yii2/tests/framework/db/CommandTest.php

<?php

/**
 * @link https://www.yiiframework.com/
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2008 Yii Software LLC
 * @license https://www.yiiframework.com/license/
 */

namespace yiiunit\framework\db;

use ArrayObject;
use yii\caching\ArrayCache;
use yii\db\Connection;
use yii\db\DataReader;
use yii\db\Exception;
use yii\db\Expression;
use yii\db\Query;
use yii\db\Schema;

abstract class CommandTest extends DatabaseTestCase
{
    protected $upsertTestCharCast = 'CAST([[address]] AS VARCHAR(255))';

    public function testConstruct(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);

        // null
        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $this->assertNull($command->sql);

        // string
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM customer';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $this->assertEquals($sql, $command->sql);
    }

    public function testGetSetSql(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);

        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM customer';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $this->assertEquals($sql, $command->sql);

        $sql2 = 'SELECT * FROM order';
        $command->sql = $sql2;
        $this->assertEquals($sql2, $command->sql);
    }

    public function testAutoQuoting(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);

        $sql = 'SELECT [[id]], [[t.name]] FROM {{customer}} t';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $this->assertEquals('SELECT `id`, `t`.`name` FROM `customer` t', $command->sql);
    }

    public function testPrepareCancel(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);

        $command = $db->createCommand('SELECT * FROM {{customer}}');
        $this->assertNull($command->pdoStatement);
        $command->prepare();
        $this->assertNotNull($command->pdoStatement);
        $command->cancel();
        $this->assertNull($command->pdoStatement);
    }

    public function testExecute(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $sql = 'INSERT INTO {{customer}}([[email]], [[name]], [[address]]) VALUES (\'user4@example.com\', \'user4\', \'address4\')';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $this->assertEquals(1, $command->execute());

        $sql = 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[name]] = \'user4\'';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $this->assertEquals(1, $command->queryScalar());

        $command = $db->createCommand('bad SQL');
        $this->expectException('\yii\db\Exception');
        $command->execute();
    }

    public function testQuery(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        // query
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}}';
        $reader = $db->createCommand($sql)->query();
        $this->assertInstanceOf(DataReader::class, $reader);

        // queryAll
        $rows = $db->createCommand('SELECT * FROM {{customer}}')->queryAll();
        $this->assertCount(3, $rows);
        $row = $rows[2];
        $this->assertEquals(3, $row['id']);
        $this->assertEquals('user3', $row['name']);

        $rows = $db->createCommand('SELECT * FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[id]] = 10')->queryAll();
        $this->assertEquals([], $rows);

        // queryOne
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}} ORDER BY [[id]]';
        $row = $db->createCommand($sql)->queryOne();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $row['id']);
        $this->assertEquals('user1', $row['name']);

        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}} ORDER BY [[id]]';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->prepare();
        $row = $command->queryOne();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $row['id']);
        $this->assertEquals('user1', $row['name']);

        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[id]] = 10';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $this->assertFalse($command->queryOne());

        // queryColumn
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}}';
        $column = $db->createCommand($sql)->queryColumn();
        $this->assertEquals(range(1, 3), $column);

        $command = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[id]] FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[id]] = 10');
        $this->assertEquals([], $command->queryColumn());

        // queryScalar
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}} ORDER BY [[id]]';
        $this->assertEquals($db->createCommand($sql)->queryScalar(), 1);

        $sql = 'SELECT [[id]] FROM {{customer}} ORDER BY [[id]]';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->prepare();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $command->queryScalar());

        $command = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[id]] FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[id]] = 10');
        $this->assertFalse($command->queryScalar());

        $command = $db->createCommand('bad SQL');
        $this->expectException('\yii\db\Exception');
        $command->query();
    }

    public function testBindParamValue(): void
    {
        if (\defined('HHVM_VERSION') && $this->driverName === 'pgsql') {
            $this->markTestSkipped('HHVMs PgSQL implementation has some specific behavior that breaks some parts of this test.');
        }

        $db = $this->getConnection();

        // bindParam
        $sql = 'INSERT INTO {{customer}}([[email]], [[name]], [[address]]) VALUES (:email, :name, :address)';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $email = 'user4@example.com';
        $name = 'user4';
        $address = 'address4';
        $command->bindParam(':email', $email);
        $command->bindParam(':name', $name);
        $command->bindParam(':address', $address);
        $command->execute();

        $sql = 'SELECT [[name]] FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[email]] = :email';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->bindParam(':email', $email);
        $this->assertEquals($name, $command->queryScalar());

        $sql = <<<'SQL'
INSERT INTO {{type}} ([[int_col]], [[char_col]], [[float_col]], [[blob_col]], [[numeric_col]], [[bool_col]])
  VALUES (:int_col, :char_col, :float_col, :blob_col, :numeric_col, :bool_col)
SQL;
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $intCol = 123;
        $charCol = str_repeat('abc', 33) . 'x'; // a 100 char string
        $command->bindParam(':int_col', $intCol, \PDO::PARAM_INT);
        $command->bindParam(':char_col', $charCol);
        if ($this->driverName === 'oci') {
            // can't bind floats without support from a custom PDO driver
            $floatCol = 2;
            $numericCol = 3;
            // can't use blobs without support from a custom PDO driver
            $blobCol = null;
            // You can create a table with a column of datatype CHAR(1) and store either “Y” or “N” in that column
            // to indicate TRUE or FALSE.
            $boolCol = '0';
            $command->bindParam(':float_col', $floatCol, \PDO::PARAM_INT);
            $command->bindParam(':numeric_col', $numericCol, \PDO::PARAM_INT);
            $command->bindParam(':blob_col', $blobCol);
            $command->bindParam(':bool_col', $boolCol, \PDO::PARAM_BOOL);
        } else {
            $floatCol = 1.230;
            $numericCol = '1.23';
            $blobCol = "\x10\x11\x12";
            $boolCol = false;
            $command->bindParam(':float_col', $floatCol);
            $command->bindParam(':numeric_col', $numericCol);
            $command->bindParam(':blob_col', $blobCol);
            $command->bindParam(':bool_col', $boolCol, \PDO::PARAM_BOOL);
        }
        $this->assertEquals(1, $command->execute());

        $command = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[int_col]], [[char_col]], [[float_col]], [[blob_col]], [[numeric_col]], [[bool_col]] FROM {{type}}');
        //        $command->prepare();
        //        $command->pdoStatement->bindColumn('blob_col', $bc, \PDO::PARAM_LOB);
        $row = $command->queryOne();
        $this->assertEquals($intCol, $row['int_col']);
        $this->assertEquals($charCol, $row['char_col']);
        $this->assertEquals($floatCol, (float) $row['float_col']);
        if ($this->driverName === 'mysql' || $this->driverName === 'sqlite' || $this->driverName === 'oci') {
            $this->assertEquals($blobCol, $row['blob_col']);
        } elseif (\defined('HHVM_VERSION') && $this->driverName === 'pgsql') {
            // HHVMs pgsql implementation does not seem to support blob columns correctly.
        } else {
            $this->assertIsResource($row['blob_col']);
            $this->assertEquals($blobCol, stream_get_contents($row['blob_col']));
        }
        $this->assertEquals($numericCol, $row['numeric_col']);
        if ($this->driverName === 'mysql' || $this->driverName === 'oci' || (\defined('HHVM_VERSION') && \in_array($this->driverName, ['sqlite', 'pgsql']))) {
            $this->assertEquals($boolCol, (int) $row['bool_col']);
        } else {
            $this->assertEquals($boolCol, $row['bool_col']);
        }

        // bindValue
        $sql = 'INSERT INTO {{customer}}([[email]], [[name]], [[address]]) VALUES (:email, \'user5\', \'address5\')';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->bindValue(':email', 'user5@example.com');
        $command->execute();

        $sql = 'SELECT [[email]] FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[name]] = :name';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->bindValue(':name', 'user5');
        $this->assertEquals('user5@example.com', $command->queryScalar());
    }

    public static function paramsNonWhereProvider(): array
    {
        return [
            ['SELECT SUBSTR(name, :len) FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[email]] = :email GROUP BY SUBSTR(name, :len)'],
            ['SELECT SUBSTR(name, :len) FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[email]] = :email ORDER BY SUBSTR(name, :len)'],
            ['SELECT SUBSTR(name, :len) FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[email]] = :email'],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Test whether param binding works in other places than WHERE.
     *
     * @dataProvider paramsNonWhereProvider
     *
     * @param string $sql SQL query.
     */
    public function testBindParamsNonWhere(string $sql): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $db->createCommand()->insert('customer', ['name' => 'testParams', 'email' => 'testParams@example.com', 'address' => '1'])->execute();

        $params = [
            ':email' => 'testParams@example.com',
            ':len' => 5,
        ];
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql, $params);
        $this->assertEquals('Params', $command->queryScalar());
    }

    public function testFetchMode(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        // default: FETCH_ASSOC
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}}';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $result = $command->queryOne();
        $this->assertTrue(\is_array($result) && isset($result['id']));

        // FETCH_OBJ, customized via fetchMode property
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}}';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->fetchMode = \PDO::FETCH_OBJ;
        $result = $command->queryOne();
        $this->assertIsObject($result);

        // FETCH_NUM, customized in query method
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM {{customer}}';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $result = $command->queryOne([]);
        $this->assertTrue(\is_array($result) && isset($result[0]));
    }

    public function testBatchInsert(): void
    {
        $command = $this->getConnection()->createCommand();
        $command->batchInsert(
            '{{customer}}',
            ['email', 'name', 'address'],
            [
                ['t1@example.com', 't1', 't1 address'],
                ['t2@example.com', null, false],
            ]
        );
        $this->assertEquals(2, $command->execute());

        // @see https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/11693
        $command = $this->getConnection()->createCommand();
        $command->batchInsert(
            '{{customer}}',
            ['email', 'name', 'address'],
            []
        );
        $this->assertEquals(0, $command->execute());
    }

    public function testBatchInsertWithYield(): void
    {
        $rows = call_user_func(function () {
            if (false) {
                yield [];
            }
        });

        $command = $this->getConnection()->createCommand();
        $command->batchInsert(
            '{{customer}}',
            ['email', 'name', 'address'],
            $rows
        );

        $this->assertEquals(0, $command->execute());
    }

    /**
     * Test batch insert with different data types.
     *
     * Ensure double is inserted with `.` decimal separator.
     *
     * https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/6526
     */
    public function testBatchInsertDataTypesLocale(): void
    {
        $locale = setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, 0);
        if (false === $locale) {
            $this->markTestSkipped('Your platform does not support locales.');
        }
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        try {
            // This one sets decimal mark to comma sign
            setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, 'ru_RU.utf8');

            $cols = ['int_col', 'char_col', 'float_col', 'bool_col'];
            $data = [
                [1, 'A', 9.735, true],
                [2, 'B', -2.123, false],
                [3, 'C', 2.123, false],
            ];

            // clear data in "type" table
            $db->createCommand()->delete('type')->execute();
            // batch insert on "type" table
            $db->createCommand()->batchInsert('type', $cols, $data)->execute();

            $data = $db->createCommand('SELECT int_col, char_col, float_col, bool_col FROM {{type}} WHERE [[int_col]] IN (1,2,3) ORDER BY [[int_col]];')->queryAll();
            $this->assertEquals(3, \count($data));
            $this->assertEquals(1, $data[0]['int_col']);
            $this->assertEquals(2, $data[1]['int_col']);
            $this->assertEquals(3, $data[2]['int_col']);
            $this->assertEquals('A', rtrim((string) $data[0]['char_col'])); // rtrim because Postgres padds the column with whitespace
            $this->assertEquals('B', rtrim((string) $data[1]['char_col']));
            $this->assertEquals('C', rtrim((string) $data[2]['char_col']));
            $this->assertEquals('9.735', $data[0]['float_col']);
            $this->assertEquals('-2.123', $data[1]['float_col']);
            $this->assertEquals('2.123', $data[2]['float_col']);
            $this->assertEquals('1', $data[0]['bool_col']);
            $this->assertIsOneOf($data[1]['bool_col'], ['0', false]);
            $this->assertIsOneOf($data[2]['bool_col'], ['0', false]);
        } catch (\Exception|\Throwable $e) {
            setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, $locale);
            throw $e;
        }
        setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, $locale);
    }

    public static function batchInsertSqlProvider(): array
    {
        return [
            'issue11242' => [
                'type',
                ['int_col', 'float_col', 'char_col'],
                [['', '', 'Kyiv {{city}}, Ukraine']],

                'expected' => "INSERT INTO `type` (`int_col`, `float_col`, `char_col`) VALUES (NULL, NULL, 'Kyiv {{city}}, Ukraine')",
                // See https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/11242
                // Make sure curly bracelets (`{{..}}`) in values will not be escaped
            ],
            'wrongBehavior' => [
                '{{%type}}',
                ['{{%type}}.[[int_col]]', '[[float_col]]', 'char_col'],
                [['', '', 'Kyiv {{city}}, Ukraine']],

                'expected' => "INSERT INTO `type` (`type`.`int_col`, `float_col`, `char_col`) VALUES ('', '', 'Kyiv {{city}}, Ukraine')",
                /* Test covers potentially wrong behavior and marks it as expected!
                 * In case table name or table column is passed with curly or square bracelets,
                 * QueryBuilder can not determine the table schema and typecast values properly.
                 * TODO: make it work. Impossible without BC breaking for public methods.
                 */
            ],
            'batchInsert binds params from expression' => [
                '{{%type}}',
                ['int_col'],
                [[new Expression(':qp1', [':qp1' => 42])]], // This example is completely useless. This feature of batchInsert is intended to be used with complex expression objects, such as JsonExpression.
                'expected' => "INSERT INTO `type` (`int_col`) VALUES (:qp1)",
                'expectedParams' => [':qp1' => 42]
            ],
            'batchIsert empty rows represented by ArrayObject' => [
                '{{%type}}',
                ['col'],
                new ArrayObject(), // See: https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/14609
                'expected' => '',
                'expectedParams' => [],
            ],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Make sure that `{{something}}` in values will not be encoded.
     *
     * https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/11242.
     *
     * @dataProvider batchInsertSqlProvider
     *
     * @param string $table Table name.
     * @param array $columns Column names.
     * @param array|ArrayObject $values Values to be batch inserted.
     * @param string $expected Expected SQL query.
     * @param array $expectedParams Expected query params.
     */
    public function testBatchInsertSQL(
        string $table,
        array $columns,
        array|ArrayObject $values,
        string $expected,
        array $expectedParams = []
    ): void {
        $command = $this->getConnection()->createCommand();
        $command->batchInsert($table, $columns, $values);
        $command->prepare(false);
        $this->assertSame($expected, $command->getSql());
        $this->assertSame($expectedParams, $command->params);
    }

    public function testInsert(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $db->createCommand('DELETE FROM {{customer}}')->execute();

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert(
            '{{customer}}',
            [
                'email' => 't1@example.com',
                'name' => 'test',
                'address' => 'test address',
            ]
        )->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $db->createCommand('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{customer}};')->queryScalar());
        $record = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[email]], [[name]], [[address]] FROM {{customer}}')->queryOne();
        $this->assertEquals([
            'email' => 't1@example.com',
            'name' => 'test',
            'address' => 'test address',
        ], $record);
    }

    /**
     * verify that {{}} are not going to be replaced in parameters.
     */
    public function testNoTablenameReplacement(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $db->createCommand()->insert(
            '{{customer}}',
            [
                'name' => 'Some {{weird}} name',
                'email' => 'test@example.com',
                'address' => 'Some {{%weird}} address',
            ]
        )->execute();
        if ($this->driverName === 'pgsql') {
            $customerId = $db->getLastInsertID('public.customer_id_seq');
        } else {
            $customerId = $db->getLastInsertID();
        }
        $customer = $db->createCommand('SELECT * FROM {{customer}} WHERE id=' . $customerId)->queryOne();
        $this->assertEquals('Some {{weird}} name', $customer['name']);
        $this->assertEquals('Some {{%weird}} address', $customer['address']);

        $db->createCommand()->update(
            '{{customer}}',
            [
                'name' => 'Some {{updated}} name',
                'address' => 'Some {{%updated}} address',
            ],
            ['id' => $customerId]
        )->execute();
        $customer = $db->createCommand('SELECT * FROM {{customer}} WHERE id=' . $customerId)->queryOne();
        $this->assertEquals('Some {{updated}} name', $customer['name']);
        $this->assertEquals('Some {{%updated}} address', $customer['address']);
    }

    /**
     * Test INSERT INTO ... SELECT SQL statement.
     */
    public function testInsertSelect(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $db->createCommand('DELETE FROM {{customer}}')->execute();

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert(
            '{{customer}}',
            [
                'email' => 't1@example.com',
                'name' => 'test',
                'address' => 'test address',
            ]
        )->execute();

        $query = new \yii\db\Query();
        $query->select(
            [
                '{{customer}}.[[email]] as name',
                '[[name]] as email',
                '[[address]]',
            ]
        )
            ->from('{{customer}}')
            ->where([
                'and',
                ['<>', 'name', 'foo'],
                ['status' => [0, 1, 2, 3]],
            ]);

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert(
            '{{customer}}',
            $query
        )->execute();

        $this->assertEquals(2, $db->createCommand('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{customer}}')->queryScalar());
        $record = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[email]], [[name]], [[address]] FROM {{customer}}')->queryAll();
        $this->assertEquals([
            [
                'email' => 't1@example.com',
                'name' => 'test',
                'address' => 'test address',
            ],
            [
                'email' => 'test',
                'name' => 't1@example.com',
                'address' => 'test address',
            ],
        ], $record);
    }

    /**
     * Test INSERT INTO ... SELECT SQL statement with alias syntax.
     */
    public function testInsertSelectAlias(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $db->createCommand('DELETE FROM {{customer}}')->execute();

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert(
            '{{customer}}',
            [
                'email' => 't1@example.com',
                'name' => 'test',
                'address' => 'test address',
            ]
        )->execute();

        $query = new \yii\db\Query();
        $query->select(
            [
                'email' => '{{customer}}.[[email]]',
                'address' => 'name',
                'name' => 'address',
            ]
        )
            ->from('{{customer}}')
            ->where([
                'and',
                ['<>', 'name', 'foo'],
                ['status' => [0, 1, 2, 3]],
            ]);

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert(
            '{{customer}}',
            $query
        )->execute();

        $this->assertEquals(2, $db->createCommand('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{customer}}')->queryScalar());
        $record = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[email]], [[name]], [[address]] FROM {{customer}}')->queryAll();
        $this->assertEquals([
            [
                'email' => 't1@example.com',
                'name' => 'test',
                'address' => 'test address',
            ],
            [
                'email' => 't1@example.com',
                'name' => 'test address',
                'address' => 'test',
            ],
        ], $record);
    }

    /**
     * Data provider for testInsertSelectFailed.
     * @return array
     */
    public static function invalidSelectColumns(): array
    {
        return [
            [[]],
            ['*'],
            [['*']],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Test INSERT INTO ... SELECT SQL statement with wrong query object.
     *
     * @dataProvider invalidSelectColumns
     *
     * @param array|string $invalidSelectColumns Invalid select columns.
     */
    public function testInsertSelectFailed(array|string $invalidSelectColumns): void
    {
        $query = new \yii\db\Query();
        $query->select($invalidSelectColumns)->from('{{customer}}');

        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $command = $db->createCommand();

        $this->expectException(\yii\base\InvalidArgumentException::class);
        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Expected select query object with enumerated (named) parameters');

        $command->insert('{{customer}}', $query)->execute();
    }

    public function testInsertExpression(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $db->createCommand('DELETE FROM {{order_with_null_fk}}')->execute();

        switch ($this->driverName) {
            case 'pgsql':
                $expression = "EXTRACT(YEAR FROM TIMESTAMP 'now')";
                break;
            case 'mysql':
                $expression = 'YEAR(NOW())';
                break;
            case 'sqlite':
                $expression = "strftime('%Y')";
                break;
            case 'sqlsrv':
                $expression = 'YEAR(GETDATE())';
                break;
            case 'oci':
                $expression = 'EXTRACT(YEAR FROM sysdate)';
        }

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert(
            '{{order_with_null_fk}}',
            [
                'created_at' => new Expression($expression),
                'total' => 1,
            ]
        )->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $db->createCommand('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{order_with_null_fk}}')->queryScalar());
        $record = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[created_at]] FROM {{order_with_null_fk}}')->queryOne();
        $this->assertEquals([
            'created_at' => date('Y'),
        ], $record);
    }

    public function testsInsertQueryAsColumnValue(): void
    {
        $time = time();

        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $db->createCommand('DELETE FROM {{order_with_null_fk}}')->execute();

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert('{{order}}', [
            'customer_id' => 1,
            'created_at' => $time,
            'total' => 42,
        ])->execute();
        if ($this->driverName === 'pgsql') {
            $orderId = $db->getLastInsertID('public.order_id_seq');
        } else {
            $orderId = $db->getLastInsertID();
        }

        $columnValueQuery = new \yii\db\Query();
        $columnValueQuery->select('created_at')->from('{{order}}')->where(['id' => $orderId]);

        $command = $db->createCommand();
        $command->insert(
            '{{order_with_null_fk}}',
            [
                'customer_id' => $orderId,
                'created_at' => $columnValueQuery,
                'total' => 42,
            ]
        )->execute();

        $this->assertEquals($time, $db->createCommand('SELECT [[created_at]] FROM {{order_with_null_fk}} WHERE [[customer_id]] = ' . $orderId)->queryScalar());

        $db->createCommand('DELETE FROM {{order_with_null_fk}}')->execute();
        $db->createCommand('DELETE FROM {{order}} WHERE [[id]] = ' . $orderId)->execute();
    }

    public function testCreateTable(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        if ($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema('testCreateTable') !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable('testCreateTable')->execute();
        }

        $db->createCommand()->createTable('testCreateTable', ['id' => Schema::TYPE_PK, 'bar' => Schema::TYPE_INTEGER])->execute();
        $db->createCommand()->insert('testCreateTable', ['bar' => 1])->execute();
        $records = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[id]], [[bar]] FROM {{testCreateTable}};')->queryAll();
        $this->assertEquals([
            ['id' => 1, 'bar' => 1],
        ], $records);
    }

    public function testAlterTable(): void
    {
        if ($this->driverName === 'sqlite') {
            $this->markTestSkipped('Sqlite does not support alterTable');
        }

        $db = $this->getConnection();

        if ($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema('testAlterTable') !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable('testAlterTable')->execute();
        }

        $db->createCommand()->createTable('testAlterTable', ['id' => Schema::TYPE_PK, 'bar' => Schema::TYPE_INTEGER])->execute();
        $db->createCommand()->insert('testAlterTable', ['bar' => 1])->execute();

        $db->createCommand()->alterColumn('testAlterTable', 'bar', Schema::TYPE_STRING)->execute();

        $db->createCommand()->insert('testAlterTable', ['bar' => 'hello'])->execute();
        $records = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[id]], [[bar]] FROM {{testAlterTable}};')->queryAll();
        $this->assertEquals([
            ['id' => 1, 'bar' => 1],
            ['id' => 2, 'bar' => 'hello'],
        ], $records);
    }

    public function testDropTable(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $tableName = 'type';
        $this->assertNotNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName));
        $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName));
    }

    public function testTruncateTable(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $rows = $db->createCommand('SELECT * FROM {{animal}}')->queryAll();
        $this->assertCount(2, $rows);
        $db->createCommand()->truncateTable('animal')->execute();
        $rows = $db->createCommand('SELECT * FROM {{animal}}')->queryAll();
        $this->assertCount(0, $rows);
    }

    public function testRenameTable(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $fromTableName = 'type';
        $toTableName = 'new_type';

        if ($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($toTableName) !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable($toTableName)->execute();
        }

        $this->assertNotNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($fromTableName));
        $this->assertNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($toTableName));

        $db->createCommand()->renameTable($fromTableName, $toTableName)->execute();

        $this->assertNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($fromTableName, true));
        $this->assertNotNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($toTableName, true));
    }

    public static function upsertProvider(): array
    {
        return [
            'regular values' => [
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        [
                            'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                            'address' => 'Earth',
                            'status' => 3,
                        ]
                    ]
                ],
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        [
                            'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                            'address' => 'Universe',
                            'status' => 1,
                        ]
                    ]
                ],
            ],
            'regular values with update part' => [
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        [
                            'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                            'address' => 'Earth',
                            'status' => 3,
                        ],
                        [
                            'address' => 'Moon',
                            'status' => 2,
                        ],
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        [
                            'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                            'address' => 'Universe',
                            'status' => 1,
                        ],
                        [
                            'address' => 'Moon',
                            'status' => 2,
                        ],
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                        'address' => 'Moon',
                        'status' => 2,
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            'regular values without update part' => [
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        [
                            'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                            'address' => 'Earth',
                            'status' => 3,
                        ],
                        false,
                    ]
                ],
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        [
                            'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                            'address' => 'Universe',
                            'status' => 1,
                        ],
                        false,
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'foo@example.com',
                        'address' => 'Earth',
                        'status' => 3,
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            'query' => [
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        (new Query())
                            ->select([
                                'email',
                                'address',
                                'status' => new Expression('1'),
                            ])
                            ->from('customer')
                            ->where(['name' => 'user1'])
                            ->limit(1)
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'user1@example.com',
                        'address' => 'address1',
                        'status' => 1,
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        (new Query())
                            ->select([
                                'email',
                                'address',
                                'status' => new Expression('2'),
                            ])
                            ->from('customer')
                            ->where(['name' => 'user1'])
                            ->limit(1)
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'user1@example.com',
                        'address' => 'address1',
                        'status' => 2,
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            'query with update part' => [
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        (new Query())
                            ->select([
                                'email',
                                'address',
                                'status' => new Expression('1'),
                            ])
                            ->from('customer')
                            ->where(['name' => 'user1'])
                            ->limit(1),
                        [
                            'address' => 'Moon',
                            'status' => 2,
                        ],
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'user1@example.com',
                        'address' => 'address1',
                        'status' => 1,
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        (new Query())
                            ->select([
                                'email',
                                'address',
                                'status' => new Expression('3'),
                            ])
                            ->from('customer')
                            ->where(['name' => 'user1'])
                            ->limit(1),
                        [
                            'address' => 'Moon',
                            'status' => 2,
                        ],
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'user1@example.com',
                        'address' => 'Moon',
                        'status' => 2,
                    ],
                ],
            ],
            'query without update part' => [
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        (new Query())
                            ->select([
                                'email',
                                'address',
                                'status' => new Expression('1'),
                            ])
                            ->from('customer')
                            ->where(['name' => 'user1'])
                            ->limit(1),
                        false,
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'user1@example.com',
                        'address' => 'address1',
                        'status' => 1,
                    ],
                ],
                [
                    'params' => [
                        'T_upsert',
                        (new Query())
                            ->select([
                                'email',
                                'address',
                                'status' => new Expression('2'),
                            ])
                            ->from('customer')
                            ->where(['name' => 'user1'])
                            ->limit(1),
                        false,
                    ],
                    'expected' => [
                        'email' => 'user1@example.com',
                        'address' => 'address1',
                        'status' => 1,
                    ],
                ],
            ],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @dataProvider upsertProvider
     *
     * @param array $firstData First data to upsert.
     * @param array $secondData Second data to upsert.
     */
    public function testUpsert(array $firstData, array $secondData): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $this->assertEquals(0, $db->createCommand('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{T_upsert}}')->queryScalar());
        $this->performAndCompareUpsertResult($db, $firstData);
        $this->assertEquals(1, $db->createCommand('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{T_upsert}}')->queryScalar());
        $this->performAndCompareUpsertResult($db, $secondData);
    }

    protected function performAndCompareUpsertResult(Connection $db, array $data)
    {
        $params = $data['params'];
        $expected = $data['expected'] ?? $params[1];
        $command = $db->createCommand();
        call_user_func_array($command->upsert(...), $params);
        $command->execute();
        $actual = (new Query())
            ->select([
                'email',
                'address' => new Expression($this->upsertTestCharCast),
                'status',
            ])
            ->from('T_upsert')
            ->one($db);
        $this->assertEquals($expected, $actual);
    }

    /*
    public function testUpdate()
    {
    }

    public function testDelete()
    {
    }

    public function testAddColumn()
    {
    }

    public function testDropColumn()
    {
    }

    public function testRenameColumn()
    {
    }
    */

    public function testAddDropPrimaryKey(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);
        $tableName = 'test_pk';
        $name = 'test_pk_constraint';
        /** @var \yii\db\pgsql\Schema $schema */
        $schema = $db->getSchema();

        if ($schema->getTableSchema($tableName) !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        }
        $db->createCommand()->createTable($tableName, [
            'int1' => 'integer not null',
            'int2' => 'integer not null',
        ])->execute();

        $this->assertNull($schema->getTablePrimaryKey($tableName, true));
        $db->createCommand()->addPrimaryKey($name, $tableName, ['int1'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1'], $schema->getTablePrimaryKey($tableName, true)->columnNames);

        $db->createCommand()->dropPrimaryKey($name, $tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertNull($schema->getTablePrimaryKey($tableName, true));

        $db->createCommand()->addPrimaryKey($name, $tableName, ['int1', 'int2'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1', 'int2'], $schema->getTablePrimaryKey($tableName, true)->columnNames);
    }

    public function testAddDropForeignKey(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);
        $tableName = 'test_fk';
        $name = 'test_fk_constraint';
        /** @var \yii\db\pgsql\Schema $schema */
        $schema = $db->getSchema();

        if ($schema->getTableSchema($tableName) !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        }
        $db->createCommand()->createTable($tableName, [
            'int1' => 'integer not null unique',
            'int2' => 'integer not null unique',
            'int3' => 'integer not null unique',
            'int4' => 'integer not null unique',
            'unique ([[int1]], [[int2]])',
            'unique ([[int3]], [[int4]])',
        ])->execute();

        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableForeignKeys($tableName, true));
        $db->createCommand()->addForeignKey($name, $tableName, ['int1'], $tableName, ['int3'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1'], $schema->getTableForeignKeys($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);
        $this->assertEquals(['int3'], $schema->getTableForeignKeys($tableName, true)[0]->foreignColumnNames);

        $db->createCommand()->dropForeignKey($name, $tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableForeignKeys($tableName, true));

        $db->createCommand()->addForeignKey($name, $tableName, ['int1', 'int2'], $tableName, ['int3', 'int4'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1', 'int2'], $schema->getTableForeignKeys($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);
        $this->assertEquals(['int3', 'int4'], $schema->getTableForeignKeys($tableName, true)[0]->foreignColumnNames);
    }

    public function testCreateDropIndex(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);
        $tableName = 'test_idx';
        $name = 'test_idx_constraint';
        /** @var \yii\db\pgsql\Schema $schema */
        $schema = $db->getSchema();

        if ($schema->getTableSchema($tableName) !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        }
        $db->createCommand()->createTable($tableName, [
            'int1' => 'integer not null',
            'int2' => 'integer not null',
        ])->execute();

        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true));
        $db->createCommand()->createIndex($name, $tableName, ['int1'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1'], $schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);
        $this->assertFalse($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->isUnique);

        $db->createCommand()->dropIndex($name, $tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true));

        $db->createCommand()->createIndex($name, $tableName, ['int1', 'int2'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1', 'int2'], $schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);
        $this->assertFalse($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->isUnique);

        $db->createCommand()->dropIndex($name, $tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true));

        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true));
        $db->createCommand()->createIndex($name, $tableName, ['int1'], true)->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1'], $schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);
        $this->assertTrue($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->isUnique);

        $db->createCommand()->dropIndex($name, $tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true));

        $db->createCommand()->createIndex($name, $tableName, ['int1', 'int2'], true)->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1', 'int2'], $schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);
        $this->assertTrue($schema->getTableIndexes($tableName, true)[0]->isUnique);
    }

    public function testAddDropUnique(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);
        $tableName = 'test_uq';
        $name = 'test_uq_constraint';
        /** @var \yii\db\pgsql\Schema $schema */
        $schema = $db->getSchema();

        if ($schema->getTableSchema($tableName) !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        }
        $db->createCommand()->createTable($tableName, [
            'int1' => 'integer not null',
            'int2' => 'integer not null',
        ])->execute();

        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableUniques($tableName, true));
        $db->createCommand()->addUnique($name, $tableName, ['int1'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1'], $schema->getTableUniques($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);

        $db->createCommand()->dropUnique($name, $tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableUniques($tableName, true));

        $db->createCommand()->addUnique($name, $tableName, ['int1', 'int2'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(['int1', 'int2'], $schema->getTableUniques($tableName, true)[0]->columnNames);
    }

    public function testAddDropCheck(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);

        if (version_compare($db->getServerVersion(), '8.0.16', '<')) {
            $this->markTestSkipped('MySQL < 8.0.16 does not support CHECK constraints.');
        }

        $tableName = 'test_ck';
        $name = 'test_ck_constraint';
        $schema = $db->getSchema();

        if ($schema->getTableSchema($tableName) !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        }
        $db->createCommand()->createTable($tableName, [
            'int1' => 'integer',
        ])->execute();

        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableChecks($tableName, true));
        $db->createCommand()->addCheck($name, $tableName, '[[int1]] > 1')->execute();
        $this->assertMatchesRegularExpression('/^.*int1.*>.*1.*$/', $schema->getTableChecks($tableName, true)[0]->expression);

        $db->createCommand()->dropCheck($name, $tableName)->execute();

        $this->assertEmpty($schema->getTableChecks($tableName, true));
    }

    public function testAddDropDefaultValue(): void
    {
        $this->markTestSkipped($this->driverName . ' does not support adding/dropping default value constraints.');
    }

    public function testIntegrityViolation(): void
    {
        $this->expectException('\yii\db\IntegrityException');

        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $sql = 'INSERT INTO {{profile}}([[id]], [[description]]) VALUES (123, \'duplicate\')';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->execute();
        $command->execute();
    }

    public function testLastInsertId(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();

        $sql = 'INSERT INTO {{profile}}([[description]]) VALUES (\'non duplicate\')';
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql);
        $command->execute();
        $this->assertEquals(3, $db->getSchema()->getLastInsertID());
    }

    public function testQueryCache(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $db->enableQueryCache = true;
        $db->queryCache = new ArrayCache();
        $command = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[name]] FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[id]] = :id');

        $this->assertEquals('user1', $command->bindValue(':id', 1)->queryScalar());
        $update = $db->createCommand('UPDATE {{customer}} SET [[name]] = :name WHERE [[id]] = :id');
        $update->bindValues([':id' => 1, ':name' => 'user11'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals('user11', $command->bindValue(':id', 1)->queryScalar());

        $db->cache(function (Connection $db) use ($command, $update): void {
            $this->assertEquals('user2', $command->bindValue(':id', 2)->queryScalar());
            $update->bindValues([':id' => 2, ':name' => 'user22'])->execute();
            $this->assertEquals('user2', $command->bindValue(':id', 2)->queryScalar());

            $db->noCache(function () use ($command): void {
                $this->assertEquals('user22', $command->bindValue(':id', 2)->queryScalar());
            });

            $this->assertEquals('user2', $command->bindValue(':id', 2)->queryScalar());
        }, 10);

        $db->enableQueryCache = false;
        $db->cache(function ($db) use ($command, $update): void {
            $this->assertEquals('user22', $command->bindValue(':id', 2)->queryScalar());
            $update->bindValues([':id' => 2, ':name' => 'user2'])->execute();
            $this->assertEquals('user2', $command->bindValue(':id', 2)->queryScalar());
        }, 10);

        $db->enableQueryCache = true;
        $command = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[name]] FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[id]] = :id')->cache();
        $this->assertEquals('user11', $command->bindValue(':id', 1)->queryScalar());
        $update->bindValues([':id' => 1, ':name' => 'user1'])->execute();
        $this->assertEquals('user11', $command->bindValue(':id', 1)->queryScalar());
        $this->assertEquals('user1', $command->noCache()->bindValue(':id', 1)->queryScalar());

        $command = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[name]] FROM {{customer}} WHERE [[id]] = :id');
        $db->cache(function (Connection $db) use ($command, $update): void {
            $this->assertEquals('user11', $command->bindValue(':id', 1)->queryScalar());
            $this->assertEquals('user1', $command->noCache()->bindValue(':id', 1)->queryScalar());
        }, 10);
    }

    public function testColumnCase(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);
        $this->assertEquals(\PDO::CASE_NATURAL, $db->slavePdo->getAttribute(\PDO::ATTR_CASE));

        $sql = 'SELECT [[customer_id]], [[total]] FROM {{order}}';
        $rows = $db->createCommand($sql)->queryAll();
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]));
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]['customer_id']));
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]['total']));

        $db->slavePdo->setAttribute(\PDO::ATTR_CASE, \PDO::CASE_LOWER);
        $rows = $db->createCommand($sql)->queryAll();
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]));
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]['customer_id']));
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]['total']));

        $db->slavePdo->setAttribute(\PDO::ATTR_CASE, \PDO::CASE_UPPER);
        $rows = $db->createCommand($sql)->queryAll();
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]));
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]['CUSTOMER_ID']));
        $this->assertTrue(isset($rows[0]['TOTAL']));
    }

    /**
     * Data provider for [[testGetRawSql()]].
     * @return array test data
     */
    public static function dataProviderGetRawSql(): array
    {
        return [
            [
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = :id',
                [':id' => 1],
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = 1',
            ],
            [
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = :id',
                ['id' => 1],
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = 1',
            ],
            [
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = :id',
                ['id' => null],
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = NULL',
            ],
            [
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = :base OR id = :basePrefix',
                [
                    'base' => 1,
                    'basePrefix' => 2,
                ],
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = 1 OR id = 2',
            ],
            // https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/9268
            [
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE active = :active',
                [':active' => false],
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE active = FALSE',
            ],
            // https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/15122
            [
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id IN (:ids)',
                [':ids' => new Expression(implode(', ', [1, 2]))],
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id IN (\'1, 2\')',
            ],
            [
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id  = ? AND active = ?',
                [1 => 1, 2 => false],
                'SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id  = 1 AND active = FALSE',
            ],
            [
                'SELECT NOW() = :now',
                [':now' => new Expression('NOW()')],
                'SELECT NOW() = \'NOW()\'',
            ],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @see https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/issues/8592
     *
     * @dataProvider dataProviderGetRawSql
     *
     * @param string $sql The SQL statement to be executed.
     * @param array $params The parameters to be bound to the SQL statement during execution.
     * @param string $expectedRawSql The expected raw SQL statement.
     */
    public function testGetRawSql(string $sql, array $params, string $expectedRawSql): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection(false);
        $command = $db->createCommand($sql, $params);
        $this->assertEquals($expectedRawSql, $command->getRawSql());
    }

    public function testAutoRefreshTableSchema(): void
    {
        if ($this->driverName === 'sqlsrv') {

            // related to https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2/pull/17364
            $this->markTestSkipped('Should be fixed');
        }

        $db = $this->getConnection(false);
        $tableName = 'test';
        $fkName = 'test_fk';

        if ($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName) !== null) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        }

        $this->assertNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName));

        $db->createCommand()->createTable($tableName, [
            'id' => 'pk',
            'fk' => 'int',
            'name' => 'string',
        ])->execute();
        $initialSchema = $db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName);
        $this->assertNotNull($initialSchema);

        $db->createCommand()->addColumn($tableName, 'value', 'integer')->execute();
        $newSchema = $db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName);
        $this->assertNotEquals($initialSchema, $newSchema);

        if ($this->driverName !== 'sqlite') {
            $db->createCommand()->addForeignKey($fkName, $tableName, 'fk', $tableName, 'id')->execute();
            $this->assertNotEmpty($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName)->foreignKeys);

            $db->createCommand()->dropForeignKey($fkName, $tableName)->execute();
            $this->assertEmpty($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName)->foreignKeys);

            $db->createCommand()->addCommentOnColumn($tableName, 'id', 'Test comment')->execute();
            $this->assertNotEmpty($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName)->getColumn('id')->comment);

            $db->createCommand()->dropCommentFromColumn($tableName, 'id')->execute();
            $this->assertEmpty($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName)->getColumn('id')->comment);
        }

        $db->createCommand()->dropTable($tableName)->execute();
        $this->assertNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($tableName));
    }

    public function testTransaction(): void
    {
        $connection = $this->getConnection(false);
        $this->assertNull($connection->transaction);
        $command = $connection->createCommand("INSERT INTO {{profile}}([[description]]) VALUES('command transaction')");
        $this->invokeMethod($command, 'requireTransaction');
        $command->execute();
        $this->assertNull($connection->transaction);
        $this->assertEquals(1, $connection->createCommand("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{profile}} WHERE [[description]] = 'command transaction'")->queryScalar());
    }

    public function testRetryHandler(): void
    {
        $connection = $this->getConnection(false);
        $this->assertNull($connection->transaction);
        $connection->createCommand("INSERT INTO {{profile}}([[description]]) VALUES('command retry')")->execute();
        $this->assertNull($connection->transaction);
        $this->assertEquals(1, $connection->createCommand("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {{profile}} WHERE [[description]] = 'command retry'")->queryScalar());

        $attempts = null;
        $hitHandler = false;
        $hitCatch = false;
        $command = $connection->createCommand("INSERT INTO {{profile}}([[id]], [[description]]) VALUES(1, 'command retry')");
        $this->invokeMethod($command, 'setRetryHandler', [function ($exception, $attempt) use (&$attempts, &$hitHandler) {
            $attempts = $attempt;
            $hitHandler = true;
            return $attempt <= 2;
        }]);
        try {
            $command->execute();
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $hitCatch = true;
            $this->assertInstanceOf('yii\db\IntegrityException', $e);
        }
        $this->assertNull($connection->transaction);
        $this->assertSame(3, $attempts);
        $this->assertTrue($hitHandler);
        $this->assertTrue($hitCatch);
    }

    public function testCreateView(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $subquery = (new \yii\db\Query())
            ->select('bar')
            ->from('testCreateViewTable')
            ->where(['>', 'bar', '5']);
        if ($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema('testCreateView')) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropView('testCreateView')->execute();
        }
        if ($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema('testCreateViewTable')) {
            $db->createCommand()->dropTable('testCreateViewTable')->execute();
        }
        $db->createCommand()->createTable('testCreateViewTable', [
            'id' => Schema::TYPE_PK,
            'bar' => Schema::TYPE_INTEGER,
        ])->execute();
        $db->createCommand()->insert('testCreateViewTable', ['bar' => 1])->execute();
        $db->createCommand()->insert('testCreateViewTable', ['bar' => 6])->execute();
        $db->createCommand()->createView('testCreateView', $subquery)->execute();
        $records = $db->createCommand('SELECT [[bar]] FROM {{testCreateView}};')->queryAll();

        $this->assertEquals([['bar' => 6]], $records);
    }

    public function testDropView(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $viewName = 'animal_view'; // since it already exists in the fixtures
        $this->assertNotNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($viewName));
        $db->createCommand()->dropView($viewName)->execute();

        $this->assertNull($db->getSchema()->getTableSchema($viewName));
    }

    // TODO: Remove in Yii 2.1
    public function testBindValuesSupportsDeprecatedPDOCastingFormat(): void
    {
        $db = $this->getConnection();
        $db->createCommand()->setSql("SELECT :p1")->bindValues([':p1' => [2, \PDO::PARAM_STR]]);
        $this->assertTrue(true);
    }

    public function testBindValuesSupportsEnums(): void
  	{
        if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '8.1.0') >= 0) {
            $db = $this->getConnection();
            $command = $db->createCommand();

		    $command->setSql('SELECT :p1')->bindValues([':p1' => enums\Status::Active]);
		    $this->assertSame('Active', $command->params[':p1']);

		    $command->setSql('SELECT :p1')->bindValues([':p1' => enums\StatusTypeString::Active]);
		    $this->assertSame('active', $command->params[':p1']);

		    $command->setSql('SELECT :p1')->bindValues([':p1' => enums\StatusTypeInt::Active]);
		    $this->assertSame(1, $command->params[':p1']);
		} else {
            $this->markTestSkipped('Enums are not supported in PHP < 8.1');
        }
	  }
}