chore: add strong types in several places (#28781)

Issue number: Internal

---------

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## What is the current behavior?
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As part of FW-2832 the team has an initiative to remove much of the
`any` usage in favor of stronger types. This will make modifications to
this codebase safer as we will have access to proper type checking.

## What is the new behavior?
<!-- Please describe the behavior or changes that are being added by
this PR. -->

- Removed several `any` usages in favor of stronger types.

Note that not all of the `any` types within these files have been
removed. I mainly stuck to the low hanging fruit 😄

## Does this introduce a breaking change?

- [ ] Yes
- [x] No

I intentionally made type changes that do not impact public APIs. Any
incorrect type changes would cause our CI checks to fail.

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## Other information

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screenshots of how the component looks before and after the change. -->

core/src/utils/transition/ios.transition.ts

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ const DURATION = 540;
 
 // TODO(FW-2832): types
 
-const getClonedElement = (tagName: string): any => {
-  return document.querySelector(`${tagName}.ion-cloned-element`) as any;
+const getClonedElement = <T extends HTMLIonBackButtonElement | HTMLIonTitleElement>(tagName: string) => {
+  return document.querySelector<T>(`${tagName}.ion-cloned-element`);
 };
 
 export const shadow = <T extends Element>(el: T): ShadowRoot | T => {
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ const createLargeTitleTransition = (
   rootAnimation: Animation,
   rtl: boolean,
   backDirection: boolean,
-  enteringEl: any,
-  leavingEl: any
+  enteringEl: HTMLElement,
+  leavingEl: HTMLElement | undefined
 ) => {
   const enteringBackButton = getBackButton(enteringEl, backDirection);
   const leavingLargeTitle = getLargeTitle(leavingEl);
@@ -268,10 +268,10 @@ const animateBackButton = (
   const enteringBackButtonIconAnimation = createAnimation();
   const enteringBackButtonAnimation = createAnimation();
 
-  const clonedBackButtonEl = getClonedElement('ion-back-button');
+  const clonedBackButtonEl = getClonedElement<HTMLIonBackButtonElement>('ion-back-button')!;
 
-  const clonedBackButtonTextEl = shadow(clonedBackButtonEl).querySelector('.button-text');
-  const clonedBackButtonIconEl = shadow(clonedBackButtonEl).querySelector('ion-icon');
+  const clonedBackButtonTextEl = shadow(clonedBackButtonEl).querySelector('.button-text')!;
+  const clonedBackButtonIconEl = shadow(clonedBackButtonEl).querySelector('ion-icon')!;
 
   clonedBackButtonEl.text = backButtonEl.text;
   clonedBackButtonEl.mode = backButtonEl.mode;
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ const animateLargeTitle = (
 
   const KEYFRAMES = backDirection ? BACKWARDS_KEYFRAMES : FORWARDS_KEYFRAMES;
 
-  const clonedTitleEl = getClonedElement('ion-title');
+  const clonedTitleEl = getClonedElement<HTMLIonTitleElement>('ion-title')!;
   const clonedLargeTitleAnimation = createAnimation();
 
   clonedTitleEl.innerText = largeTitleEl.innerText;
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ export const iosTransitionAnimation = (navEl: HTMLElement, opts: TransitionOptio
     const CENTER = '0%';
     const OFF_OPACITY = 0.8;
 
-    const isRTL = (navEl.ownerDocument as any).dir === 'rtl';
+    const isRTL = navEl.ownerDocument.dir === 'rtl';
     const OFF_RIGHT = isRTL ? '-99.5%' : '99.5%';
     const OFF_LEFT = isRTL ? '33%' : '-33%';