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https://github.com/3b1b/manim.git
synced 2025-08-01 17:29:06 +08:00
Opening animation to lost lecture
This commit is contained in:
Grant Sanderson
@ -2,51 +2,418 @@ from __future__ import absolute_import
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from big_ol_pile_of_manim_imports import *
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class Orbiting(ContinualAnimation):
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CONFIG = {
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"rate": 0.3,
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}
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def __init__(self, planet, star, ellipse, **kwargs):
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self.planet = planet
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self.star = star
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self.ellipse = ellipse
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# Proportion of the way around the ellipse
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self.proportion = 0
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ContinualAnimation.__init__(self, planet, **kwargs)
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def update_mobject(self, dt):
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# time = self.internal_time
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rate = self.rate
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planet = self.planet
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star = self.star
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ellipse = self.ellipse
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rate *= 1 / np.linalg.norm(
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planet.get_center() - star.get_center()
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)
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self.proportion += rate * dt
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self.proportion = self.proportion % 1
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planet.move_to(ellipse.point_from_proportion(self.proportion))
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# Animations
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class ShowEmergingEllipse(Scene):
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CONFIG = {
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"circle_radius": 3,
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"circle_color": BLUE,
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"num_lines": 100,
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"lines_stroke_width": 1,
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"eccentricity_vector": 2 * RIGHT,
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"ghost_lines_stroke_color": LIGHT_GREY,
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"ghost_lines_stroke_width": 0.5,
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"ellipse_color": PINK,
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}
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def construct(self):
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circle = Circle(num_anchors=50, radius=3, color=BLUE)
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e_point = 2 * RIGHT
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circle = self.get_circle()
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e_point = self.get_eccentricity_point()
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e_dot = Dot(e_point, color=YELLOW)
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lines = VGroup(*[
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Line(e_point, circle.point_from_proportion(a))
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for a in np.linspace(0, 1, 4 * 49)
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])
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lines.set_stroke(width=1)
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for line in lines:
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line.generate_target()
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line.target.rotate(90 * DEGREES)
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lines = self.get_lines()
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ellipse = self.get_ellipse()
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fade_rect = FullScreenFadeRectangle()
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line = lines[20]
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line = lines[len(lines) / 5]
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line_dot = Dot(line.get_center(), color=YELLOW)
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line_dot.scale(0.5)
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words = TextMobject("Rotate $90^\\circ$ \\\\ about center")
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words.add_to_back(words.copy().set_stroke(BLACK, 2))
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words.next_to(line_dot, RIGHT)
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ghost_line = self.get_ghost_lines(line)
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ghost_lines = self.get_ghost_lines(lines)
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self.play(
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LaggedStart(ShowCreation, lines),
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Animation(VGroup(e_dot, circle))
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rot_words = TextMobject("Rotate $90^\\circ$ \\\\ about center")
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rot_words.next_to(line_dot, RIGHT)
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elbow = VGroup(Line(UP, UL), Line(UL, LEFT))
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elbow.set_stroke(width=1)
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elbow.scale(0.2, about_point=ORIGIN)
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elbow.rotate(
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line.get_angle() - 90 * DEGREES,
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about_point=ORIGIN
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)
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self.add(lines.copy().set_stroke(LIGHT_GREY, 0.5))
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elbow.shift(line.get_center())
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eccentric_words = TextMobject("``Eccentric'' point")
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eccentric_words.next_to(circle.get_center(), DOWN)
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ellipse_words = TextMobject("Perfect ellipse")
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ellipse_words.next_to(ellipse, UP, SMALL_BUFF)
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for text in rot_words, ellipse_words:
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text.add_to_back(text.copy().set_stroke(BLACK, 5))
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shuffled_lines = VGroup(*lines)
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random.shuffle(shuffled_lines.submobjects)
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self.play(ShowCreation(circle))
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self.play(
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FadeInAndShiftFromDirection(e_dot, LEFT),
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Write(eccentric_words, run_time=1)
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)
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self.wait()
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self.play(
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LaggedStart(ShowCreation, shuffled_lines),
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Animation(VGroup(e_dot, circle)),
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FadeOut(eccentric_words)
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)
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self.add(ghost_lines)
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self.add(e_dot, circle)
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self.wait()
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self.play(FadeIn(fade_rect), Animation(line))
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self.play(
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FadeIn(fade_rect),
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Animation(line),
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GrowFromCenter(line_dot),
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FadeInFromDown(words)
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FadeInFromDown(rot_words),
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)
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self.wait()
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self.add(ghost_line)
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self.play(
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MoveToTarget(line, path_arc=90 * DEGREES),
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Animation(rot_words),
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ShowCreation(elbow)
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)
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self.add_foreground_mobjects(line.copy().set_stroke(LIGHT_GREY, 0.5))
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self.play(MoveToTarget(line, path_arc=90 * DEGREES))
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self.wait()
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self.play(
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FadeOut(fade_rect),
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FadeOut(line_dot),
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FadeOut(words),
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Animation(line)
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FadeOut(rot_words),
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FadeOut(elbow),
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Animation(line),
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Animation(ghost_line)
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)
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self.play(
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LaggedStart(MoveToTarget, lines, run_time=4),
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Animation(VGroup(e_dot, circle))
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)
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self.wait()
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self.wait()
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self.play(
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ShowCreation(ellipse),
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Write(ellipse_words, run_time=1)
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)
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self.wait()
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def get_circle(self):
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circle = self.circle = Circle(
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radius=self.circle_radius,
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color=self.circle_color
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)
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return circle
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def get_eccentricity_point(self):
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return self.circle.get_center() + self.eccentricity_vector
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def get_lines(self):
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center = self.circle.get_center()
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radius = self.circle.get_width() / 2
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e_point = self.get_eccentricity_point()
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lines = VGroup(*[
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Line(
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e_point,
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center + rotate_vector(radius * RIGHT, angle)
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)
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for angle in np.linspace(0, TAU, self.num_lines)
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])
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lines.set_stroke(width=self.lines_stroke_width)
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for line in lines:
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line.generate_target()
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line.target.rotate(90 * DEGREES)
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return lines
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def get_ghost_lines(self, lines):
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return lines.copy().set_stroke(
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color=self.ghost_lines_stroke_color,
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width=self.ghost_lines_stroke_width
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)
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def get_ellipse(self):
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center = self.circle.get_center()
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e_point = self.get_eccentricity_point()
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radius = self.circle.get_width() / 2
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# Ellipse parameters
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a = radius / 2
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c = np.linalg.norm(e_point - center) / 2
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b = np.sqrt(a**2 - c**2)
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result = Circle(radius=b, color=self.ellipse_color)
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result.stretch(a / b, 0)
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result.move_to(Line(center, e_point))
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return result
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class FeynmanAndOrbitingPlannetOnEllipseDiagram(ShowEmergingEllipse):
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def construct(self):
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circle = self.get_circle()
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lines = self.get_lines()
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ghost_lines = self.get_ghost_lines(lines)
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for line in lines:
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MoveToTarget(line).update(1)
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ellipse = self.get_ellipse()
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e_dot = Dot(self.get_eccentricity_point())
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e_dot.set_color(YELLOW)
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comet = ImageMobject("earth")
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comet.scale_to_fit_width(0.3)
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feynman_cut = ImageMobject("FeynmanCut")
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feynman_cut.scale_to_fit_height(4)
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feynman_cut.next_to(ORIGIN, LEFT)
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feynman_cut.shift(UP)
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feynman_name = TextMobject("Richard Feynman")
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feynman_name.next_to(feynman_cut, DOWN)
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feynman_cut.save_state()
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feynman_cut.shift(2 * DOWN)
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feynman_rect = BackgroundRectangle(
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feynman_cut, fill_opacity=1
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)
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group = VGroup(circle, ghost_lines, lines, e_dot, ellipse)
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self.add(group)
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self.add(Orbiting(comet, e_dot, ellipse))
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self.add_foreground_mobjects(comet)
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self.wait()
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self.play(
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feynman_cut.restore,
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MaintainPositionRelativeTo(feynman_rect, feynman_cut),
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VFadeOut(feynman_rect),
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group.to_edge, RIGHT,
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)
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self.play(Write(feynman_name))
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self.wait()
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self.wait(10)
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class FeynmanFame(Scene):
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def construct(self):
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books = VGroup(
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ImageMobject("Feynman_QED_cover"),
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ImageMobject("Surely_Youre_Joking_cover"),
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ImageMobject("Feynman_Lectures_cover"),
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)
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for book in books:
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book.scale_to_fit_height(6)
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book.move_to(FRAME_WIDTH * LEFT / 4)
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feynman_diagram = self.get_feynman_diagram()
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feynman_diagram.next_to(ORIGIN, RIGHT)
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fd_parts = VGroup(*reversed(feynman_diagram.family_members_with_points()))
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# As a physicist
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self.play(self.get_book_intro(books[0]))
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self.play(LaggedStart(
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Write, feynman_diagram,
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run_time=4
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))
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self.wait()
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self.play(
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self.get_book_intro(books[1]),
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self.get_book_outro(books[0]),
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LaggedStart(
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ApplyMethod, fd_parts,
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lambda m: (m.scale, 0),
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run_time=1
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),
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)
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self.remove(feynman_diagram)
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self.wait()
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# As a public figure
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safe = SVGMobject(file_name="safe", height=2)
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safe_rect = SurroundingRectangle(safe, buff=0)
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safe_rect.set_stroke(width=0)
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safe_rect.set_fill(DARK_GREY, 1)
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safe.add_to_back(safe_rect)
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bongo = SVGMobject(file_name="bongo")
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bongo.scale_to_fit_height(1)
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bongo.set_color(WHITE)
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bongo.next_to(safe, RIGHT, LARGE_BUFF)
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objects = VGroup(safe, bongo)
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feynman_smile = ImageMobject("Feynman_smile")
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feynman_smile.match_width(objects)
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feynman_smile.next_to(objects, DOWN)
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VGroup(objects, feynman_smile).next_to(ORIGIN, RIGHT)
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joke = TextMobject(
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"``Science is the belief \\\\ in the ignorance of \\\\ experts.''"
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)
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joke.move_to(objects)
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self.play(LaggedStart(
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DrawBorderThenFill, objects,
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lag_ratio=0.75
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))
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self.play(self.get_book_intro(feynman_smile))
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self.wait()
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self.play(
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objects.shift, 2 * UP,
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VFadeOut(objects)
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)
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self.play(Write(joke))
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self.wait(2)
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self.play(
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self.get_book_intro(books[2]),
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self.get_book_outro(books[1]),
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LaggedStart(FadeOut, joke, run_time=1),
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ApplyMethod(
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feynman_smile.shift, FRAME_HEIGHT * DOWN,
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remover=True
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)
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)
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# As a teacher
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feynman_teacher = ImageMobject("Feynman_teacher")
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feynman_teacher.scale_to_fit_width(FRAME_WIDTH / 2 - 1)
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feynman_teacher.next_to(ORIGIN, RIGHT)
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self.play(self.get_book_intro(feynman_teacher))
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self.wait(3)
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def get_book_animation(self, book,
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initial_shift,
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animated_shift,
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opacity_func
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):
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rect = BackgroundRectangle(book, fill_opacity=1)
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book.shift(initial_shift)
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return AnimationGroup(
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ApplyMethod(book.shift, animated_shift),
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UpdateFromAlphaFunc(
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rect, lambda r, a: r.move_to(book).set_fill(
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opacity=opacity_func(a)
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),
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remover=True
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)
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)
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def get_book_intro(self, book):
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return self.get_book_animation(
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book, 2 * DOWN, 2 * UP, lambda a: 1 - a
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)
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def get_book_outro(self, book):
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return ApplyMethod(book.shift, FRAME_HEIGHT * UP, remover=True)
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def get_feynman_diagram(self):
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x_min = -1.5
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x_max = 1.5
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arrow = Arrow(LEFT, RIGHT, buff=0, use_rectangular_stem=False)
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arrow.tip.move_to(arrow.get_center())
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arrows = VGroup(*[
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arrow.copy().rotate(angle).next_to(point, vect, buff=0)
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for (angle, point, vect) in [
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(-45 * DEGREES, x_min * RIGHT, UL),
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(-135 * DEGREES, x_min * RIGHT, DL),
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(-135 * DEGREES, x_max * RIGHT, UR),
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(-45 * DEGREES, x_max * RIGHT, DR),
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]
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])
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labels = VGroup(*[
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TexMobject(tex)
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for tex in ["e^-", "e^+", "\\text{\\=q}", "q"]
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])
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vects = [UR, DR, UL, DL]
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for arrow, label, vect in zip(arrows, labels, vects):
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label.next_to(arrow.get_center(), vect, buff=SMALL_BUFF)
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wave = FunctionGraph(
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lambda x: 0.2 * np.sin(2 * TAU * x),
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x_min=x_min,
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x_max=x_max,
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)
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wave_label = TexMobject("\\gamma")
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wave_label.next_to(wave, UP, SMALL_BUFF)
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labels.add(wave_label)
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squiggle = ParametricFunction(
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lambda t: np.array([
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t + 0.5 * np.sin(TAU * t),
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0.5 * np.cos(TAU * t),
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0,
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]),
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t_min=0,
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t_max=4,
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)
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squiggle.scale(0.25)
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squiggle.set_color(BLUE)
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squiggle.rotate(-30 * DEGREES)
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squiggle.next_to(
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arrows[2].point_from_proportion(0.75),
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DR, buff=0
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)
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squiggle_label = TexMobject("g")
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squiggle_label.next_to(squiggle, UR, buff=-MED_SMALL_BUFF)
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labels.add(squiggle_label)
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return VGroup(arrows, wave, squiggle, labels)
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class FeynmanLecturesScreenCaptureFrame(Scene):
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def construct(self):
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url = TextMobject("http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/")
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url.to_edge(UP)
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screen_rect = ScreenRectangle(height=6)
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screen_rect.next_to(url, DOWN)
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self.add(url)
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self.play(ShowCreation(screen_rect))
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self.wait()
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class TheMotionOfPlanets(Scene):
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def construct(self):
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self.add_title()
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self.setup_orbits()
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def add_title(self):
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pass
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def setup_orbits(self):
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pass
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