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tests/test_advanced/test_decimal/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 import importlib
 import types  # Add import for types
 from decimal import Decimal
-from unittest.mock import MagicMock # Keep MagicMock for type hint, though not strictly necessary for runtime
 
 import pytest
 from sqlmodel import create_engine
 
-from ...conftest import needs_py310, PrintMock # Import PrintMock for type hint
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, needs_py310  # Import PrintMock for type hint
 
 expected_calls = [
     [
@@ -45,7 +44,9 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
     return importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.advanced.decimal.{module_name}")
 
 
-def test_tutorial(print_mock: PrintMock, module: types.ModuleType): # Use PrintMock for type hint and types.ModuleType
+def test_tutorial(
+    print_mock: PrintMock, module: types.ModuleType
+):  # Use PrintMock for type hint and types.ModuleType
     module.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     module.engine = create_engine(module.sqlite_url)
     module.main()

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_delete/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -69,9 +69,7 @@ expected_calls = [
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> ModuleType:
     module_name = request.param
-    mod = importlib.import_module(
+    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.delete.{module_name}")
-        f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.delete.{module_name}"
-    )
     mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
     return mod

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_insert/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -49,9 +49,7 @@ expected_calls = [
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> ModuleType:
     module_name = request.param
-    mod = importlib.import_module(
+    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.insert.{module_name}")
-        f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.insert.{module_name}"
-    )
     mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
     return mod

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_select/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -85,9 +85,7 @@ expected_calls = [
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> ModuleType:
     module_name = request.param
-    mod = importlib.import_module(
+    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.select.{module_name}")
-        f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.select.{module_name}"
-    )
     mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
     return mod

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_select/test_tutorial004.py

@@ -59,9 +59,7 @@ expected_calls = [
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> ModuleType:
     module_name = request.param
-    mod = importlib.import_module(
+    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.select.{module_name}")
-        f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.select.{module_name}"
-    )
     mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
     return mod

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_select/test_tutorial005.py

@@ -61,9 +61,7 @@ expected_calls = [
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> ModuleType:
     module_name = request.param
-    mod = importlib.import_module(
+    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.select.{module_name}")
-        f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.select.{module_name}"
-    )
     mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
     return mod

tests/test_tutorial/test_connect/test_update/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ expected_calls = [
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest) -> ModuleType:
     module_name = request.param
-    mod = importlib.import_module(
+    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.update.{module_name}")
-        f"docs_src.tutorial.connect.update.{module_name}"
-    )
     mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url)
     return mod
 
 
-def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, print_mock: PrintMock, module: ModuleType) -> None:
+def test_tutorial(
+    clear_sqlmodel: Any, print_mock: PrintMock, module: ModuleType
+) -> None:
     module.main()
     assert print_mock.calls == expected_calls

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_app_testing/test_tutorial001_tests_main.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool # Keep this for session_fixture
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
 
+
 # This will be our parametrized fixture providing the versioned 'main' module
 @pytest.fixture(
     name="module",
@@ -20,7 +21,9 @@ from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
         pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
     ],
 )
-def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleType: # clear_sqlmodel is autouse
+def get_module(
+    request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any
+) -> ModuleType:  # clear_sqlmodel is autouse
     module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.app_testing.{request.param}.main"
 
     # Forcing reload to try to get a fresh state for models
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleTyp
         module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
     return module
 
+
 @pytest.fixture(name="session", scope="function")
 def session_fixture(module: ModuleType) -> Generator[Session, None, None]:
     # Store original engine-related attributes from the module
@@ -45,7 +49,7 @@ def session_fixture(module: ModuleType) -> Generator[Session, None, None]:
     test_engine = create_engine(
         module.sqlite_url,
         connect_args=module.connect_args,
-        poolclass=StaticPool  # Recommended for tests
+        poolclass=StaticPool,  # Recommended for tests
     )
     module.engine = test_engine
 
@@ -55,7 +59,9 @@ def session_fixture(module: ModuleType) -> Generator[Session, None, None]:
         # Fallback if the function isn't named create_db_and_tables
         SQLModel.metadata.create_all(module.engine)
 
-    with Session(module.engine) as session: # Use the module's (now test-configured) engine
+    with Session(
+        module.engine
+    ) as session:  # Use the module's (now test-configured) engine
         yield session
 
     # Teardown: drop tables from the module's engine
@@ -74,7 +80,9 @@ def session_fixture(module: ModuleType) -> Generator[Session, None, None]:
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(name="client", scope="function")
-def client_fixture(session: Session, module: ModuleType) -> Generator[TestClient, None, None]:
+def client_fixture(
+    session: Session, module: ModuleType
+) -> Generator[TestClient, None, None]:
     def get_session_override() -> Generator[Session, None, None]:  # Must be a generator
         yield session
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_delete/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -35,18 +35,22 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleTyp
     module.engine = create_engine(
         module.sqlite_url,
         connect_args={"check_same_thread": False},  # connect_args from original main.py
-        poolclass=StaticPool
+        poolclass=StaticPool,
     )
     # Assuming the module has a create_db_and_tables or similar, or uses SQLModel.metadata directly
     if hasattr(module, "create_db_and_tables"):
         module.create_db_and_tables()
     else:
-        SQLModel.metadata.create_all(module.engine) # Fallback, ensure tables are created
+        SQLModel.metadata.create_all(
+            module.engine
+        )  # Fallback, ensure tables are created
 
     return module
 
 
-def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is autouse but explicit for safety
+def test_tutorial(
+    clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType
+):  # clear_sqlmodel is autouse but explicit for safety
     # The engine and tables are now set up by the 'module' fixture
     # The app's dependency overrides for get_session will use module.engine
 
@@ -71,7 +75,9 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is
         response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero2_data)
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
         hero2 = response.json()
-        hero2_id = hero2["id"] # This will be the ID assigned by DB, not 9000 if 9000 is not allowed on POST
+        hero2_id = hero2[
+            "id"
+        ]  # This will be the ID assigned by DB, not 9000 if 9000 is not allowed on POST
 
         response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
@@ -102,7 +108,9 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is
         )
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
 
-        response = client.patch(f"/heroes/{non_existent_id_check}", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"})
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{non_existent_id_check}", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}
+        )
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
     ],
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleType:
-    module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.limit_and_offset.{request.param}" # No .main
+    module_name = (
+        f"docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.limit_and_offset.{request.param}"  # No .main
+    )
     if module_name in sys.modules:
         module = importlib.reload(sys.modules[module_name])
     else:
@@ -31,8 +33,10 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleTyp
     module.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
     module.engine = create_engine(
         module.sqlite_url,
-        connect_args={"check_same_thread": False}, # Assuming connect_args was in original mod or default
+        connect_args={
-        poolclass=StaticPool
+            "check_same_thread": False
+        },  # Assuming connect_args was in original mod or default
+        poolclass=StaticPool,
     )
     if hasattr(module, "create_db_and_tables"):
         module.create_db_and_tables()
@@ -92,7 +96,9 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
         data_limit2 = response.json()
         assert len(data_limit2) == 2
-        assert data_limit2[0]["name"] == hero1["name"] # Compare with actual created hero data
+        assert (
+            data_limit2[0]["name"] == hero1["name"]
+        )  # Compare with actual created hero data
         assert data_limit2[1]["name"] == hero2["name"]
 
         response = client.get("/heroes/", params={"offset": 1})

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_multiple_models/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
     ],
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleType:
-    module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.multiple_models.{request.param}" # No .main
+    module_name = (
+        f"docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.multiple_models.{request.param}"  # No .main
+    )
     if module_name in sys.modules:
         module = importlib.reload(sys.modules[module_name])
     else:
@@ -38,9 +40,7 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleTyp
         connect_args["check_same_thread"] = False
 
     module.engine = create_engine(
-        module.sqlite_url,
+        module.sqlite_url, connect_args=connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
-        connect_args=connect_args,
-        poolclass=StaticPool
     )
     if hasattr(module, "create_db_and_tables"):
         module.create_db_and_tables()
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
         assert data["age"] is None
         hero2_id = data["id"]  # Store actual ID
 
-
         response = client.get("/heroes/")
         data = response.json()
 
@@ -95,7 +94,6 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
         assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
         assert data[1]["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
 
-
         response = client.get("/openapi.json")
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
         # OpenAPI schema check - kept as is from original test
@@ -255,10 +253,16 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
     ]
     # Convert list of dicts to list of tuples of sorted items for order-agnostic comparison
     indexes_for_comparison = [tuple(sorted(d.items())) for d in indexes]
-    expected_indexes_for_comparison = [tuple(sorted(d.items())) for d in expected_indexes]
+    expected_indexes_for_comparison = [
+        tuple(sorted(d.items())) for d in expected_indexes
+    ]
 
     for index_data_tuple in expected_indexes_for_comparison:
-        assert index_data_tuple in indexes_for_comparison, f"Expected index {index_data_tuple} not found in DB indexes {indexes_for_comparison}"
+        assert index_data_tuple in indexes_for_comparison, (
+            f"Expected index {index_data_tuple} not found in DB indexes {indexes_for_comparison}"
+        )
         indexes_for_comparison.remove(index_data_tuple)
 
-    assert len(indexes_for_comparison) == 0, f"Unexpected extra indexes found in DB: {indexes_for_comparison}"
+    assert len(indexes_for_comparison) == 0, (
+        f"Unexpected extra indexes found in DB: {indexes_for_comparison}"
+    )

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_multiple_models/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -19,8 +19,12 @@ from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
     scope="function",
     params=[
         "tutorial002",  # Changed to tutorial002
-        pytest.param("tutorial002_py39", marks=needs_py39), # Changed to tutorial002_py39
+        pytest.param(
-        pytest.param("tutorial002_py310", marks=needs_py310), # Changed to tutorial002_py310
+            "tutorial002_py39", marks=needs_py39
+        ),  # Changed to tutorial002_py39
+        pytest.param(
+            "tutorial002_py310", marks=needs_py310
+        ),  # Changed to tutorial002_py310
     ],
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleType:
@@ -36,9 +40,7 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleTyp
         connect_args["check_same_thread"] = False
 
     module.engine = create_engine(
-        module.sqlite_url,
+        module.sqlite_url, connect_args=connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
-        connect_args=connect_args,
-        poolclass=StaticPool
     )
     if hasattr(module, "create_db_and_tables"):
         module.create_db_and_tables()
@@ -75,7 +77,6 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
         assert data["age"] is None
         hero2_id = data["id"]
 
-
         response = client.get("/heroes/")
         data = response.json()
 
@@ -88,7 +89,6 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
         assert data[1]["name"] == hero2_data["name"]
         assert data[1]["secret_name"] == hero2_data["secret_name"]
 
-
         response = client.get("/openapi.json")
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
         assert response.json() == {
@@ -246,10 +246,16 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
         },
     ]
     indexes_for_comparison = [tuple(sorted(d.items())) for d in indexes]
-    expected_indexes_for_comparison = [tuple(sorted(d.items())) for d in expected_indexes]
+    expected_indexes_for_comparison = [
+        tuple(sorted(d.items())) for d in expected_indexes
+    ]
 
     for index_data_tuple in expected_indexes_for_comparison:
-        assert index_data_tuple in indexes_for_comparison, f"Expected index {index_data_tuple} not found in DB indexes {indexes_for_comparison}"
+        assert index_data_tuple in indexes_for_comparison, (
+            f"Expected index {index_data_tuple} not found in DB indexes {indexes_for_comparison}"
+        )
         indexes_for_comparison.remove(index_data_tuple)
 
-    assert len(indexes_for_comparison) == 0, f"Unexpected extra indexes found in DB: {indexes_for_comparison}"
+    assert len(indexes_for_comparison) == 0, (
+        f"Unexpected extra indexes found in DB: {indexes_for_comparison}"
+    )

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_read_one/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any) -> ModuleTyp
         connect_args["check_same_thread"] = False
 
     module.engine = create_engine(
-        module.sqlite_url,
+        module.sqlite_url, connect_args=connect_args, poolclass=StaticPool
-        connect_args=connect_args,
-        poolclass=StaticPool
     )
     if hasattr(module, "create_db_and_tables"):
         module.create_db_and_tables()
@@ -79,7 +77,9 @@ def test_tutorial(clear_sqlmodel: Any, module: ModuleType):
         # Check for a non-existent ID
         non_existent_id = hero1["id"] + hero2["id"] + 100  # A likely non-existent ID
         response_get_non_existent = client.get(f"/heroes/{non_existent_id}")
-        assert response_get_non_existent.status_code == 404, response_get_non_existent.text
+        assert response_get_non_existent.status_code == 404, (
+            response_get_non_existent.text
+        )
 
         response_openapi = client.get("/openapi.json")
         assert response_openapi.status_code == 200, response_openapi.text

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_relationships/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ import types
 from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
-from dirty_equals import IsDict
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, create_engine
 from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
@@ -108,7 +107,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         response = client.post("/heroes/", json=hero3_data)
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
         response = client.get("/heroes/9000")  # This might fail if hero2_id is not 9000
-        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text # Original test expects 404, this implies ID 9000 is not found after creation. This needs to align with how IDs are handled.
+        assert response.status_code == 404, (
+            response.text
+        )  # Original test expects 404, this implies ID 9000 is not found after creation. This needs to align with how IDs are handled.
 
         response = client.get("/heroes/")
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
@@ -120,18 +121,25 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         data = response.json()
         assert data["name"] == hero1_data["name"]
         # Ensure team is loaded and correct
-        if "team" in data and data["team"] is not None: # Team might not be present if not correctly loaded by the endpoint
+        if (
+            "team" in data and data["team"] is not None
+        ):  # Team might not be present if not correctly loaded by the endpoint
             assert data["team"]["name"] == team_z_force["name"]
-        elif short_module_name != "tutorial001_py310": # tutorial001_py310.py doesn't include team in HeroPublic
+        elif (
+            short_module_name != "tutorial001_py310"
+        ):  # tutorial001_py310.py doesn't include team in HeroPublic
             # If team is expected, this is a failure. For tutorial001 and tutorial001_py39, team should be present.
-            assert "team" in data and data["team"] is not None, "Team data missing in hero response"
+            assert "team" in data and data["team"] is not None, (
-
+                "Team data missing in hero response"
+            )
 
         response = client.patch(
             f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
         )
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
-        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}) # Test patching non-existent hero
+        response = client.patch(
+            "/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}
+        )  # Test patching non-existent hero
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
@@ -177,10 +185,17 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
 
         # short_module_name is already defined at the start of the 'with TestClient' block
         # All versions (base, py39, py310) use HeroPublicWithTeam for this endpoint based on previous test run.
-        assert get_hero_path["responses"]["200"]["content"]["application/json"]["schema"]["$ref"] == "#/components/schemas/HeroPublicWithTeam"
+        assert (
+            get_hero_path["responses"]["200"]["content"]["application/json"]["schema"][
+                "$ref"
+            ]
+            == "#/components/schemas/HeroPublicWithTeam"
+        )
 
         # Check HeroCreate schema for age and team_id nullability based on IsDict usage in original
-        hero_create_props = openapi_schema["components"]["schemas"]["HeroCreate"]["properties"]
+        hero_create_props = openapi_schema["components"]["schemas"]["HeroCreate"][
+            "properties"
+        ]
         # For Pydantic v2 style (anyOf with type and null) vs Pydantic v1 (just type, optionality by not being in required)
         # This test was written with IsDict which complicates exact schema matching without knowing SQLModel version's Pydantic interaction
         # For simplicity, we check if 'age' and 'team_id' are present. Detailed check would need to adapt to SQLModel's Pydantic version.
@@ -203,11 +218,19 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         # It's better to check for key components and structures.
 
         # Check if TeamPublicWithHeroes has heroes list
-        team_public_with_heroes_props = openapi_schema["components"]["schemas"]["TeamPublicWithHeroes"]["properties"]
+        team_public_with_heroes_props = openapi_schema["components"]["schemas"][
+            "TeamPublicWithHeroes"
+        ]["properties"]
         assert "heroes" in team_public_with_heroes_props
         assert team_public_with_heroes_props["heroes"]["type"] == "array"
         # short_module_name is already defined
         if short_module_name == "tutorial001_py310":
-            assert team_public_with_heroes_props["heroes"]["items"]["$ref"] == "#/components/schemas/HeroPublic" # tutorial001_py310 uses HeroPublic for heroes list
+            assert (
+                team_public_with_heroes_props["heroes"]["items"]["$ref"]
+                == "#/components/schemas/HeroPublic"
+            )  # tutorial001_py310 uses HeroPublic for heroes list
         else:
-            assert team_public_with_heroes_props["heroes"]["items"]["$ref"] == "#/components/schemas/HeroPublic" # Original tutorial001.py seems to imply HeroPublic as well.
+            assert (
+                team_public_with_heroes_props["heroes"]["items"]["$ref"]
+                == "#/components/schemas/HeroPublic"
+            )  # Original tutorial001.py seems to imply HeroPublic as well.

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_response_model/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Any
 import pytest
 from dirty_equals import IsDict
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import SQLModel, create_engine
 from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_session_with_dependency/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Any
 import pytest
 from dirty_equals import IsDict
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
 from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
@@ -94,7 +94,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         # Given typical auto-increment, ID 9000 for hero2 is unlikely unless DB is reset and hero2 is first entry.
         # The original test implies hero2_data's ID is not necessarily the created ID.
         response = client.get("/heroes/9000")  # Check for a potentially non-existent ID
-        assert response.status_code == 404, response.text # Expect 404 if 9000 is not hero2_id and not another hero's ID
+        assert response.status_code == 404, (
+            response.text
+        )  # Expect 404 if 9000 is not hero2_id and not another hero's ID
 
         response = client.get("/heroes/")
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
@@ -106,7 +108,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         )
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
 
-        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}) # Non-existent ID
+        response = client.patch(
+            "/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}
+        )  # Non-existent ID
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
@@ -117,7 +121,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         data = response.json()
         assert len(data) == 2
 
-        response = client.delete("/heroes/9000") # Non-existent ID (same as the GET check)
+        response = client.delete(
+            "/heroes/9000"
+        )  # Non-existent ID (same as the GET check)
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.get("/openapi.json")

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_simple_hero_api/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@ from typing import Any
 import pytest
 from dirty_equals import IsDict
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
 from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
 
 # Adjust the import path based on the file's new location or structure
 # Assuming conftest.py is located at tests/conftest.py
-from ....conftest import needs_py310 # This needs to be relative to this file's location
+from ....conftest import (
+    needs_py310,  # This needs to be relative to this file's location
+)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(
@@ -23,9 +25,7 @@ from ....conftest import needs_py310 # This needs to be relative to this file's
 )
 def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     module_name = request.param
-    full_module_name = (
+    full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.simple_hero_api.{module_name}"
-        f"docs_src.tutorial.fastapi.simple_hero_api.{module_name}"
-    )
 
     if full_module_name in sys.modules:
         mod = importlib.reload(sys.modules[full_module_name])
@@ -48,7 +48,9 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     return mod
 
 
-def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used by get_module
+def test_tutorial(
+    module: types.ModuleType,
+):  # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used by get_module
     with TestClient(module.app) as client:
         hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
         hero2_data = {

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_teams/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Any
 import pytest
 from dirty_equals import IsDict
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
 from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     return mod
 
 
-def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used by get_module
+def test_tutorial(
+    module: types.ModuleType,
+):  # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used by get_module
     with TestClient(module.app) as client:
         # Hero Operations
         hero1_data = {"name": "Deadpond", "secret_name": "Dive Wilson"}
@@ -69,8 +71,10 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used
         response = client.get(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")  # Use DB generated ID
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
 
-        response = client.get("/heroes/9000") # Check for ID 9000 specifically (could be hero2_id or not)
+        response = client.get(
-        if hero2_id == 9000 : # If hero2 got ID 9000
+            "/heroes/9000"
+        )  # Check for ID 9000 specifically (could be hero2_id or not)
+        if hero2_id == 9000:  # If hero2 got ID 9000
             assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
         else:  # If hero2 got a different ID, then 9000 should not exist
             assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
@@ -80,10 +84,14 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used
         data = response.json()
         assert len(data) == 3
 
-        response = client.patch(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"})
+        response = client.patch(
+            f"/heroes/{hero2_id}", json={"secret_name": "Spider-Youngster"}
+        )
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
 
-        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}) # Non-existent ID
+        response = client.patch(
+            "/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}
+        )  # Non-existent ID
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.delete(f"/heroes/{hero2_id}")
@@ -95,12 +103,18 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used
         assert len(data) == 2
 
         response = client.delete("/heroes/9000")  # Try deleting ID 9000
-        if hero2_id == 9000 and hero2_id not in [h["id"] for h in data]: # If it was hero2's ID and hero2 was deleted
+        if hero2_id == 9000 and hero2_id not in [
+            h["id"] for h in data
+        ]:  # If it was hero2's ID and hero2 was deleted
             assert response.status_code == 404  # Already deleted
-        elif hero2_id != 9000 and 9000 not in [h["id"] for h in data]: # If 9000 was never a valid ID among current heroes
+        elif hero2_id != 9000 and 9000 not in [
+            h["id"] for h in data
+        ]:  # If 9000 was never a valid ID among current heroes
             assert response.status_code == 404
         else:  # If 9000 was a valid ID of another hero still present (should not happen with current data)
-            assert response.status_code == 200 # This case is unlikely with current test data
+            assert (
+                response.status_code == 200
+            )  # This case is unlikely with current test data
 
         # Team Operations
         team_preventers_data = {"name": "Preventers", "headquarters": "Sharp Tower"}
@@ -139,7 +153,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType): # clear_sqlmodel is implicitly used
         assert data["name"] == team_preventers_data["name"]  # Name should be unchanged
         assert data["headquarters"] == "Preventers Tower"
 
-        response = client.patch("/teams/9000", json={"name": "Freedom League"}) # Non-existent
+        response = client.patch(
+            "/teams/9000", json={"name": "Freedom League"}
+        )  # Non-existent
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.delete(f"/teams/{team_preventers_id}")

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_update/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Any
 import pytest
 from dirty_equals import IsDict
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
 from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
@@ -93,7 +93,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         )
         data = response.json()
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
-        assert data["name"] == hero2_created["name"] # Name should not change from created state
+        assert (
+            data["name"] == hero2_created["name"]
+        )  # Name should not change from created state
         assert data["secret_name"] == "Spider-Youngster"
 
         response = client.patch(f"/heroes/{hero3_id}", json={"age": None})
@@ -102,7 +104,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         assert data["name"] == hero3_created["name"]
         assert data["age"] is None
 
-        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}) # Non-existent ID
+        response = client.patch(
+            "/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}
+        )  # Non-existent ID
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.get("/openapi.json")
@@ -356,7 +360,10 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
                                 }
                             )
                             | IsDict(
-                                {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"} # Pydantic v1
+                                {
+                                    "title": "Secret Name",
+                                    "type": "string",
+                                }  # Pydantic v1
                             ),
                             "age": IsDict(
                                 {

tests/test_tutorial/test_fastapi/test_update/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Any
 import pytest
 from dirty_equals import IsDict
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session
+from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine
 from sqlmodel.pool import StaticPool
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310
@@ -102,7 +102,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
         with Session(module.engine) as session:
             hero1_db = session.get(module.Hero, hero1_id)
             assert hero1_db
-            assert not hasattr(hero1_db, "password") # Model should not have 'password' field after read from DB
+            assert not hasattr(
+                hero1_db, "password"
+            )  # Model should not have 'password' field after read from DB
             assert hero1_db.hashed_password == "not really hashed chimichanga hehehe"
 
             hero2_db = session.get(module.Hero, hero2_id)
@@ -128,7 +130,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
             hero2b_db = session.get(module.Hero, hero2_id)
             assert hero2b_db
             assert not hasattr(hero2b_db, "password")
-            assert hero2b_db.hashed_password == "not really hashed auntmay hehehe" # Password shouldn't change on this patch
+            assert (
+                hero2b_db.hashed_password == "not really hashed auntmay hehehe"
+            )  # Password shouldn't change on this patch
 
         response = client.patch(f"/heroes/{hero3_id}", json={"age": None})
         data = response.json()
@@ -156,15 +160,21 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
             hero3c_db = session.get(module.Hero, hero3_id)  # Renamed to avoid confusion
             assert hero3c_db
             assert not hasattr(hero3c_db, "password")
-            assert hero3c_db.hashed_password == "not really hashed philantroplayboy hehehe"
+            assert (
+                hero3c_db.hashed_password == "not really hashed philantroplayboy hehehe"
+            )
 
-        response = client.patch("/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}) # Non-existent
+        response = client.patch(
+            "/heroes/9001", json={"name": "Dragon Cube X"}
+        )  # Non-existent
         assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
 
         response = client.get("/openapi.json")
         assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
         # OpenAPI schema is consistent
-        assert response.json() == {
+        assert (
+            response.json()
+            == {
                 "openapi": "3.1.0",
                 "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
                 "paths": {
@@ -361,10 +371,16 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
                             "type": "object",
                             "properties": {
                                 "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
-                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                                "secret_name": {
+                                    "title": "Secret Name",
+                                    "type": "string",
+                                },
                                 "age": IsDict(
                                     {
-                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "integer"}, {"type": "null"}],
+                                        "anyOf": [
+                                            {"type": "integer"},
+                                            {"type": "null"},
+                                        ],
                                         "title": "Age",
                                     }
                                 )
@@ -380,10 +396,16 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
                             "type": "object",
                             "properties": {
                                 "name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"},
-                            "secret_name": {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"},
+                                "secret_name": {
+                                    "title": "Secret Name",
+                                    "type": "string",
+                                },
                                 "age": IsDict(
                                     {
-                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "integer"}, {"type": "null"}],
+                                        "anyOf": [
+                                            {"type": "integer"},
+                                            {"type": "null"},
+                                        ],
                                         "title": "Age",
                                     }
                                 )
@@ -413,11 +435,17 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
                                     }
                                 )
                                 | IsDict(
-                                {"title": "Secret Name", "type": "string"} # Pydantic v1
+                                    {
+                                        "title": "Secret Name",
+                                        "type": "string",
+                                    }  # Pydantic v1
                                 ),
                                 "age": IsDict(
                                     {
-                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "integer"}, {"type": "null"}],
+                                        "anyOf": [
+                                            {"type": "integer"},
+                                            {"type": "null"},
+                                        ],
                                         "title": "Age",
                                     }
                                 )
@@ -431,7 +459,10 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
                                     }
                                 )
                                 | IsDict(
-                                {"title": "Password", "type": "string"} # Pydantic v1
+                                    {
+                                        "title": "Password",
+                                        "type": "string",
+                                    }  # Pydantic v1
                                 ),
                             },
                         },
@@ -444,7 +475,10 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
                                     "title": "Location",
                                     "type": "array",
                                     "items": {
-                                    "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "integer"}]
+                                        "anyOf": [
+                                            {"type": "string"},
+                                            {"type": "integer"},
+                                        ]
                                     },
                                 },
                                 "msg": {"title": "Message", "type": "string"},
@@ -454,3 +488,4 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType):
                     }
                 },
             }
+        )

tests/test_tutorial/test_indexes/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ from unittest.mock import patch
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
 from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel # Added SQLModel for potential use if main doesn't create tables
+from sqlmodel import (  # Added SQLModel for potential use if main doesn't create tables
+    create_engine,
+)
 
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(
@@ -19,7 +21,9 @@ from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
         pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
     ],
 )
-def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any): # clear_sqlmodel ensures fresh DB state
+def get_module(
+    request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any
+):  # clear_sqlmodel ensures fresh DB state
     module_name = request.param
     full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.indexes.{module_name}"
 
@@ -31,17 +35,20 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any): # clear_sql
     # These tests usually define engine in their main() or globally.
     # We'll ensure it's set up for the test a standard way.
     mod.sqlite_url = "sqlite://"
-    mod.engine = create_engine(mod.sqlite_url) # connect_args not typically in these non-FastAPI examples
+    mod.engine = create_engine(
+        mod.sqlite_url
+    )  # connect_args not typically in these non-FastAPI examples
 
     # Ensure tables are created. Some tutorials do it in main, others expect it externally.
     # If mod.main() is expected to create tables, this might be redundant but safe.
     # If Hero model is defined globally, SQLModel.metadata.create_all(mod.engine) can be used.
     if hasattr(mod, "Hero") and hasattr(mod.Hero, "metadata"):
         mod.Hero.metadata.create_all(mod.engine)
-    elif hasattr(mod, "SQLModel") and hasattr(mod.SQLModel, "metadata"): # Fallback if Hero specific metadata not found
+    elif hasattr(mod, "SQLModel") and hasattr(
+        mod.SQLModel, "metadata"
+    ):  # Fallback if Hero specific metadata not found
         mod.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(mod.engine)
 
-
     return mod
 
 
@@ -83,23 +90,30 @@ def test_tutorial(print_mock: PrintMock, module: types.ModuleType):
 
     found_indexes_simplified = []
     for index in indexes:
-        found_indexes_simplified.append({
+        found_indexes_simplified.append(
+            {
                 "name": index["name"],
                 "column_names": sorted(index["column_names"]),  # Sort for consistency
                 "unique": index["unique"],
                 # Not including dialect_options as it can vary or be empty
-        })
+            }
+        )
 
     expected_indexes_simplified = []
     for index in expected_indexes:
-        expected_indexes_simplified.append({
+        expected_indexes_simplified.append(
+            {
                 "name": index["name"],
                 "column_names": sorted(index["column_names"]),
                 "unique": index["unique"],
-        })
+            }
+        )
 
     for expected_index in expected_indexes_simplified:
-        assert expected_index in found_indexes_simplified, f"Expected index {expected_index['name']} not found or mismatch."
+        assert expected_index in found_indexes_simplified, (
+            f"Expected index {expected_index['name']} not found or mismatch."
+        )
 
-    assert len(found_indexes_simplified) == len(expected_indexes_simplified), \
+    assert len(found_indexes_simplified) == len(expected_indexes_simplified), (
         f"Mismatch in number of indexes. Found: {len(found_indexes_simplified)}, Expected: {len(expected_indexes_simplified)}"
+    )

tests/test_tutorial/test_indexes/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ from unittest.mock import patch
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy import inspect
 from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel # Added SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine  # Added SQLModel
 
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(
@@ -69,22 +69,29 @@ def test_tutorial(print_mock: PrintMock, module: types.ModuleType):
 
     found_indexes_simplified = []
     for index in indexes:
-        found_indexes_simplified.append({
+        found_indexes_simplified.append(
+            {
                 "name": index["name"],
                 "column_names": sorted(index["column_names"]),
                 "unique": index["unique"],
-        })
+            }
+        )
 
     expected_indexes_simplified = []
     for index in expected_indexes:
-        expected_indexes_simplified.append({
+        expected_indexes_simplified.append(
+            {
                 "name": index["name"],
                 "column_names": sorted(index["column_names"]),
                 "unique": index["unique"],
-        })
+            }
+        )
 
     for expected_index in expected_indexes_simplified:
-        assert expected_index in found_indexes_simplified, f"Expected index {expected_index['name']} not found or mismatch."
+        assert expected_index in found_indexes_simplified, (
+            f"Expected index {expected_index['name']} not found or mismatch."
+        )
 
-    assert len(found_indexes_simplified) == len(expected_indexes_simplified), \
+    assert len(found_indexes_simplified) == len(expected_indexes_simplified), (
         f"Mismatch in number of indexes. Found: {len(found_indexes_simplified)}, Expected: {len(expected_indexes_simplified)}"
+    )

tests/test_tutorial/test_insert/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -4,7 +4,11 @@ import types
 from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session, select # Ensure all necessary SQLModel parts are imported
+from sqlmodel import (  # Ensure all necessary SQLModel parts are imported
+    Session,
+    create_engine,
+    select,
+)
 
 from ...conftest import needs_py310  # Adjusted for typical conftest location
 
@@ -39,7 +43,9 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     return mod
 
 
-def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType, clear_sqlmodel: Any): # clear_sqlmodel still useful for DB state
+def test_tutorial(
+    module: types.ModuleType, clear_sqlmodel: Any
+):  # clear_sqlmodel still useful for DB state
     # If module.main() is responsible for creating data and potentially tables, call it.
     # The fixture get_module now ensures the engine is set and tables are created if models are defined.
     # If main() also sets up engine/tables, ensure it's idempotent or adjust.

tests/test_tutorial/test_insert/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import types
 from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session, select
+from sqlmodel import Session, SQLModel, create_engine, select
 
-from ...conftest import needs_py310, clear_sqlmodel as clear_sqlmodel_fixture # Use aliased import
+from ...conftest import needs_py310  # Use aliased import
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(
@@ -76,7 +76,9 @@ def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel_fixture: Any):
     return mod_tut002
 
 
-def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType, clear_sqlmodel_fixture: Any): # `module` is tutorial002 with .Team attached
+def test_tutorial(
+    module: types.ModuleType, clear_sqlmodel_fixture: Any
+):  # `module` is tutorial002 with .Team attached
     module.main()  # Executes the tutorial002's data insertion logic
 
     with Session(module.engine) as session:
@@ -88,7 +90,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType, clear_sqlmodel_fixture: Any): # `mod
             select(module.Team).where(module.Team.name == "Preventers")
         ).one()
         assert hero_spider_boy.team_id == team_preventers.id
-        assert hero_spider_boy.team == team_preventers # This checks the relationship resolves
+        assert (
+            hero_spider_boy.team == team_preventers
+        )  # This checks the relationship resolves
 
         heroes = session.exec(select(module.Hero)).all()
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_insert/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import types
 from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session, select
+from sqlmodel import Session, create_engine, select
 
 from ...conftest import needs_py310
 
@@ -32,9 +32,13 @@ def get_module(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     # It's likely main() handles this. If not, direct creation is a fallback.
     if hasattr(mod, "create_db_and_tables"):  # Some tutorials use this helper
         mod.create_db_and_tables()
-    elif hasattr(mod, "Hero") and hasattr(mod.Hero, "metadata"): # Check for Hero model metadata
+    elif hasattr(mod, "Hero") and hasattr(
+        mod.Hero, "metadata"
+    ):  # Check for Hero model metadata
         mod.Hero.metadata.create_all(mod.engine)
-    elif hasattr(mod, "SQLModel") and hasattr(mod.SQLModel, "metadata"): # Generic fallback
+    elif hasattr(mod, "SQLModel") and hasattr(
+        mod.SQLModel, "metadata"
+    ):  # Generic fallback
         mod.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(mod.engine)
 
     return mod

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel # Added SQLModel for table creation
+from sqlmodel import create_engine  # Added SQLModel for table creation
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [  # Renamed to be specific
     [
@@ -33,7 +32,9 @@ expected_calls_tutorial001 = [ # Renamed to be specific
         pytest.param("tutorial001_py310", marks=needs_py310),
     ],
 )
-def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any): # Changed name for clarity
+def module_fixture(
+    request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any
+):  # Changed name for clarity
     module_name = request.param
     # Corrected module path
     full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.offset_and_limit.{module_name}"

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial002 = [  # Renamed for specificity
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial003 = [  # Renamed for specificity
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_limit_and_offset/test_tutorial004.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial004 = [  # Renamed for specificity
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [  # Renamed for specificity
     [
@@ -68,7 +67,9 @@ def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
         # We assume it's called by main() or the test setup is fine if it's not explicitly called here.
         pass
     elif hasattr(mod, "SQLModel") and hasattr(mod.SQLModel, "metadata"):
-         mod.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(mod.engine) # Create all tables known to this module's metadata
+        mod.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(
+            mod.engine
+        )  # Create all tables known to this module's metadata
 
     return mod
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial002 = [  # Renamed for specificity
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_many_to_many/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial003 = [  # Renamed for specificity
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel # Added SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine  # Added SQLModel
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial002 = [["Hero:", None]]
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial003 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial004.py

@@ -6,10 +6,13 @@ from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy.exc import MultipleResultsFound  # Keep this import
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session, delete # Ensure Session and delete are imported
+from sqlmodel import (  # Ensure Session and delete are imported
-
+    Session,
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
+    create_engine,
+    delete,
+)
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial004 = [
     [
@@ -69,7 +72,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType, print_mock: PrintMock, clear_sqlmode
     with Session(module.engine) as session:
         # The delete statement needs the actual Hero class from the module
         session.exec(delete(module.Hero))
-        session.add(module.Hero(name="Test Hero", secret_name="Secret Test Hero", age=24))
+        session.add(
+            module.Hero(name="Test Hero", secret_name="Secret Test Hero", age=24)
+        )
         session.commit()
 
     # Now, test the select_heroes function part

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial005.py

@@ -6,10 +6,13 @@ from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy.exc import NoResultFound  # Keep this import
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session, delete # Ensure Session and delete
+from sqlmodel import (  # Ensure Session and delete
-
+    Session,
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
+    create_engine,
+    delete,
+)
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial005 = [
     [
@@ -74,8 +77,12 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType, print_mock: PrintMock, clear_sqlmode
     # Phase 2: Test select_heroes() after manually adding a hero
     # This part matches the original test's logic after the expected exception.
     with Session(module.engine) as session:
-        session.exec(delete(module.Hero)) # Clear any heroes if main() somehow added them
+        session.exec(
-        session.add(module.Hero(name="Test Hero", secret_name="Secret Test Hero", age=24))
+            delete(module.Hero)
+        )  # Clear any heroes if main() somehow added them
+        session.add(
+            module.Hero(name="Test Hero", secret_name="Secret Test Hero", age=24)
+        )
         session.commit()
 
     with patch("builtins.print", new=get_testing_print_function(print_mock.calls)):

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial006.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial006 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial007.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial007 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial008.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial008 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_one/test_tutorial009.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial009 = [["Hero:", None]]
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy.exc import SAWarning  # Keep this import
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
     [
@@ -287,7 +286,9 @@ expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
 )
 def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     module_name = request.param
-    full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates.{module_name}"
+    full_module_name = (
+        f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates.{module_name}"
+    )
 
     if full_module_name in sys.modules:
         mod = importlib.reload(sys.modules[full_module_name])

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
+
 # SAWarning is not expected in this tutorial's test, so not importing it from sqlalchemy.exc
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial002 = [
     [
@@ -280,7 +280,9 @@ expected_calls_tutorial002 = [
 )
 def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     module_name = request.param
-    full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates.{module_name}"
+    full_module_name = (
+        f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates.{module_name}"
+    )
 
     if full_module_name in sys.modules:
         mod = importlib.reload(sys.modules[full_module_name])

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_back_populates/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Any
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy import inspect  # Keep this
 from sqlalchemy.engine.reflection import Inspector  # Keep this
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
 
 from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310  # Keep conftest imports
 
@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@ from ....conftest import needs_py39, needs_py310 # Keep conftest imports
 )
 def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     module_name = request.param
-    full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates.{module_name}"
+    full_module_name = (
+        f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.back_populates.{module_name}"
+    )
 
     if full_module_name in sys.modules:
         mod = importlib.reload(sys.modules[full_module_name])
@@ -41,7 +43,9 @@ def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     return mod
 
 
-def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType, clear_sqlmodel: Any): # print_mock not needed
+def test_tutorial(
+    module: types.ModuleType, clear_sqlmodel: Any
+):  # print_mock not needed
     # The main() function in the tutorial module is expected to create tables.
     module.main()
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_create_and_update_relationships/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
 
 # Assuming conftest.py is at tests/conftest.py, the path should be ....conftest
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
-
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_define_relationship_attributes/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
 
 # Adjust the import path based on the file's new location or structure
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
-
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_delete_records_relationship/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_delete_records_relationship/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial002 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_delete_records_relationship/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial003 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_delete_records_relationship/test_tutorial004.py

@@ -6,10 +6,11 @@ from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session, select, delete # Added Session, select, delete just in case module uses them
+from sqlmodel import (  # Added Session, select, delete just in case module uses them
-
+    create_engine,
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
+)
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial004 = [
     [
@@ -138,7 +139,9 @@ def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     # However, if other functions from module were tested independently, tables would need to exist.
     # For safety and consistency with other fixtures:
     if hasattr(mod, "SQLModel") and hasattr(mod.SQLModel, "metadata"):
-         mod.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(mod.engine) # Ensure tables are there before main might use them.
+        mod.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(
+            mod.engine
+        )  # Ensure tables are there before main might use them.
 
     return mod
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_delete_records_relationship/test_tutorial005.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial005 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_read_relationships/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
     [
@@ -106,7 +105,9 @@ expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
 )
 def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     module_name = request.param
-    full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships.{module_name}"
+    full_module_name = (
+        f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships.{module_name}"
+    )
 
     if full_module_name in sys.modules:
         mod = importlib.reload(sys.modules[full_module_name])

tests/test_tutorial/test_relationship_attributes/test_read_relationships/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ....conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ....conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py39, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial002 = [
     [
@@ -148,7 +147,9 @@ expected_calls_tutorial002 = [
 )
 def module_fixture(request: pytest.FixtureRequest, clear_sqlmodel: Any):
     module_name = request.param
-    full_module_name = f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships.{module_name}"
+    full_module_name = (
+        f"docs_src.tutorial.relationship_attributes.read_relationships.{module_name}"
+    )
 
     if full_module_name in sys.modules:
         mod = importlib.reload(sys.modules[full_module_name])

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial001 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial002.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial002 = [
     [

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial003.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 # expected_calls is defined within the test_tutorial function in the original test
 # This is fine as it's used only there.
@@ -58,7 +57,9 @@ def test_tutorial(module: types.ModuleType, print_mock: PrintMock, clear_sqlmode
         ],
     ]
     # Preserve the original assertion logic
-    for call_item in expected_calls: # Renamed to avoid conflict with outer scope 'calls' if any
+    for (
+        call_item
+    ) in expected_calls:  # Renamed to avoid conflict with outer scope 'calls' if any
         assert call_item in print_mock.calls, "This expected item should be in the list"
         print_mock.calls.pop(print_mock.calls.index(call_item))
     assert len(print_mock.calls) == 0, "The list should only have the expected items"

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial004.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 # expected_calls is defined within the test_tutorial function in the original test
 

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial005.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial005 = [
     [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}]

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial006.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial006 = [
     [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}],

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial007.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial007 = [
     [{"id": 5, "name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35}],

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial008.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial008 = [
     [{"id": 5, "name": "Black Lion", "secret_name": "Trevor Challa", "age": 35}],

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial009.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial009 = [
     [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}],

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial010.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 expected_calls_tutorial010 = [
     [{"name": "Tarantula", "secret_name": "Natalia Roman-on", "age": 32, "id": 4}],

tests/test_tutorial/test_where/test_tutorial011.py

@@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
-from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel
+from sqlmodel import create_engine
-
-from ...conftest import get_testing_print_function, needs_py310, PrintMock
 
+from ...conftest import PrintMock, get_testing_print_function, needs_py310
 
 # expected_calls is defined within the test_tutorial function in the original test