implement suggestion for unknown command in console application

suggestion is based on two principles:

- first suggest commands the begin with the unknown name, to suggest
  commands after accidentally hitting enter
- second find similar commands by computing the levenshtein distance
  which is a measurement on how many changes need to be made to convert
  one string into another. This is perfect for finding typos.

framework/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ Yii Framework 2 Change Log
 - Enh #12399: Added `ActiveField::addAriaAttributes` property for `aria-required` and `aria-invalid` attributes rendering (Oxyaction, samdark)
 - Enh #12390: Avoid creating queries with false where condition (`0=1`) when fetching relational data (klimov-paul)
 - Enh #12619: Added catch `Throwable` in `yii\base\ErrorHandler::handleException()` (rob006)
+- Enh #12659: Suggest alternatives when console command was not found (mdmunir, cebe)
 - Enh #12726: `yii\base\Application::$version` converted to `yii\base\Module::$version` virtual property, allowing to specify version as a PHP callback (klimov-paul)
 - Enh #12738: Added support for creating protocol-relative URLs in `UrlManager::createAbsoluteUrl()` and `Url` helper methods (rob006)
 - Enh #12748: Added Migration tool automatic generation reference column for foreignKey (MKiselev)

framework/console/ErrorHandler.php

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ class ErrorHandler extends \yii\base\ErrorHandler
         if ($exception instanceof UnknownCommandException) {
             // display message and suggest alternatives in case of unknown command
             $message = $this->formatMessage($exception->getName() . ': ') . $exception->command;
-            $alternatives = $exception->suggestAlternatives();
-            if (count($alternatives) == 1) {
-                $message .= "\n\nDid you mean  " . reset($alternatives) . " ?";
+            $alternatives = $exception->getSuggestedAlternatives();
+            if (count($alternatives) === 1) {
+                $message .= "\n\nDid you mean \"" . reset($alternatives) . "\"?";
             } elseif (count($alternatives) > 1) {
                 $message .= "\n\nDid you mean one of these?\n    - " . implode("\n    - ", $alternatives);
             }

framework/console/UnknownCommandException.php

@@ -6,22 +6,35 @@
  */
 
 namespace yii\console;
+
 use yii\console\controllers\HelpController;
 
 /**
- * Exception represents an exception caused by incorrect usage of a console command.
+ * UnknownCommandException represents an exception caused by incorrect usage of a console command.
  *
  * @author Carsten Brandt <mail@cebe.cc>
  * @since 2.0.11
  */
 class UnknownCommandException extends Exception
 {
+    /**
+     * @var string the name of the command that could not be recognized.
+     */
     public $command;
     /**
      * @var Application
      */
-    public $application;
+    protected $application;
 
+
+    /**
+     * Construct the exception.
+     *
+     * @param string $route the route of the command that could not be found.
+     * @param Application $application the console application instance involved.
+     * @param int $code the Exception code.
+     * @param \Exception $previous the previous exception used for the exception chaining.
+     */
     public function __construct($route, $application, $code = 0, \Exception $previous = null)
     {
         $this->command = $route;
@@ -37,7 +50,20 @@ class UnknownCommandException extends Exception
         return 'Unknown command';
     }
 
-    public function suggestAlternatives()
+    /**
+     * Suggest alternative commands for [[$command]] based on string similarity.
+     *
+     * Alternatives are searched using the following steps:
+     *
+     * - suggest alternatives that begin with `$command`
+     * - find typos by calculating the Levenshtein distance between the unknown command and all
+     *   available commands. The Levenshtein distance is defined as the minimal number of
+     *   characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform str1 into str2.
+     *
+     * @see http://php.net/manual/en/function.levenshtein.php
+     * @return array a list of suggested alternatives sorted by similarity.
+     */
+    public function getSuggestedAlternatives()
     {
         $help = $this->application->createController('help');
         if ($help === false) {
@@ -67,15 +93,49 @@ class UnknownCommandException extends Exception
                 }
             }
         }
-        $availableActions = $this->filterBySimilarity($availableActions);
-
-        asort($availableActions);
-        return $availableActions;
+        return $this->filterBySimilarity($availableActions, $this->command);
     }
 
-    private function filterBySimilarity($actions)
+    /**
+     * Find suggest alternative commands based on string similarity.
+     *
+     * Alternatives are searched using the following steps:
+     *
+     * - suggest alternatives that begin with `$command`
+     * - find typos by calculating the Levenshtein distance between the unknown command and all
+     *   available commands. The Levenshtein distance is defined as the minimal number of
+     *   characters you have to replace, insert or delete to transform str1 into str2.
+     *
+     * @see http://php.net/manual/en/function.levenshtein.php
+     * @param array $actions available command names.
+     * @param string $command the command to compare to.
+     * @return array a list of suggested alternatives sorted by similarity.
+     */
+    private function filterBySimilarity($actions, $command)
     {
-        // TODO
-        return $actions;
+        $alternatives = [];
+
+        // suggest alternatives that begin with $command first
+        foreach ($actions as $action) {
+            if (strpos($action, $command) === 0) {
+                $alternatives[] = $action;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // calculate the Levenshtein distance between the unknown command and all available commands.
+        $distances = array_map(function($action) use ($command) {
+            $action = strlen($action) > 255 ? substr($action, 0, 255) : $action;
+            $command = strlen($command) > 255 ? substr($command, 0, 255) : $command;
+            return levenshtein($action, $command);
+        }, array_combine($actions, $actions));
+
+        // we assume a typo if the levensthein distance is no more than 3, i.e. 3 replacements needed
+        $relevantTypos = array_filter($distances, function($distance) {
+            return $distance <= 3;
+        });
+        asort($relevantTypos);
+        $alternatives = array_merge($alternatives, array_flip($relevantTypos));
+
+        return array_unique($alternatives);
     }
 }

tests/framework/console/UnkownCommandExceptionTest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * @link http://www.yiiframework.com/
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2008 Yii Software LLC
+ * @license http://www.yiiframework.com/license/
+ */
+
+namespace yiiunit\framework\console;
+
+use Yii;
+use yii\console\Application;
+use yii\console\UnknownCommandException;
+use yiiunit\TestCase;
+
+/**
+ * @group console
+ */
+class UnkownCommandExceptionTest extends TestCase
+{
+    public function setUp()
+    {
+        $this->mockApplication([
+            'enableCoreCommands' => false,
+            'controllerMap' => [
+                'cache' => 'yii\console\controllers\CacheController',
+                'migrate' => 'yii\console\controllers\MigrateController',
+                'message' => 'yii\console\controllers\MessageController',
+            ],
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function suggestedCommandsProvider()
+    {
+        return [
+            ['migate', ['migrate']],
+            ['mihate/u', ['migrate/up']],
+            ['mirgte/u', ['migrate/up']],
+            ['mirgte/up', ['migrate/up']],
+            ['mirgte', ['migrate']],
+            ['hlp', ['help']],
+            ['ca', ['cache', 'cache/flush', 'cache/flush-all', 'cache/flush-schema', 'cache/index']],
+            ['cach', ['cache', 'cache/flush', 'cache/flush-all', 'cache/flush-schema', 'cache/index']],
+            ['cach/fush', ['cache/flush']],
+            ['cach/fushall', ['cache/flush-all']],
+            ['what?', []],
+            // test UTF 8 chars
+            ['ёлка', []],
+            // this crashes levenshtein because string is longer than 255 chars
+            [str_repeat('asdw1234', 31), []],
+            [str_repeat('asdw1234', 32), []],
+            [str_repeat('asdw1234', 33), []],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @dataProvider suggestedCommandsProvider
+     */
+    public function testSuggestCommand($command, $expectedSuggestion)
+    {
+        $exception = new UnknownCommandException($command, Yii::$app);
+        $this->assertEquals($expectedSuggestion, $exception->getSuggestedAlternatives());
+    }
+
+    public function testNameAndConstructor()
+    {
+        $exception = new UnknownCommandException('test', Yii::$app);
+        $this->assertEquals('Unknown command', $exception->getName());
+        $this->assertEquals('test', $exception->command);
+    }
+}