(IntPtr ptr, out IntPtr strPtr);
+    protected string? MarshalStringFromNative(StringOutFunc func)
+    {
+        func(MpPtr, out IntPtr strPtr).Assert();
+        GC.KeepAlive(this);
+
+        string? str = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(strPtr);
+        UnsafeNativeMethods.delete_array__PKc(strPtr);
+
+        return str;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/SharedPtrHandle.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/SharedPtrHandle.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b688eed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/SharedPtrHandle.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+using System;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+public abstract class SharedPtrHandle : MpResourceHandle
+{
+    protected SharedPtrHandle(IntPtr ptr, bool isOwner = true) : base(ptr, isOwner) { }
+
+    /// <returns>The owning pointer</returns>
+    public abstract IntPtr Get();
+
+    /// <summary>Release the owning pointer</summary>
+    public abstract void Reset();
+}
diff --git a/Mediapipe.Net/Core/UniquePtrHandle.cs b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/UniquePtrHandle.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c749515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mediapipe.Net/Core/UniquePtrHandle.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright (c) homuler and Vignette
+// This file is part of MediaPipe.NET.
+// MediaPipe.NET is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.
+
+using System;
+
+namespace Mediapipe.Net.Core;
+
+public abstract class UniquePtrHandle : MpResourceHandle
+{
+    protected UniquePtrHandle(IntPtr ptr, bool isOwner = true) : base(ptr, isOwner) { }
+
+    /// <returns>The owning pointer</returns>
+    public abstract IntPtr Get();
+
+    /// <summary>Release the owning pointer</summary>
+    public abstract IntPtr Release();
+}