chore(deps): remove subprocess calls to FFMPEG with av (#335)

* chore(deps): remove subprocess calls to FFMPEG with `av`

Linked to the progess made in https://github.com/ManimCommunity/manim/pull/3501.

The following PR aims at reducing subprocess calls for security and speed reasons. Also, with https://github.com/ManimCommunity/manim/pull/3501 is merged, FFMPEG should not be needed anymore as it is part of `PyAv`.

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* fix(lib): oops forgot to commit those changes

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* chore(lib): clear assets and clean code

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* chore(doc): document changes

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - Modified the internal logic to simplify adding configuration options.
   [#321](https://github.com/jeertmans/manim-slides/pull/321)
 
+(v5.1-chore)=
+### Chore
+
+- Removed subrocess calls to FFMPEG with direct `libav` bindings using
+  the `av` Python module. This should enhance rendering speed and security.
+  [#335](https://github.com/jeertmans/manim-slides/pull/335)
+
 ## [v5](https://github.com/jeertmans/manim-slides/compare/v4.16.0...v5.0.0)
 
 Prior to v5, there was no real CHANGELOG other than the GitHub releases,

manim_slides/defaults.py

@@ -2,4 +2,3 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 FOLDER_PATH: Path = Path("./slides")
 CONFIG_PATH: Path = Path(".manim-slides.toml")
-FFMPEG_BIN: Path = Path("ffmpeg")

manim_slides/logger.py

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ def make_logger() -> logging.Logger:
     logger.setLevel(logging.getLogger("manim").level)
     logger.addHandler(rich_handler)
 
+    if not (libav_logger := logging.getLogger("libav")).hasHandlers():
+        libav_logger.addHandler(rich_handler)
+
     return logger
 
 

manim_slides/slide/base.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import numpy as np
 from tqdm import tqdm
 
 from ..config import BaseSlideConfig, PresentationConfig, PreSlideConfig, SlideConfig
-from ..defaults import FFMPEG_BIN, FOLDER_PATH
+from ..defaults import FOLDER_PATH
 from ..logger import logger
 from ..utils import concatenate_video_files, merge_basenames, reverse_video_file
 from . import MANIM
@@ -47,11 +47,6 @@ class BaseSlide:
         self._canvas: MutableMapping[str, Mobject] = {}
         self._wait_time_between_slides = 0.0
 
-    @property
-    def _ffmpeg_bin(self) -> Path:
-        """Return the path to the ffmpeg binaries."""
-        return FFMPEG_BIN
-
     @property
     @abstractmethod
     def _frame_height(self) -> float:
@@ -492,11 +487,11 @@ class BaseSlide:
 
             # We only concat animations if it was not present
             if not use_cache or not dst_file.exists():
-                concatenate_video_files(self._ffmpeg_bin, slide_files, dst_file)
+                concatenate_video_files(slide_files, dst_file)
 
             # We only reverse video if it was not present
             if not use_cache or not rev_file.exists():
-                reverse_video_file(self._ffmpeg_bin, dst_file, rev_file)
+                reverse_video_file(dst_file, rev_file)
 
             slides.append(
                 SlideConfig.from_pre_slide_config_and_files(

manim_slides/slide/manim.py

@@ -13,15 +13,6 @@ class Slide(BaseSlide, Scene):  # type: ignore[misc]
     for slides rendering.
     """
 
-    @property
-    def _ffmpeg_bin(self) -> Path:
-        # Prior to v0.16.0.post0,
-        # ffmpeg was stored as a constant in manim.constants
-        try:
-            return Path(config.ffmpeg_executable)
-        except AttributeError:
-            return super()._ffmpeg_bin
-
     @property
     def _frame_height(self) -> float:
         return config["frame_height"]  # type: ignore

manim_slides/utils.py

@@ -1,46 +1,38 @@
 import hashlib
-import subprocess
 import tempfile
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List
 
+import av
+
 from .logger import logger
 
 
-def concatenate_video_files(ffmpeg_bin: Path, files: List[Path], dest: Path) -> None:
+def concatenate_video_files(files: List[Path], dest: Path) -> None:
     """Concatenate multiple video files into one."""
     f = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="w", delete=False)
     f.writelines(f"file '{path.absolute()}'\n" for path in files)
     f.close()
 
-    command: List[str] = [
+    input_ = av.open(f.name, options={"safe": "0"}, format="concat")
-        str(ffmpeg_bin),
+    input_stream = input_.streams.video[0]
-        "-f",
+    output = av.open(str(dest), mode="w")
-        "concat",
+    output_stream = output.add_stream(
-        "-safe",
+        template=input_stream,
-        "0",
-        "-i",
-        f.name,
-        "-c",
-        "copy",
-        str(dest),
-        "-y",
-    ]
-    logger.debug(" ".join(command))
-    process = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
-    output, error = process.communicate()
-
-    if output:
-        logger.debug(output.decode())
-
-    if error:
-        logger.debug(error.decode())
-
-    if not dest.exists():
-        raise ValueError(
-            "could not properly concatenate files, use `-v DEBUG` for more details"
     )
 
+    for packet in input_.demux(input_stream):
+        # We need to skip the "flushing" packets that `demux` generates.
+        if packet.dts is None:
+            continue
+
+        # We need to assign the packet to the new stream.
+        packet.stream = output_stream
+        output.mux(packet)
+
+    input_.close()
+    output.close()
+
 
 def merge_basenames(files: List[Path]) -> Path:
     """Merge multiple filenames by concatenating basenames."""
@@ -63,15 +55,44 @@ def merge_basenames(files: List[Path]) -> Path:
     return dirname.joinpath(basename + ext)
 
 
-def reverse_video_file(ffmpeg_bin: Path, src: Path, dst: Path) -> None:
+def link_nodes(*nodes: av.filter.context.FilterContext) -> None:
-    """Reverses a video file, writting the result to `dst`."""
+    """Code from https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV/issues/239."""
-    command = [str(ffmpeg_bin), "-y", "-i", str(src), "-vf", "reverse", str(dst)]
+    for c, n in zip(nodes, nodes[1:]):
-    logger.debug(" ".join(command))
+        c.link_to(n)
-    process = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
-    output, error = process.communicate()
 
-    if output:
-        logger.debug(output.decode())
 
-    if error:
+def reverse_video_file(src: Path, dest: Path) -> None:
-        logger.debug(error.decode())
+    """Reverses a video file, writting the result to `dest`."""
+    input_ = av.open(str(src))
+    input_stream = input_.streams.video[0]
+    output = av.open(str(dest), mode="w")
+    output_stream = output.add_stream(codec_name="libx264", rate=input_stream.base_rate)
+    output_stream.width = input_stream.width
+    output_stream.height = input_stream.height
+    output_stream.pix_fmt = input_stream.pix_fmt
+
+    graph = av.filter.Graph()
+    link_nodes(
+        graph.add_buffer(template=input_stream),
+        graph.add("reverse"),
+        graph.add("buffersink"),
+    )
+    graph.configure()
+
+    frames_count = 0
+    for frame in input_.decode(video=0):
+        graph.push(frame)
+        frames_count += 1
+
+    graph.push(None)  # EOF: https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV/issues/886.
+
+    for i in range(frames_count):
+        frame = graph.pull()
+        frame.pict_type = 1  # Otherwise we get a warning saying it is changed
+        output.mux(output_stream.encode(frame))
+
+    for packet in output_stream.encode():
+        output.mux(packet)
+
+    input_.close()
+    output.close()

poetry.lock

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 1.6.1 and should not be changed by hand.
+# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 1.7.0 and should not be changed by hand.
 
 [[package]]
 name = "alabaster"
@@ -71,6 +71,60 @@ docs = ["furo", "myst-parser", "sphinx", "sphinx-notfound-page", "sphinxcontrib-
 tests = ["attrs[tests-no-zope]", "zope-interface"]
 tests-no-zope = ["cloudpickle", "hypothesis", "mypy (>=1.1.1)", "pympler", "pytest (>=4.3.0)", "pytest-mypy-plugins", "pytest-xdist[psutil]"]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "av"
+version = "11.0.0"
+description = "Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries."
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+files = [
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+    {file = "av-11.0.0-cp310-cp310-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:b2236faee1b5d71dff3cdef81ef6eec22cc8b71dbfb45eb037e6437fe80f24e7"},
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+
 [[package]]
 name = "babel"
 version = "2.13.0"
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     {file = "MarkupSafe-2.1.3-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:8e254ae696c88d98da6555f5ace2279cf7cd5b3f52be2b5cf97feafe883b58d2"},
     {file = "MarkupSafe-2.1.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:cb0932dc158471523c9637e807d9bfb93e06a95cbf010f1a38b98623b929ef2b"},
     {file = "MarkupSafe-2.1.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:9402b03f1a1b4dc4c19845e5c749e3ab82d5078d16a2a4c2cd2df62d57bb0707"},
@@ -3043,7 +3087,6 @@ files = [
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     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_s390x.manylinux2014_s390x.whl", hash = "sha256:81e0b275a9ecc9c0c0c07b4b90ba548307583c125f54d5b6946cfee6360c733d"},
     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:ba336e390cd8e4d1739f42dfe9bb83a3cc2e80f567d8805e11b46f4a943f5515"},
-    {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp310-cp310-musllinux_1_1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:326c013efe8048858a6d312ddd31d56e468118ad4cdeda36c719bf5bb6192290"},
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@@ -3051,15 +3094,8 @@ files = [
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     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:d2b04aac4d386b172d5b9692e2d2da8de7bfb6c387fa4f801fbf6fb2e6ba4673"},
-    {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp311-cp311-musllinux_1_1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:e7d73685e87afe9f3b36c799222440d6cf362062f78be1013661b00c5c6f678b"},
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-    {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:0d3304d8c0adc42be59c5f8a4d9e3d7379e6955ad754aa9d6ab7a398b59dd1df"},
     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp36-cp36m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:50550eb667afee136e9a77d6dc71ae76a44df8b3e51e41b77f6de2932bfe0f47"},
     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp36-cp36m-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:1fe35611261b29bd1de0070f0b2f47cb6ff71fa6595c077e42bd0c419fa27b98"},
     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp36-cp36m-manylinux_2_17_s390x.manylinux2014_s390x.whl", hash = "sha256:704219a11b772aea0d8ecd7058d0082713c3562b4e271b849ad7dc4a5c90c13c"},
@@ -3076,7 +3112,6 @@ files = [
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     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:7e07cbde391ba96ab58e532ff4803f79c4129397514e1413a7dc761ccd755735"},
-    {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp38-cp38-musllinux_1_1_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:49a183be227561de579b4a36efbb21b3eab9651dd81b1858589f796549873dd6"},
     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp38-cp38-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:184c5108a2aca3c5b3d3bf9395d50893a7ab82a38004c8f61c258d4428e80206"},
     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:1e2722cc9fbb45d9b87631ac70924c11d3a401b2d7f410cc0e3bbf249f2dca62"},
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@@ -3084,7 +3119,6 @@ files = [
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     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:510c9deebc5c0225e8c96813043e62b680ba2f9c50a08d3724c7f28a747d1486"},
     {file = "PyYAML-6.0.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:bfdf460b1736c775f2ba9f6a92bca30bc2095067b8a9d77876d1fad6cc3b4a43"},
@@ -4106,4 +4140,4 @@ sphinx-directive = ["docutils", "manim"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.0"
 python-versions = ">=3.8.1,<3.12"
-content-hash = "ceecfed388896985beb4023adae6b9815e2c82103f9cb79a546c3b906860120b"
+content-hash = "dc4521c1e0540008ccefc4acc5d842de85d92eb77b34a455a3d223e6ca7940e1"

pyproject.toml

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ repository = "https://github.com/jeertmans/manim-slides"
 version = "5.1.0-rc2"
 
 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
+av = ">=9.0.0"
 click = "^8.1.3"
 click-default-group = "^1.2.2"
 docutils = {version = "^0.20.1", optional = true}

tests/test_base_slide.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ from typing import MutableMapping
 
 import pytest
 
-from manim_slides.defaults import FFMPEG_BIN
 from manim_slides.slide.base import BaseSlide
 
 
@@ -12,9 +11,6 @@ def base_slide() -> BaseSlide:
 
 
 class TestBaseSlide:
-    def test_ffmpeg_bin(self, base_slide: BaseSlide) -> None:
-        assert base_slide._ffmpeg_bin == FFMPEG_BIN
-
     def test_frame_height(self, base_slide: BaseSlide) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
             _ = base_slide._frame_height

tests/test_defaults.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-import shutil
 from pathlib import Path
 
-from manim_slides.defaults import CONFIG_PATH, FFMPEG_BIN, FOLDER_PATH
+from manim_slides.defaults import CONFIG_PATH, FOLDER_PATH
 
 
 def test_folder_path() -> None:
@@ -10,13 +9,3 @@ def test_folder_path() -> None:
 
 def test_config_path() -> None:
     assert CONFIG_PATH == Path(".manim-slides.toml")
-
-
-def test_ffmpeg_bin() -> None:
-    assert FFMPEG_BIN == Path("ffmpeg")
-
-
-def test_ffmpeg_bin_exists() -> None:
-    assert (
-        shutil.which(str(FFMPEG_BIN)) is not None
-    ), "If this fails, many other tests will fail"