fix(components): include mode classes on components for use in shadow (#17838)

- removes mode-less component classes from the internal CSS, use element instead
- adds mode specific classes `md` or `ios` for styling inside of shadow components
- adds e2e test that verifies mode classes exist on all ionic components, plus checks for specific classes that the components need for internal styling

fixes #17608

core/src/components/menu/menu.tsx

@@ -510,6 +510,7 @@ export class Menu implements ComponentInterface, MenuI {
     return {
       role: 'complementary',
       class: {
+        [`${this.mode}`]: true,
         [`menu-type-${type}`]: true,
         'menu-enabled': !disabled,
         'menu-side-end': isEndSide,