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<h1 id="create-a-user-programmatically">Create a user programmatically<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-user-programmatically" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>Sometimes, you'll need to create a user programmatically in the code rather than passing by the REST API endpoint. To do this, we'll create a function that you can call from your code.</p>
<p>In this context, we are outside the dependency injection mechanism of FastAPI, so we have to take care of instantiating the <a href="../../configuration/user-manager/"><code>UserManager</code> class</a> and all other dependent objects <strong>manually</strong>.</p>
<p>For this cookbook, we'll consider you are starting from the <a href="../../configuration/full-example/">SQLAlchemy full example</a>, but it'll be rather similar for other DBMS.</p>
<h2 id="1-define-dependencies-as-context-managers">1. Define dependencies as context managers<a class="headerlink" href="#1-define-dependencies-as-context-managers" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Generally, FastAPI dependencies are defined as <strong>generators</strong>, using the <code>yield</code> keyword. FastAPI knows very well to handle them inside its dependency injection system. For example, here is the definition of the <code>get_user_manager</code> dependency:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get_user_manager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">user_db</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemyUserDatabase</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Depends</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_user_db</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get_user_manager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">user_db</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">SQLAlchemyUserDatabase</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Depends</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_user_db</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a> <span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">UserManager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">user_db</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>In Python, when we want to use a generator, we have to use a <code>for</code> loop, which would be a bit unnatural in this context since we have only one value to get, the user manager instance. To avoid this, we'll transform them into <strong>context managers</strong>, so we can call them using the <code>with..as</code> syntax. Fortunately, the standard library provides tools to automatically transform generators into context managers.</p>
<p>In the following sample, we import our dependencies and create a context manager version using <code>contextlib.asynccontextmanager</code>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">contextlib</span>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">contextlib</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">app.db</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_async_session</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">get_user_db</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">app.schemas</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserCreate</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">app.users</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_user_manager</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fastapi_users.exceptions</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserAlreadyExists</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">app.db</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_async_session</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">get_user_db</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">app.schemas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserCreate</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">app.users</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_user_manager</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi_users.exceptions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserAlreadyExists</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="hll"><span class="n">get_async_session_context</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">contextlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asynccontextmanager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_async_session</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="hll"><span class="n">get_user_db_context</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">contextlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asynccontextmanager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_user_db</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="hll"><span class="n">get_user_manager_context</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">contextlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asynccontextmanager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_user_manager</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">create_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">password</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">is_superuser</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">create_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">password</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">is_superuser</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a> <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">get_async_session_context</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">session</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">get_user_db_context</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">user_db</span><span class="p">:</span>
@@ -1613,19 +1718,19 @@
</div>
<h2 id="2-write-a-function">2. Write a function<a class="headerlink" href="#2-write-a-function" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>We are now ready to write a function. The example below shows you a basic example but you can of course adapt it to your own needs. The key part here is once again to <strong>take care of opening every context managers and pass them every required arguments</strong>, as the dependency manager would do.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">contextlib</span>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">contextlib</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">app.db</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_async_session</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">get_user_db</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">app.schemas</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserCreate</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">app.users</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_user_manager</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">fastapi_users.exceptions</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserAlreadyExists</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">app.db</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_async_session</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">get_user_db</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">app.schemas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserCreate</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">app.users</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">get_user_manager</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi_users.exceptions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserAlreadyExists</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="n">get_async_session_context</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">contextlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asynccontextmanager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_async_session</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="n">get_user_db_context</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">contextlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asynccontextmanager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_user_db</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="n">get_user_manager_context</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">contextlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asynccontextmanager</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_user_manager</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="hll"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">create_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">password</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">is_superuser</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="hll"><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">create_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">password</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">is_superuser</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">):</span>
</span><a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="hll"> <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="hll"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">get_async_session_context</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">session</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="hll"> <span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">get_user_db_context</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">user_db</span><span class="p">:</span>
@@ -1643,7 +1748,7 @@
</span></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="3-use-it">3. Use it<a class="headerlink" href="#3-use-it" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>You can now easily use it in a script. For example:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">asyncio</span>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">asyncio</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;__main__&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a> <span class="n">asyncio</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">create_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;king.arthur@camelot.bt&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;guinevere&quot;</span><span class="p">))</span>
@@ -1700,10 +1805,12 @@
</div>
<script id="__config" type="application/json">{"base": "../..", "features": ["navigation.instant", "navigation.top", "navigation.sections", "search.suggest", "search.highlight", "content.code.annotate"], "search": "../../assets/javascripts/workers/search.6ce7567c.min.js", "translations": {"clipboard.copied": "Copied to clipboard", "clipboard.copy": "Copy to clipboard", "search.result.more.one": "1 more on this page", "search.result.more.other": "# more on this page", "search.result.none": "No matching documents", "search.result.one": "1 matching document", "search.result.other": "# matching documents", "search.result.placeholder": "Type to start searching", "search.result.term.missing": "Missing", "select.version": "Select version"}, "version": {"provider": "mike"}}</script>
<script id="__config" type="application/json">{"base": "../..", "features": ["navigation.instant", "navigation.top", "navigation.sections", "search.suggest", "search.highlight", "content.code.annotate"], "search": "../../assets/javascripts/workers/search.973d3a69.min.js", "tags": null, "translations": {"clipboard.copied": "Copied to clipboard", "clipboard.copy": "Copy to clipboard", "search.result.more.one": "1 more on this page", "search.result.more.other": "# more on this page", "search.result.none": "No matching documents", "search.result.one": "1 matching document", "search.result.other": "# matching documents", "search.result.placeholder": "Type to start searching", "search.result.term.missing": "Missing", "select.version": "Select version"}, "version": {"provider": "mike"}}</script>
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