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<h1>核サンプリング</h1>
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<p>これは核サンプリングの実装で、論文「<a href="https://papers.labml.ai/paper/1904.09751">神経テキスト変性の奇妙な事例</a>」で紹介されています。</p>
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<p>この論文では、ビームサーチ、<a href="temperature.html">ピュアサンプリング、温度サンプリング</a><a href="temperature.html">、<a href="top_k.html">TOP-Kサンプリングなどの他のサンプリング方法の問題について説明します</a></a>。この論文では、核サンプリングのアイデアを紹介しています。核サンプリングは、テキスト生成において他のサンプリング方法よりも実質的に優れています</p>。
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<p>Nucleus サンプリングでは、最初にボキャブラリのサブセットを選択します。ここで<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.9270999999999999em;vertical-align:-0.0391em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqd" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.22222em">V</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8879999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mopen mtight" style="">(</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqe" style="">p</span></span><span class="mclose mtight" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">⊂</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.22222em;">V</span></span></span></span></span>、<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8879999999999999em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqd" style=""><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.22222em">V</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8879999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mopen mtight" style="">(</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqe" style="">p</span></span><span class="mclose mtight" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>は次のようなトークンの最小セットを選択します。</p>
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<p><span ><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.541535em;vertical-align:-1.49153em;"></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.050005em;"><span style="top:-1.75857em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3280857142857143em;"><span style="top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.143em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mrel mtight">∈</span><span class="mord mtight coloredeq eqd" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.22222em">V</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8220357142857143em;"><span style="top:-2.8220357142857138em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5357142857142856em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mopen mtight" style="">(</span><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight coloredeq eqe" style="">p</span></span><span class="mclose mtight" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.49153em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqb" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">P</span><span class="mopen" style="">(</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.31166399999999994em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord" style="">∣</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.311664em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">:</span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">i</span><span class="mbin mtight" style="">−</span><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.208331em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose" style="">)</span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">≥</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqe" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p>つまり、確率の合計がそれより小さくなるまで、最も可能性の高いトークンを選択します。<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqe" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<p>次に、選択したトークンからサンプリングします。</p>
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<p>これは、<a href="experiment.html">これらのサンプリング手法を使用した実験です</a>。</p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">29</span><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">torch</span>
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<span class="lineno">30</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">torch</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">nn</span>
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<span class="lineno">31</span>
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<span class="lineno">32</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml_nn.sampling</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Sampler</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-1'>
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<div class='docs doc-strings'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-1'>#</a>
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</div>
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<h2>核サンプラー</h2>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">35</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">NucleusSampler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Sampler</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class='section' id='section-2'>
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<div class='docs doc-strings'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-2'>#</a>
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<ul><li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">p</span></code>
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ピックするトークンの確率の合計です <span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqe" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></li>
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<li><code class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">sampler</span></code>
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選択したトークンに使用するサンプラーです</li></ul>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">39</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sampler</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Sampler</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-3'>
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<div class='docs'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-3'>#</a>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">44</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">p</span>
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<span class="lineno">45</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sampler</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sampler</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-4'>
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<div class='docs'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-4'>#</a>
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<p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqb" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">P</span><span class="mopen" style="">(</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.31166399999999994em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord" style="">∣</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.311664em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">:</span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">i</span><span class="mbin mtight" style="">−</span><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.208331em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span>ロジットから計算するソフトマックス</p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">47</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">softmax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Softmax</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class='section' id='section-5'>
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<div class='docs doc-strings'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-5'>#</a>
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</div>
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<p>Nucleus サンプリングによるロジットからのサンプリング</p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">49</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__call__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">logits</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class='section' id='section-6'>
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<div class='docs'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-6'>#</a>
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</div>
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<p>確率を取得 <span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqb" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.13889em">P</span><span class="mopen" style="">(</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.31166399999999994em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord" style="">∣</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.311664em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style=""><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span><span class="mrel mtight" style="">:</span><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="">i</span><span class="mbin mtight" style="">−</span><span class="mord mtight" style="">1</span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s"></span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.208331em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose" style="">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">55</span> <span class="n">probs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">softmax</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">logits</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class='section' id='section-7'>
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<div class='docs'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-7'>#</a>
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</div>
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<p>確率を降順に並べ替える</p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">58</span> <span class="n">sorted_probs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">indices</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">probs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">descending</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<a href='#section-8'>#</a>
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<p>確率の累積合計をソートされた順序で求める</p>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">60</span> <span class="n">cum_sum_probs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cumsum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sorted_probs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<p>より小さい累積和を求めます。<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqe" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">62</span> <span class="n">nucleus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cum_sum_probs</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">p</span></pre></div>
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<a href='#section-10'>#</a>
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<p>累積確率がそれより小さいトークンの最小数の後にトークンを1つ追加するように、1を先頭に追加します。<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqe" style=""><span class="mord mathnormal" style="">p</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">65</span> <span class="n">nucleus</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cat</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="n">nucleus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new_ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nucleus</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,)),</span> <span class="n">nucleus</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]],</span> <span class="n">dim</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<a href='#section-11'>#</a>
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<p>対数確率を取得して非核をマスクする</p>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">68</span> <span class="n">sorted_log_probs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sorted_probs</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
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<span class="lineno">69</span> <span class="n">sorted_log_probs</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">nucleus</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'-inf'</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-12'>#</a>
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<p>サンプラーからのサンプル</p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">72</span> <span class="n">sampled_sorted_indexes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sampler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sorted_log_probs</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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<a href='#section-13'>#</a>
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<p>実際のインデックスを取得</p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">75</span> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">indices</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">gather</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sampled_sorted_indexes</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">unsqueeze</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span></pre></div>
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<div class='section' id='section-14'>
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<div class='docs'>
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<div class='section-link'>
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<a href='#section-14'>#</a>
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<p></p>
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</div>
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<div class='code'>
|
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">78</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">squeeze</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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