Add language customization flag (#7374)

This allows you to customize any string (that has a translation) or add your own translations.

docs/guide.md

@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
   - [Proxying to a Svelte app](#proxying-to-a-svelte-app)
   - [Prefixing `/absproxy/<port>` with a path](#prefixing-absproxyport-with-a-path)
   - [Preflight requests](#preflight-requests)
+- [Internationalization and customization](#internationalization-and-customization)
+  - [Available keys and placeholders](#available-keys-and-placeholders)
+  - [Legacy flag](#legacy-flag)
 
 <!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
 <!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
@@ -458,3 +461,45 @@ By default, if you have auth enabled, code-server will authenticate all proxied
 requests including preflight requests. This can cause issues because preflight
 requests do not typically include credentials. To allow all preflight requests
 through the proxy without authentication, use `--skip-auth-preflight`.
+
+## Internationalization and customization
+
+code-server allows you to provide a JSON file to configure certain strings. This can be used for both internationalization and customization.
+
+Create a JSON file with your custom strings:
+
+```json
+{
+  "WELCOME": "Welcome to {{app}}",
+  "LOGIN_TITLE": "{{app}} Access Portal",
+  "LOGIN_BELOW": "Please log in to continue",
+  "PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER": "Enter Password"
+}
+```
+
+Then reference the file:
+
+```shell
+code-server --i18n /path/to/custom-strings.json
+```
+
+Or this can be done in the config file:
+
+```yaml
+i18n: /path/to/custom-strings.json
+```
+
+You can combine this with the `--locale` flag to configure language support for both code-server and VS Code in cases where code-server has no support but VS Code does. If you are using this for internationalization, please consider sending us a pull request to contribute it to `src/node/i18n/locales`.
+
+### Available keys and placeholders
+
+Refer to [../src/node/i18n/locales/en.json](../src/node/i18n/locales/en.json) for a full list of the available keys for translations. Note that the only placeholders supported for each key are the ones used in the default string.
+
+The `--app-name` flag controls the `{{app}}` placeholder in templates. If you want to change the name, you can either:
+
+1. Set `--app-name` (potentially alongside `--i18n`)
+2. Use `--i18n` and hardcode the name in your strings
+
+### Legacy flag
+
+The `--welcome-text` flag is now deprecated. Use the `WELCOME` key instead.

src/node/cli.ts

@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ export interface UserProvidedArgs extends UserProvidedCodeArgs {
   "app-name"?: string
   "welcome-text"?: string
   "abs-proxy-base-path"?: string
+  i18n?: string
   /* Positional arguments. */
   _?: string[]
 }
@@ -284,17 +285,24 @@ export const options: Options<Required<UserProvidedArgs>> = {
   "app-name": {
     type: "string",
     short: "an",
-    description: "The name to use in branding. Will be shown in titlebar and welcome message",
+    description:
+      "Will replace the {{app}} placeholder in any strings, which by default includes the title bar and welcome message",
   },
   "welcome-text": {
     type: "string",
     short: "w",
     description: "Text to show on login page",
+    deprecated: true,
   },
   "abs-proxy-base-path": {
     type: "string",
     description: "The base path to prefix to all absproxy requests",
   },
+  i18n: {
+    type: "string",
+    path: true,
+    description: "Path to JSON file with custom translations. Merges with default strings and supports all i18n keys.",
+  },
 }
 
 export const optionDescriptions = (opts: Partial<Options<Required<UserProvidedArgs>>> = options): string[] => {

src/node/i18n/index.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { promises as fs } from "fs"
 import i18next, { init } from "i18next"
 import * as en from "./locales/en.json"
 import * as ja from "./locales/ja.json"
@@ -5,29 +6,54 @@ import * as th from "./locales/th.json"
 import * as ur from "./locales/ur.json"
 import * as zhCn from "./locales/zh-cn.json"
 
+const defaultResources = {
+  en: {
+    translation: en,
+  },
+  "zh-cn": {
+    translation: zhCn,
+  },
+  th: {
+    translation: th,
+  },
+  ja: {
+    translation: ja,
+  },
+  ur: {
+    translation: ur,
+  },
+}
+
+export async function loadCustomStrings(filePath: string): Promise<void> {
+  try {
+    // Read custom strings from file path only
+    const fileContent = await fs.readFile(filePath, "utf8")
+    const customStringsData = JSON.parse(fileContent)
+
+    // User-provided strings override all languages.
+    Object.keys(defaultResources).forEach((locale) => {
+      i18next.addResourceBundle(locale, "translation", customStringsData)
+    })
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error && typeof error === "object" && "code" in error && error.code === "ENOENT") {
+      throw new Error(`Custom strings file not found: ${filePath}\nPlease ensure the file exists and is readable.`)
+    } else if (error instanceof SyntaxError) {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid JSON in custom strings file: ${filePath}\n${error.message}`)
+    } else {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Failed to load custom strings from ${filePath}: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,
+      )
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 init({
   lng: "en",
   fallbackLng: "en", // language to use if translations in user language are not available.
   returnNull: false,
   lowerCaseLng: true,
   debug: process.env.NODE_ENV === "development",
-  resources: {
+  resources: defaultResources,
-    en: {
-      translation: en,
-    },
-    "zh-cn": {
-      translation: zhCn,
-    },
-    th: {
-      translation: th,
-    },
-    ja: {
-      translation: ja,
-    },
-    ur: {
-      translation: ur,
-    },
-  },
 })
 
 export default i18next

src/node/main.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { plural } from "../common/util"
 import { createApp, ensureAddress } from "./app"
 import { AuthType, DefaultedArgs, Feature, toCodeArgs, UserProvidedArgs } from "./cli"
 import { commit, version, vsRootPath } from "./constants"
+import { loadCustomStrings } from "./i18n"
 import { register } from "./routes"
 import { VSCodeModule } from "./routes/vscode"
 import { isDirectory, open } from "./util"
@@ -122,6 +123,12 @@ export const runCodeServer = async (
 ): Promise<{ dispose: Disposable["dispose"]; server: http.Server }> => {
   logger.info(`code-server ${version} ${commit}`)
 
+  // Load custom strings if provided
+  if (args.i18n) {
+    await loadCustomStrings(args.i18n)
+    logger.info("Loaded custom strings")
+  }
+
   logger.info(`Using user-data-dir ${args["user-data-dir"]}`)
   logger.debug(`Using extensions-dir ${args["extensions-dir"]}`)
 

src/node/routes/login.ts

@@ -31,23 +31,32 @@ const getRoot = async (req: Request, error?: Error): Promise<string> => {
   const locale = req.args["locale"] || "en"
   i18n.changeLanguage(locale)
   const appName = req.args["app-name"] || "code-server"
-  const welcomeText = req.args["welcome-text"] || (i18n.t("WELCOME", { app: appName }) as string)
+  const welcomeText = escapeHtml(req.args["welcome-text"] || (i18n.t("WELCOME", { app: appName }) as string))
+
+  // Determine password message using i18n
   let passwordMsg = i18n.t("LOGIN_PASSWORD", { configFile: req.args.config })
   if (req.args.usingEnvPassword) {
     passwordMsg = i18n.t("LOGIN_USING_ENV_PASSWORD")
   } else if (req.args.usingEnvHashedPassword) {
     passwordMsg = i18n.t("LOGIN_USING_HASHED_PASSWORD")
   }
+  passwordMsg = escapeHtml(passwordMsg)
+
+  // Get messages from i18n (with HTML escaping for security)
+  const loginTitle = escapeHtml(i18n.t("LOGIN_TITLE", { app: appName }))
+  const loginBelow = escapeHtml(i18n.t("LOGIN_BELOW"))
+  const passwordPlaceholder = escapeHtml(i18n.t("PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER"))
+  const submitText = escapeHtml(i18n.t("SUBMIT"))
 
   return replaceTemplates(
     req,
     content
-      .replace(/{{I18N_LOGIN_TITLE}}/g, i18n.t("LOGIN_TITLE", { app: appName }))
+      .replace(/{{I18N_LOGIN_TITLE}}/g, loginTitle)
       .replace(/{{WELCOME_TEXT}}/g, welcomeText)
       .replace(/{{PASSWORD_MSG}}/g, passwordMsg)
-      .replace(/{{I18N_LOGIN_BELOW}}/g, i18n.t("LOGIN_BELOW"))
+      .replace(/{{I18N_LOGIN_BELOW}}/g, loginBelow)
-      .replace(/{{I18N_PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER}}/g, i18n.t("PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER"))
+      .replace(/{{I18N_PASSWORD_PLACEHOLDER}}/g, passwordPlaceholder)
-      .replace(/{{I18N_SUBMIT}}/g, i18n.t("SUBMIT"))
+      .replace(/{{I18N_SUBMIT}}/g, submitText)
       .replace(/{{ERROR}}/, error ? `<div class="error">${escapeHtml(error.message)}</div>` : ""),
   )
 }

test/unit/node/cli.test.ts

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ describe("parser", () => {
           "--verbose",
           ["--app-name", "custom instance name"],
           ["--welcome-text", "welcome to code"],
+          ["--i18n", "path/to/custom-strings.json"],
           "2",
 
           ["--locale", "ja"],
@@ -145,6 +146,7 @@ describe("parser", () => {
       verbose: true,
       "app-name": "custom instance name",
       "welcome-text": "welcome to code",
+      i18n: path.resolve("path/to/custom-strings.json"),
       version: true,
       "bind-addr": "192.169.0.1:8080",
       "session-socket": "/tmp/override-code-server-ipc-socket",
@@ -347,6 +349,28 @@ describe("parser", () => {
     })
   })
 
+  it("should parse i18n flag with file path", async () => {
+    // Test with file path (no validation at CLI parsing level)
+    const args = parse(["--i18n", "/path/to/custom-strings.json"])
+    expect(args).toEqual({
+      i18n: "/path/to/custom-strings.json",
+    })
+  })
+
+  it("should parse i18n flag with relative file path", async () => {
+    // Test with relative file path
+    expect(() => parse(["--i18n", "./custom-strings.json"])).not.toThrow()
+    expect(() => parse(["--i18n", "strings.json"])).not.toThrow()
+  })
+
+  it("should support app-name and deprecated welcome-text flags", async () => {
+    const args = parse(["--app-name", "My App", "--welcome-text", "Welcome!"])
+    expect(args).toEqual({
+      "app-name": "My App",
+      "welcome-text": "Welcome!",
+    })
+  })
+
   it("should use env var github token", async () => {
     process.env.GITHUB_TOKEN = "ga-foo"
     const args = parse([])

test/unit/node/i18n.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import { promises as fs } from "fs"
+import * as os from "os"
+import * as path from "path"
+import { loadCustomStrings } from "../../../src/node/i18n"
+
+describe("i18n", () => {
+  let tempDir: string
+  let validJsonFile: string
+  let invalidJsonFile: string
+  let nonExistentFile: string
+
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    // Create temporary directory for test files
+    tempDir = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "code-server-i18n-test-"))
+
+    // Create test files
+    validJsonFile = path.join(tempDir, "valid.json")
+    invalidJsonFile = path.join(tempDir, "invalid.json")
+    nonExistentFile = path.join(tempDir, "does-not-exist.json")
+
+    // Write valid JSON file
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      validJsonFile,
+      JSON.stringify({
+        WELCOME: "Custom Welcome",
+        LOGIN_TITLE: "My Custom App",
+        LOGIN_BELOW: "Please log in to continue",
+      }),
+    )
+
+    // Write invalid JSON file
+    await fs.writeFile(invalidJsonFile, '{"WELCOME": "Missing closing quote}')
+  })
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    // Clean up temporary directory
+    await fs.rmdir(tempDir, { recursive: true })
+  })
+
+  describe("loadCustomStrings", () => {
+    it("should load valid JSON file successfully", async () => {
+      // Should not throw an error
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(validJsonFile)).resolves.toBeUndefined()
+    })
+
+    it("should throw clear error for non-existent file", async () => {
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(nonExistentFile)).rejects.toThrow(
+        `Custom strings file not found: ${nonExistentFile}\nPlease ensure the file exists and is readable.`,
+      )
+    })
+
+    it("should throw clear error for invalid JSON", async () => {
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(invalidJsonFile)).rejects.toThrow(
+        `Invalid JSON in custom strings file: ${invalidJsonFile}`,
+      )
+    })
+
+    it("should handle empty JSON object", async () => {
+      const emptyJsonFile = path.join(tempDir, "empty.json")
+      await fs.writeFile(emptyJsonFile, "{}")
+
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(emptyJsonFile)).resolves.toBeUndefined()
+    })
+
+    it("should handle nested JSON objects", async () => {
+      const nestedJsonFile = path.join(tempDir, "nested.json")
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        nestedJsonFile,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          WELCOME: "Hello World",
+          NESTED: {
+            KEY: "Value",
+          },
+        }),
+      )
+
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(nestedJsonFile)).resolves.toBeUndefined()
+    })
+
+    it("should handle special characters and unicode", async () => {
+      const unicodeJsonFile = path.join(tempDir, "unicode.json")
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        unicodeJsonFile,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          WELCOME: "欢迎来到 code-server",
+          LOGIN_TITLE: "Willkommen bei {{app}}",
+          SPECIAL: "Special chars: àáâãäåæçèéêë 🚀 ♠️ ∆",
+        }),
+        "utf8",
+      )
+
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(unicodeJsonFile)).resolves.toBeUndefined()
+    })
+
+    it("should handle generic errors that are not ENOENT or SyntaxError", async () => {
+      const testFile = path.join(tempDir, "test.json")
+      await fs.writeFile(testFile, "{}")
+
+      // Mock fs.readFile to throw a generic error
+      const originalReadFile = fs.readFile
+      const mockError = new Error("Permission denied")
+      fs.readFile = jest.fn().mockRejectedValue(mockError)
+
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(testFile)).rejects.toThrow(
+        `Failed to load custom strings from ${testFile}: Permission denied`,
+      )
+
+      // Restore original function
+      fs.readFile = originalReadFile
+    })
+
+    it("should handle errors that are not Error instances", async () => {
+      const testFile = path.join(tempDir, "test.json")
+      await fs.writeFile(testFile, "{}")
+
+      // Mock fs.readFile to throw a non-Error object
+      const originalReadFile = fs.readFile
+      fs.readFile = jest.fn().mockRejectedValue("String error")
+
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(testFile)).rejects.toThrow(
+        `Failed to load custom strings from ${testFile}: String error`,
+      )
+
+      // Restore original function
+      fs.readFile = originalReadFile
+    })
+
+    it("should handle null/undefined errors", async () => {
+      const testFile = path.join(tempDir, "test.json")
+      await fs.writeFile(testFile, "{}")
+
+      // Mock fs.readFile to throw null
+      const originalReadFile = fs.readFile
+      fs.readFile = jest.fn().mockRejectedValue(null)
+
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(testFile)).rejects.toThrow(`Failed to load custom strings from ${testFile}: null`)
+
+      // Restore original function
+      fs.readFile = originalReadFile
+    })
+
+    it("should complete without errors for valid input", async () => {
+      const testFile = path.join(tempDir, "resource-test.json")
+      const customStrings = {
+        WELCOME: "Custom Welcome Message",
+        LOGIN_TITLE: "Custom Login Title",
+      }
+      await fs.writeFile(testFile, JSON.stringify(customStrings))
+
+      // Should not throw any errors
+      await expect(loadCustomStrings(testFile)).resolves.toBeUndefined()
+    })
+  })
+})

test/unit/node/main.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+import { promises as fs } from "fs"
+import * as path from "path"
+import { setDefaults, parse } from "../../../src/node/cli"
+import { loadCustomStrings } from "../../../src/node/i18n"
+import { tmpdir } from "../../utils/helpers"
+
+// Mock the i18n module
+jest.mock("../../../src/node/i18n", () => ({
+  loadCustomStrings: jest.fn(),
+}))
+
+// Mock logger to avoid console output during tests
+jest.mock("@coder/logger", () => ({
+  logger: {
+    info: jest.fn(),
+    debug: jest.fn(),
+    warn: jest.fn(),
+    error: jest.fn(),
+    level: 0,
+  },
+  field: jest.fn(),
+  Level: {
+    Trace: 0,
+    Debug: 1,
+    Info: 2,
+    Warn: 3,
+    Error: 4,
+  },
+}))
+
+const mockedLoadCustomStrings = loadCustomStrings as jest.MockedFunction<typeof loadCustomStrings>
+
+describe("main", () => {
+  let tempDir: string
+  let mockServer: any
+
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    tempDir = await tmpdir("code-server-main-test")
+
+    // Reset mocks
+    jest.clearAllMocks()
+
+    // Mock the server creation to avoid actually starting a server
+    mockServer = {
+      server: {
+        listen: jest.fn(),
+        address: jest.fn(() => ({ address: "127.0.0.1", port: 8080 })),
+        close: jest.fn(),
+      },
+      editorSessionManagerServer: {
+        address: jest.fn(() => null),
+      },
+      dispose: jest.fn(),
+    }
+  })
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    // Clean up temp directory
+    try {
+      await fs.rmdir(tempDir, { recursive: true })
+    } catch (error) {
+      // Ignore cleanup errors
+    }
+  })
+
+  describe("runCodeServer", () => {
+    it("should load custom strings when i18n flag is provided", async () => {
+      // Create a test custom strings file
+      const customStringsFile = path.join(tempDir, "custom-strings.json")
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        customStringsFile,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          WELCOME: "Custom Welcome",
+          LOGIN_TITLE: "My App",
+        }),
+      )
+
+      // Create args with i18n flag
+      const cliArgs = parse([
+        `--config=${path.join(tempDir, "config.yaml")}`,
+        `--user-data-dir=${tempDir}`,
+        "--bind-addr=localhost:0",
+        "--log=warn",
+        "--auth=none",
+        `--i18n=${customStringsFile}`,
+      ])
+      const args = await setDefaults(cliArgs)
+
+      // Mock the app module
+      jest.doMock("../../../src/node/app", () => ({
+        createApp: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(mockServer),
+        ensureAddress: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(new URL("http://localhost:8080")),
+      }))
+
+      // Mock routes module
+      jest.doMock("../../../src/node/routes", () => ({
+        register: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(jest.fn()),
+      }))
+
+      // Mock loadCustomStrings to succeed
+      mockedLoadCustomStrings.mockResolvedValue(undefined)
+
+      // Import runCodeServer after mocking
+      const mainModule = await import("../../../src/node/main")
+      const result = await mainModule.runCodeServer(args)
+
+      // Verify that loadCustomStrings was called with the correct file path
+      expect(mockedLoadCustomStrings).toHaveBeenCalledWith(customStringsFile)
+      expect(mockedLoadCustomStrings).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+
+      // Clean up
+      await result.dispose()
+    })
+
+    it("should not load custom strings when i18n flag is not provided", async () => {
+      // Create args without i18n flag
+      const cliArgs = parse([
+        `--config=${path.join(tempDir, "config.yaml")}`,
+        `--user-data-dir=${tempDir}`,
+        "--bind-addr=localhost:0",
+        "--log=warn",
+        "--auth=none",
+      ])
+      const args = await setDefaults(cliArgs)
+
+      // Mock the app module
+      jest.doMock("../../../src/node/app", () => ({
+        createApp: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(mockServer),
+        ensureAddress: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(new URL("http://localhost:8080")),
+      }))
+
+      // Mock routes module
+      jest.doMock("../../../src/node/routes", () => ({
+        register: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(jest.fn()),
+      }))
+
+      // Import runCodeServer after mocking
+      const mainModule = await import("../../../src/node/main")
+      const result = await mainModule.runCodeServer(args)
+
+      // Verify that loadCustomStrings was NOT called
+      expect(mockedLoadCustomStrings).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+
+      // Clean up
+      await result.dispose()
+    })
+
+    it("should handle errors when loadCustomStrings fails", async () => {
+      // Create args with i18n flag pointing to non-existent file
+      const nonExistentFile = path.join(tempDir, "does-not-exist.json")
+      const cliArgs = parse([
+        `--config=${path.join(tempDir, "config.yaml")}`,
+        `--user-data-dir=${tempDir}`,
+        "--bind-addr=localhost:0",
+        "--log=warn",
+        "--auth=none",
+        `--i18n=${nonExistentFile}`,
+      ])
+      const args = await setDefaults(cliArgs)
+
+      // Mock loadCustomStrings to throw an error
+      const mockError = new Error("Custom strings file not found")
+      mockedLoadCustomStrings.mockRejectedValue(mockError)
+
+      // Import runCodeServer after mocking
+      const mainModule = await import("../../../src/node/main")
+
+      // Verify that runCodeServer throws the error from loadCustomStrings
+      await expect(mainModule.runCodeServer(args)).rejects.toThrow("Custom strings file not found")
+
+      // Verify that loadCustomStrings was called
+      expect(mockedLoadCustomStrings).toHaveBeenCalledWith(nonExistentFile)
+    })
+  })
+})