From f64355ba7a53cddf7c0a147ea7678f0fe6de6fba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Igor Randjelovic <rigor789@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 17 May 2023 21:02:06 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] refactor: improved core barrel exports and Application class
 (#10286)

BREAKING CHANGES:

`Application.orientation` is no longer a function.

Migration: Remove `()` from the `Application.orientation()` call:
```diff
import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";

-console.log(Application.orientation());
+console.log(Application.orientation);
```


`Application.systemAppearance` is no longer a function.

Migration: Remove `()` from the `Application.systemAppearance()` call:
```diff
import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";

-console.log(Application.systemAppearance());
+console.log(Application.systemAppearance);
```
---
 .prettierrc.json                              |  10 +-
 apps/automated/package.json                   |   1 +
 .../application/application-tests-common.ts   |   9 +-
 .../application/application-tests.android.ts  |   6 +-
 .../src/file-system/file-system-tests.ts      |   5 +-
 .../src/image-source/image-source-tests.ts    |  15 +-
 apps/automated/src/livesync/livesync-tests.ts |  11 +-
 apps/automated/src/main.ts                    |  84 +-
 apps/automated/src/pages/page5.ts             |  49 +-
 .../src/ui/core/bindable/bindable-tests.ts    |  37 +-
 apps/automated/src/ui/image/image-tests.ts    |   4 +-
 .../src/ui/list-picker/list-picker-tests.ts   |  43 +-
 .../src/ui/root-view/reset-root-view-tests.ts |  44 +-
 .../src/ui/tab-view/tab-view-root-tests.ts    |  14 +-
 .../src/ui/view/view-tests-common.ts          |  37 +-
 apps/automated/webpack.config.js              |  20 +-
 .../accessibility/accessibility-css-helper.ts |  11 +-
 .../accessibility-service.android.ts          |  57 +-
 .../accessibility-service.ios.ts              |   2 +-
 .../core/accessibility/font-scale.android.ts  |   3 +-
 packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.ios.ts |   2 +-
 packages/core/accessibility/index.android.ts  |   4 +-
 packages/core/accessibility/index.ios.ts      |   2 +-
 .../application-settings/index.android.ts     |   4 +-
 packages/core/application/Readme.md           |   1 -
 .../core/application/application-common.ts    | 727 +++++++++++++----
 .../application/application-interfaces.ts     | 197 +++--
 .../core/application/application-shims.ts     | 391 +++++++++
 .../core/application/application.android.ts   | 489 +++++++++++
 packages/core/application/application.d.ts    | 186 +++++
 packages/core/application/application.ios.ts  | 436 ++++++++++
 packages/core/application/index.android.ts    | 591 +-------------
 packages/core/application/index.d.ts          | 761 +-----------------
 packages/core/application/index.ios.ts        | 600 +-------------
 packages/core/connectivity/index.android.ts   |   9 +-
 .../file-system/file-system-access.android.ts |   6 +-
 packages/core/file-system/index.ts            |  12 +-
 packages/core/image-source/index.android.ts   |   4 +-
 packages/core/index.d.ts                      | 159 +---
 packages/core/index.ts                        | 188 +----
 packages/core/jest.setup.ts                   |  19 +-
 packages/core/module-name-resolver/index.ts   |  14 +-
 .../non-bundle-workflow-compat.ts             |   4 +-
 packages/core/platform/index.android.ts       |  10 +-
 packages/core/ui/action-bar/index.android.ts  |  10 +-
 packages/core/ui/core/view/index.android.ts   |  20 +-
 .../ui/core/view/view-helper/index.ios.ts     |  12 +-
 packages/core/ui/dialogs/index.ios.ts         |  12 +-
 packages/core/ui/frame/activity.android.ts    |   4 +-
 packages/core/ui/frame/index.android.ts       | 151 ++--
 packages/core/ui/frame/index.ios.ts           |   4 +-
 .../core/ui/styling/background.android.ts     |   8 +-
 packages/core/ui/styling/style-scope.ts       |  16 +-
 packages/core/ui/tab-view/index.android.ts    |   4 +-
 .../shared-transition-helper.ios.ts           |  38 +-
 .../core/ui/transition/shared-transition.ts   |  15 +-
 packages/core/utils/android/index.ts          | 171 ++++
 packages/core/utils/index.android.ts          |  25 +-
 packages/core/utils/index.d.ts                |  16 +-
 packages/core/utils/index.ios.ts              |  21 +-
 packages/core/utils/ios/index.ts              | 329 ++++++++
 .../core/utils/layout-helper/index.android.ts |   6 +-
 .../core/utils/mainthread-helper.android.ts   |   4 +-
 packages/core/utils/native-helper.android.ts  | 182 +----
 packages/core/utils/native-helper.d.ts        | 523 ++++++------
 packages/core/utils/native-helper.ios.ts      | 339 +-------
 packages/core/utils/platform-check.ts         |  26 +
 67 files changed, 3536 insertions(+), 3678 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 packages/core/application/Readme.md
 create mode 100644 packages/core/application/application-shims.ts
 create mode 100644 packages/core/application/application.android.ts
 create mode 100644 packages/core/application/application.d.ts
 create mode 100644 packages/core/application/application.ios.ts
 create mode 100644 packages/core/utils/android/index.ts
 create mode 100644 packages/core/utils/ios/index.ts
 create mode 100644 packages/core/utils/platform-check.ts

diff --git a/.prettierrc.json b/.prettierrc.json
index 098f6bab3..bc8dae834 100644
--- a/.prettierrc.json
+++ b/.prettierrc.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
-  "useTabs": true,
-  "printWidth": 600,
-  "tabWidth": 2,
-  "singleQuote": true
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+	"useTabs": true,
+	"printWidth": 600,
+	"tabWidth": 2,
+	"singleQuote": true
+}
diff --git a/apps/automated/package.json b/apps/automated/package.json
index 0de8f239a..9ed1314a9 100644
--- a/apps/automated/package.json
+++ b/apps/automated/package.json
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
     "@nativescript/android": "~8.5.0",
     "@nativescript/ios": "~8.5.0",
     "@nativescript/webpack": "file:../../dist/packages/nativescript-webpack.tgz",
+    "circular-dependency-plugin": "^5.2.2",
     "typescript": "~4.9.5"
   },
   "gitHead": "c06800e52ee1a184ea2dffd12a6702aaa43be4e3",
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests-common.ts b/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests-common.ts
index dba7f33ff..440ecb35e 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests-common.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests-common.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import * as app from '@nativescript/core/application';
-import { isAndroid, isIOS, Device, Application, platformNames } from '@nativescript/core';
+import { isAndroid, isIOS, Device, Application, platformNames } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 import * as TKUnit from '../tk-unit';
 
@@ -11,9 +10,9 @@ if (isAndroid) {
 
 export function testInitialized() {
 	if (Device.os === platformNames.android) {
-		TKUnit.assert(app.android, 'Application module not properly intialized');
+		TKUnit.assert(Application.android, 'Application module not properly intialized');
 	} else if (Device.os === platformNames.ios) {
-		TKUnit.assert(app.ios, 'Application module not properly intialized');
+		TKUnit.assert(Application.ios, 'Application module not properly intialized');
 	}
 }
 
@@ -23,5 +22,5 @@ export function testDisplayedEvent() {
 }
 
 export function testOrientation() {
-	TKUnit.assert(Application.orientation(), 'Orientation not initialized.');
+	TKUnit.assert(Application.orientation, 'Orientation not initialized.');
 }
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests.android.ts b/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests.android.ts
index 80f899652..d927fb1cc 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests.android.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/application/application-tests.android.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,11 @@ export function testAndroidApplicationInitialized() {
 	TKUnit.assert(Application.android, 'Android application not initialized.');
 	TKUnit.assert(Application.android.context, 'Android context not initialized.');
 	TKUnit.assert(Application.android.foregroundActivity, 'Android foregroundActivity not initialized.');
-	TKUnit.assert(Application.android.foregroundActivity.isNativeScriptActivity, 'Android foregroundActivity.isNativeScriptActivity is false.');
+	TKUnit.assert(
+		// @ts-expect-error
+		Application.android.foregroundActivity.isNativeScriptActivity,
+		'Android foregroundActivity.isNativeScriptActivity is false.'
+	);
 	TKUnit.assert(Application.android.startActivity, 'Android startActivity not initialized.');
 	TKUnit.assert(Application.android.nativeApp, 'Android nativeApp not initialized.');
 	TKUnit.assert(Application.android.orientation, 'Android orientation not initialized.');
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/file-system/file-system-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/file-system/file-system-tests.ts
index d6a30e99b..3a2ba03c8 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/file-system/file-system-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/file-system/file-system-tests.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ import * as fs from '@nativescript/core/file-system';
 // << file-system-require
 
 import * as TKUnit from '../tk-unit';
-import * as appModule from '@nativescript/core/application';
-import { isIOS, Device, platformNames, isAndroid } from '@nativescript/core';
+import { Application, isIOS, Device, platformNames, isAndroid } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 export var testPathNormalize = function () {
 	// >> file-system-normalize
@@ -600,7 +599,7 @@ export var testFolderClear = function () {
 // misc
 export var testKnownFolderRename = function () {
 	// You can rename known folders in android - so skip this test.
-	if (!appModule.android) {
+	if (!Application.android) {
 		var folder = fs.knownFolders.documents();
 		folder.rename('Something').then(
 			function (result) {
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/image-source/image-source-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/image-source/image-source-tests.ts
index f46acce80..2c0715616 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/image-source/image-source-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/image-source/image-source-tests.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 import { ImageSource } from '@nativescript/core/image-source';
 import * as imageAssetModule from '@nativescript/core/image-asset';
 import * as fs from '@nativescript/core/file-system';
-import * as app from '@nativescript/core/application';
 import * as TKUnit from '../tk-unit';
-import { Font } from '@nativescript/core/ui/styling/font';
-import { Color } from '@nativescript/core/color';
-import * as utils from '@nativescript/core/utils';
+import { Application, Font, Color, Utils } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 const imagePath = '~/assets/logo.png';
 const splashscreenPath = '~/assets/splashscreen.png';
@@ -23,7 +20,7 @@ export function testFromResource() {
 
 export function testDrawableSetNativeSource() {
 	if (global.isAndroid) {
-		const context = utils.ad.getApplicationContext() as android.content.Context;
+		const context = Utils.android.getApplicationContext() as android.content.Context;
 		const rDrawable = `${context.getPackageName()}.R$drawable`;
 		const rClazz = java.lang.Class.forName(`${rDrawable}`);
 		const iconId = rClazz.getDeclaredField('icon').get(null) as java.lang.Integer;
@@ -253,9 +250,9 @@ export function testFromAssetWithBiggerScaling(done) {
 
 export function testNativeFields() {
 	const img = ImageSource.fromFileSync(imagePath);
-	if (app.android) {
+	if (Application.android) {
 		TKUnit.assert(img.android != null, 'Image.android not updated.');
-	} else if (app.ios) {
+	} else if (Application.ios) {
 		TKUnit.assert(img.ios != null, 'Image.ios not updated.');
 	}
 }
@@ -315,9 +312,9 @@ export function testLoadFromBase64Encode_JPEG() {
 
 export function testLoadFromBase64Encode_PNG() {
 	let img: ImageSource;
-	if (app.android) {
+	if (Application.android) {
 		img = ImageSource.fromBase64Sync(fullAndroidPng);
-	} else if (app.ios) {
+	} else if (Application.ios) {
 		img = ImageSource.fromBase64Sync(fullIosPng);
 	}
 
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/livesync/livesync-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/livesync/livesync-tests.ts
index 427e30112..67e69e8a9 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/livesync/livesync-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/livesync/livesync-tests.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
 import * as helper from '../ui-helper';
 import * as TKUnit from '../tk-unit';
 
-import * as app from '@nativescript/core/application';
-import * as frame from '@nativescript/core/ui/frame';
-import { Color } from '@nativescript/core/color';
-import { Builder } from '@nativescript/core/ui/builder';
-import { Page } from '@nativescript/core/ui/page';
-import { Frame } from '@nativescript/core/ui/frame';
+import { Application, Frame, Page, Builder, Color } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 const LIVESYNC_FOLDER = 'livesync/';
 
@@ -45,7 +40,7 @@ export function setUp() {
 }
 
 export function tearDown() {
-	app.setCssFileName(appCssFileName);
+	Application.setCssFileName(appCssFileName);
 }
 
 export function test_onLiveSync_ModuleContext_AppStyle_AppNewCss() {
@@ -143,7 +138,7 @@ function _test_onLiveSync_ModuleContext_AppStyle(appStyleFileName: string, lives
 	const buttonPage = <Page>Builder.createViewFromEntry({ moduleName: buttonPageModuleName });
 	helper.navigateWithHistory(() => buttonPage);
 
-	app.setCssFileName(appStyleFileName);
+	Application.setCssFileName(appStyleFileName);
 	const pageBeforeLiveSync = helper.getCurrentPage();
 	livesync({ type: 'style', path: livesyncStyleFileName });
 
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/main.ts b/apps/automated/src/main.ts
index acb8fc89c..05cbb7bf8 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/main.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/main.ts
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ if (typeof NSDate !== 'undefined') {
 	start = java.lang.System.currentTimeMillis();
 }
 
-import { Application, ApplicationEventData, UnhandledErrorEventData, DiscardedErrorEventData, AndroidActivityBundleEventData, AndroidActivityEventData, AndroidApplication, AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData, AndroidActivityResultEventData, AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData } from '@nativescript/core';
+import { AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData, AndroidActivityBundleEventData, AndroidActivityEventData, AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData, AndroidActivityResultEventData, Application, ApplicationEventData, DiscardedErrorEventData, LaunchEventData, UnhandledErrorEventData } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 if (Application.ios) {
 	// Observe application notifications.
 	Application.ios.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification, (notification: NSNotification) => {
-		console.log('UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification: ' + notification);
+		console.log('UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification:', notification);
 	});
 }
 
@@ -19,118 +19,118 @@ Application.on(Application.displayedEvent, function (args: ApplicationEventData)
 	global.isDisplayedEventFired = true;
 
 	if (args.android) {
-		// For Android applications, args.android is an Android activity class.
-		console.log('Displayed Activity: ' + args.android);
+		// For Android applications, args.activity is an Android activity class.
+		console.log('Displayed Activity:', (args as AndroidActivityEventData).activity);
 	} else if (args.ios) {
 		// For iOS applications, args.ios is UIApplication.
-		console.log('Displayed UIApplication: ' + args.ios);
+		console.log('Displayed UIApplication:', args.ios);
 	}
 });
 
-Application.on(Application.launchEvent, function (args: ApplicationEventData) {
+Application.on(Application.launchEvent, function (args: LaunchEventData) {
 	if (args.android) {
 		// For Android applications, args.android is an android.content.Intent class.
-		console.log('Launched Android application with the following intent: ' + args.android + '.');
+		console.log('Launched Android application with the following intent:', args.android);
 	} else if (args.ios !== undefined) {
 		// For iOS applications, args.ios is NSDictionary (launchOptions).
-		console.log('Launched iOS application with options: ' + args.ios);
+		console.log('Launched iOS application with options:', args.ios);
 	}
 });
 
 Application.on(Application.suspendEvent, function (args: ApplicationEventData) {
 	if (args.android) {
 		// For Android applications, args.android is an Android activity class.
-		console.log('Suspend Activity: ' + args.android);
+		console.log('Suspend Activity:', args.android);
 	} else if (args.ios) {
 		// For iOS applications, args.ios is UIApplication.
-		console.log('Suspend UIApplication: ' + args.ios);
+		console.log('Suspend UIApplication:', args.ios);
 	}
 });
 
 Application.on(Application.resumeEvent, function (args: ApplicationEventData) {
 	if (args.android) {
 		// For Android applications, args.android is an Android activity class.
-		console.log('Resume Activity: ' + args.android);
+		console.log('Resume Activity:', args.android);
 	} else if (args.ios) {
 		// For iOS applications, args.ios is UIApplication.
-		console.log('Resume UIApplication: ' + args.ios);
+		console.log('Resume UIApplication:', args.ios);
 	}
 });
 
 Application.on(Application.exitEvent, function (args: ApplicationEventData) {
 	if (args.android) {
 		// For Android applications, args.android is an Android activity class.
-		console.log('Exit Activity: ' + args.android);
+		console.log('Exit Activity:', args.android);
 	} else if (args.ios) {
 		// For iOS applications, args.ios is UIApplication.
-		console.log('Exit UIApplication: ' + args.ios);
+		console.log('Exit UIApplication:', args.ios);
 	}
 });
 
 Application.on(Application.lowMemoryEvent, function (args: ApplicationEventData) {
 	if (args.android) {
 		// For Android applications, args.android is an Android activity class.
-		console.log('Low Memory: ' + args.android);
+		console.log('Low Memory:', args.android);
 	} else if (args.ios) {
 		// For iOS applications, args.ios is UIApplication.
-		console.log('Low Memory: ' + args.ios);
+		console.log('Low Memory:', args.ios);
 	}
 });
 
 // Error events.
 Application.on(Application.uncaughtErrorEvent, function (args: UnhandledErrorEventData) {
-	console.log('NativeScriptError: ' + args.error);
-	console.log((<any>args.error).nativeException || (<any>args.error).nativeError);
-	console.log((<any>args.error).stackTrace || (<any>args.error).stack);
+	console.log('NativeScriptError:', args.error);
+	console.log((<any>args.error).nativeException ?? (<any>args.error).nativeError);
+	console.log((<any>args.error).stackTrace ?? (<any>args.error).stack);
 });
 
 Application.on(Application.discardedErrorEvent, function (args: DiscardedErrorEventData) {
-	console.log('[Discarded] NativeScriptError: ' + args.error);
-	console.log((<any>args.error).nativeException || (<any>args.error).nativeError);
-	console.log((<any>args.error).stackTrace || (<any>args.error).stack);
+	console.log('[Discarded] NativeScriptError:', args.error);
+	console.log((<any>args.error).nativeException ?? (<any>args.error).nativeError);
+	console.log((<any>args.error).stackTrace ?? (<any>args.error).stack);
 });
 
 // Android activity events.
 if (Application.android) {
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityCreatedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity + ', Bundle: ' + args.bundle);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityCreatedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity:', args.activity, ', Bundle:', args.bundle);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityDestroyedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityDestroyedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ', args.activity);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityStartedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityStartedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity:', args.activity);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityPausedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityPausedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity:', args.activity);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityResumedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityResumedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity:', args.activity);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityStoppedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityStoppedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity:', args.activity);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.saveActivityStateEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity + ', Bundle: ' + args.bundle);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.saveActivityStateEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity:', args.activity, ', Bundle:', args.bundle);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityResultEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityResultEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity + ', requestCode: ' + args.requestCode + ', resultCode: ' + args.resultCode + ', Intent: ' + args.intent);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityResultEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityResultEventData) {
+		console.log('Event:', args.eventName, ', Activity:', args.activity, ', requestCode: ', args.requestCode, ', resultCode: ', args.resultCode, ', Intent: ', args.intent);
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityBackPressedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityBackPressedEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData) {
+		console.log('Event:', args.eventName, ', Activity:', args.activity);
 		// Set args.cancel = true to cancel back navigation and do something custom.
 	});
 
-	Application.android.on(AndroidApplication.activityNewIntentEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData) {
-		console.log('Event: ' + args.eventName + ', Activity: ' + args.activity + ', Intent: ' + args.intent);
+	Application.android.on(Application.android.activityNewIntentEvent, function (args: AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData) {
+		console.log('Event: ', args.eventName, ', Activity:', args.activity, ', Intent:', args.intent);
 	});
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/pages/page5.ts b/apps/automated/src/pages/page5.ts
index 55c0945ca..349e272a9 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/pages/page5.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/pages/page5.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
-import * as gridModule from '@nativescript/core/ui/layouts/grid-layout';
-import * as pages from '@nativescript/core/ui/page';
-import * as buttons from '@nativescript/core/ui/button';
-import * as app from '@nativescript/core/application';
 import * as platform from '@nativescript/core/platform';
+import { Application, Page, Button, GridLayout } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 function printDeviceInfoAndroid() {
 	console.log('android.os.Build.DEVICE = ' + android.os.Build.DEVICE); //android.os.Build.DEVICE = hammerhead
@@ -10,7 +7,9 @@ function printDeviceInfoAndroid() {
 	console.log('android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT = ' + android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT); //android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT = 19
 	console.log('android.os.Build.VERSION.CODENAME = ' + android.os.Build.VERSION.CODENAME); //android.os.Build.VERSION.CODENAME = REL
 	console.log('android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE = ' + android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE); //android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE = 4.4.4
-	var metrics: android.util.DisplayMetrics = app.android.context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
+	var metrics: android.util.DisplayMetrics = Application.android.context
+		.getResources()
+		.getDisplayMetrics();
 	console.log('metrics.density = ' + metrics.density); //metrics.density = 3
 	console.log('metrics.scaledDensity = ' + metrics.scaledDensity); //metrics.scaledDensity = 3
 	console.log('metrics.densityDpi = ' + metrics.densityDpi); //metrics.densityDpi = 480
@@ -19,11 +18,16 @@ function printDeviceInfoAndroid() {
 	console.log('metrics.widthPixels = ' + metrics.widthPixels); //metrics.widthPixels = 1080
 	console.log('metrics.heightPixels = ' + metrics.heightPixels); //metrics.heightPixels = 1776
 
-	var config = app.android.context.getResources().getConfiguration();
+	var config = Application.android.context.getResources().getConfiguration();
 	console.log('config.screenWidthDp = ' + config.screenWidthDp);
 	console.log('config.screenHeightDp = ' + config.screenHeightDp);
 	console.log('config.smallestScreenWidthDp = ' + config.smallestScreenWidthDp);
-	console.log('config.orientation = ' + (config.orientation === android.content.res.Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT ? 'portrait' : 'ladscape'));
+	console.log(
+		'config.orientation = ' +
+			(config.orientation === android.content.res.Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT
+				? 'portrait'
+				: 'ladscape')
+	);
 }
 
 function printDeviceInfoIOS() {
@@ -37,7 +41,12 @@ function printDeviceInfoIOS() {
 	console.log('device.batteryLevel = ' + device.batteryLevel); //device.batteryLevel = -1
 	var screen = UIScreen.mainScreen;
 	console.log('screen = ' + screen);
-	console.log('screen.nativeBounds = ' + screen.nativeBounds.size.width + ', ' + screen.nativeBounds.size.height); //screen.nativeBounds = 640, 1136
+	console.log(
+		'screen.nativeBounds = ' +
+			screen.nativeBounds.size.width +
+			', ' +
+			screen.nativeBounds.size.height
+	); //screen.nativeBounds = 640, 1136
 	console.log('screen.scale = ' + screen.scale); //screen.scale = 2
 	console.log('screen.nativeScale = ' + screen.nativeScale); //screen.nativeScale = 2
 }
@@ -49,15 +58,23 @@ function printTNSInfo() {
 	console.log('platform.Device.sdkVersion = ' + platform.Device.sdkVersion);
 	console.log('platform.Device.deviceType = ' + platform.Device.deviceType);
 
-	console.log('platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthDIPs = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthDIPs);
-	console.log('platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightDIPs = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightDIPs);
+	console.log(
+		'platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthDIPs = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthDIPs
+	);
+	console.log(
+		'platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightDIPs = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightDIPs
+	);
 	console.log('platform.Screen.mainScreen.scale = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.scale);
-	console.log('platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthPixels = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthPixels);
-	console.log('platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightPixels = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightPixels);
+	console.log(
+		'platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthPixels = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.widthPixels
+	);
+	console.log(
+		'platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightPixels = ' + platform.Screen.mainScreen.heightPixels
+	);
 }
 
 function print() {
-	if (app.android) {
+	if (Application.android) {
 		printDeviceInfoAndroid();
 	} else {
 		printDeviceInfoIOS();
@@ -67,10 +84,10 @@ function print() {
 //print();
 
 export function createPage() {
-	var page = new pages.Page();
-	var grid = new gridModule.GridLayout();
+	var page = new Page();
+	var grid = new GridLayout();
 
-	var btn = new buttons.Button();
+	var btn = new Button();
 	btn.text = 'print';
 	btn.on('tap', (d) => {
 		print();
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/ui/core/bindable/bindable-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/ui/core/bindable/bindable-tests.ts
index 28f87fabe..8007ee0ff 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/ui/core/bindable/bindable-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/ui/core/bindable/bindable-tests.ts
@@ -5,14 +5,7 @@ import * as TKUnit from '../../../tk-unit';
 import * as types from '@nativescript/core/utils/types';
 import * as helper from '../../../ui-helper';
 import * as bindingBuilder from '@nativescript/core/ui/builder/binding-builder';
-import * as appModule from '@nativescript/core/application';
-import { Trace } from '@nativescript/core';
-import { View } from '@nativescript/core/ui/core/view';
-import { Button } from '@nativescript/core/ui/button';
-import { Page } from '@nativescript/core/ui/page';
-import { StackLayout } from '@nativescript/core/ui/layouts/stack-layout';
-import { Label } from '@nativescript/core/ui/label';
-import { TextField } from '@nativescript/core/ui/text-field';
+import { Application, View, Button, Page, StackLayout, Label, TextField, Trace } from '@nativescript/core';
 declare var WeakRef: any;
 // <snippet module="ui/core/bindable" title="bindable">
 // For information and examples how to use bindings please refer to special [**Data binding**](../../../../bindings.md) topic.
@@ -583,7 +576,11 @@ export function test_BindingToParentView_ShouldNotLeaveGarbageInViewModel() {
 		testStack.bindingContext = stackViewModel;
 
 		let testLabel = <Label>testStack.getChildAt(0);
-		testLabel.bind({ sourceProperty: '$parent.testProperty', targetProperty: 'text', expression: '$parent.testProperty' });
+		testLabel.bind({
+			sourceProperty: '$parent.testProperty',
+			targetProperty: 'text',
+			expression: '$parent.testProperty',
+		});
 
 		TKUnit.assertEqual(testLabel.text, expectedValue);
 		TKUnit.assertTrue(stackViewModel['$parent'] === undefined, "stackViewModel['$parent'] should be removed from parent binding context.");
@@ -610,7 +607,11 @@ export function test_BindingToParentsView_ShouldNotLeaveGarbageInViewModel() {
 		testStack.bindingContext = stackViewModel;
 
 		let testLabel = <Label>testStack.getChildAt(0);
-		testLabel.bind({ sourceProperty: "$parents['StackLayout'].testProperty", targetProperty: 'text', expression: "$parents['StackLayout'].testProperty" });
+		testLabel.bind({
+			sourceProperty: "$parents['StackLayout'].testProperty",
+			targetProperty: 'text',
+			expression: "$parents['StackLayout'].testProperty",
+		});
 
 		TKUnit.assertEqual(testLabel.text, expectedValue);
 		TKUnit.assertTrue(stackViewModel['$parent'] === undefined, "stackViewModel['$parent'] should be removed from parent binding context.");
@@ -632,11 +633,15 @@ export function test_BindingToDictionaryAtAppLevel() {
 	pageViewModel.set('testProperty', testPropertyName);
 	const dict = {};
 	dict[testPropertyName] = expectedValue;
-	appModule.getResources()['dict'] = dict;
+	Application.getResources()['dict'] = dict;
 
 	const testFunc = function (views: Array<View>) {
 		const testLabel = <Label>views[0];
-		testLabel.bind({ sourceProperty: 'testProperty', targetProperty: 'text', expression: 'dict[testProperty]' });
+		testLabel.bind({
+			sourceProperty: 'testProperty',
+			targetProperty: 'text',
+			expression: 'dict[testProperty]',
+		});
 
 		const page = <Page>views[1];
 		page.bindingContext = pageViewModel;
@@ -658,7 +663,7 @@ export function test_BindingConverterCalledEvenWithNullValue() {
 	const testPropertyValue = null;
 	const expectedValue = 'collapsed';
 	pageViewModel.set('testProperty', testPropertyValue);
-	appModule.getResources()['converter'] = {
+	Application.getResources()['converter'] = {
 		toView: function (value) {
 			if (value) {
 				return 'visible';
@@ -670,7 +675,11 @@ export function test_BindingConverterCalledEvenWithNullValue() {
 
 	const testFunc = function (views: Array<View>) {
 		const testLabel = <Label>views[0];
-		testLabel.bind({ sourceProperty: 'testProperty', targetProperty: 'text', expression: 'testProperty | converter()' });
+		testLabel.bind({
+			sourceProperty: 'testProperty',
+			targetProperty: 'text',
+			expression: 'testProperty | converter()',
+		});
 
 		const page = <Page>views[1];
 		page.bindingContext = pageViewModel;
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/ui/image/image-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/ui/image/image-tests.ts
index 6ac93c301..0ea34140c 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/ui/image/image-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/ui/image/image-tests.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import * as ViewModule from '@nativescript/core/ui/core/view';
 import * as helper from '../../ui-helper';
 import * as color from '@nativescript/core/color';
 import * as backgroundModule from '@nativescript/core/ui/styling/background';
-import { android as androidApp } from '@nativescript/core/application';
+import { Application } from '@nativescript/core';
 const imagePath = '~/assets/logo.png';
 
 export function test_recycling() {
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export function test_recycling() {
 }
 
 if (global.isAndroid) {
-	(<any>backgroundModule).initImageCache(androidApp.startActivity, (<any>backgroundModule).CacheMode.memory); // use memory cache only.
+	(<any>backgroundModule).initImageCache(Application.android.startActivity, (<any>backgroundModule).CacheMode.memory); // use memory cache only.
 }
 
 export const test_Image_Members = function () {
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/ui/list-picker/list-picker-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/ui/list-picker/list-picker-tests.ts
index a68564ebf..e1b1582e6 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/ui/list-picker/list-picker-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/ui/list-picker/list-picker-tests.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import * as TKUnit from '../../tk-unit';
 import * as helper from '../../ui-helper';
-import * as viewModule from '@nativescript/core/ui/core/view';
+import { View, Application } from '@nativescript/core';
 import * as listPickerTestsNative from './list-picker-tests-native';
-import * as application from '@nativescript/core/application';
 
 // >> article-require-listpicker-module
 import * as listPickerModule from '@nativescript/core/ui/list-picker';
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ export function test_recycling() {
 }
 
 export var testWhenlistPickerIsCreatedItemsAreUndefined = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		var expectedValue = undefined;
 		var actualValue = listPicker.items;
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ export var testWhenlistPickerIsCreatedItemsAreUndefined = function () {
 };
 
 export var testWhenlistPickerIsCreatedSelectedIndexIsUndefined = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		var expectedValue = -1;
 		var actualValue = listPicker.selectedIndex;
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ export var testWhenlistPickerIsCreatedSelectedIndexIsUndefined = function () {
 };
 
 export var testWhenSettingItemsToNonEmptyArrayTheSameAmountOfNativeItemsIsCreated = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = _createItems(10);
 		var expectedValue = listPicker.items.length;
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ export var testWhenSettingItemsToNonEmptyArrayTheSameAmountOfNativeItemsIsCreate
 };
 
 export var testWhenSettingItemsToEmptyArrayZeroNativeItemsAreCreated = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = [];
 		var expectedValue = listPicker.items.length;
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ export var testWhenSettingItemsToEmptyArrayZeroNativeItemsAreCreated = function
 };
 
 export var testSelectedIndexBecomesZeroWhenItemsBoundToNonEmptyArray = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		// >> article-binding-listpickeritems
 		listPicker.items = [1, 2, 3];
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ export var testSelectedIndexBecomesZeroWhenItemsBoundToNonEmptyArray = function
 };
 
 export var testSelectedIndexBecomesUndefinedWhenItemsBoundToEmptyArray = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = _createItems(10);
 		// >> article-selecting-item
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ export var testSelectedIndexBecomesUndefinedWhenItemsBoundToEmptyArray = functio
 };
 
 export var testSelectedIndexBecomesUndefinedWhenItemsBoundToUndefined = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = _createItems(10);
 		listPicker.selectedIndex = 9;
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@ export var testSelectedIndexBecomesUndefinedWhenItemsBoundToUndefined = function
 };
 
 export var testSelectedIndexBecomesUndefinedWhenItemsBoundToNull = function () {
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = _createItems(10);
 		listPicker.selectedIndex = 9;
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ export var testItemsIsResolvedCorrectlyIfSetBeforeViewIsLoaded = function () {
 	var expectedValue = 10;
 	listPicker.items = _createItems(expectedValue);
 	listPicker.selectedIndex = 9;
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		var actualValue = listPicker.items.length;
 		TKUnit.assert(actualValue === expectedValue, 'Actual: ' + actualValue + '; Expected: ' + expectedValue);
@@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ export var testSelectedIndexIsResolvedCorrectlyIfSetBeforeViewIsLoaded = functio
 	listPicker.items = _createItems(10);
 	var expectedValue = 9;
 	listPicker.selectedIndex = expectedValue;
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		var actualValue = listPicker.selectedIndex;
 		TKUnit.assert(actualValue === expectedValue, 'Actual: ' + actualValue + '; Expected: ' + expectedValue);
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ export var testSelectedIndexIsResolvedCorrectlyIfSetBeforeViewIsLoaded = functio
 
 // export var testSettingNegativeSelectedIndexShouldThrow = function () {
 //     var listPicker = _createListPicker();
-//     helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+//     helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<View>) {
 //         var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 //         listPicker.items = _createItems(10);
 
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@ export var testSelectedIndexIsResolvedCorrectlyIfSetBeforeViewIsLoaded = functio
 
 // export var testSettingSelectedIndexLargerThanCountShouldThrow = function () {
 //     var listPicker = _createListPicker();
-//     helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+//     helper.buildUIAndRunTest(listPicker, function (views: Array<View>) {
 //         var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 //         listPicker.items = _createItems(10);
 //         TKUnit.assertThrows(function () {
@@ -180,11 +179,11 @@ export var testWhenSelectingAnItemNativelySelectedIndexIsUpdatedProperly = funct
 };
 
 export var test_Android_MaxValueIsOneLessThanItemsCount = function () {
-	if (!application.android) {
+	if (!Application.android) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = ['One', 'Two', 'Three'];
 		var expectedValue = listPicker.items.length - 1;
@@ -194,11 +193,11 @@ export var test_Android_MaxValueIsOneLessThanItemsCount = function () {
 };
 
 export var test_Android_WhenItemsAreEmptyNativeControlDoesNotShowZero = function () {
-	if (!application.android) {
+	if (!Application.android) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		var expectedValue = ' ';
 		var actualValue = listPicker.nativeViewProtected.editText.getText().toString();
@@ -207,11 +206,11 @@ export var test_Android_WhenItemsAreEmptyNativeControlDoesNotShowZero = function
 };
 
 export var test_Android_WhenBoundToSingleElementArrayEditTextIsUpdatedProperly = function () {
-	if (!application.android) {
+	if (!Application.android) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = ['One'];
 		var expectedValue = 'One';
@@ -221,11 +220,11 @@ export var test_Android_WhenBoundToSingleElementArrayEditTextIsUpdatedProperly =
 };
 
 export var test_Android_WhenSelectedIndexChangesEditTextIsUpdatedProperly = function () {
-	if (!application.android) {
+	if (!Application.android) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<viewModule.View>) {
+	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createListPicker(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		var listPicker = <listPickerModule.ListPicker>views[0];
 		listPicker.items = ['One', 'Two'];
 		listPicker.selectedIndex = 1;
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/ui/root-view/reset-root-view-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/ui/root-view/reset-root-view-tests.ts
index 51b93ba2f..e25203dff 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/ui/root-view/reset-root-view-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/ui/root-view/reset-root-view-tests.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 import * as TKUnit from '../../tk-unit';
 import * as helper from '../../ui-helper';
-import { Page } from '@nativescript/core/ui/page';
-import { isAndroid } from '@nativescript/core/platform';
-import { Frame, NavigationEntry } from '@nativescript/core/ui/frame';
-import { _resetRootView, getRootView } from '@nativescript/core/application';
-import { TabView, TabViewItem } from '@nativescript/core/ui/tab-view';
+import { Page, isAndroid, Frame, NavigationEntry, Application, TabView, TabViewItem } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 function waitUntilTabViewReady(page: Page, action: Function) {
 	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(page, action);
@@ -57,18 +53,18 @@ function createTestTabRootEntry() {
 export function test_reset_frame_to_frame() {
 	const testFrameRoot1 = createTestFrameRootEntry();
 
-	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot1.page, () => _resetRootView(testFrameRoot1.entry));
+	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot1.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testFrameRoot1.entry));
 
-	const rootView1 = getRootView();
+	const rootView1 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack1 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView1, testFrameRoot1.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack1.length, 1);
 
 	const testFrameRoot2 = createTestFrameRootEntry();
 
-	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot2.page, () => _resetRootView(testFrameRoot2.entry));
+	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot2.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testFrameRoot2.entry));
 
-	const rootView2 = getRootView();
+	const rootView2 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack2 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView2, testFrameRoot2.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack2.length, 1);
@@ -77,18 +73,18 @@ export function test_reset_frame_to_frame() {
 export function test_reset_frame_to_tab() {
 	const testFrameRoot = createTestFrameRootEntry();
 
-	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot.page, () => _resetRootView(testFrameRoot.entry));
+	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testFrameRoot.entry));
 
-	const rootView1 = getRootView();
+	const rootView1 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack1 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView1, testFrameRoot.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack1.length, 1);
 
 	const testTabRoot = createTestTabRootEntry();
 
-	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot.page, () => _resetRootView(testTabRoot.entry));
+	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testTabRoot.entry));
 
-	const rootView2 = getRootView();
+	const rootView2 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack2 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView2, testTabRoot.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack2.length, 2);
@@ -97,18 +93,18 @@ export function test_reset_frame_to_tab() {
 export function test_reset_tab_to_frame() {
 	const testTabRoot = createTestTabRootEntry();
 
-	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot.page, () => _resetRootView(testTabRoot.entry));
+	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testTabRoot.entry));
 
-	const rootView2 = getRootView();
+	const rootView2 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack2 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView2, testTabRoot.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack2.length, 2);
 
 	const testFrameRoot = createTestFrameRootEntry();
 
-	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot.page, () => _resetRootView(testFrameRoot.entry));
+	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testFrameRoot.entry));
 
-	const rootView1 = getRootView();
+	const rootView1 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack1 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView1, testFrameRoot.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack1.length, 1);
@@ -117,18 +113,18 @@ export function test_reset_tab_to_frame() {
 export function test_reset_tab_to_tab() {
 	const testTabRoot1 = createTestTabRootEntry();
 
-	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot1.page, () => _resetRootView(testTabRoot1.entry));
+	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot1.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testTabRoot1.entry));
 
-	const rootView1 = getRootView();
+	const rootView1 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack1 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView1, testTabRoot1.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack1.length, 2);
 
 	const testTabRoot2 = createTestTabRootEntry();
 
-	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot2.page, () => _resetRootView(testTabRoot2.entry));
+	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot2.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testTabRoot2.entry));
 
-	const rootView2 = getRootView();
+	const rootView2 = Application.getRootView();
 	const frameStack2 = Frame._stack();
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(rootView2, testTabRoot2.root);
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(frameStack2.length, 2);
@@ -137,13 +133,13 @@ export function test_reset_tab_to_tab() {
 export function test_reset_during_tab_index_change() {
 	const testTabRoot = createTestTabRootEntry();
 
-	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot.page, () => _resetRootView(testTabRoot.entry));
+	waitUntilTabViewReady(testTabRoot.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testTabRoot.entry));
 
 	testTabRoot.root.selectedIndex = 1;
 
 	const testFrameRoot = createTestFrameRootEntry();
 
-	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot.page, () => _resetRootView(testFrameRoot.entry));
+	helper.waitUntilNavigatedTo(testFrameRoot.page, () => Application.resetRootView(testFrameRoot.entry));
 
 	TKUnit.assertTrue(true);
 }
@@ -152,6 +148,6 @@ export function tearDownModule() {
 	// reset the root to frame for other tests
 	const resetFrameRoot = createTestFrameRootEntry();
 
-	_resetRootView(resetFrameRoot.entry);
+	Application.resetRootView(resetFrameRoot.entry);
 	TKUnit.waitUntilReady(() => resetFrameRoot.page.isLoaded);
 }
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/ui/tab-view/tab-view-root-tests.ts b/apps/automated/src/ui/tab-view/tab-view-root-tests.ts
index b7d4ef7fe..7ff602afb 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/ui/tab-view/tab-view-root-tests.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/ui/tab-view/tab-view-root-tests.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 import * as TKUnit from '../../tk-unit';
-import { isAndroid } from '@nativescript/core/platform';
-import { _resetRootView } from '@nativescript/core/application/';
-import { Frame, NavigationEntry } from '@nativescript/core/ui/frame';
-import { Page } from '@nativescript/core/ui/page';
-import { TabView, TabViewItem } from '@nativescript/core/ui/tab-view';
+import { Application, Frame, NavigationEntry, Page, TabView, TabViewItem, isAndroid } from '@nativescript/core';
 
 function waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout(pages: Page[], action: Function) {
 	const maxTimeout = 8;
@@ -80,7 +76,7 @@ export function test_frame_topmost_matches_selectedIndex() {
 		create: () => tabView,
 	};
 
-	waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([items[0].page], () => _resetRootView(entry));
+	waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([items[0].page], () => Application.resetRootView(entry));
 	TKUnit.assertEqual(Frame.topmost().id, 'Tab0 Frame0');
 
 	waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([items[1].page], () => (tabView.selectedIndex = 1));
@@ -130,7 +126,7 @@ export function test_offset_zero_should_raise_same_events() {
 		create: () => tabView,
 	};
 
-	waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([items[0].page], () => _resetRootView(entry));
+	waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([items[0].page], () => Application.resetRootView(entry));
 
 	const expectedEventsRaisedAfterTabCreated = [['Tab0 Frame0 loaded', 'Tab0 Frame0 Page0 navigatingTo', 'Tab0 Frame0 Page0 loaded', 'Tab0 Frame0 Page0 navigatedTo'], [], []];
 
@@ -191,7 +187,7 @@ export function test_android_default_offset_should_preload_1_tab_on_each_side()
 			create: () => tabView,
 		};
 
-		waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([items[0].page, items[1].page], () => _resetRootView(entry));
+		waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([items[0].page, items[1].page], () => Application.resetRootView(entry));
 
 		const expectedEventsRaisedAfterTabCreated = [['Tab0 Frame0 loaded', 'Tab0 Frame0 Page0 navigatingTo', 'Tab0 Frame0 Page0 loaded', 'Tab0 Frame0 Page0 navigatedTo'], ['Tab1 Frame1 loaded', 'Tab1 Frame1 Page1 navigatingTo', 'Tab1 Frame1 Page1 loaded', 'Tab1 Frame1 Page1 navigatedTo'], []];
 
@@ -223,5 +219,5 @@ export function tearDownModule() {
 		create: () => frame,
 	};
 
-	waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([page], () => _resetRootView(entry));
+	waitUntilNavigatedToMaxTimeout([page], () => Application.resetRootView(entry));
 }
diff --git a/apps/automated/src/ui/view/view-tests-common.ts b/apps/automated/src/ui/view/view-tests-common.ts
index 48fdebbde..efb2af430 100644
--- a/apps/automated/src/ui/view/view-tests-common.ts
+++ b/apps/automated/src/ui/view/view-tests-common.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import * as TKUnit from '../../tk-unit';
 import { View, eachDescendant, getViewById, InheritedProperty, CssProperty, CssAnimationProperty, ShorthandProperty, Property, Style, Frame, Page, Button, Label, Color, StackLayout, AbsoluteLayout, Observable, Utils, BindingOptions, isAndroid, LayoutBase } from '@nativescript/core';
 import * as helper from '../../ui-helper';
-import * as definition from './view-tests';
+import { checkNativeBackgroundColor, checkNativeBackgroundImage } from './view-tests';
 
 export function test_eachDescendant() {
 	const test = function (views: Array<View>) {
@@ -237,8 +237,14 @@ export function test_InheritableStylePropertiesWhenUsedWithExtendedClass_AreInhe
 }
 
 // TestView definition START
-const customCssProperty = new CssProperty<Style, string>({ name: 'customCssProperty', cssName: 'custom-css-property' });
-const customCssAnimationProperty = new CssAnimationProperty<Style, string>({ name: 'customCssAnimationProperty', cssName: 'custom-css-animation-property' });
+const customCssProperty = new CssProperty<Style, string>({
+	name: 'customCssProperty',
+	cssName: 'custom-css-property',
+});
+const customCssAnimationProperty = new CssAnimationProperty<Style, string>({
+	name: 'customCssAnimationProperty',
+	cssName: 'custom-css-animation-property',
+});
 const customViewProperty = new Property<TestView, string>({ name: 'custom' });
 
 const customCssAProperty = new CssProperty<Style, string>({
@@ -380,14 +386,23 @@ customCssAnimationProperty.register(Style);
 customViewProperty.register(TestView);
 
 const inheritanceTestDefaultValue = 42;
-const inheritanceTestProperty = new InheritedProperty<TestView, number>({ name: 'inheritanceTest', defaultValue: inheritanceTestDefaultValue });
+const inheritanceTestProperty = new InheritedProperty<TestView, number>({
+	name: 'inheritanceTest',
+	defaultValue: inheritanceTestDefaultValue,
+});
 inheritanceTestProperty.register(TestView);
 
 const booleanInheritanceTestDefaultValue = true;
-const booleanInheritanceTestProperty = new InheritedProperty<TestView, boolean>({ name: 'booleanInheritanceTest', defaultValue: booleanInheritanceTestDefaultValue });
+const booleanInheritanceTestProperty = new InheritedProperty<TestView, boolean>({
+	name: 'booleanInheritanceTest',
+	defaultValue: booleanInheritanceTestDefaultValue,
+});
 booleanInheritanceTestProperty.register(TestView);
 
-const dummyProperty = new InheritedProperty<TestView, number>({ name: 'dummy', defaultValue: 0 });
+const dummyProperty = new InheritedProperty<TestView, number>({
+	name: 'dummy',
+	defaultValue: 0,
+});
 dummyProperty.register(TestView);
 
 /////// TestView definition END
@@ -941,7 +956,7 @@ export function testBackgroundColor() {
 	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createLabelWithBorder(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		const lbl = views[0];
 		helper.waitUntilLayoutReady(lbl);
-		TKUnit.assertEqual(definition.checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
+		TKUnit.assertEqual(checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
 	});
 }
 
@@ -949,16 +964,16 @@ export function testBackgroundBorderColor() {
 	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createLabelWithBorder(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		const lbl = views[0];
 		helper.waitUntilLayoutReady(lbl);
-		TKUnit.assertEqual(definition.checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
+		TKUnit.assertEqual(checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
 	});
 }
 export function testSetAndRemoveBackgroundColor() {
 	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(_createBackgroundColorView(), function (views: Array<View>) {
 		const lbl = views[0];
 		helper.waitUntilLayoutReady(lbl);
-		TKUnit.assertEqual(definition.checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
+		TKUnit.assertEqual(checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
 		lbl.backgroundColor = null;
-		TKUnit.assertEqual(definition.checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
+		TKUnit.assertEqual(checkNativeBackgroundColor(lbl), true, 'BackgroundColor not applied correctly!');
 	});
 }
 
@@ -968,7 +983,7 @@ export function testBackgroundImage() {
 	helper.buildUIAndRunTest(lbl, function (views: Array<View>) {
 		const page = <Page>views[1];
 		page.css = ".myClass { background-image: url('~/assets/logo.png') }";
-		TKUnit.assertEqual(definition.checkNativeBackgroundImage(lbl), true, 'Style background-image not loaded correctly.');
+		TKUnit.assertEqual(checkNativeBackgroundImage(lbl), true, 'Style background-image not loaded correctly.');
 	});
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/automated/webpack.config.js b/apps/automated/webpack.config.js
index 389f19d63..6acb80f64 100644
--- a/apps/automated/webpack.config.js
+++ b/apps/automated/webpack.config.js
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 const webpack = require("@nativescript/webpack");
 
+const CircularDependencyPlugin = require('circular-dependency-plugin');
+
 module.exports = (env) => {
 	webpack.init(env);
 
@@ -10,9 +12,25 @@ module.exports = (env) => {
 			Object.assign(args[0], {
 				__CI__: !!process.env.CI,
 			})
-	  
+
 			return args
 		  })
+
+			config.plugin('CircularDependencyPlugin').use(CircularDependencyPlugin, [
+				{
+					// exclude detection of files based on a RegExp
+					// exclude: /a\.js|node_modules/,
+					// include specific files based on a RegExp
+					// include: /application/,
+					// add errors to webpack instead of warnings
+					// failOnError: true,
+					// allow import cycles that include an asyncronous import,
+					// e.g. via import(/* webpackMode: "weak" */ './file.js')
+					// allowAsyncCycles: false,
+					// set the current working directory for displaying module paths
+					// cwd: process.cwd(),
+				}
+			])
 	})
 
 	return webpack.resolveConfig();
diff --git a/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-css-helper.ts b/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-css-helper.ts
index 78e162d06..ec1790614 100644
--- a/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-css-helper.ts
+++ b/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-css-helper.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import { applyCssClass, getRootView } from '../application';
-import * as Application from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import type { View } from '../ui/core/view';
 import { AccessibilityServiceEnabledObservable } from './accessibility-service';
 import { FontScaleCategory, getCurrentFontScale, getFontScaleCategory, VALID_FONT_SCALES } from './font-scale';
@@ -33,19 +32,19 @@ function ensureClasses() {
 }
 
 function applyRootCssClass(cssClasses: string[], newCssClass: string): void {
-	const rootView = getRootView();
+	const rootView = Application.getRootView();
 	if (!rootView) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	applyCssClass(rootView, cssClasses, newCssClass);
+	Application.applyCssClass(rootView, cssClasses, newCssClass);
 
 	const rootModalViews = <Array<View>>rootView._getRootModalViews();
-	rootModalViews.forEach((rootModalView) => applyCssClass(rootModalView, cssClasses, newCssClass));
+	rootModalViews.forEach((rootModalView) => Application.applyCssClass(rootModalView, cssClasses, newCssClass));
 }
 
 function applyFontScaleToRootViews(): void {
-	const rootView = getRootView();
+	const rootView = Application.getRootView();
 	if (!rootView) {
 		return;
 	}
diff --git a/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.android.ts b/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.android.ts
index b8c166d80..757963c35 100644
--- a/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.android.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Application from '../application';
+import { Application, ApplicationEventData } from '../application';
 import { Observable } from '../data/observable';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
 import * as Utils from '../utils';
@@ -90,6 +90,33 @@ function ensureStateListener(): SharedA11YObservable {
 	updateAccessibilityState();
 
 	Application.on(Application.resumeEvent, updateAccessibilityState);
+	Application.on(Application.exitEvent, (args: ApplicationEventData) => {
+		const activity = args.android as android.app.Activity;
+		if (activity && !activity.isFinishing()) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		const accessibilityManager = getAndroidAccessibilityManager();
+		if (accessibilityManager) {
+			if (accessibilityStateChangeListener) {
+				accessibilityManager.removeAccessibilityStateChangeListener(accessibilityStateChangeListener);
+			}
+
+			if (touchExplorationStateChangeListener) {
+				accessibilityManager.removeTouchExplorationStateChangeListener(touchExplorationStateChangeListener);
+			}
+		}
+
+		accessibilityStateChangeListener = null;
+		touchExplorationStateChangeListener = null;
+
+		if (sharedA11YObservable) {
+			sharedA11YObservable.removeEventListener(Observable.propertyChangeEvent);
+			sharedA11YObservable = null;
+		}
+
+		Application.off(Application.resumeEvent, updateAccessibilityState);
+	});
 
 	return sharedA11YObservable;
 }
@@ -98,34 +125,6 @@ export function isAccessibilityServiceEnabled(): boolean {
 	return ensureStateListener().accessibilityServiceEnabled;
 }
 
-Application.on(Application.exitEvent, (args: Application.ApplicationEventData) => {
-	const activity = args.android as android.app.Activity;
-	if (activity && !activity.isFinishing()) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const accessibilityManager = getAndroidAccessibilityManager();
-	if (accessibilityManager) {
-		if (accessibilityStateChangeListener) {
-			accessibilityManager.removeAccessibilityStateChangeListener(accessibilityStateChangeListener);
-		}
-
-		if (touchExplorationStateChangeListener) {
-			accessibilityManager.removeTouchExplorationStateChangeListener(touchExplorationStateChangeListener);
-		}
-	}
-
-	accessibilityStateChangeListener = null;
-	touchExplorationStateChangeListener = null;
-
-	if (sharedA11YObservable) {
-		sharedA11YObservable.removeEventListener(Observable.propertyChangeEvent);
-		sharedA11YObservable = null;
-	}
-
-	Application.off(Application.resumeEvent, updateAccessibilityState);
-});
-
 export class AccessibilityServiceEnabledObservable extends CommonA11YServiceEnabledObservable {
 	constructor() {
 		super(ensureStateListener());
diff --git a/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.ios.ts b/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.ios.ts
index 9bd936c60..116986a49 100644
--- a/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/accessibility/accessibility-service.ios.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Application from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import { Observable } from '../data/observable';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
 import { AccessibilityServiceEnabledPropName, CommonA11YServiceEnabledObservable, SharedA11YObservable } from './accessibility-service-common';
diff --git a/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.android.ts b/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.android.ts
index efe18c172..46469b305 100644
--- a/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.android.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import type { ApplicationEventData } from '../application';
-import * as Application from '../application';
+import { Application, ApplicationEventData } from '../application';
 import { FontScaleCategory, getClosestValidFontScale } from './font-scale-common';
 export * from './font-scale-common';
 
diff --git a/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.ios.ts b/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.ios.ts
index 5de596810..054366b61 100644
--- a/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/accessibility/font-scale.ios.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Application from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import { FontScaleCategory, getClosestValidFontScale } from './font-scale-common';
 export * from './font-scale-common';
 
diff --git a/packages/core/accessibility/index.android.ts b/packages/core/accessibility/index.android.ts
index e38dc491e..4879888d5 100644
--- a/packages/core/accessibility/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/accessibility/index.android.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Application from '../application';
+import { Application, ApplicationEventData } from '../application';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
 import { SDK_VERSION } from '../utils/constants';
 import type { View } from '../ui/core/view';
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ export function isAccessibilityServiceEnabled(): boolean {
 
 	updateAccessibilityServiceState();
 
-	Application.on(Application.exitEvent, (args: Application.ApplicationEventData) => {
+	Application.on(Application.exitEvent, (args: ApplicationEventData) => {
 		const activity = args.android as android.app.Activity;
 		if (activity && !activity.isFinishing()) {
 			return;
diff --git a/packages/core/accessibility/index.ios.ts b/packages/core/accessibility/index.ios.ts
index 53f8d90aa..8e8c8c3d6 100644
--- a/packages/core/accessibility/index.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/accessibility/index.ios.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import * as Application from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import type { ViewBase } from '../ui/core/view-base';
 import type { View } from '../ui/core/view';
 import { notifyAccessibilityFocusState } from './accessibility-common';
diff --git a/packages/core/application-settings/index.android.ts b/packages/core/application-settings/index.android.ts
index 15dbc05a0..0f13322fa 100644
--- a/packages/core/application-settings/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/application-settings/index.android.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import * as common from './application-settings-common';
-import { getNativeApplication } from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 
 let sharedPreferences: android.content.SharedPreferences;
 function ensureSharedPreferences() {
 	if (!sharedPreferences) {
-		sharedPreferences = (<android.app.Application>getNativeApplication()).getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences('prefs.db', 0);
+		sharedPreferences = Application.android.getNativeApplication().getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences('prefs.db', 0);
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/core/application/Readme.md b/packages/core/application/Readme.md
deleted file mode 100644
index bd8d14e34..000000000
--- a/packages/core/application/Readme.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Contains the application abstraction with all related methods.
diff --git a/packages/core/application/application-common.ts b/packages/core/application/application-common.ts
index 7e33a5aad..e57ab8b22 100644
--- a/packages/core/application/application-common.ts
+++ b/packages/core/application/application-common.ts
@@ -1,199 +1,580 @@
-// Require globals first so that snapshot takes __extends function.
-import '../globals';
-
-// Types
-import type * as IApplication from '.';
-import { AndroidApplication, iOSApplication } from '.';
-import { CssChangedEventData, DiscardedErrorEventData, LoadAppCSSEventData, UnhandledErrorEventData } from './application-interfaces';
-import { View } from '../ui/core/view';
-
-// Requires
-import * as bindableResources from '../ui/core/bindable/bindable-resources';
-import { CSSUtils } from '../css/system-classes';
+import { initAccessibilityCssHelper } from '../accessibility/accessibility-css-helper';
+import { initAccessibilityFontScale } from '../accessibility/font-scale';
 import { CoreTypes } from '../core-types';
+import { CSSUtils } from '../css/system-classes';
+import { Device } from '../platform';
+import { profile } from '../profiling';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
+import { Builder } from '../ui/builder';
+import * as bindableResources from '../ui/core/bindable/bindable-resources';
+import type { View } from '../ui/core/view';
+import type { Frame } from '../ui/frame';
+import type { NavigationEntry } from '../ui/frame/frame-interfaces';
+import type { StyleScope } from '../ui/styling/style-scope';
+import type { AndroidApplication as IAndroidApplication, iOSApplication as IiOSApplication } from './';
+import type { ApplicationEventData, CssChangedEventData, DiscardedErrorEventData, FontScaleChangedEventData, LaunchEventData, LoadAppCSSEventData, NativeScriptError, OrientationChangedEventData, SystemAppearanceChangedEventData, UnhandledErrorEventData } from './application-interfaces';
 
-export * from './application-interfaces';
+// prettier-ignore
+const ORIENTATION_CSS_CLASSES = [
+	`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.DeviceOrientation.portrait}`,
+	`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.DeviceOrientation.landscape}`,
+	`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.DeviceOrientation.unknown}`,
+];
 
-export function hasLaunched(): boolean {
-	return global.NativeScriptGlobals && global.NativeScriptGlobals.launched;
+// prettier-ignore
+const SYSTEM_APPEARANCE_CSS_CLASSES = [
+	`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.SystemAppearance.light}`,
+	`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.SystemAppearance.dark}`,
+];
+
+const globalEvents = global.NativeScriptGlobals.events;
+
+// helper interface to correctly type Application event handlers
+interface ApplicationEvents {
+	off(eventNames: string, callback?: any, thisArg?: any): void;
+	notify<T = ApplicationEventData>(eventData: T): void;
+	hasListeners(eventName: string): boolean;
+
+	on(eventNames: string, callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when application css is changed.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'cssChanged', callback: (args: CssChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * Event raised then livesync operation is performed.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'livesync', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when application css is changed.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'cssChanged', callback: (args: CssChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised on application launchEvent.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'launch', callback: (args: LaunchEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised after the application has performed most of its startup actions.
+	 * Its intent is to be suitable for measuring app startup times.
+	 * @experimental
+	 */
+	on(event: 'displayed', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when the Application is suspended.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'suspend', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when the Application is resumed after it has been suspended.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'resume', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when the Application is about to exit.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'exit', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when there is low memory on the target device.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'lowMemory', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when an uncaught error occurs while the application is running.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'uncaughtError', callback: (args: UnhandledErrorEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when an discarded error occurs while the application is running.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'discardedError', callback: (args: DiscardedErrorEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when the orientation of the application changes.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'orientationChanged', callback: (args: OrientationChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * This event is raised when the operating system appearance changes
+	 * between light and dark theme (for Android);
+	 * between light and dark mode (for iOS) and vice versa.
+	 */
+	on(event: 'systemAppearanceChanged', callback: (args: SystemAppearanceChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+
+	on(event: 'fontScaleChanged', callback: (args: FontScaleChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
 }
 
-export const launchEvent = 'launch';
-export const suspendEvent = 'suspend';
-export const displayedEvent = 'displayed';
-export const backgroundEvent = 'background';
-export const foregroundEvent = 'foreground';
-export const resumeEvent = 'resume';
-export const exitEvent = 'exit';
-export const lowMemoryEvent = 'lowMemory';
-export const uncaughtErrorEvent = 'uncaughtError';
-export const discardedErrorEvent = 'discardedError';
-export const orientationChangedEvent = 'orientationChanged';
-export const systemAppearanceChangedEvent = 'systemAppearanceChanged';
-export const fontScaleChangedEvent = 'fontScaleChanged';
+export class ApplicationCommon {
+	readonly launchEvent = 'launch';
+	readonly suspendEvent = 'suspend';
+	readonly displayedEvent = 'displayed';
+	readonly backgroundEvent = 'background';
+	readonly foregroundEvent = 'foreground';
+	readonly resumeEvent = 'resume';
+	readonly exitEvent = 'exit';
+	readonly lowMemoryEvent = 'lowMemory';
+	readonly uncaughtErrorEvent = 'uncaughtError';
+	readonly discardedErrorEvent = 'discardedError';
+	readonly orientationChangedEvent = 'orientationChanged';
+	readonly systemAppearanceChangedEvent = 'systemAppearanceChanged';
+	readonly fontScaleChangedEvent = 'fontScaleChanged';
+	readonly livesyncEvent = 'livesync';
+	readonly loadAppCssEvent = 'loadAppCss';
+	readonly cssChangedEvent = 'cssChanged';
 
-const ORIENTATION_CSS_CLASSES = [`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.DeviceOrientation.portrait}`, `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.DeviceOrientation.landscape}`, `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.DeviceOrientation.unknown}`];
+	// Application events go through the global events.
+	on: ApplicationEvents['on'] = globalEvents.on.bind(globalEvents);
+	off: ApplicationEvents['off'] = globalEvents.off.bind(globalEvents);
+	notify: ApplicationEvents['notify'] = globalEvents.notify.bind(globalEvents);
+	hasListeners: ApplicationEvents['hasListeners'] = globalEvents.hasListeners.bind(globalEvents);
 
-const SYSTEM_APPEARANCE_CSS_CLASSES = [`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.SystemAppearance.light}`, `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${CoreTypes.SystemAppearance.dark}`];
+	/**
+	 * @internal - should not be constructed by the user.
+	 */
+	constructor() {
+		global.NativeScriptGlobals.appInstanceReady = true;
 
-let cssFile = './app.css';
+		global.__onUncaughtError = (error: NativeScriptError) => {
+			this.notify({
+				eventName: this.uncaughtErrorEvent,
+				object: this,
+				android: error,
+				ios: error,
+				error: error,
+			} as DiscardedErrorEventData);
+		};
 
-export function getResources() {
-	return bindableResources.get();
-}
+		global.__onDiscardedError = (error: NativeScriptError) => {
+			this.notify({
+				eventName: this.discardedErrorEvent,
+				object: this,
+				error: error,
+			} as DiscardedErrorEventData);
+		};
 
-export function setResources(res: any) {
-	bindableResources.set(res);
-}
+		global.__onLiveSync = (context?: ModuleContext) => {
+			if (this.suspended) {
+				return;
+			}
 
-export const android: AndroidApplication = undefined;
-export const ios: iOSApplication = undefined;
-
-export const on = global.NativeScriptGlobals.events.on.bind(global.NativeScriptGlobals.events) as typeof IApplication.on;
-export const off = global.NativeScriptGlobals.events.off.bind(global.NativeScriptGlobals.events) as typeof IApplication.off;
-export const notify = global.NativeScriptGlobals.events.notify.bind(global.NativeScriptGlobals.events) as typeof IApplication.notify;
-export const hasListeners = global.NativeScriptGlobals.events.hasListeners.bind(global.NativeScriptGlobals.events) as typeof IApplication.hasListeners;
-
-let app: iOSApplication | AndroidApplication;
-export function setApplication(instance: iOSApplication | AndroidApplication): void {
-	app = instance;
-	// signal when the application instance is ready globally
-	global.NativeScriptGlobals.appInstanceReady = true;
-}
-
-export function livesync(rootView: View, context?: ModuleContext) {
-	notify({ eventName: 'livesync', object: app });
-	const liveSyncCore = global.__onLiveSyncCore;
-	let reapplyAppStyles = false;
-
-	// ModuleContext is available only for Hot Module Replacement
-	if (context && context.path) {
-		const styleExtensions = ['css', 'scss'];
-		const appStylesFullFileName = getCssFileName();
-		const appStylesFileName = appStylesFullFileName.substring(0, appStylesFullFileName.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
-		reapplyAppStyles = styleExtensions.some((ext) => context.path === appStylesFileName.concat(ext));
+			const rootView = this.getRootView();
+			this.livesync(rootView, context);
+		};
 	}
 
-	// Handle application styles
-	if (rootView && reapplyAppStyles) {
-		rootView._onCssStateChange();
-	} else if (liveSyncCore) {
-		liveSyncCore(context);
-	}
-}
+	/**
+	 * @internal
+	 */
+	livesync(rootView: View, context?: ModuleContext) {
+		this.notify({ eventName: this.livesyncEvent, object: this });
+		const liveSyncCore = global.__onLiveSyncCore;
+		let reapplyAppStyles = false;
 
-export function setCssFileName(cssFileName: string) {
-	cssFile = cssFileName;
-	notify(<CssChangedEventData>{
-		eventName: 'cssChanged',
-		object: app,
-		cssFile: cssFileName,
-	});
-}
+		// ModuleContext is available only for Hot Module Replacement
+		if (context && context.path) {
+			const styleExtensions = ['css', 'scss'];
+			const appStylesFullFileName = this.getCssFileName();
+			const appStylesFileName = appStylesFullFileName.substring(0, appStylesFullFileName.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
+			reapplyAppStyles = styleExtensions.some((ext) => context.path === appStylesFileName.concat(ext));
+		}
 
-export function getCssFileName(): string {
-	return cssFile;
-}
-
-export function loadAppCss(): void {
-	try {
-		notify(<LoadAppCSSEventData>{
-			eventName: 'loadAppCss',
-			object: app,
-			cssFile: getCssFileName(),
-		});
-	} catch (e) {
-		if (Trace.isEnabled()) {
-			Trace.write(`The app CSS file ${getCssFileName()} couldn't be loaded!`, Trace.categories.Style, Trace.messageType.warn);
+		// Handle application styles
+		if (rootView && reapplyAppStyles) {
+			rootView._onCssStateChange();
+		} else if (liveSyncCore) {
+			liveSyncCore(context);
 		}
 	}
-}
 
-function addCssClass(rootView: View, cssClass: string) {
-	CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(cssClass);
-	rootView.cssClasses.add(cssClass);
-}
+	/**
+	 * Applies the the `newCssClass` to the `rootView` and removes all other css classes from `cssClasses`
+	 * previously applied to the `rootView`.
+	 * @param rootView
+	 * @param cssClasses
+	 * @param newCssClass
+	 */
+	applyCssClass(rootView: View, cssClasses: string[], newCssClass: string): void {
+		if (!rootView.cssClasses.has(newCssClass)) {
+			cssClasses.forEach((cssClass) => this.removeCssClass(rootView, cssClass));
+			this.addCssClass(rootView, newCssClass);
+			this.increaseStyleScopeApplicationCssSelectorVersion(rootView);
+			rootView._onCssStateChange();
 
-function removeCssClass(rootView: View, cssClass: string) {
-	CSSUtils.removeSystemCssClass(cssClass);
-	rootView.cssClasses.delete(cssClass);
-}
-
-function increaseStyleScopeApplicationCssSelectorVersion(rootView: View) {
-	const styleScope = rootView._styleScope || ((<any>rootView).currentPage && (<any>rootView).currentPage._styleScope);
-
-	if (styleScope) {
-		styleScope._increaseApplicationCssSelectorVersion();
-	}
-}
-
-export function applyCssClass(rootView: View, cssClasses: string[], newCssClass: string): void {
-	if (!rootView.cssClasses.has(newCssClass)) {
-		cssClasses.forEach((cssClass) => removeCssClass(rootView, cssClass));
-		addCssClass(rootView, newCssClass);
-		increaseStyleScopeApplicationCssSelectorVersion(rootView);
-		rootView._onCssStateChange();
-	}
-}
-
-export function orientationChanged(rootView: View, newOrientation: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown'): void {
-	if (!rootView) {
-		return;
+			if (Trace.isEnabled()) {
+				const rootCssClasses = Array.from(rootView.cssClasses);
+				Trace.write(`Applying root css class: ${newCssClass}. rootView css classes: ${rootCssClasses.join(' ')}`, Trace.categories.Style);
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
-	const newOrientationCssClass = `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${newOrientation}`;
-	applyCssClass(rootView, ORIENTATION_CSS_CLASSES, newOrientationCssClass);
-
-	const rootModalViews = <Array<View>>rootView._getRootModalViews();
-	rootModalViews.forEach((rootModalView) => {
-		applyCssClass(rootModalView, ORIENTATION_CSS_CLASSES, newOrientationCssClass);
-	});
-}
-export let autoSystemAppearanceChanged = true;
-
-export function setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged(value: boolean): void {
-	autoSystemAppearanceChanged = value;
-}
-
-export function systemAppearanceChanged(rootView: View, newSystemAppearance: 'dark' | 'light'): void {
-	if (!rootView || !autoSystemAppearanceChanged) {
-		return;
+	private addCssClass(rootView: View, cssClass: string) {
+		CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(cssClass);
+		rootView.cssClasses.add(cssClass);
 	}
 
-	const newSystemAppearanceCssClass = `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${newSystemAppearance}`;
-	applyCssClass(rootView, SYSTEM_APPEARANCE_CSS_CLASSES, newSystemAppearanceCssClass);
+	private removeCssClass(rootView: View, cssClass: string) {
+		CSSUtils.removeSystemCssClass(cssClass);
+		rootView.cssClasses.delete(cssClass);
+	}
 
-	const rootModalViews = <Array<View>>rootView._getRootModalViews();
-	rootModalViews.forEach((rootModalView) => {
-		applyCssClass(rootModalView, SYSTEM_APPEARANCE_CSS_CLASSES, newSystemAppearanceCssClass);
-	});
+	private increaseStyleScopeApplicationCssSelectorVersion(rootView: View) {
+		const styleScope: StyleScope = rootView._styleScope ?? (rootView as Frame)?.currentPage?._styleScope;
+
+		if (styleScope) {
+			styleScope._increaseApplicationCssSelectorVersion();
+		}
+	}
+
+	private setRootViewCSSClasses(rootView: View): void {
+		const platform = Device.os.toLowerCase();
+		const deviceType = Device.deviceType.toLowerCase();
+
+		if (platform) {
+			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${platform}`);
+		}
+
+		if (deviceType) {
+			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${deviceType}`);
+		}
+
+		if (this.orientation) {
+			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${this.orientation}`);
+		}
+
+		if (this.systemAppearance) {
+			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${this.systemAppearance}`);
+		}
+
+		rootView.cssClasses.add(CSSUtils.ROOT_VIEW_CSS_CLASS);
+		const rootViewCssClasses = CSSUtils.getSystemCssClasses();
+		rootViewCssClasses.forEach((c) => rootView.cssClasses.add(c));
+
+		if (Trace.isEnabled()) {
+			const rootCssClasses = Array.from(rootView.cssClasses);
+			Trace.write(`Setting root css classes: ${rootCssClasses.join(' ')}`, Trace.categories.Style);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * iOS Only
+	 * Dynamically change the preferred frame rate
+	 * For devices (iOS 15+) which support min/max/preferred frame rate you can specify ranges
+	 * For devices (iOS < 15), you can specify the max frame rate
+	 * see: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/quartzcore/optimizing_promotion_refresh_rates_for_iphone_13_pro_and_ipad_pro
+	 * To use, ensure your Info.plist has:
+	 * ```xml
+	 *   <key>CADisableMinimumFrameDurationOnPhone</key>
+	 *   <true/>
+	 * ```
+	 * @param options { min?: number; max?: number; preferred?: number }
+	 */
+	setMaxRefreshRate(options?: { min?: number; max?: number; preferred?: number }) {
+		// implement in platform specific files (iOS only for now)
+	}
+
+	protected mainEntry: NavigationEntry;
+
+	/**
+	 * @returns The main entry of the application
+	 */
+	getMainEntry() {
+		return this.mainEntry;
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	protected notifyLaunch(additionalLanchEventData?: any): View | null {
+		const launchArgs: LaunchEventData = {
+			eventName: this.launchEvent,
+			object: this,
+			ios: this.ios,
+			android: this.android,
+			...additionalLanchEventData,
+		};
+		this.notify(launchArgs);
+		this.loadAppCss();
+
+		return launchArgs.root;
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	createRootView(view?: View, fireLaunchEvent = false, additionalLanchEventData?: any) {
+		let rootView = view;
+
+		if (!rootView) {
+			if (fireLaunchEvent) {
+				rootView = this.notifyLaunch(additionalLanchEventData);
+
+				// useful for integrations that would like to set rootView asynchronously after app launch
+				if (rootView === null) {
+					return null;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (!rootView) {
+				// try to navigate to the mainEntry (if specified)
+				if (!this.mainEntry) {
+					throw new Error('Main entry is missing. App cannot be started. Verify app bootstrap.');
+				}
+
+				rootView = Builder.createViewFromEntry(this.mainEntry);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return rootView;
+	}
+
+	getRootView(): View {
+		throw new Error('getRootView() Not implemented.');
+	}
+
+	resetRootView(entry?: NavigationEntry | string) {
+		this.mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
+		// rest of implementation is platform specific
+	}
+
+	initRootView() {
+		this.setRootViewCSSClasses(this.getRootView());
+		initAccessibilityCssHelper();
+		initAccessibilityFontScale();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Get application level static resources.
+	 */
+	getResources() {
+		return bindableResources.get();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Set application level static resources.
+	 */
+	setResources(res: any) {
+		bindableResources.set(res);
+	}
+
+	private cssFile = './app.css';
+	/**
+	 * Sets css file name for the application.
+	 */
+	setCssFileName(cssFileName: string) {
+		this.cssFile = cssFileName;
+		this.notify(<CssChangedEventData>{
+			eventName: this.cssChangedEvent,
+			object: this,
+			cssFile: cssFileName,
+		});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets css file name for the application.
+	 */
+	getCssFileName(): string {
+		return this.cssFile;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Loads immediately the app.css.
+	 * By default the app.css file is loaded shortly after "loaded".
+	 * For the Android snapshot the CSS can be parsed during the snapshot generation,
+	 * as the CSS does not depend on runtime APIs, and loadAppCss will be called explicitly.
+	 */
+	loadAppCss(): void {
+		try {
+			this.notify(<LoadAppCSSEventData>{
+				eventName: this.loadAppCssEvent,
+				object: this,
+				ios: this.ios,
+				android: this.android,
+				cssFile: this.getCssFileName(),
+			});
+		} catch (e) {
+			if (Trace.isEnabled()) {
+				Trace.write(`The app CSS file ${this.getCssFileName()} couldn't be loaded!`, Trace.categories.Style, Trace.messageType.warn);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	addCss(cssText: string, attributeScoped?: boolean): void {
+		this.notify(<CssChangedEventData>{
+			eventName: this.cssChangedEvent,
+			object: this,
+			cssText: cssText,
+		});
+		if (!attributeScoped) {
+			const rootView = this.getRootView();
+			if (rootView) {
+				rootView._onCssStateChange();
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	run(entry?: string | NavigationEntry) {
+		throw new Error('run() Not implemented.');
+	}
+
+	private _orientation: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
+
+	protected getOrientation(): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
+		// override in platform specific Application class
+		throw new Error('getOrientation() not implemented');
+	}
+
+	protected setOrientation(value: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown') {
+		if (this._orientation === value) {
+			return;
+		}
+		this._orientation = value;
+		this.orientationChanged(this.getRootView(), value);
+		this.notify(<OrientationChangedEventData>{
+			eventName: this.orientationChangedEvent,
+			android: this.android,
+			ios: this.ios,
+			newValue: value,
+			object: this,
+		});
+	}
+
+	get orientation(): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
+		return (this._orientation ??= this.getOrientation());
+	}
+
+	orientationChanged(rootView: View, newOrientation: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown'): void {
+		if (!rootView) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		const newOrientationCssClass = `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${newOrientation}`;
+		this.applyCssClass(rootView, ORIENTATION_CSS_CLASSES, newOrientationCssClass);
+
+		const rootModalViews = <Array<View>>rootView._getRootModalViews();
+		rootModalViews.forEach((rootModalView) => {
+			this.applyCssClass(rootModalView, ORIENTATION_CSS_CLASSES, newOrientationCssClass);
+		});
+	}
+
+	getNativeApplication(): any {
+		// override in platform specific Application class
+		throw new Error('getNativeApplication() not implemented');
+	}
+
+	hasLaunched(): boolean {
+		return global.NativeScriptGlobals && global.NativeScriptGlobals.launched;
+	}
+
+	private _systemAppearance: 'dark' | 'light' | null;
+
+	protected getSystemAppearance(): 'dark' | 'light' | null {
+		// override in platform specific Application class
+		throw new Error('getSystemAppearance() not implemented');
+	}
+
+	protected setSystemAppearance(value: 'dark' | 'light') {
+		if (this._systemAppearance === value) {
+			return;
+		}
+		this._systemAppearance = value;
+		this.systemAppearanceChanged(this.getRootView(), value);
+		this.notify(<SystemAppearanceChangedEventData>{
+			eventName: this.systemAppearanceChangedEvent,
+			android: this.android,
+			ios: this.ios,
+			newValue: value,
+			object: this,
+		});
+	}
+
+	get systemAppearance(): 'dark' | 'light' | null {
+		// return cached value, or get it from the platform specific override
+		return (this._systemAppearance ??= this.getSystemAppearance());
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Boolean to enable/disable systemAppearanceChanged
+	 */
+	autoSystemAppearanceChanged = true;
+
+	/**
+	 * enable/disable systemAppearanceChanged
+	 */
+	setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged(value: boolean): void {
+		this.autoSystemAppearanceChanged = value;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Updates root view classes including those of modals
+	 * @param rootView the root view
+	 * @param newSystemAppearance the new appearance change
+	 */
+	systemAppearanceChanged(rootView: View, newSystemAppearance: 'dark' | 'light'): void {
+		if (!rootView || !this.autoSystemAppearanceChanged) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		const newSystemAppearanceCssClass = `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${newSystemAppearance}`;
+		this.applyCssClass(rootView, SYSTEM_APPEARANCE_CSS_CLASSES, newSystemAppearanceCssClass);
+
+		const rootModalViews = rootView._getRootModalViews();
+		rootModalViews.forEach((rootModalView) => {
+			this.applyCssClass(rootModalView as View, SYSTEM_APPEARANCE_CSS_CLASSES, newSystemAppearanceCssClass);
+		});
+	}
+
+	private _inBackground: boolean = false;
+
+	get inBackground() {
+		return this._inBackground;
+	}
+
+	setInBackground(value: boolean, additonalData?: any) {
+		this._inBackground = value;
+
+		this.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
+			eventName: value ? this.backgroundEvent : this.foregroundEvent,
+			object: this,
+			ios: this.ios,
+
+			...additonalData,
+		});
+	}
+
+	private _suspended: boolean = false;
+
+	get suspended() {
+		return this._suspended;
+	}
+
+	setSuspended(value: boolean, additonalData?: any) {
+		this._suspended = value;
+
+		this.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
+			eventName: value ? this.suspendEvent : this.resumeEvent,
+			object: this,
+			ios: this.ios,
+			android: this.android,
+
+			...additonalData,
+		});
+	}
+
+	public started = false;
+
+	get android(): IAndroidApplication {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+
+	get ios(): IiOSApplication {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+
+	get AndroidApplication() {
+		return this.android;
+	}
+
+	get iOSApplication() {
+		return this.ios;
+	}
 }
-
-export let inBackground = false;
-export let suspended = false;
-
-export function setInBackground(value: boolean): void {
-	inBackground = value;
-}
-export function setSuspended(value: boolean): void {
-	suspended = value;
-}
-
-global.__onUncaughtError = function (error: NativeScriptError) {
-	notify(<UnhandledErrorEventData>{
-		eventName: uncaughtErrorEvent,
-		object: app,
-		android: error,
-		ios: error,
-		error: error,
-	});
-};
-
-global.__onDiscardedError = function (error: NativeScriptError) {
-	notify(<DiscardedErrorEventData>{
-		eventName: discardedErrorEvent,
-		object: app,
-		error: error,
-	});
-};
diff --git a/packages/core/application/application-interfaces.ts b/packages/core/application/application-interfaces.ts
index 2a4524e31..83f92f388 100644
--- a/packages/core/application/application-interfaces.ts
+++ b/packages/core/application/application-interfaces.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-// Types
-import { EventData } from '../data/observable';
-import { View } from '../ui/core/view';
+import type { ApplicationCommon } from './application-common';
+import type { EventData, Observable } from '../data/observable';
+import type { View } from '../ui/core/view';
 
 /**
  * An extended JavaScript Error which will have the nativeError property initialized in case the error is caused by executing platform-specific code.
@@ -12,98 +12,191 @@ export interface NativeScriptError extends Error {
 	nativeError: any;
 }
 
-export interface ApplicationEventData extends EventData {
+/**
+ * Event data containing information for the application events.
+ */
+export interface ApplicationEventData {
 	/**
-	 * UIApplication or undefined, unless otherwise specified. Prefer explicit
-	 * properties where possible.
+	 * The name of the event.
 	 */
-	ios?: any;
+	eventName: string;
+
 	/**
-	 * androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity or undefined, unless otherwise
-	 * specified. Prefer explicit properties where possible.
+	 * Gets the native iOS event arguments. Valid only when running on iOS.
 	 */
-	android?: any;
+	ios?: any; // iOSApplication;
+
 	/**
-	 * Careful with this messy type. A significant refactor is needed to make it
-	 * strictly extend EventData['object'], which is an Observable. It's used in
-	 * various ways:
-	 * - By font-scale: the Application module, typeof import('.')
-	 * - Within index.android.ts: AndroidApplication
-	 * - Within index.ios.ts: iOSApplication
+	 * Gets the native Android event arguments. Valid only when running on Android.
 	 */
-	object: any;
+	android?: any; // AndroidApplication;
+
+	/**
+	 * The instance that has raised the event.
+	 */
+	object: ApplicationCommon | Observable;
 }
 
-export interface LaunchEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
+/**
+ * Event data containing information for launch event.
+ */
+export interface LaunchEventData extends EventData {
 	/**
-	 * The value stored into didFinishLaunchingWithOptions notification's
-	 * userInfo under 'UIApplicationLaunchOptionsLocalNotificationKey';
-	 * otherwise, null.
+	 * The root view for this Window on iOS or Activity for Android.
+	 * If not set a new Frame will be created as a root view in order to maintain backwards compatibility.
+	 * If explicitly set to null, there will be no root view.
 	 */
-	ios: unknown;
 	root?: View | null;
+
 	savedInstanceState?: any /* android.os.Bundle */;
+
+	android?: android.content.Intent;
+
+	ios?: any /* UIApplicationLaunchOptions */;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Event data containing information for orientation changed event.
+ */
 export interface OrientationChangedEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	android: any /* globalAndroid.app.Application */;
+	/**
+	 * New orientation value.
+	 */
 	newValue: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
 }
 
+/**
+ * Event data containing information for system appearance changed event.
+ */
 export interface SystemAppearanceChangedEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	android: any /* globalAndroid.app.Application */;
+	/**
+	 * New system appearance value.
+	 */
 	newValue: 'light' | 'dark';
 }
 
+/**
+ * Event data containing information for font scale changed event.
+ */
+export interface FontScaleChangedEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
+	/**
+	 * New font scale value.
+	 */
+	newValue: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Event data containing information about unhandled application errors.
+ */
 export interface UnhandledErrorEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
 	ios?: NativeScriptError;
 	android?: NativeScriptError;
 	error: NativeScriptError;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Event data containing information about discarded application errors.
+ */
 export interface DiscardedErrorEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
 	error: NativeScriptError;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Event data containing information about application css change.
+ */
 export interface CssChangedEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
 	cssFile?: string;
 	cssText?: string;
 }
 
-export interface AndroidActivityEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	activity: any /* androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity */;
-	object: any /* AndroidApplication */;
-}
+/**
+ * Data for the Android activity events.
+ */
+export interface AndroidActivityEventData {
+	/**
+	 * The activity.
+	 */
+	activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
 
-export interface AndroidActivityBundleEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	bundle: any /* android.os.Bundle */;
-}
+	/**
+	 * The name of the event.
+	 */
+	eventName: string;
 
-export interface AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	requestCode: number;
-	permissions: Array<string>;
-	grantResults: Array<number>;
-}
-
-export interface AndroidActivityResultEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	requestCode: number;
-	resultCode: number;
-	intent: any /* android.content.Intent */;
-}
-
-export interface AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	intent: any /* android.content.Intent */;
-}
-
-export interface AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	cancel: boolean;
+	/**
+	 * The instance that has raised the event.
+	 */
+	object: any;
 }
 
 /**
- * @deprecated
+ * Data for the Android activity events with bundle.
  */
-export interface RootViewControllerImpl {
-	contentController: any;
+export interface AndroidActivityBundleEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
+	/**
+	 * The bundle.
+	 */
+	bundle: android.os.Bundle;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Data for the Android activity onRequestPermissions callback
+ */
+export interface AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
+	/**
+	 * The request code.
+	 */
+	requestCode: number;
+
+	/**
+	 * The Permissions.
+	 */
+	permissions: Array<string>;
+
+	/**
+	 * The Granted.
+	 */
+	grantResults: Array<number>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Data for the Android activity result event.
+ */
+export interface AndroidActivityResultEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
+	/**
+	 * The request code.
+	 */
+	requestCode: number;
+
+	/**
+	 * The result code.
+	 */
+	resultCode: number;
+
+	/**
+	 * The intent.
+	 */
+	intent: android.content.Intent;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Data for the Android activity newIntent event.
+ */
+export interface AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
+	/**
+	 * The intent.
+	 */
+	intent: any /* android.content.Intent */;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Data for the Android activity back pressed event.
+ */
+export interface AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
+	/**
+	 * In the event handler, set this value to true if you want to cancel the back navigation and do something else instead.
+	 */
+	cancel: boolean;
 }
 
 export interface LoadAppCSSEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
diff --git a/packages/core/application/application-shims.ts b/packages/core/application/application-shims.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..de747d1b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/application/application-shims.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+import { Application } from './application';
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.addCss()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const addCss = Application.addCss.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.getCssFileName()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const getCssFileName = Application.getCssFileName.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.getMainEntry()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const getMainEntry = Application.getMainEntry.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.getNativeApplication()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const getNativeApplication = Application.getNativeApplication.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.getResources()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const getResources = Application.getResources.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.getRootView()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const getRootView = Application.getRootView.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.hasLaunched()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const hasLaunched = Application.hasLaunched.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.hasListeners()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const hasListeners = Application.hasListeners.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.loadAppCss()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const loadAppCss = Application.loadAppCss.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.notify()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const notify = Application.notify.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.off()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const off = Application.off.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.on()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const on = Application.on.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.orientation
+ * ```
+ */
+export const orientation = () => Application.orientation;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.resetRootView()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const resetRootView = Application.resetRootView.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.resetRootView()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const _resetRootView = Application.resetRootView.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.run()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const run = Application.run.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged = Application.setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.setCssFileName()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const setCssFileName = Application.setCssFileName.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.setMaxRefreshRate()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const setMaxRefreshRate = Application.setMaxRefreshRate.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.setResources()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const setResources = Application.setResources.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.systemAppearance
+ * ```
+ */
+export const systemAppearance = () => Application.systemAppearance;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.systemAppearanceChanged()
+ * ```
+ */
+export const systemAppearanceChanged = Application.systemAppearanceChanged.bind(Application);
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.discardedErrorEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const discardedErrorEvent = Application.discardedErrorEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.uncaughtErrorEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const uncaughtErrorEvent = Application.uncaughtErrorEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.displayedEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const displayedEvent = Application.displayedEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.exitEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const exitEvent = Application.exitEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.fontScaleChangedEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const fontScaleChangedEvent = Application.fontScaleChangedEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.launchEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const launchEvent = Application.launchEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.lowMemoryEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const lowMemoryEvent = Application.lowMemoryEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.resumeEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const resumeEvent = Application.resumeEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.orientationChangedEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const orientationChangedEvent = Application.orientationChangedEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.suspendEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const suspendEvent = Application.suspendEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.systemAppearanceChangedEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const systemAppearanceChangedEvent = Application.systemAppearanceChangedEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.backgroundEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const backgroundEvent = Application.backgroundEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.foregroundEvent
+ * ```
+ */
+export const foregroundEvent = Application.foregroundEvent;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.inBackground
+ * ```
+ */
+export const inBackground = Application.inBackground;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.suspended
+ * ```
+ */
+export const suspended = Application.suspended;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.android
+ * ```
+ */
+export const android = Application.android;
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated Deep imports into the Application module are depreacted and will be removed in a future release.
+ * Use the `Application` class imported from "@nativescript/core" instead:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Application } from "@nativescript/core";
+ * Application.ios
+ * ```
+ */
+export const ios = Application.ios;
diff --git a/packages/core/application/application.android.ts b/packages/core/application/application.android.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eb38e0c81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/application/application.android.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,489 @@
+import { profile } from '../profiling';
+import { View } from '../ui';
+import { AndroidActivityCallbacks, NavigationEntry } from '../ui/frame/frame-common';
+import type { AndroidApplication as IAndroidApplication } from './application';
+import { ApplicationCommon } from './application-common';
+import type { AndroidActivityBundleEventData, AndroidActivityEventData, ApplicationEventData } from './application-interfaces';
+
+declare namespace com {
+	namespace tns {
+		class NativeScriptApplication extends android.app.Application {
+			static getInstance(): NativeScriptApplication;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+@NativeClass
+class BroadcastReceiver extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver {
+	private _onReceiveCallback: (context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) => void;
+
+	constructor(onReceiveCallback: (context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) => void) {
+		super();
+		this._onReceiveCallback = onReceiveCallback;
+
+		return global.__native(this);
+	}
+
+	public onReceive(context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) {
+		if (this._onReceiveCallback) {
+			this._onReceiveCallback(context, intent);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+@NativeClass
+@JavaProxy('org.nativescript.NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks')
+class NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks extends android.app.Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
+	private activitiesCount: number = 0;
+	private nativescriptActivity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
+
+	@profile
+	public onActivityCreated(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity, savedInstanceState: android.os.Bundle): void {
+		// console.log('NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks onActivityCreated');
+		this.setThemeOnLaunch(activity);
+
+		if (!Application.android.startActivity) {
+			Application.android.setStartActivity(activity);
+		}
+
+		if (!this.nativescriptActivity && 'isNativeScriptActivity' in activity) {
+			this.nativescriptActivity = activity;
+		}
+
+		this.notifyActivityCreated(activity, savedInstanceState);
+
+		if (Application.hasListeners(Application.displayedEvent)) {
+			this.subscribeForGlobalLayout(activity);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onActivityDestroyed(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity): void {
+		// console.log('NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks onActivityDestroyed');
+		if (activity === Application.android.foregroundActivity) {
+			Application.android.setForegroundActivity(undefined);
+		}
+
+		if (activity === this.nativescriptActivity) {
+			this.nativescriptActivity = undefined;
+		}
+
+		if (activity === Application.android.startActivity) {
+			Application.android.setStartActivity(undefined);
+
+			// Fallback for start activity when it is destroyed but we have a known nativescript activity
+			if (this.nativescriptActivity) {
+				Application.android.setStartActivity(this.nativescriptActivity);
+			}
+		}
+
+		Application.android.notify({
+			eventName: Application.android.activityDestroyedEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
+			activity,
+		} as AndroidActivityEventData);
+
+		// TODO: This is a temporary workaround to force the V8's Garbage Collector, which will force the related Java Object to be collected.
+		gc();
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onActivityPaused(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity): void {
+		// console.log('NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks onActivityPaused');
+		if ('isNativeScriptActivity' in activity) {
+			Application.setSuspended(true, {
+				// todo: deprecate event.android in favor of event.activity
+				android: activity,
+				activity,
+			});
+		}
+
+		Application.android.notify({
+			eventName: Application.android.activityPausedEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
+			activity,
+		} as AndroidActivityEventData);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onActivityResumed(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity): void {
+		// console.log('NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks onActivityResumed');
+		Application.android.setForegroundActivity(activity);
+
+		// NOTE: setSuspended(false) is called in frame/index.android.ts inside onPostResume
+		// This is done to ensure proper timing for the event to be raised
+
+		Application.android.notify({
+			eventName: Application.android.activityResumedEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
+			activity,
+		} as AndroidActivityEventData);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onActivitySaveInstanceState(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity, bundle: android.os.Bundle): void {
+		// console.log('NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks onActivitySaveInstanceState');
+
+		Application.android.notify({
+			eventName: Application.android.saveActivityStateEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
+			activity,
+			bundle,
+		} as AndroidActivityBundleEventData);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onActivityStarted(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity): void {
+		// console.log('NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks onActivityStarted');
+
+		this.activitiesCount++;
+		if (this.activitiesCount === 1) {
+			Application.android.notify({
+				eventName: Application.foregroundEvent,
+				object: Application.android,
+				android: activity,
+			} as ApplicationEventData);
+		}
+
+		Application.android.notify({
+			eventName: Application.android.activityStartedEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
+			activity,
+		} as AndroidActivityEventData);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onActivityStopped(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity): void {
+		// console.log('NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks onActivityStopped');
+		this.activitiesCount--;
+		if (this.activitiesCount === 0) {
+			Application.android.notify({
+				eventName: Application.backgroundEvent,
+				object: Application.android,
+				android: activity,
+			} as ApplicationEventData);
+		}
+
+		Application.android.notify({
+			eventName: Application.android.activityStoppedEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
+			activity,
+		} as AndroidActivityEventData);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	setThemeOnLaunch(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
+		// Set app theme after launch screen was used during startup
+		const activityInfo = activity.getPackageManager().getActivityInfo(activity.getComponentName(), android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
+		if (activityInfo.metaData) {
+			const setThemeOnLaunch = activityInfo.metaData.getInt('SET_THEME_ON_LAUNCH', -1);
+			if (setThemeOnLaunch !== -1) {
+				activity.setTheme(setThemeOnLaunch);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	notifyActivityCreated(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity, bundle: android.os.Bundle) {
+		Application.android.notify({
+			eventName: Application.android.activityCreatedEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
+			activity,
+			bundle,
+		} as AndroidActivityBundleEventData);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	subscribeForGlobalLayout(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
+		const rootView = activity.getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
+		// store the listener not to trigger GC collection before collecting the method
+		global.onGlobalLayoutListener = new android.view.ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener({
+			onGlobalLayout() {
+				Application.android.notify({
+					eventName: Application.displayedEvent,
+					object: Application,
+					android: Application.android,
+					activity,
+				} as AndroidActivityEventData);
+				const viewTreeObserver = rootView.getViewTreeObserver();
+				viewTreeObserver.removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(global.onGlobalLayoutListener);
+			},
+		});
+		rootView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(global.onGlobalLayoutListener);
+	}
+}
+
+@NativeClass
+@JavaProxy('org.nativescript.NativeScriptComponentCallbacks')
+class NativeScriptComponentCallbacks extends android.content.ComponentCallbacks2 {
+	@profile
+	public onLowMemory(): void {
+		gc();
+		java.lang.System.gc();
+
+		Application.notify({
+			eventName: Application.lowMemoryEvent,
+			object: Application,
+			android: this,
+		} as ApplicationEventData);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onTrimMemory(level: number): void {
+		// TODO: This is skipped for now, test carefully for OutOfMemory exceptions
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	public onConfigurationChanged(newConfiguration: android.content.res.Configuration): void {
+		Application.android.onConfigurationChanged(newConfiguration);
+	}
+}
+
+export class AndroidApplication extends ApplicationCommon implements IAndroidApplication {
+	static readonly activityCreatedEvent = 'activityCreated';
+	static readonly activityDestroyedEvent = 'activityDestroyed';
+	static readonly activityStartedEvent = 'activityStarted';
+	static readonly activityPausedEvent = 'activityPaused';
+	static readonly activityResumedEvent = 'activityResumed';
+	static readonly activityStoppedEvent = 'activityStopped';
+	static readonly saveActivityStateEvent = 'saveActivityState';
+	static readonly activityResultEvent = 'activityResult';
+	static readonly activityBackPressedEvent = 'activityBackPressed';
+	static readonly activityNewIntentEvent = 'activityNewIntent';
+	static readonly activityRequestPermissionsEvent = 'activityRequestPermissions';
+
+	readonly activityCreatedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityCreatedEvent;
+	readonly activityDestroyedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityDestroyedEvent;
+	readonly activityStartedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityStartedEvent;
+	readonly activityPausedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityPausedEvent;
+	readonly activityResumedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityResumedEvent;
+	readonly activityStoppedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityStoppedEvent;
+	readonly saveActivityStateEvent = AndroidApplication.saveActivityStateEvent;
+	readonly activityResultEvent = AndroidApplication.activityResultEvent;
+	readonly activityBackPressedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityBackPressedEvent;
+	readonly activityNewIntentEvent = AndroidApplication.activityNewIntentEvent;
+	readonly activityRequestPermissionsEvent = AndroidApplication.activityRequestPermissionsEvent;
+
+	private _nativeApp: android.app.Application;
+	// we are using these property to store the callbacks to avoid early GC collection which would trigger MarkReachableObjects
+	private lifecycleCallbacks: NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks;
+	private componentCallbacks: NativeScriptComponentCallbacks;
+
+	init(nativeApp: android.app.Application): void {
+		if (this.nativeApp === nativeApp) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (this.nativeApp) {
+			throw new Error('Application.android already initialized.');
+		}
+
+		this._nativeApp = nativeApp;
+
+		// we store those callbacks and add a function for clearing them later so that the objects will be eligable for GC
+		this.lifecycleCallbacks = new NativeScriptLifecycleCallbacks();
+		this.nativeApp.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this.lifecycleCallbacks);
+
+		this.componentCallbacks = new NativeScriptComponentCallbacks();
+		this.nativeApp.registerComponentCallbacks(this.componentCallbacks);
+
+		this._registerPendingReceivers();
+	}
+
+	private _registeredReceivers = {};
+	private _pendingReceiverRegistrations = new Array<(context: android.content.Context) => void>();
+	private _registerPendingReceivers() {
+		this._pendingReceiverRegistrations.forEach((func) => func(this.context));
+		this._pendingReceiverRegistrations.length = 0;
+	}
+
+	onConfigurationChanged(configuration: android.content.res.Configuration): void {
+		this.setOrientation(this.getOrientationValue(configuration));
+		this.setSystemAppearance(this.getSystemAppearanceValue(configuration));
+	}
+
+	getNativeApplication() {
+		let nativeApp = this.nativeApp;
+
+		if (nativeApp) {
+			return nativeApp;
+		}
+
+		// Try getting it from module - check whether application.android.init has been explicitly called
+		// check whether the com.tns.NativeScriptApplication type exists
+		if (com.tns.NativeScriptApplication) {
+			nativeApp = com.tns.NativeScriptApplication.getInstance();
+		}
+
+		// the getInstance might return null if com.tns.NativeScriptApplication exists but is not the starting app type
+		if (!nativeApp) {
+			// TODO: Should we handle the case when a custom application type is provided and the user has not explicitly initialized the application module?
+			const clazz = java.lang.Class.forName('androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivityThread');
+			if (clazz) {
+				const method = clazz.getMethod('currentApplication', null);
+				if (method) {
+					nativeApp = method.invoke(null, null);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// we cannot work without having the app instance
+		if (!nativeApp) {
+			throw new Error("Failed to retrieve native Android Application object. If you have a custom android.app.Application type implemented make sure that you've called the 'Application.android.init' method.");
+		}
+
+		return nativeApp;
+	}
+
+	get nativeApp(): android.app.Application {
+		return this._nativeApp;
+	}
+
+	run(entry?: string | NavigationEntry): void {
+		if (this.started) {
+			throw new Error('Application is already started.');
+		}
+
+		this.started = true;
+		this.mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
+
+		if (!this.nativeApp) {
+			const nativeApp = this.getNativeApplication();
+			this.init(nativeApp);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private _startActivity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
+	private _foregroundActivity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
+
+	get startActivity() {
+		return this._startActivity;
+	}
+
+	get foregroundActivity() {
+		return this._foregroundActivity;
+	}
+
+	setStartActivity(value: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
+		this._startActivity = value;
+	}
+
+	setForegroundActivity(value: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
+		this._foregroundActivity = value;
+	}
+
+	get paused(): boolean {
+		return this.suspended;
+	}
+
+	get backgrounded(): boolean {
+		return this.inBackground;
+	}
+
+	get context() {
+		return this.nativeApp.getApplicationContext();
+	}
+
+	get packageName() {
+		return this.nativeApp.getPackageName();
+	}
+
+	public registerBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string, onReceiveCallback: (context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) => void): void {
+		const registerFunc = (context: android.content.Context) => {
+			const receiver: android.content.BroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver(onReceiveCallback);
+			context.registerReceiver(receiver, new android.content.IntentFilter(intentFilter));
+			this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter] = receiver;
+		};
+
+		if (this.context) {
+			registerFunc(this.context);
+		} else {
+			this._pendingReceiverRegistrations.push(registerFunc);
+		}
+	}
+
+	public unregisterBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): void {
+		const receiver = this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter];
+		if (receiver) {
+			this.context.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
+			this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter] = undefined;
+			delete this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter];
+		}
+	}
+
+	public getRegisteredBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): android.content.BroadcastReceiver | undefined {
+		return this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter];
+	}
+
+	getRootView(): View {
+		const activity = this.foregroundActivity || this.startActivity;
+		if (!activity) {
+			return undefined;
+		}
+		const callbacks: AndroidActivityCallbacks = activity['_callbacks'];
+
+		return callbacks ? callbacks.getRootView() : undefined;
+	}
+
+	resetRootView(entry?: NavigationEntry | string): void {
+		super.resetRootView(entry);
+
+		const activity = this.foregroundActivity || this.startActivity;
+		if (!activity) {
+			throw new Error('Cannot find android activity.');
+		}
+
+		// this.mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
+		const callbacks: AndroidActivityCallbacks = activity['_callbacks'];
+		if (!callbacks) {
+			throw new Error('Cannot find android activity callbacks.');
+		}
+		callbacks.resetActivityContent(activity);
+	}
+
+	getSystemAppearance(): 'light' | 'dark' {
+		const resources = this.context.getResources();
+		const configuration = resources.getConfiguration();
+		return this.getSystemAppearanceValue(configuration);
+	}
+
+	// https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/look-and-feel/darktheme#configuration_changes
+	private getSystemAppearanceValue(configuration: android.content.res.Configuration): 'dark' | 'light' {
+		const systemAppearance = configuration.uiMode & android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK;
+
+		switch (systemAppearance) {
+			case android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES:
+				return 'dark';
+			case android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO:
+			case android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_UNDEFINED:
+				return 'light';
+		}
+	}
+
+	getOrientation() {
+		const resources = this.context.getResources();
+		const configuration = <android.content.res.Configuration>resources.getConfiguration();
+		return this.getOrientationValue(configuration);
+	}
+
+	private getOrientationValue(configuration: android.content.res.Configuration): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
+		const orientation = configuration.orientation;
+
+		switch (orientation) {
+			case android.content.res.Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE:
+				return 'landscape';
+			case android.content.res.Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT:
+				return 'portrait';
+			default:
+				return 'unknown';
+		}
+	}
+
+	get android() {
+		// ensures Application.android is defined when running on Android
+		return this;
+	}
+}
+export * from './application-common';
+export const Application = new AndroidApplication();
+export const iOSApplication = undefined;
diff --git a/packages/core/application/application.d.ts b/packages/core/application/application.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..477f08314
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/application/application.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+import { ApplicationCommon } from './application-common';
+
+export * from './application-common';
+export * from './application-interfaces';
+
+export const Application: ApplicationCommon;
+
+export class AndroidApplication extends ApplicationCommon {
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityCreatedEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityCreatedEvent = 'activityCreated';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityDestroyedEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityDestroyedEvent = 'activityDestroyed';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityStartedEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityStartedEvent = 'activityStarted';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityPausedEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityPausedEvent = 'activityPaused';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityResumedEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityResumedEvent = 'activityResumed';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityStoppedEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityStoppedEvent = 'activityStopped';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.saveActivityStateEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly saveActivityStateEvent = 'saveActivityState';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityResultEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityResultEvent = 'activityResult';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityBackPressedEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityBackPressedEvent = 'activityBackPressed';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityNewIntentEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityNewIntentEvent = 'activityNewIntent';
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.android.activityRequestPermissionsEvent` instead.
+	 */
+	static readonly activityRequestPermissionsEvent = 'activityRequestPermissions';
+
+	readonly activityCreatedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityCreatedEvent;
+	readonly activityDestroyedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityDestroyedEvent;
+	readonly activityStartedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityStartedEvent;
+	readonly activityPausedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityPausedEvent;
+	readonly activityResumedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityResumedEvent;
+	readonly activityStoppedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityStoppedEvent;
+	readonly saveActivityStateEvent = AndroidApplication.saveActivityStateEvent;
+	readonly activityResultEvent = AndroidApplication.activityResultEvent;
+	readonly activityBackPressedEvent = AndroidApplication.activityBackPressedEvent;
+	readonly activityNewIntentEvent = AndroidApplication.activityNewIntentEvent;
+	readonly activityRequestPermissionsEvent = AndroidApplication.activityRequestPermissionsEvent;
+
+	getNativeApplication(): android.app.Application;
+
+	/**
+	 * @internal
+	 */
+	init(nativeApp: android.app.Application): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * The [android Application](http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Application.html) object instance provided to the init of the module.
+	 */
+	get nativeApp(): android.app.Application;
+
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Utils.android.getPackageName()` instead.
+	 */
+	get packageName(): string;
+
+	/**
+	 * The main (start) Activity for the application.
+	 */
+	get startActivity(): androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
+
+	/**
+	 * The currently active (loaded) [android Activity](http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity.html).
+	 *
+	 * This property is automatically updated upon Activity events.
+	 */
+	get foregroundActivity(): androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
+
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Utils.android.getApplicationContext()` instead.
+	 */
+	get context(): android.content.Context;
+
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.inBackground` instead.
+	 */
+	get backgrounded(): boolean;
+
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated Use `Application.suspended` instead.
+	 */
+	get paused(): boolean;
+
+	/**
+	 * Register a BroadcastReceiver to be run in the main activity thread. The receiver will be called with any broadcast Intent that matches filter, in the main application thread.
+	 * For more information, please visit 'http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context.html#registerReceiver%28android.content.BroadcastReceiver,%20android.content.IntentFilter%29'
+	 * @param intentFilter A string containing the intent filter.
+	 * @param onReceiveCallback A callback function that will be called each time the receiver receives a broadcast.
+	 */
+	registerBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string, onReceiveCallback: (context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) => void): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * Unregister a previously registered BroadcastReceiver.
+	 * For more information, please visit 'http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context.html#unregisterReceiver(android.content.BroadcastReceiver)'
+	 * @param intentFilter A string containing the intent filter with which the receiver was originally registered.
+	 */
+	unregisterBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): void;
+
+	/**
+	 * Get a registered BroadcastReceiver, then you can get the result code of BroadcastReceiver in onReceiveCallback method.
+	 * @param intentFilter A string containing the intent filter.
+	 */
+	getRegisteredBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+
+	on(event: 'activityCreated', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityDestroyed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityStarted', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityPaused', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityResumed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityStopped', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'saveActivityState', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityResult', callback: (args: AndroidActivityResultEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityBackPressed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityNewIntent', callback: (args: AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+	on(event: 'activityRequestPermissions', callback: (args: AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
+}
+
+export class iOSApplication extends ApplicationCommon {
+	/**
+	 * The root view controller for the application.
+	 */
+	get rootController(): UIViewController;
+
+	/**
+	 * The [UIApplication](https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/UIApplication_Class/index.html).
+	 */
+	get nativeApp(): UIApplication;
+
+	/**
+	 * The key window.
+	 */
+	get window(): UIWindow;
+
+	/**
+	 * The [UIApplicationDelegate](https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/UIApplicationDelegate_Protocol/index.html) class.
+	 */
+	get delegate(): UIApplicationDelegate & { prototype: UIApplicationDelegate };
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets a custom [UIApplicationDelegate](https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/UIApplicationDelegate_Protocol/index.html) class.
+	 */
+	set delegate(value: UIApplicationDelegate | unknown);
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds an observer to the default notification center for the specified notification.
+	 * For more information, please visit 'https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/Foundation/Classes/NSNotificationCenter_Class/#//apple_ref/occ/instm/NSNotificationCenter/addObserver:selector:name:object:'
+	 * @param notificationName A string containing the name of the notification.
+	 * @param onReceiveCallback A callback function that will be called each time the observer receives a notification.
+	 */
+	addNotificationObserver(notificationName: string, onReceiveCallback: (notification: NSNotification) => void): NotificationObserver;
+
+	/**
+	 * Removes the observer for the specified notification from the default notification center.
+	 * For more information, please visit 'https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/Foundation/Classes/NSNotificationCenter_Class/#//apple_ref/occ/instm/NSNotificationCenter/addObserver:selector:name:object:'
+	 * @param observer The observer that was returned from the addNotificationObserver method.
+	 * @param notificationName A string containing the name of the notification.
+	 * @param onReceiveCallback A callback function that will be called each time the observer receives a notification.
+	 */
+	removeNotificationObserver(observer: any, notificationName: string);
+}
diff --git a/packages/core/application/application.ios.ts b/packages/core/application/application.ios.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1a61b7a97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/application/application.ios.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+import { profile } from '../profiling';
+import { View } from '../ui';
+import { IOSHelper } from '../ui/core/view/view-helper';
+import { NavigationEntry } from '../ui/frame/frame-interfaces';
+import * as Utils from '../utils';
+import type { iOSApplication as IiOSApplication } from './application';
+import { ApplicationCommon } from './application-common';
+import { ApplicationEventData } from './application-interfaces';
+
+@NativeClass
+class CADisplayLinkTarget extends NSObject {
+	private _owner: WeakRef<iOSApplication>;
+	static initWithOwner(owner: WeakRef<iOSApplication>): CADisplayLinkTarget {
+		const target = <CADisplayLinkTarget>CADisplayLinkTarget.new();
+		target._owner = owner;
+		return target;
+	}
+
+	onDisplayed(link: CADisplayLink) {
+		link.invalidate();
+		const owner = this._owner.deref();
+
+		if (!owner) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		owner.displayedOnce = true;
+		owner.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
+			eventName: owner.displayedEvent,
+			object: owner,
+			ios: UIApplication.sharedApplication,
+		});
+		owner.displayedLinkTarget = null;
+		owner.displayedLink = null;
+	}
+
+	public static ObjCExposedMethods = {
+		onDisplayed: { returns: interop.types.void, params: [CADisplayLink] },
+	};
+}
+
+@NativeClass
+class NotificationObserver extends NSObject {
+	private _onReceiveCallback: (notification: NSNotification) => void;
+
+	public static initWithCallback(onReceiveCallback: (notification: NSNotification) => void): NotificationObserver {
+		const observer = <NotificationObserver>super.new();
+		observer._onReceiveCallback = onReceiveCallback;
+
+		return observer;
+	}
+
+	public onReceive(notification: NSNotification): void {
+		this._onReceiveCallback(notification);
+	}
+
+	public static ObjCExposedMethods = {
+		onReceive: { returns: interop.types.void, params: [NSNotification] },
+	};
+}
+
+@NativeClass
+class Responder extends UIResponder implements UIApplicationDelegate {
+	get window(): UIWindow {
+		return Application.ios.window;
+	}
+
+	set window(value: UIWindow) {
+		// NOOP
+	}
+
+	static ObjCProtocols = [UIApplicationDelegate];
+}
+
+export class iOSApplication extends ApplicationCommon implements IiOSApplication {
+	private _delegate: UIApplicationDelegate;
+	private _window: UIWindow;
+	private _notificationObservers: NotificationObserver[] = [];
+	private _rootView: View;
+
+	displayedOnce = false;
+	displayedLinkTarget: CADisplayLinkTarget;
+	displayedLink: CADisplayLink;
+
+	/**
+	 * @internal - should not be constructed by the user.
+	 */
+	constructor() {
+		super();
+
+		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification, this.didFinishLaunchingWithOptions.bind(this));
+		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification, this.didBecomeActive.bind(this));
+		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification, this.didEnterBackground.bind(this));
+		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationWillTerminateNotification, this.willTerminate.bind(this));
+		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidReceiveMemoryWarningNotification, this.didReceiveMemoryWarning.bind(this));
+		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidChangeStatusBarOrientationNotification, this.didChangeStatusBarOrientation.bind(this));
+	}
+
+	getRootView(): View {
+		return this._rootView;
+	}
+
+	resetRootView(view?: View) {
+		super.resetRootView(view);
+		this.setWindowContent();
+	}
+
+	run(entry?: string | NavigationEntry): void {
+		this.mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
+		this.started = true;
+
+		if (this.nativeApp) {
+			this.runAsEmbeddedApp();
+		} else {
+			this.runAsMainApp();
+		}
+	}
+
+	private runAsMainApp() {
+		UIApplicationMain(0, null, null, this.delegate ? NSStringFromClass(this.delegate as any) : NSStringFromClass(Responder));
+	}
+
+	private runAsEmbeddedApp() {
+		// TODO: this rootView should be held alive until rootController dismissViewController is called.
+		const rootView = this.createRootView(this._rootView, true);
+		if (!rootView) {
+			return;
+		}
+		this._rootView = rootView;
+		// Attach to the existing iOS app
+		const window = this.nativeApp.keyWindow || (this.nativeApp.windows.count > 0 && this.nativeApp.windows[0]);
+
+		if (!window) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		const rootController = window.rootViewController;
+		if (!rootController) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		const controller = this.getViewController(rootView);
+		const embedderDelegate = NativeScriptEmbedder.sharedInstance().delegate;
+
+		rootView._setupAsRootView({});
+		rootView.on(IOSHelper.traitCollectionColorAppearanceChangedEvent, () => {
+			const userInterfaceStyle = controller.traitCollection.userInterfaceStyle;
+			const newSystemAppearance = this.getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle);
+			this.setSystemAppearance(newSystemAppearance);
+		});
+
+		if (embedderDelegate) {
+			this.setViewControllerView(rootView);
+			embedderDelegate.presentNativeScriptApp(controller);
+		} else {
+			const visibleVC = Utils.ios.getVisibleViewController(rootController);
+			visibleVC.presentViewControllerAnimatedCompletion(controller, true, null);
+		}
+
+		this.initRootView();
+		this.notifyAppStarted();
+	}
+
+	private getViewController(rootView: View): UIViewController {
+		let viewController: UIViewController = rootView.viewController || rootView.ios;
+
+		if (!(viewController instanceof UIViewController)) {
+			// We set UILayoutViewController dynamically to the root view if it doesn't have a view controller
+			// At the moment the root view doesn't have its native view created. We set it in the setViewControllerView func
+			viewController = IOSHelper.UILayoutViewController.initWithOwner(new WeakRef(rootView)) as UIViewController;
+			rootView.viewController = viewController;
+		}
+
+		return viewController;
+	}
+
+	private setViewControllerView(view: View): void {
+		const viewController: UIViewController = view.viewController || view.ios;
+		const nativeView = view.ios || view.nativeViewProtected;
+
+		if (!nativeView || !viewController) {
+			throw new Error('Root should be either UIViewController or UIView');
+		}
+
+		if (viewController instanceof IOSHelper.UILayoutViewController) {
+			viewController.view.addSubview(nativeView);
+		}
+	}
+
+	setMaxRefreshRate(options?: { min?: number; max?: number; preferred?: number }): void {
+		const adjustRefreshRate = () => {
+			if (!this.displayedLink) {
+				return;
+			}
+			const minFrameRateDisabled = NSBundle.mainBundle.objectForInfoDictionaryKey('CADisableMinimumFrameDurationOnPhone');
+
+			if (minFrameRateDisabled) {
+				let max = 120;
+				const deviceMaxFrames = UIScreen.mainScreen?.maximumFramesPerSecond;
+				if (options?.max) {
+					if (deviceMaxFrames) {
+						// iOS 10.3
+						max = options.max <= deviceMaxFrames ? options.max : deviceMaxFrames;
+					} else if (this.displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond) {
+						// iOS 10.0
+						max = options.max <= this.displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond ? options.max : this.displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond;
+					}
+				}
+
+				if (Utils.ios.MajorVersion >= 15) {
+					const min = options?.min || max / 2;
+					const preferred = options?.preferred || max;
+					this.displayedLink.preferredFrameRateRange = CAFrameRateRangeMake(min, max, preferred);
+				} else {
+					this.displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond = max;
+				}
+			}
+		};
+
+		if (this.displayedOnce) {
+			adjustRefreshRate();
+			return;
+		}
+
+		this.displayedLinkTarget = CADisplayLinkTarget.initWithOwner(new WeakRef(this));
+		this.displayedLink = CADisplayLink.displayLinkWithTargetSelector(this.displayedLinkTarget, 'onDisplayed');
+		adjustRefreshRate();
+		this.displayedLink.addToRunLoopForMode(NSRunLoop.mainRunLoop, NSDefaultRunLoopMode);
+		this.displayedLink.addToRunLoopForMode(NSRunLoop.mainRunLoop, UITrackingRunLoopMode);
+	}
+
+	get rootController() {
+		return this.window.rootViewController;
+	}
+
+	get nativeApp() {
+		return UIApplication.sharedApplication;
+	}
+
+	get window(): UIWindow {
+		if (NativeScriptEmbedder.sharedInstance().delegate && !this._window) {
+			this._window = UIApplication.sharedApplication.keyWindow;
+		}
+
+		return this._window;
+	}
+
+	get delegate(): UIApplicationDelegate & { prototype: UIApplicationDelegate } {
+		return this._delegate as any;
+	}
+
+	set delegate(value: UIApplicationDelegate | unknown) {
+		if (this._delegate !== value) {
+			this._delegate = value as UIApplicationDelegate;
+		}
+	}
+
+	getNativeApplication() {
+		return this.nativeApp;
+	}
+
+	addNotificationObserver(notificationName: string, onReceiveCallback: (notification: NSNotification) => void) {
+		const observer = NotificationObserver.initWithCallback(onReceiveCallback);
+		NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter.addObserverSelectorNameObject(observer, 'onReceive', notificationName, null);
+		this._notificationObservers.push(observer);
+
+		return observer;
+	}
+
+	removeNotificationObserver(observer: any, notificationName: string) {
+		const index = this._notificationObservers.indexOf(observer);
+		if (index >= 0) {
+			this._notificationObservers.splice(index, 1);
+			NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter.removeObserverNameObject(observer, notificationName, null);
+		}
+	}
+
+	protected getSystemAppearance(): 'light' | 'dark' {
+		// userInterfaceStyle is available on UITraitCollection since iOS 12.
+		if (Utils.ios.MajorVersion <= 11 || !this.rootController) {
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		const userInterfaceStyle = this.rootController.traitCollection.userInterfaceStyle;
+		return this.getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle);
+	}
+
+	private getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle: number): 'dark' | 'light' {
+		switch (userInterfaceStyle) {
+			case UIUserInterfaceStyle.Dark:
+				return 'dark';
+			case UIUserInterfaceStyle.Light:
+			case UIUserInterfaceStyle.Unspecified:
+				return 'light';
+		}
+	}
+
+	protected getOrientation() {
+		const statusBarOrientation = UIApplication.sharedApplication.statusBarOrientation;
+		return this.getOrientationValue(statusBarOrientation);
+	}
+
+	private getOrientationValue(orientation: number): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
+		switch (orientation) {
+			case UIInterfaceOrientation.LandscapeRight:
+			case UIInterfaceOrientation.LandscapeLeft:
+				return 'landscape';
+			case UIInterfaceOrientation.PortraitUpsideDown:
+			case UIInterfaceOrientation.Portrait:
+				return 'portrait';
+			case UIInterfaceOrientation.Unknown:
+				return 'unknown';
+		}
+	}
+
+	private notifyAppStarted(notification?: NSNotification) {
+		const root = this.notifyLaunch({
+			ios: notification?.userInfo?.objectForKey('UIApplicationLaunchOptionsLocalNotificationKey') ?? null,
+		});
+
+		if (this._window) {
+			if (root !== null && !NativeScriptEmbedder.sharedInstance().delegate) {
+				this.setWindowContent(root);
+			}
+		} else {
+			this._window = UIApplication.sharedApplication.keyWindow;
+		}
+	}
+
+	private setWindowContent(view?: View): void {
+		if (this._rootView) {
+			// if we already have a root view, we reset it.
+			this._rootView._onRootViewReset();
+		}
+		const rootView = this.createRootView(view);
+		const controller = this.getViewController(rootView);
+
+		this._rootView = rootView;
+
+		// setup view as styleScopeHost
+		rootView._setupAsRootView({});
+
+		this.setViewControllerView(rootView);
+
+		const haveController = this._window.rootViewController !== null;
+		this._window.rootViewController = controller;
+
+		if (!haveController) {
+			this._window.makeKeyAndVisible();
+		}
+
+		this.initRootView();
+
+		rootView.on(IOSHelper.traitCollectionColorAppearanceChangedEvent, () => {
+			const userInterfaceStyle = controller.traitCollection.userInterfaceStyle;
+			const newSystemAppearance = this.getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle);
+
+			this.setSystemAppearance(newSystemAppearance);
+		});
+	}
+
+	// Observers
+	@profile
+	private didFinishLaunchingWithOptions(notification: NSNotification) {
+		this.setMaxRefreshRate();
+
+		this._window = UIWindow.alloc().initWithFrame(UIScreen.mainScreen.bounds);
+
+		// TODO: Expose Window module so that it can we styled from XML & CSS
+		this._window.backgroundColor = Utils.ios.MajorVersion <= 12 || !UIColor.systemBackgroundColor ? UIColor.whiteColor : UIColor.systemBackgroundColor;
+
+		this.notifyAppStarted(notification);
+	}
+
+	@profile
+	private didBecomeActive(notification: NSNotification) {
+		const additionalData = {
+			ios: UIApplication.sharedApplication,
+		};
+		this.setInBackground(false, additionalData);
+		this.setSuspended(false, additionalData);
+
+		const rootView = this._rootView;
+		if (rootView && !rootView.isLoaded) {
+			rootView.callLoaded();
+		}
+	}
+
+	private didEnterBackground(notification: NSNotification) {
+		const additionalData = {
+			ios: UIApplication.sharedApplication,
+		};
+		this.setInBackground(true, additionalData);
+		this.setSuspended(true, additionalData);
+
+		const rootView = this._rootView;
+		if (rootView && rootView.isLoaded) {
+			rootView.callUnloaded();
+		}
+	}
+
+	private willTerminate(notification: NSNotification) {
+		this.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
+			eventName: this.exitEvent,
+			object: this,
+			ios: this.ios,
+		});
+
+		// const rootView = this._rootView;
+		// if (rootView && rootView.isLoaded) {
+		// 	rootView.callUnloaded();
+		// }
+	}
+
+	private didReceiveMemoryWarning(notification: NSNotification) {
+		this.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
+			eventName: this.lowMemoryEvent,
+			object: this,
+			ios: this.ios,
+		});
+	}
+
+	private didChangeStatusBarOrientation(notification: NSNotification) {
+		const statusBarOrientation = UIApplication.sharedApplication.statusBarOrientation;
+		const newOrientation = this.getOrientationValue(statusBarOrientation);
+		this.setOrientation(newOrientation);
+	}
+
+	get ios() {
+		// ensures Application.ios is defined when running on iOS
+		return this;
+	}
+}
+export * from './application-common';
+export const Application = new iOSApplication();
+export const AndroidApplication = undefined;
diff --git a/packages/core/application/index.android.ts b/packages/core/application/index.android.ts
index d60bb628e..790c27458 100644
--- a/packages/core/application/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/application/index.android.ts
@@ -1,589 +1,2 @@
-// Types.
-import { AndroidApplication as AndroidApplicationDefinition } from '.';
-import { AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData, AndroidActivityBundleEventData, AndroidActivityEventData, AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData, AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData, AndroidActivityResultEventData, ApplicationEventData, CssChangedEventData, OrientationChangedEventData, SystemAppearanceChangedEventData } from './application-interfaces';
-
-// TODO: explain why we need to this or remov it
-// Use requires to ensure order of imports is maintained
-const appCommon = require('./application-common') as typeof import('./application-common');
-
-// First reexport so that app module is initialized.
-export * from './application-common';
-
-import { View } from '../ui/core/view';
-import { NavigationEntry, AndroidActivityCallbacks } from '../ui/frame/frame-interfaces';
-import { Observable } from '../data/observable';
-
-import { profile } from '../profiling';
-import { initAccessibilityCssHelper } from '../accessibility/accessibility-css-helper';
-import { initAccessibilityFontScale } from '../accessibility/font-scale';
-import { inBackground, setInBackground, setSuspended, suspended } from './application-common';
-
-const ActivityCreated = 'activityCreated';
-const ActivityDestroyed = 'activityDestroyed';
-const ActivityStarted = 'activityStarted';
-const ActivityPaused = 'activityPaused';
-const ActivityResumed = 'activityResumed';
-const ActivityStopped = 'activityStopped';
-const SaveActivityState = 'saveActivityState';
-const ActivityResult = 'activityResult';
-const ActivityBackPressed = 'activityBackPressed';
-const ActivityNewIntent = 'activityNewIntent';
-const ActivityRequestPermissions = 'activityRequestPermissions';
-
-export function setMaxRefreshRate(options?: { min?: number; max?: number; preferred?: number }): void {
-	// ignore on android, ios only
-}
-
-export class AndroidApplication extends Observable implements AndroidApplicationDefinition {
-	public static activityCreatedEvent = ActivityCreated;
-	public static activityDestroyedEvent = ActivityDestroyed;
-	public static activityStartedEvent = ActivityStarted;
-	public static activityPausedEvent = ActivityPaused;
-	public static activityResumedEvent = ActivityResumed;
-	public static activityStoppedEvent = ActivityStopped;
-	public static saveActivityStateEvent = SaveActivityState;
-	public static activityResultEvent = ActivityResult;
-	public static activityBackPressedEvent = ActivityBackPressed;
-	public static activityNewIntentEvent = ActivityNewIntent;
-	public static activityRequestPermissionsEvent = ActivityRequestPermissions;
-
-	private _orientation: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
-	private _systemAppearance: 'light' | 'dark';
-
-	get paused() {
-		return suspended;
-	}
-	get backgrounded() {
-		return inBackground;
-	}
-
-	public nativeApp: android.app.Application;
-	/**
-	 * @deprecated Use Utils.android.getApplicationContext() instead.
-	 */
-	public context: android.content.Context;
-	public foregroundActivity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
-	public startActivity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
-	/**
-	 * @deprecated Use Utils.android.getPackageName() instead.
-	 */
-	public packageName: string;
-	// we are using these property to store the callbacks to avoid early GC collection which would trigger MarkReachableObjects
-	private callbacks: any = {};
-
-	public init(nativeApp: android.app.Application): void {
-		if (this.nativeApp === nativeApp) {
-			return;
-		}
-
-		if (this.nativeApp) {
-			throw new Error('application.android already initialized.');
-		}
-
-		this.nativeApp = nativeApp;
-		this.packageName = nativeApp.getPackageName();
-		this.context = nativeApp.getApplicationContext();
-		// we store those callbacks and add a function for clearing them later so that the objects will be eligable for GC
-		this.callbacks.lifecycleCallbacks = initLifecycleCallbacks();
-		this.callbacks.componentCallbacks = initComponentCallbacks();
-		this.nativeApp.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this.callbacks.lifecycleCallbacks);
-		this.nativeApp.registerComponentCallbacks(this.callbacks.componentCallbacks);
-
-		this._registerPendingReceivers();
-	}
-
-	private _registeredReceivers = {};
-	private _pendingReceiverRegistrations = new Array<(context: android.content.Context) => void>();
-	private _registerPendingReceivers() {
-		this._pendingReceiverRegistrations.forEach((func) => func(this.context));
-		this._pendingReceiverRegistrations.length = 0;
-	}
-
-	get orientation(): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
-		if (!this._orientation) {
-			const resources = this.context.getResources();
-			const configuration = <android.content.res.Configuration>resources.getConfiguration();
-
-			this._orientation = getOrientationValue(configuration);
-		}
-
-		return this._orientation;
-	}
-
-	set orientation(value: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown') {
-		this._orientation = value;
-	}
-
-	get systemAppearance(): 'light' | 'dark' {
-		if (!this._systemAppearance) {
-			const resources = this.context.getResources();
-			const configuration = <android.content.res.Configuration>resources.getConfiguration();
-
-			this._systemAppearance = getSystemAppearanceValue(configuration);
-		}
-
-		return this._systemAppearance;
-	}
-
-	set systemAppearance(value: 'light' | 'dark') {
-		this._systemAppearance = value;
-	}
-
-	public getRegisteredBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): android.content.BroadcastReceiver | undefined {
-		return this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter];
-	}
-
-	public registerBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string, onReceiveCallback: (context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) => void): void {
-		ensureBroadCastReceiverClass();
-		const registerFunc = (context: android.content.Context) => {
-			const receiver: android.content.BroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiverClass(onReceiveCallback);
-			context.registerReceiver(receiver, new android.content.IntentFilter(intentFilter));
-			this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter] = receiver;
-		};
-
-		if (this.context) {
-			registerFunc(this.context);
-		} else {
-			this._pendingReceiverRegistrations.push(registerFunc);
-		}
-	}
-
-	public unregisterBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): void {
-		const receiver = this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter];
-		if (receiver) {
-			this.context.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
-			this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter] = undefined;
-			delete this._registeredReceivers[intentFilter];
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// HACK: Use an interface with the same name, so that the class above fulfills the 'implements' requirement
-// HACK: We use the 'implements' to verify the class above is the same as the one declared in the d.ts
-// HACK: We declare all these 'on' statements, so that they can appear in the API reference
-// HACK: Do we need this? Is it useful? There are static fields to the AndroidApplication class for the event names.
-export interface AndroidApplication {
-	on(eventNames: string, callback: (data: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityCreated', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityDestroyed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityStarted', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityPaused', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityResumed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityStopped', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'saveActivityState', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityResult', callback: (args: AndroidActivityResultEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityBackPressed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityNewIntent', callback: (args: AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-	on(event: 'activityRequestPermissions', callback: (args: AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-}
-
-let androidApp: AndroidApplication;
-export { androidApp as android };
-
-let mainEntry: NavigationEntry;
-let started = false;
-
-export function ensureNativeApplication() {
-	if (!androidApp) {
-		androidApp = new AndroidApplication();
-		appCommon.setApplication(androidApp);
-	}
-}
-
-export function run(entry?: NavigationEntry | string) {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-
-	if (started) {
-		throw new Error('Application is already started.');
-	}
-
-	started = true;
-	mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
-	if (!androidApp.nativeApp) {
-		const nativeApp = getNativeApplication();
-		androidApp.init(nativeApp);
-	}
-
-	initAccessibilityCssHelper();
-	initAccessibilityFontScale();
-}
-
-export function addCss(cssText: string, attributeScoped?: boolean): void {
-	appCommon.notify(<CssChangedEventData>{
-		eventName: 'cssChanged',
-		object: androidApp,
-		cssText: cssText,
-	});
-	if (!attributeScoped) {
-		const rootView = getRootView();
-		if (rootView) {
-			rootView._onCssStateChange();
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-const CALLBACKS = '_callbacks';
-
-export function _resetRootView(entry?: NavigationEntry | string): void {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	const activity = androidApp.foregroundActivity || androidApp.startActivity;
-	if (!activity) {
-		throw new Error('Cannot find android activity.');
-	}
-
-	mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
-	const callbacks: AndroidActivityCallbacks = activity[CALLBACKS];
-	if (!callbacks) {
-		throw new Error('Cannot find android activity callbacks.');
-	}
-	callbacks.resetActivityContent(activity);
-}
-
-export function getMainEntry() {
-	return mainEntry;
-}
-
-export function getRootView(): View {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	// Use start activity as a backup when foregroundActivity is still not set
-	// in cases when we are getting the root view before activity.onResumed event is fired
-	const activity = androidApp.foregroundActivity || androidApp.startActivity;
-	if (!activity) {
-		return undefined;
-	}
-	const callbacks: AndroidActivityCallbacks = activity[CALLBACKS];
-
-	return callbacks ? callbacks.getRootView() : undefined;
-}
-
-export function getNativeApplication(): android.app.Application {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-
-	// Try getting it from module - check whether application.android.init has been explicitly called
-	let nativeApp = androidApp.nativeApp;
-	if (!nativeApp) {
-		// check whether the com.tns.NativeScriptApplication type exists
-		if (!nativeApp && com.tns.NativeScriptApplication) {
-			nativeApp = com.tns.NativeScriptApplication.getInstance();
-		}
-
-		// the getInstance might return null if com.tns.NativeScriptApplication exists but is  not the starting app type
-		if (!nativeApp) {
-			// TODO: Should we handle the case when a custom application type is provided and the user has not explicitly initialized the application module?
-			const clazz = java.lang.Class.forName('android.app.ActivityThread');
-			if (clazz) {
-				const method = clazz.getMethod('currentApplication', null);
-				if (method) {
-					nativeApp = method.invoke(null, null);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		// we cannot work without having the app instance
-		if (!nativeApp) {
-			throw new Error("Failed to retrieve native Android Application object. If you have a custom android.app.Application type implemented make sure that you've called the '<application-module>.android.init' method.");
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nativeApp;
-}
-
-export function orientation(): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	return androidApp.orientation;
-}
-
-export function systemAppearance(): 'dark' | 'light' {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	return androidApp.systemAppearance;
-}
-
-global.__onLiveSync = function __onLiveSync(context?: ModuleContext) {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	if (androidApp && androidApp.paused) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const rootView = getRootView();
-	appCommon.livesync(rootView, context);
-};
-
-function getOrientationValue(configuration: android.content.res.Configuration): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
-	const orientation = configuration.orientation;
-
-	switch (orientation) {
-		case android.content.res.Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE:
-			return 'landscape';
-		case android.content.res.Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT:
-			return 'portrait';
-		default:
-			return 'unknown';
-	}
-}
-
-// https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/look-and-feel/darktheme#configuration_changes
-function getSystemAppearanceValue(configuration: android.content.res.Configuration): 'dark' | 'light' {
-	const systemAppearance = configuration.uiMode & android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK;
-
-	switch (systemAppearance) {
-		case android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES:
-			return 'dark';
-		case android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO:
-		case android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_UNDEFINED:
-			return 'light';
-	}
-}
-
-function initLifecycleCallbacks() {
-	const setThemeOnLaunch = profile('setThemeOnLaunch', (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) => {
-		// Set app theme after launch screen was used during startup
-		const activityInfo = activity.getPackageManager().getActivityInfo(activity.getComponentName(), android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_META_DATA);
-		if (activityInfo.metaData) {
-			const setThemeOnLaunch = activityInfo.metaData.getInt('SET_THEME_ON_LAUNCH', -1);
-			if (setThemeOnLaunch !== -1) {
-				activity.setTheme(setThemeOnLaunch);
-			}
-		}
-	});
-
-	const notifyActivityCreated = profile('notifyActivityCreated', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity, savedInstanceState: android.os.Bundle) {
-		androidApp.notify(<AndroidActivityBundleEventData>{
-			eventName: ActivityCreated,
-			object: androidApp,
-			activity,
-			bundle: savedInstanceState,
-		});
-	});
-
-	const subscribeForGlobalLayout = profile('subscribeForGlobalLayout', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
-		const rootView = activity.getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
-		// store the listener not to trigger GC collection before collecting the method
-		global.onGlobalLayoutListener = new android.view.ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener({
-			onGlobalLayout() {
-				appCommon.notify({
-					eventName: appCommon.displayedEvent,
-					object: androidApp,
-					activity,
-				});
-				const viewTreeObserver = rootView.getViewTreeObserver();
-				viewTreeObserver.removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(global.onGlobalLayoutListener);
-			},
-		});
-		rootView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(global.onGlobalLayoutListener);
-	});
-
-	let activitiesStarted = 0;
-	let nativescriptActivity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity = undefined;
-
-	const lifecycleCallbacks = new android.app.Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks(<any>{
-		onActivityCreated: <any>profile('onActivityCreated', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity, savedInstanceState: android.os.Bundle) {
-			setThemeOnLaunch(activity, undefined, undefined);
-
-			if (!androidApp.startActivity) {
-				androidApp.startActivity = activity;
-			}
-
-			if (!nativescriptActivity && (<any>activity)?.isNativeScriptActivity) {
-				nativescriptActivity = activity;
-			}
-
-			notifyActivityCreated(activity, <any>savedInstanceState, undefined);
-
-			if (appCommon.hasListeners(appCommon.displayedEvent)) {
-				subscribeForGlobalLayout(activity, undefined, undefined);
-			}
-		}),
-
-		onActivityDestroyed: <any>profile('onActivityDestroyed', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
-			if (activity === androidApp.foregroundActivity) {
-				androidApp.foregroundActivity = undefined;
-			}
-
-			if (activity === nativescriptActivity) {
-				nativescriptActivity = undefined;
-			}
-
-			if (activity === androidApp.startActivity) {
-				androidApp.startActivity = undefined;
-
-				// Fallback for start activity when it is destroyed but we have a known nativescript activity
-				if (nativescriptActivity) {
-					androidApp.startActivity = nativescriptActivity;
-				}
-			}
-
-			androidApp.notify(<AndroidActivityEventData>{
-				eventName: ActivityDestroyed,
-				object: androidApp,
-				activity: activity,
-			});
-			// TODO: This is a temporary workaround to force the V8's Garbage Collector, which will force the related Java Object to be collected.
-			gc();
-		}),
-
-		onActivityPaused: <any>profile('onActivityPaused', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
-			if ((<any>activity).isNativeScriptActivity) {
-				setSuspended(true);
-				appCommon.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
-					eventName: appCommon.suspendEvent,
-					object: androidApp,
-					android: activity,
-				});
-			}
-
-			androidApp.notify(<AndroidActivityEventData>{
-				eventName: ActivityPaused,
-				object: androidApp,
-				activity: activity,
-			});
-		}),
-
-		onActivityResumed: <any>profile('onActivityResumed', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
-			androidApp.foregroundActivity = activity;
-
-			androidApp.notify(<AndroidActivityEventData>{
-				eventName: ActivityResumed,
-				object: androidApp,
-				activity: activity,
-			});
-		}),
-
-		onActivitySaveInstanceState: <any>profile('onActivitySaveInstanceState', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity, outState: android.os.Bundle) {
-			androidApp.notify(<AndroidActivityBundleEventData>{
-				eventName: SaveActivityState,
-				object: androidApp,
-				activity: activity,
-				bundle: outState,
-			});
-		}),
-
-		onActivityStarted: <any>profile('onActivityStarted', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
-			activitiesStarted++;
-			if (activitiesStarted === 1) {
-				setInBackground(false);
-				appCommon.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
-					eventName: appCommon.foregroundEvent,
-					object: androidApp,
-					android: activity,
-				});
-			}
-			androidApp.notify(<AndroidActivityEventData>{
-				eventName: ActivityStarted,
-				object: androidApp,
-				activity: activity,
-			});
-		}),
-
-		onActivityStopped: <any>profile('onActivityStopped', function (activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
-			activitiesStarted--;
-			if (activitiesStarted === 0) {
-				setInBackground(true);
-				appCommon.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
-					eventName: appCommon.backgroundEvent,
-					object: androidApp,
-					android: activity,
-				});
-			}
-			androidApp.notify(<AndroidActivityEventData>{
-				eventName: ActivityStopped,
-				object: androidApp,
-				activity: activity,
-			});
-		}),
-	});
-
-	return lifecycleCallbacks;
-}
-
-function initComponentCallbacks() {
-	const componentCallbacks = new android.content.ComponentCallbacks2({
-		onLowMemory: <any>profile('onLowMemory', function () {
-			gc();
-			java.lang.System.gc();
-			appCommon.notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
-				eventName: appCommon.lowMemoryEvent,
-				object: this,
-				android: this,
-			});
-		}),
-
-		onTrimMemory: <any>profile('onTrimMemory', function (level: number) {
-			// TODO: This is skipped for now, test carefully for OutOfMemory exceptions
-		}),
-
-		onConfigurationChanged: <any>profile('onConfigurationChanged', function (newConfiguration: android.content.res.Configuration) {
-			const rootView = getRootView();
-			const newOrientation = getOrientationValue(newConfiguration);
-
-			if (androidApp.orientation !== newOrientation) {
-				androidApp.orientation = newOrientation;
-				appCommon.orientationChanged(rootView, newOrientation);
-
-				appCommon.notify(<OrientationChangedEventData>{
-					eventName: appCommon.orientationChangedEvent,
-					android: androidApp.nativeApp,
-					newValue: androidApp.orientation,
-					object: androidApp,
-				});
-
-				return;
-			}
-
-			const newSystemAppearance = getSystemAppearanceValue(newConfiguration);
-
-			if (androidApp.systemAppearance !== newSystemAppearance) {
-				androidApp.systemAppearance = newSystemAppearance;
-				appCommon.systemAppearanceChanged(rootView, newSystemAppearance);
-
-				appCommon.notify(<SystemAppearanceChangedEventData>{
-					eventName: appCommon.systemAppearanceChangedEvent,
-					android: androidApp.nativeApp,
-					newValue: androidApp.systemAppearance,
-					object: androidApp,
-				});
-			}
-		}),
-	});
-
-	return componentCallbacks;
-}
-
-let BroadcastReceiverClass;
-function ensureBroadCastReceiverClass() {
-	if (BroadcastReceiverClass) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	@NativeClass
-	class BroadcastReceiver extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver {
-		private _onReceiveCallback: (context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) => void;
-
-		constructor(onReceiveCallback: (context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) => void) {
-			super();
-			this._onReceiveCallback = onReceiveCallback;
-
-			return global.__native(this);
-		}
-
-		public onReceive(context: android.content.Context, intent: android.content.Intent) {
-			if (this._onReceiveCallback) {
-				this._onReceiveCallback(context, intent);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	BroadcastReceiverClass = BroadcastReceiver;
-}
-
-declare namespace com {
-	namespace tns {
-		class NativeScriptApplication extends android.app.Application {
-			static getInstance(): NativeScriptApplication;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// core exports this symbol so apps may import them in general
-// technically they are only available for use when running that platform
-// helps avoid a webpack nonexistent warning
-export const iOSApplication = undefined;
+export * from './application';
+export * from './application-shims';
diff --git a/packages/core/application/index.d.ts b/packages/core/application/index.d.ts
index 74f0a2aa6..790c27458 100644
--- a/packages/core/application/index.d.ts
+++ b/packages/core/application/index.d.ts
@@ -1,759 +1,2 @@
-import { NavigationEntry } from '../ui/frame';
-import { View } from '../ui/core/view';
-import { Observable, EventData } from '../data/observable';
-
-export * from './application-interfaces';
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to launch event.
- */
-export const launchEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to displayed event.
- */
-export const displayedEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to uncaughtError event.
- */
-export const uncaughtErrorEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to discardedError event.
- */
-export const discardedErrorEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to suspend event.
- */
-export const suspendEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to resume event.
- */
-export const resumeEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to foreground event.
- */
-export const foregroundEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to background event.
- */
-export const backgroundEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to exit event.
- */
-export const exitEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to lowMemory event.
- */
-export const lowMemoryEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to orientationChanged event.
- */
-export const orientationChangedEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to systemAppearanceChanged event.
- */
-export const systemAppearanceChangedEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * String value used when hooking to fontScaleChanged event.
- */
-export const fontScaleChangedEvent: string;
-
-/**
- * Boolean to enable/disable systemAppearanceChanged
- */
-export let autoSystemAppearanceChanged: boolean;
-
-/**
- * enable/disable systemAppearanceChanged
- */
-export function setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged(value: boolean): void;
-
-/**
- * Updates root view classes including those of modals
- * @param rootView the root view
- * @param newSystemAppearance the new appearance change
- */
-export function systemAppearanceChanged(rootView: View, newSystemAppearance: 'dark' | 'light'): void;
-
-/**
- * iOS Only
- * Dynamically change the preferred frame rate
- * For devices (iOS 15+) which support min/max/preferred frame rate you can specify ranges
- * For devices (iOS < 15), you can specify the max frame rate
- * see: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/quartzcore/optimizing_promotion_refresh_rates_for_iphone_13_pro_and_ipad_pro
- * To use, ensure your Info.plist has:
- *   <key>CADisableMinimumFrameDurationOnPhone</key>
- *   <true/>
- * @param options { min?: number; max?: number; preferred?: number }
- */
-export function setMaxRefreshRate(options?: { min?: number; max?: number; preferred?: number }): void;
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information for the application events.
- */
-export interface ApplicationEventData extends EventData {
-	/**
-	 * Gets the native iOS event arguments. Valid only when running on iOS.
-	 */
-	ios?: any;
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the native Android event arguments. Valid only when running on Android.
-	 */
-	android?: any;
-
-	/**
-	 * The name of the event.
-	 */
-	eventName: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * The instance that has raised the event.
-	 */
-	object: any;
-}
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information for launch event.
- */
-export interface LaunchEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	/**
-	 * The root view for this Window on iOS or Activity for Android.
-	 * If not set a new Frame will be created as a root view in order to maintain backwards compatibility.
-	 * If explicitly set to null, there will be no root view.
-	 */
-	root?: View | null;
-
-	savedInstanceState?: any /* android.os.Bundle */;
-}
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information for orientation changed event.
- */
-export interface OrientationChangedEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	/**
-	 * New orientation value.
-	 */
-	newValue: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
-}
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information for system appearance changed event.
- */
-export interface SystemAppearanceChangedEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	/**
-	 * New system appearance value.
-	 */
-	newValue: 'light' | 'dark';
-}
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information for font scale changed event.
- */
-export interface FontScaleChangedEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	/**
-	 * New font scale value.
-	 */
-	newValue: number;
-}
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information about unhandled application errors.
- */
-export interface UnhandledErrorEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	ios?: NativeScriptError;
-	android?: NativeScriptError;
-	error: NativeScriptError;
-}
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information about discarded application errors.
- */
-export interface DiscardedErrorEventData extends ApplicationEventData {
-	error: NativeScriptError;
-}
-
-/**
- * Event data containing information about application css change.
- */
-export interface CssChangedEventData extends EventData {
-	cssFile?: string;
-	cssText?: string;
-}
-
-/**
- * Get main entry specified when calling start function.
- */
-export function getMainEntry(): NavigationEntry;
-
-/**
- * Get current application root view.
- */
-export function getRootView(): View;
-
-/**
- * Get application level static resources.
- */
-export function getResources(): any;
-
-/**
- * Set application level static resources.
- */
-export function setResources(resources: any): void;
-
-/**
- * Sets css file name for the application.
- */
-export function setCssFileName(cssFile: string): void;
-
-/**
- * Gets css file name for the application.
- */
-export function getCssFileName(): string;
-
-/**
- * Ensure css-class is set on rootView
- */
-export function applyCssClass(rootView: View, cssClasses: string[], newCssClass: string): void;
-
-/**
- * Loads immediately the app.css.
- * By default the app.css file is loaded shortly after "loaded".
- * For the Android snapshot the CSS can be parsed during the snapshot generation,
- * as the CSS does not depend on runtime APIs, and loadAppCss will be called explicitly.
- */
-export function loadAppCss();
-
-/**
- * Adds new values to the application styles.
- * @param cssText - A valid styles which will be added to the current application styles.
- * @param attributeScoped - Whether the styles are attribute scoped. Adding attribute scoped styles will not perform a full application styling refresh.
- */
-export function addCss(cssText: string, attributeScoped?: boolean): void;
-
-/**
- * Call this method to run the application. Important: All code after this method call will not be executed!
- * Compared to start this method won't create Frame as root view.
- */
-export function run(entry?: NavigationEntry | string);
-
-/**
- * Call this method to change the root view of your application. Important: Your application must already be running.
- * This method won't create Frame as root view.
- */
-export function _resetRootView(entry?: NavigationEntry | string);
-
-/**
- * Removes listener for the specified event name.
- */
-export function off(eventNames: string, callback?: (eventData: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * Shortcut alias to the removeEventListener method.
- * @param eventNames - String corresponding to events (e.g. "onLaunch").
- * @param callback - Callback function which will be removed.
- * @param thisArg - An optional parameter which will be used as `this` context for callback execution.
- */
-export function off(eventNames: string, callback?: (eventData: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * Notifies all the registered listeners for the event provided in the data.eventName.
- * @param data The data associated with the event.
- */
-export function notify<T extends ApplicationEventData>(data: T): void;
-
-/**
- * Checks whether a listener is registered for the specified event name.
- * @param eventName The name of the event to check for.
- */
-export function hasListeners(eventName: string): boolean;
-
-/**
- * A basic method signature to hook an event listener (shortcut alias to the addEventListener method).
- * @param eventNames - String corresponding to events (e.g. "onLaunch"). Optionally could be used more events separated by `,` (e.g. "onLaunch", "onSuspend").
- * @param callback - Callback function which will be executed when event is raised.
- * @param thisArg - An optional parameter which will be used as `this` context for callback execution.
- */
-export function on(eventNames: string, callback: (args: EventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when application css is changed.
- */
-export function on(event: 'cssChanged', callback: (args: CssChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * Event raised then livesync operation is performed.
- */
-export function on(event: 'livesync', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when application css is changed.
- */
-export function on(event: 'cssChanged', callback: (args: CssChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised on application launchEvent.
- */
-export function on(event: 'launch', callback: (args: LaunchEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised after the application has performed most of its startup actions.
- * Its intent is to be suitable for measuring app startup times.
- * @experimental
- */
-export function on(event: 'displayed', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when the Application is suspended.
- */
-export function on(event: 'suspend', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when the Application is resumed after it has been suspended.
- */
-export function on(event: 'resume', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when the Application is about to exit.
- */
-export function on(event: 'exit', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when there is low memory on the target device.
- */
-export function on(event: 'lowMemory', callback: (args: ApplicationEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when an uncaught error occurs while the application is running.
- */
-export function on(event: 'uncaughtError', callback: (args: UnhandledErrorEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when an discarded error occurs while the application is running.
- */
-export function on(event: 'discardedError', callback: (args: DiscardedErrorEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when the orientation of the application changes.
- */
-export function on(event: 'orientationChanged', callback: (args: OrientationChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * This event is raised when the operating system appearance changes
- * between light and dark theme (for Android);
- * between light and dark mode (for iOS) and vice versa.
- */
-export function on(event: 'systemAppearanceChanged', callback: (args: SystemAppearanceChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-export function on(event: 'fontScaleChanged', callback: (args: FontScaleChangedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-/**
- * Gets the orientation of the application.
- * Available values: "portrait", "landscape", "unknown".
- */
-export function orientation(): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
-
-/**
- * Gets the operating system appearance.
- * Available values: "dark", "light", null.
- * Null for iOS <= 11.
- */
-export function systemAppearance(): 'dark' | 'light' | null;
-
-/**
- * This is the Android-specific application object instance.
- * Encapsulates methods and properties specific to the Android platform.
- * Will be undefined when TargetOS is iOS.
- */
-export let android: AndroidApplication;
-
-/**
- * Used internally for backwards compatibility, will be removed in the future.
- * Allowed Application.android.context to work (or Application.ios). Instead use Utils.android.getApplicationContext() or Utils.android.getPackageName()
- * @internal
- */
-export function ensureNativeApplication(): void;
-
-/**
- * This is the iOS-specific application object instance.
- * Encapsulates methods and properties specific to the iOS platform.
- * Will be undefined when TargetOS is Android.
- */
-export let ios: iOSApplication;
-
-/**
- * Data for the Android activity events.
- */
-export interface AndroidActivityEventData {
-	/**
-	 * The activity.
-	 */
-	activity: any /* androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity */;
-
-	/**
-	 * The name of the event.
-	 */
-	eventName: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * The instance that has raised the event.
-	 */
-	object: any;
-}
-
-/**
- * Data for the Android activity events with bundle.
- */
-export interface AndroidActivityBundleEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	/**
-	 * The bundle.
-	 */
-	bundle: any /* android.os.Bundle */;
-}
-
-/**
- * Data for the Android activity onRequestPermissions callback
- */
-export interface AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	/**
-	 * The request code.
-	 */
-	requestCode: number;
-
-	/**
-	 * The Permissions.
-	 */
-	permissions: Array<string>;
-
-	/**
-	 * The Granted.
-	 */
-	grantResults: Array<number>;
-}
-
-/**
- * Data for the Android activity result event.
- */
-export interface AndroidActivityResultEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	/**
-	 * The request code.
-	 */
-	requestCode: number;
-
-	/**
-	 * The result code.
-	 */
-	resultCode: number;
-
-	/**
-	 * The intent.
-	 */
-	intent: any /* android.content.Intent */;
-}
-
-/**
- * Data for the Android activity newIntent event.
- */
-export interface AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	/**
-	 * The intent.
-	 */
-	intent: any /* android.content.Intent */;
-}
-
-/**
- * Data for the Android activity back pressed event.
- */
-export interface AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData extends AndroidActivityEventData {
-	/**
-	 * In the event handler, set this value to true if you want to cancel the back navigation and do something else instead.
-	 */
-	cancel: boolean;
-}
-
-/**
- * The abstraction of an Android-specific application object.
- */
-export class AndroidApplication extends Observable {
-	/**
-	 * The [android Application](http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Application.html) object instance provided to the init of the module.
-	 */
-	nativeApp: any /* android.app.Application */;
-
-	/**
-	 * The application's [android Context](http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context.html) object instance.
-	 * @deprecated Use Utils.android.getApplicationContext() instead.
-	 */
-	context: any /* android.content.Context */;
-
-	/**
-	 * The currently active (loaded) [android Activity](http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity.html). This property is automatically updated upon Activity events.
-	 */
-	foregroundActivity: any /* androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity */;
-
-	/**
-	 * The main (start) Activity for the application.
-	 */
-	startActivity: any /* androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity */;
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the orientation of the application.
-	 * Available values: "portrait", "landscape", "unknown".
-	 */
-	orientation: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the system appearance.
-	 * Available values: "dark", "light".
-	 */
-	systemAppearance: 'dark' | 'light';
-
-	/**
-	 * The name of the application package.
-	 * @deprecated Use Utils.android.getPackageName() instead.
-	 */
-	packageName: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * True if the main application activity is not running (suspended), false otherwise.
-	 */
-	paused: boolean;
-
-	/**
-	 * True if the main application activity is in background, false otherwise.
-	 */
-	backgrounded: boolean;
-
-	/**
-	 * Initialized the android-specific application object with the native android.app.Application instance.
-	 * This is useful when creating custom application types.
-	 * @param nativeApp - the android.app.Application instance that started the app.
-	 */
-	init: (nativeApp) => void;
-
-	/**
-	 * A basic method signature to hook an event listener (shortcut alias to the addEventListener method).
-	 * @param eventNames - String corresponding to events (e.g. "propertyChange"). Optionally could be used more events separated by `,` (e.g. "propertyChange", "change").
-	 * @param callback - Callback function which will be executed when event is raised.
-	 * @param thisArg - An optional parameter which will be used as `this` context for callback execution.
-	 */
-	on(eventNames: string, callback: (data: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application ActivityCreated.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityCreated', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application ActivityDestroyed.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityDestroyed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application ActivityStarted.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityStarted', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application ActivityPaused.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityPaused', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application ActivityResumed.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityResumed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application ActivityStopped.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityStopped', callback: (args: AndroidActivityEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application SaveActivityState.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'saveActivityState', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBundleEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on android application ActivityResult.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityResult', callback: (args: AndroidActivityResultEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised on the back button is pressed in an android application.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityBackPressed', callback: (args: AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised when the Android app was launched by an Intent with data.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityNewIntent', callback: (args: AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * This event is raised when the Android activity requests permissions.
-	 */
-	on(event: 'activityRequestPermissions', callback: (args: AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData) => void, thisArg?: any): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityCreated event.
-	 */
-	public static activityCreatedEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityDestroyed event.
-	 */
-	public static activityDestroyedEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityStarted event.
-	 */
-	public static activityStartedEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityPaused event.
-	 */
-	public static activityPausedEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityResumed event.
-	 */
-	public static activityResumedEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityStopped event.
-	 */
-	public static activityStoppedEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to saveActivityState event.
-	 */
-	public static saveActivityStateEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityResult event.
-	 */
-	public static activityResultEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityBackPressed event.
-	 */
-	public static activityBackPressedEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to activityNewIntent event.
-	 */
-	public static activityNewIntentEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * String value used when hooking to requestPermissions event.
-	 */
-	public static activityRequestPermissionsEvent: string;
-
-	/**
-	 * Get a registered BroadcastReceiver, then you can get the result code of BroadcastReceiver in onReceiveCallback method.
-	 * @param intentFilter A string containing the intent filter.
-	 */
-	public getRegisteredBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): any; /* android.content.BroadcastReceiver */
-
-	/**
-	 * Register a BroadcastReceiver to be run in the main activity thread. The receiver will be called with any broadcast Intent that matches filter, in the main application thread.
-	 * For more information, please visit 'http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context.html#registerReceiver%28android.content.BroadcastReceiver,%20android.content.IntentFilter%29'
-	 * @param intentFilter A string containing the intent filter.
-	 * @param onReceiveCallback A callback function that will be called each time the receiver receives a broadcast.
-	 */
-	registerBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string, onReceiveCallback: (context: any /* android.content.Context */, intent: any /* android.content.Intent */) => void): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * Unregister a previously registered BroadcastReceiver.
-	 * For more information, please visit 'http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Context.html#unregisterReceiver(android.content.BroadcastReceiver)'
-	 * @param intentFilter A string containing the intent filter with which the receiver was originally registered.
-	 */
-	unregisterBroadcastReceiver(intentFilter: string): void;
-}
-
-/* tslint:disable */
-/**
- * The abstraction of an iOS-specific application object.
- */
-export class iOSApplication {
-	/* tslint:enable */
-	/**
-	 * The root view controller for the application.
-	 */
-	rootController: any /* UIViewController */;
-
-	/* tslint:enable */
-	/**
-	 * The key window.
-	 */
-	window: any /* UIWindow */;
-
-	/**
-	 * The [UIApplicationDelegate](https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/UIApplicationDelegate_Protocol/index.html) class.
-	 */
-	delegate: any /* typeof UIApplicationDelegate */;
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets or sets the orientation of the application.
-	 * Available values: "portrait", "landscape", "unknown".
-	 */
-	orientation: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the system appearance.
-	 * Available values: "dark", "light", null.
-	 * Null for iOS <= 11.
-	 */
-	systemAppearance: 'dark' | 'light' | null;
-
-	/**
-	 * The [UIApplication](https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/UIApplication_Class/index.html).
-	 */
-	nativeApp: any /* UIApplication */;
-
-	/**
-	 * Adds an observer to the default notification center for the specified notification.
-	 * For more information, please visit 'https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/Foundation/Classes/NSNotificationCenter_Class/#//apple_ref/occ/instm/NSNotificationCenter/addObserver:selector:name:object:'
-	 * @param notificationName A string containing the name of the notification.
-	 * @param onReceiveCallback A callback function that will be called each time the observer receives a notification.
-	 */
-	addNotificationObserver(notificationName: string, onReceiveCallback: (notification: any /* NSNotification */) => void): any;
-
-	/**
-	 * Removes the observer for the specified notification from the default notification center.
-	 * For more information, please visit 'https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/Foundation/Classes/NSNotificationCenter_Class/#//apple_ref/occ/instm/NSNotificationCenter/addObserver:selector:name:object:'
-	 * @param observer The observer that was returned from the addNotificationObserver method.
-	 * @param notificationName A string containing the name of the notification.
-	 * @param onReceiveCallback A callback function that will be called each time the observer receives a notification.
-	 */
-	removeNotificationObserver(observer: any, notificationName: string): void;
-}
-
-/**
- * @deprecated
- */
-export interface RootViewControllerImpl {
-	contentController: any;
-}
-
-export function getNativeApplication(): any;
-
-/**
- * Indicates if the application is allready launched. See also the `application.on("launch", handler)` event.
- */
-export function hasLaunched(): boolean;
-
-export interface LoadAppCSSEventData extends EventData {
-	cssFile: string;
-}
+export * from './application';
+export * from './application-shims';
diff --git a/packages/core/application/index.ios.ts b/packages/core/application/index.ios.ts
index 5618d723d..790c27458 100644
--- a/packages/core/application/index.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/application/index.ios.ts
@@ -1,598 +1,2 @@
-// Types
-import { iOSApplication as iOSApplicationDefinition } from '.';
-import { ApplicationEventData, CssChangedEventData, LaunchEventData, LoadAppCSSEventData, OrientationChangedEventData, SystemAppearanceChangedEventData } from './application-interfaces';
-
-// TODO: explain why we need to this or remov it
-// Use requires to ensure order of imports is maintained
-const { backgroundEvent, displayedEvent, exitEvent, foregroundEvent, getCssFileName, launchEvent, livesync, lowMemoryEvent, notify, on, orientationChanged, orientationChangedEvent, resumeEvent, setApplication, suspendEvent, systemAppearanceChanged, systemAppearanceChangedEvent } = require('./application-common') as typeof import('./application-common');
-// First reexport so that app module is initialized.
-export * from './application-common';
-
-import { View } from '../ui/core/view';
-import { NavigationEntry } from '../ui/frame/frame-interfaces';
-// TODO: Remove this and get it from global to decouple builder for angular
-import { Builder } from '../ui/builder';
-import { CSSUtils } from '../css/system-classes';
-import { IOSHelper } from '../ui/core/view/view-helper';
-import { Device } from '../platform';
-import { profile } from '../profiling';
-import { iOSNativeHelper } from '../utils';
-import { initAccessibilityCssHelper } from '../accessibility/accessibility-css-helper';
-import { initAccessibilityFontScale } from '../accessibility/font-scale';
-import { inBackground, setInBackground, setSuspended, suspended } from './application-common';
-
-const IOS_PLATFORM = 'ios';
-
-const getVisibleViewController = iOSNativeHelper.getVisibleViewController;
-const majorVersion = iOSNativeHelper.MajorVersion;
-
-// NOTE: UIResponder with implementation of window - related to https://github.com/NativeScript/ios-runtime/issues/430
-// TODO: Refactor the UIResponder to use Typescript extends when this issue is resolved:
-// https://github.com/NativeScript/ios-runtime/issues/1012
-
-const Responder = (<any>UIResponder).extend(
-	{
-		get window() {
-			return iosApp ? iosApp.window : undefined;
-		},
-		set window(setWindow) {
-			// NOOP
-		},
-	},
-	{
-		protocols: [UIApplicationDelegate],
-	}
-);
-
-@NativeClass
-class NotificationObserver extends NSObject {
-	private _onReceiveCallback: (notification: NSNotification) => void;
-
-	public static initWithCallback(onReceiveCallback: (notification: NSNotification) => void): NotificationObserver {
-		const observer = <NotificationObserver>super.new();
-		observer._onReceiveCallback = onReceiveCallback;
-
-		return observer;
-	}
-
-	public onReceive(notification: NSNotification): void {
-		this._onReceiveCallback(notification);
-	}
-
-	public static ObjCExposedMethods = {
-		onReceive: { returns: interop.types.void, params: [NSNotification] },
-	};
-}
-
-let displayedOnce = false;
-let displayedLinkTarget;
-let displayedLink;
-
-@NativeClass
-class CADisplayLinkTarget extends NSObject {
-	onDisplayed(link: CADisplayLink) {
-		link.invalidate();
-		const ios = UIApplication.sharedApplication;
-		const object = iosApp;
-		displayedOnce = true;
-		notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
-			eventName: displayedEvent,
-			object,
-			ios,
-		});
-		displayedLinkTarget = null;
-		displayedLink = null;
-	}
-	public static ObjCExposedMethods = {
-		onDisplayed: { returns: interop.types.void, params: [CADisplayLink] },
-	};
-}
-
-export function setMaxRefreshRate(options?: { min?: number; max?: number; preferred?: number }) {
-	const adjustRefreshRate = function () {
-		if (displayedLink) {
-			const minFrameRateDisabled = NSBundle.mainBundle.objectForInfoDictionaryKey('CADisableMinimumFrameDurationOnPhone');
-			if (minFrameRateDisabled) {
-				let max = 120;
-				const deviceMaxFrames = UIScreen.mainScreen?.maximumFramesPerSecond;
-				if (options?.max) {
-					if (deviceMaxFrames) {
-						// iOS 10.3
-						max = options.max <= deviceMaxFrames ? options.max : deviceMaxFrames;
-					} else if (displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond) {
-						// iOS 10.0
-						max = options.max <= displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond ? options.max : displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond;
-					}
-				}
-
-				if (iOSNativeHelper.MajorVersion >= 15) {
-					const min = options?.min || max / 2;
-					const preferred = options?.preferred || max;
-					displayedLink.preferredFrameRateRange = CAFrameRateRangeMake(min, max, preferred);
-				} else {
-					displayedLink.preferredFramesPerSecond = max;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	};
-	if (!displayedOnce) {
-		displayedLinkTarget = <CADisplayLink>CADisplayLinkTarget.new();
-		displayedLink = CADisplayLink.displayLinkWithTargetSelector(displayedLinkTarget, 'onDisplayed');
-		adjustRefreshRate();
-		displayedLink.addToRunLoopForMode(NSRunLoop.mainRunLoop, NSDefaultRunLoopMode);
-		displayedLink.addToRunLoopForMode(NSRunLoop.mainRunLoop, UITrackingRunLoopMode);
-	} else {
-		adjustRefreshRate();
-	}
-}
-
-/* tslint:disable */
-export class iOSApplication implements iOSApplicationDefinition {
-	/* tslint:enable */
-	private _backgroundColor = majorVersion <= 12 || !UIColor.systemBackgroundColor ? UIColor.whiteColor : UIColor.systemBackgroundColor;
-	private _delegate: typeof UIApplicationDelegate;
-	private _window: UIWindow;
-	private _observers: Array<NotificationObserver>;
-	private _orientation: 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown';
-	private _rootView: View;
-	private _systemAppearance: 'light' | 'dark';
-
-	get paused() {
-		return suspended;
-	}
-	get backgrounded() {
-		return inBackground;
-	}
-
-	constructor() {
-		this._observers = new Array<NotificationObserver>();
-		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification, this.didFinishLaunchingWithOptions.bind(this));
-		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification, this.didBecomeActive.bind(this));
-		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification, this.didEnterBackground.bind(this));
-		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationWillTerminateNotification, this.willTerminate.bind(this));
-		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidReceiveMemoryWarningNotification, this.didReceiveMemoryWarning.bind(this));
-		this.addNotificationObserver(UIApplicationDidChangeStatusBarOrientationNotification, this.didChangeStatusBarOrientation.bind(this));
-	}
-
-	get orientation(): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
-		if (!this._orientation) {
-			const statusBarOrientation = UIApplication.sharedApplication.statusBarOrientation;
-			this._orientation = this.getOrientationValue(statusBarOrientation);
-		}
-
-		return this._orientation;
-	}
-
-	get rootController(): UIViewController {
-		if (NativeScriptEmbedder.sharedInstance().delegate && !this._window) {
-			this._window = UIApplication.sharedApplication.keyWindow;
-		}
-		return this._window.rootViewController;
-	}
-
-	get systemAppearance(): 'light' | 'dark' | null {
-		// userInterfaceStyle is available on UITraitCollection since iOS 12.
-		if (majorVersion <= 11) {
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		if (!this._systemAppearance) {
-			const userInterfaceStyle = this.rootController.traitCollection.userInterfaceStyle;
-			this._systemAppearance = getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle);
-		}
-
-		return this._systemAppearance;
-	}
-
-	get nativeApp(): UIApplication {
-		return UIApplication.sharedApplication;
-	}
-
-	get window(): UIWindow {
-		return this._window;
-	}
-
-	get delegate(): typeof UIApplicationDelegate {
-		return this._delegate;
-	}
-
-	set delegate(value: typeof UIApplicationDelegate) {
-		if (this._delegate !== value) {
-			this._delegate = value;
-		}
-	}
-
-	get rootView(): View {
-		return this._rootView;
-	}
-
-	public setSystemAppearance(value: 'light' | 'dark' | null) {
-		if (this.systemAppearance !== value) {
-			this._systemAppearance = value;
-			systemAppearanceChanged(this.rootView, value);
-			notify(<SystemAppearanceChangedEventData>{
-				eventName: systemAppearanceChangedEvent,
-				ios: this,
-				newValue: iosApp.systemAppearance,
-				object: this,
-			});
-		}
-	}
-
-	public addNotificationObserver(notificationName: string, onReceiveCallback: (notification: NSNotification) => void): NotificationObserver {
-		const observer = NotificationObserver.initWithCallback(onReceiveCallback);
-		NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter.addObserverSelectorNameObject(observer, 'onReceive', notificationName, null);
-		this._observers.push(observer);
-
-		return observer;
-	}
-
-	public removeNotificationObserver(observer: any, notificationName: string) {
-		const index = this._observers.indexOf(observer);
-		if (index >= 0) {
-			this._observers.splice(index, 1);
-			NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter.removeObserverNameObject(observer, notificationName, null);
-		}
-	}
-
-	@profile
-	private didFinishLaunchingWithOptions(notification: NSNotification) {
-		setMaxRefreshRate();
-
-		this._window = UIWindow.alloc().initWithFrame(UIScreen.mainScreen.bounds);
-		// TODO: Expose Window module so that it can we styled from XML & CSS
-		this._window.backgroundColor = this._backgroundColor;
-
-		this.notifyAppStarted(notification);
-	}
-
-	public notifyAppStarted(notification?: NSNotification) {
-		const args: LaunchEventData = {
-			eventName: launchEvent,
-			object: this,
-			ios: notification?.userInfo?.objectForKey('UIApplicationLaunchOptionsLocalNotificationKey') || null,
-		};
-
-		notify(args);
-		notify(<LoadAppCSSEventData>{
-			eventName: 'loadAppCss',
-			object: <any>this,
-			cssFile: getCssFileName(),
-		});
-
-		if (this._window) {
-			if (args.root !== null && !NativeScriptEmbedder.sharedInstance().delegate) {
-				this.setWindowContent(args.root);
-			}
-		} else {
-			this._window = UIApplication.sharedApplication.keyWindow;
-		}
-	}
-
-	@profile
-	private didBecomeActive(notification: NSNotification) {
-		const ios = UIApplication.sharedApplication;
-		const object = this;
-		setInBackground(false);
-		setSuspended(false);
-		notify(<ApplicationEventData>{ eventName: resumeEvent, object, ios });
-		notify(<ApplicationEventData>{ eventName: foregroundEvent, object, ios });
-		const rootView = this._rootView;
-		if (rootView && !rootView.isLoaded) {
-			rootView.callLoaded();
-		}
-	}
-
-	private didEnterBackground(notification: NSNotification) {
-		const ios = UIApplication.sharedApplication;
-		const object = this;
-		setInBackground(true);
-		setSuspended(true);
-		notify(<ApplicationEventData>{ eventName: suspendEvent, object, ios });
-		notify(<ApplicationEventData>{ eventName: backgroundEvent, object, ios });
-		const rootView = this._rootView;
-		if (rootView && rootView.isLoaded) {
-			rootView.callUnloaded();
-		}
-	}
-
-	private willTerminate(notification: NSNotification) {
-		notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
-			eventName: exitEvent,
-			object: this,
-			ios: UIApplication.sharedApplication,
-		});
-		const rootView = this._rootView;
-		if (rootView && rootView.isLoaded) {
-			rootView.callUnloaded();
-		}
-	}
-
-	private didChangeStatusBarOrientation(notification: NSNotification) {
-		const statusBarOrientation = UIApplication.sharedApplication.statusBarOrientation;
-		const newOrientation = this.getOrientationValue(statusBarOrientation);
-
-		if (this._orientation !== newOrientation) {
-			this._orientation = newOrientation;
-			orientationChanged(getRootView(), newOrientation);
-
-			notify(<OrientationChangedEventData>{
-				eventName: orientationChangedEvent,
-				ios: this,
-				newValue: this._orientation,
-				object: this,
-			});
-		}
-	}
-
-	private didReceiveMemoryWarning(notification: NSNotification) {
-		notify(<ApplicationEventData>{
-			eventName: lowMemoryEvent,
-			object: this,
-			ios: UIApplication.sharedApplication,
-		});
-	}
-
-	private getOrientationValue(orientation: number): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
-		switch (orientation) {
-			case UIInterfaceOrientation.LandscapeRight:
-			case UIInterfaceOrientation.LandscapeLeft:
-				return 'landscape';
-			case UIInterfaceOrientation.PortraitUpsideDown:
-			case UIInterfaceOrientation.Portrait:
-				return 'portrait';
-			case UIInterfaceOrientation.Unknown:
-				return 'unknown';
-		}
-	}
-
-	public _onLivesync(context?: ModuleContext): void {
-		// Handle application root module
-		const isAppRootModuleChanged = context && context.path && context.path.includes(getMainEntry().moduleName) && context.type !== 'style';
-
-		// Set window content when:
-		// + Application root module is changed
-		// + View did not handle the change
-		// Note:
-		// The case when neither app root module is changed, nor livesync is handled on View,
-		// then changes will not apply until navigate forward to the module.
-		if (isAppRootModuleChanged || (this._rootView && !this._rootView._onLivesync(context))) {
-			this.setWindowContent();
-		}
-	}
-
-	public setWindowContent(view?: View): void {
-		if (this._rootView) {
-			// if we already have a root view, we reset it.
-			this._rootView._onRootViewReset();
-		}
-		const rootView = createRootView(view);
-		const controller = getViewController(rootView);
-
-		this._rootView = rootView;
-
-		// setup view as styleScopeHost
-		rootView._setupAsRootView({});
-
-		setViewControllerView(rootView);
-
-		const haveController = this._window.rootViewController !== null;
-		this._window.rootViewController = controller;
-
-		setRootViewsSystemAppearanceCssClass(rootView);
-
-		if (!haveController) {
-			this._window.makeKeyAndVisible();
-		}
-
-		rootView.on(IOSHelper.traitCollectionColorAppearanceChangedEvent, () => {
-			const userInterfaceStyle = controller.traitCollection.userInterfaceStyle;
-			const newSystemAppearance = getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle);
-
-			this.setSystemAppearance(newSystemAppearance);
-		});
-	}
-}
-
-/* tslint:disable */
-let iosApp: iOSApplication;
-/* tslint:enable */
-export { iosApp as ios };
-
-export function ensureNativeApplication() {
-	if (!iosApp) {
-		iosApp = new iOSApplication();
-		setApplication(iosApp);
-	}
-}
-
-// attach on global, so it can be overwritten in NativeScript Angular
-global.__onLiveSyncCore = function (context?: ModuleContext) {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	iosApp._onLivesync(context);
-};
-
-let mainEntry: NavigationEntry;
-
-function createRootView(v?: View) {
-	let rootView = v;
-	if (!rootView) {
-		// try to navigate to the mainEntry (if specified)
-		if (!mainEntry) {
-			throw new Error('Main entry is missing. App cannot be started. Verify app bootstrap.');
-		} else {
-			// console.log('createRootView mainEntry:', mainEntry);
-			rootView = Builder.createViewFromEntry(mainEntry);
-		}
-	}
-	// console.log('createRootView rootView:', rootView);
-
-	setRootViewsCssClasses(rootView);
-
-	return rootView;
-}
-
-export function getMainEntry() {
-	return mainEntry;
-}
-
-export function getRootView() {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	return iosApp.rootView;
-}
-
-let started = false;
-export function run(entry?: string | NavigationEntry) {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-
-	mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
-	started = true;
-
-	if (!iosApp.nativeApp) {
-		// Normal NativeScript app will need UIApplicationMain.
-		UIApplicationMain(0, null, null, iosApp && iosApp.delegate ? NSStringFromClass(<any>iosApp.delegate) : NSStringFromClass(Responder));
-	} else {
-		// TODO: this rootView should be held alive until rootController dismissViewController is called.
-		const rootView = createRootView();
-		if (rootView) {
-			// Attach to the existing iOS app
-			const window = iosApp.nativeApp.keyWindow || (iosApp.nativeApp.windows.count > 0 && iosApp.nativeApp.windows[0]);
-			if (window) {
-				const rootController = window.rootViewController;
-				if (rootController) {
-					const controller = getViewController(rootView);
-					rootView._setupAsRootView({});
-					const embedderDelegate = NativeScriptEmbedder.sharedInstance().delegate;
-					if (embedderDelegate) {
-						setViewControllerView(rootView);
-						embedderDelegate.presentNativeScriptApp(controller);
-					} else {
-						const visibleVC = getVisibleViewController(rootController);
-						visibleVC.presentViewControllerAnimatedCompletion(controller, true, null);
-					}
-
-					// Mind root view CSS classes in future work
-					// on embedding NativeScript applications
-					setRootViewsSystemAppearanceCssClass(rootView);
-					rootView.on(IOSHelper.traitCollectionColorAppearanceChangedEvent, () => {
-						const userInterfaceStyle = controller.traitCollection.userInterfaceStyle;
-						const newSystemAppearance = getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle);
-
-						iosApp.setSystemAppearance(newSystemAppearance);
-					});
-					iosApp.notifyAppStarted();
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	initAccessibilityCssHelper();
-	initAccessibilityFontScale();
-}
-
-export function addCss(cssText: string, attributeScoped?: boolean): void {
-	notify(<CssChangedEventData>{
-		eventName: 'cssChanged',
-		object: <any>iosApp,
-		cssText: cssText,
-	});
-	if (!attributeScoped) {
-		const rootView = getRootView();
-		if (rootView) {
-			rootView._onCssStateChange();
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-export function _resetRootView(entry?: NavigationEntry | string) {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	mainEntry = typeof entry === 'string' ? { moduleName: entry } : entry;
-	iosApp.setWindowContent();
-}
-
-export function getNativeApplication(): UIApplication {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	return iosApp.nativeApp;
-}
-
-function getSystemAppearanceValue(userInterfaceStyle: number): 'dark' | 'light' {
-	switch (userInterfaceStyle) {
-		case UIUserInterfaceStyle.Dark:
-			return 'dark';
-		case UIUserInterfaceStyle.Light:
-		case UIUserInterfaceStyle.Unspecified:
-			return 'light';
-	}
-}
-
-function getViewController(rootView: View): UIViewController {
-	let viewController: UIViewController = rootView.viewController || rootView.ios;
-
-	if (!(viewController instanceof UIViewController)) {
-		// We set UILayoutViewController dynamically to the root view if it doesn't have a view controller
-		// At the moment the root view doesn't have its native view created. We set it in the setViewControllerView func
-		viewController = IOSHelper.UILayoutViewController.initWithOwner(new WeakRef(rootView)) as UIViewController;
-		rootView.viewController = viewController;
-	}
-
-	return viewController;
-}
-
-function setViewControllerView(view: View): void {
-	const viewController: UIViewController = view.viewController || view.ios;
-	const nativeView = view.ios || view.nativeViewProtected;
-
-	if (!nativeView || !viewController) {
-		throw new Error('Root should be either UIViewController or UIView');
-	}
-
-	if (viewController instanceof IOSHelper.UILayoutViewController) {
-		viewController.view.addSubview(nativeView);
-	}
-}
-
-function setRootViewsCssClasses(rootView: View): void {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	const deviceType = Device.deviceType.toLowerCase();
-
-	CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${IOS_PLATFORM}`);
-	CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${deviceType}`);
-	CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${iosApp.orientation}`);
-
-	rootView.cssClasses.add(CSSUtils.ROOT_VIEW_CSS_CLASS);
-	const rootViewCssClasses = CSSUtils.getSystemCssClasses();
-	rootViewCssClasses.forEach((c) => rootView.cssClasses.add(c));
-}
-
-function setRootViewsSystemAppearanceCssClass(rootView: View): void {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	if (majorVersion >= 13) {
-		const systemAppearanceCssClass = `${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${iosApp.systemAppearance}`;
-		CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(systemAppearanceCssClass);
-		rootView.cssClasses.add(systemAppearanceCssClass);
-	}
-}
-
-export function orientation(): 'portrait' | 'landscape' | 'unknown' {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	return iosApp.orientation;
-}
-
-export function systemAppearance(): 'dark' | 'light' {
-	ensureNativeApplication();
-	return iosApp.systemAppearance;
-}
-
-global.__onLiveSync = function __onLiveSync(context?: ModuleContext) {
-	if (!started) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	const rootView = getRootView();
-	livesync(rootView, context);
-};
-
-// core exports this symbol so apps may import them in general
-// technically they are only available for use when running that platform
-// helps avoid a webpack nonexistent warning
-export const AndroidApplication = undefined;
+export * from './application';
+export * from './application-shims';
diff --git a/packages/core/connectivity/index.android.ts b/packages/core/connectivity/index.android.ts
index e3f4c7c48..869036157 100644
--- a/packages/core/connectivity/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/connectivity/index.android.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { android as androidApp, getNativeApplication } from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import { SDK_VERSION } from '../utils/constants';
 
 export enum connectionType {
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const vpn = 'vpn';
 
 // Get Connection Type
 function getConnectivityManager(): android.net.ConnectivityManager {
-	return getNativeApplication().getApplicationContext().getSystemService(android.content.Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
+	return Application.android.getNativeApplication().getApplicationContext().getSystemService(android.content.Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
 }
 
 function getActiveNetworkInfo(): android.net.NetworkInfo {
@@ -129,10 +129,9 @@ export function startMonitoring(connectionTypeChangedCallback: (newConnectionTyp
 				const zoneCallback = zonedCallback(connectionTypeChangedCallback);
 				zoneCallback(newConnectionType);
 			};
-			const ConnectivityManager = android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 			if (!networkCallback) {
 				@NativeClass
-				class NetworkCallbackImpl extends ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback {
+				class NetworkCallbackImpl extends android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback {
 					onCapabilitiesChanged(network: android.net.Network, networkCapabilities: android.net.NetworkCapabilities) {
 						if (notifyCallback) {
 							notifyCallback(network, networkCapabilities);
@@ -172,6 +171,6 @@ export function stopMonitoring(): void {
 			callback = null;
 		}
 	} else {
-		androidApp.unregisterBroadcastReceiver(android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION);
+		Application.android.unregisterBroadcastReceiver(android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/core/file-system/file-system-access.android.ts b/packages/core/file-system/file-system-access.android.ts
index 979e09283..ba443560f 100644
--- a/packages/core/file-system/file-system-access.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/file-system/file-system-access.android.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import * as textModule from '../text';
-import { getNativeApplication } from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import { getFileExtension } from '../utils';
 import { SDK_VERSION } from '../utils/constants';
 
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import type { IFileSystemAccess } from './file-system-access';
 let applicationContext: android.content.Context;
 function getApplicationContext() {
 	if (!applicationContext) {
-		applicationContext = (<android.app.Application>getNativeApplication()).getApplicationContext();
+		applicationContext = Application.android.getNativeApplication().getApplicationContext();
 	}
 
 	return applicationContext;
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ export class FileSystemAccess implements IFileSystemAccess {
 			// TODO: bufferedReader.read(CharBuffer) does not currently work
 			let line = undefined;
 			let result = '';
-			while (true) {
+			while (line !== null) {
 				line = bufferedReader.readLine();
 				if (line === null) {
 					break;
diff --git a/packages/core/file-system/index.ts b/packages/core/file-system/index.ts
index 79110ed6a..1ec427710 100644
--- a/packages/core/file-system/index.ts
+++ b/packages/core/file-system/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { IFileSystemAccess, FileSystemAccess, FileSystemAccess29 } from './file-system-access';
-import { SDK_VERSION } from '../utils/constants';
-import { getNativeApplication } from '../application';
+import { SDK_VERSION } from '../utils';
+import { Application } from '../application';
+
 // The FileSystemAccess implementation, used through all the APIs.
 let fileAccess: IFileSystemAccess;
 
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ export class FileSystemEntity {
 let applicationContext;
 function getApplicationContext() {
 	if (!applicationContext) {
-		applicationContext = (<android.app.Application>getNativeApplication()).getApplicationContext();
+		applicationContext = Application.android.getNativeApplication().getApplicationContext();
 	}
 
 	return applicationContext;
@@ -1029,7 +1030,10 @@ export namespace knownFolders {
 			return _sharedPublic;
 		}
 
-		function getExistingFolderInfo(pathDirectory: any /* NSSearchPathDirectory */): { folder: Folder; path: string } {
+		function getExistingFolderInfo(pathDirectory: any /* NSSearchPathDirectory */): {
+			folder: Folder;
+			path: string;
+		} {
 			const fileAccess = <any>getFileAccess();
 			const folderPath = fileAccess.getKnownPath(pathDirectory);
 			const folderInfo = fileAccess.getExistingFolder(folderPath);
diff --git a/packages/core/image-source/index.android.ts b/packages/core/image-source/index.android.ts
index b331ad651..ca89f8524 100644
--- a/packages/core/image-source/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/image-source/index.android.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import * as httpModule from '../http';
 // Types.
 import { path as fsPath, knownFolders } from '../file-system';
 import { isFileOrResourcePath, RESOURCE_PREFIX, layout } from '../utils';
-import { getNativeApplication } from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import { Font } from '../ui/styling/font';
 import { Color } from '../color';
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ let resources: android.content.res.Resources;
 
 function getApplication() {
 	if (!application) {
-		application = <android.app.Application>getNativeApplication();
+		application = Application.android.getNativeApplication();
 	}
 
 	return application;
diff --git a/packages/core/index.d.ts b/packages/core/index.d.ts
index c25e9d2d7..2d740fafa 100644
--- a/packages/core/index.d.ts
+++ b/packages/core/index.d.ts
@@ -6,77 +6,26 @@
  * Once issue is resolve we can remove this index.d.ts from repo and go back to auto generation on tsc
  */
 export type { NativeScriptConfig } from './config';
-export { iOSApplication, AndroidApplication } from './application';
-export type { ApplicationEventData, LaunchEventData, OrientationChangedEventData, UnhandledErrorEventData, DiscardedErrorEventData, CssChangedEventData, LoadAppCSSEventData, AndroidActivityEventData, AndroidActivityBundleEventData, AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData, AndroidActivityResultEventData, AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData, AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData, SystemAppearanceChangedEventData } from './application';
-import { AndroidApplication, iOSApplication, systemAppearanceChanged, getMainEntry, getRootView, _resetRootView, getResources, setResources, setCssFileName, getCssFileName, loadAppCss, addCss, on, off, notify, hasListeners, run, orientation, getNativeApplication, hasLaunched, systemAppearance, setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged, setMaxRefreshRate } from './application';
-export declare const Application: {
-	launchEvent: string;
-	displayedEvent: string;
-	uncaughtErrorEvent: string;
-	discardedErrorEvent: string;
-	suspendEvent: string;
-	resumeEvent: string;
-	exitEvent: string;
-	foregroundEvent: string;
-	backgroundEvent: string;
-	lowMemoryEvent: string;
-	orientationChangedEvent: string;
-	systemAppearanceChangedEvent: string;
-	fontScaleChangedEvent: string;
-	systemAppearanceChanged: typeof systemAppearanceChanged;
-	setMaxRefreshRate: typeof setMaxRefreshRate;
-	getMainEntry: typeof getMainEntry;
-	getRootView: typeof getRootView;
-	resetRootView: typeof _resetRootView;
-	getResources: typeof getResources;
-	setResources: typeof setResources;
-	setCssFileName: typeof setCssFileName;
-	getCssFileName: typeof getCssFileName;
-	loadAppCss: typeof loadAppCss;
-	addCss: typeof addCss;
-	on: typeof on;
-	off: typeof off;
-	notify: typeof notify;
-	hasListeners: typeof hasListeners;
-	run: typeof run;
-	orientation: typeof orientation;
-	getNativeApplication: typeof getNativeApplication;
-	hasLaunched: typeof hasLaunched;
-	systemAppearance: typeof systemAppearance;
-	setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged: typeof setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged;
-	android: AndroidApplication;
-	ios: iOSApplication;
-	suspended: boolean;
-	inBackground: boolean;
-};
-import { setString, getString, clear, flush, getAllKeys, getBoolean, getNumber, hasKey, remove, setBoolean, setNumber } from './application-settings';
-export declare const ApplicationSettings: {
-	clear: typeof clear;
-	flush: typeof flush;
-	hasKey: typeof hasKey;
-	remove: typeof remove;
-	setString: typeof setString;
-	getString: typeof getString;
-	getAllKeys: typeof getAllKeys;
-	getBoolean: typeof getBoolean;
-	setBoolean: typeof setBoolean;
-	getNumber: typeof getNumber;
-	setNumber: typeof setNumber;
-};
-export declare const AccessibilityEvents: {
-	accessibilityBlurEvent: string;
-	accessibilityFocusEvent: string;
-	accessibilityFocusChangedEvent: string;
-};
+
+export * from './application';
+export * as ApplicationSettings from './application-settings';
+import * as Accessibility from './accessibility';
+export namespace AccessibilityEvents {
+	export const accessibilityBlurEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityBlurEvent;
+	export const accessibilityFocusEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityFocusEvent;
+	export const accessibilityFocusChangedEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityFocusChangedEvent;
+	export const accessibilityPerformEscapeEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityPerformEscapeEvent;
+}
 export { AccessibilityLiveRegion, AccessibilityRole, AccessibilityState, AccessibilityTrait, FontScaleCategory } from './accessibility';
 export { Color } from './color';
-import { connectionType, getConnectionType, startMonitoring, stopMonitoring } from './connectivity';
-export declare const Connectivity: {
-	connectionType: typeof connectionType;
-	getConnectionType: typeof getConnectionType;
-	startMonitoring: typeof startMonitoring;
-	stopMonitoring: typeof stopMonitoring;
-};
+export * as Connectivity from './connectivity';
+// import { connectionType, getConnectionType, startMonitoring, stopMonitoring } from './connectivity';
+// export declare const Connectivity: {
+// 	connectionType: typeof connectionType;
+// 	getConnectionType: typeof getConnectionType;
+// 	startMonitoring: typeof startMonitoring;
+// 	stopMonitoring: typeof stopMonitoring;
+// };
 export * from './core-types';
 export { CSSUtils } from './css/system-classes';
 export { ObservableArray, ChangeType } from './data/observable-array';
@@ -87,14 +36,7 @@ export { VirtualArray } from './data/virtual-array';
 export type { ItemsLoading } from './data/virtual-array';
 export { File, FileSystemEntity, Folder, knownFolders, path, getFileAccess, AndroidDirectory } from './file-system';
 export type { HttpRequestOptions, HttpResponse, Headers, HttpResponseEncoding, HttpContent } from './http';
-import { getFile, getImage, getJSON, getString as httpGetString } from './http';
-export declare const Http: {
-	getFile: typeof getFile;
-	getImage: typeof getImage;
-	getJSON: typeof getJSON;
-	getString: typeof httpGetString;
-	request: (options: import('./http').HttpRequestOptions) => Promise<import('./http').HttpResponse>;
-};
+export * as Http from './http';
 export { ImageAsset } from './image-asset';
 export type { ImageAssetOptions } from './image-asset';
 export { ImageSource } from './image-source';
@@ -107,65 +49,6 @@ export type { InstrumentationMode, TimerInfo } from './profiling';
 export { encoding } from './text';
 export * from './trace';
 export * from './ui';
-import { GC, isFontIconURI, isDataURI, isFileOrResourcePath, executeOnMainThread, mainThreadify, isMainThread, dispatchToMainThread, executeOnUIThread, releaseNativeObject, getModuleName, openFile, openUrl, isRealDevice, layout, ad as androidUtils, iOSNativeHelper as iosUtils, Source, escapeRegexSymbols, convertString, dismissSoftInput, dismissKeyboard, queueMacrotask, queueGC, throttle, debounce, dataSerialize, dataDeserialize, copyToClipboard, getFileExtension, isEmoji, getDurationWithDampingFromSpring } from './utils';
-import { SDK_VERSION } from './utils/constants';
-import { ClassInfo, getClass, getBaseClasses, getClassInfo, isBoolean, isDefined, isFunction, isNullOrUndefined, isNumber, isObject, isString, isUndefined, toUIString, verifyCallback, numberHasDecimals, numberIs64Bit } from './utils/types';
-export declare const Utils: {
-	GC: typeof GC;
-	SDK_VERSION: typeof SDK_VERSION;
-	RESOURCE_PREFIX: string;
-	FILE_PREFIX: string;
-	queueMacrotask: typeof queueMacrotask;
-	queueGC: typeof queueGC;
-	debounce: typeof debounce;
-	throttle: typeof throttle;
-	isFontIconURI: typeof isFontIconURI;
-	isDataURI: typeof isDataURI;
-	isFileOrResourcePath: typeof isFileOrResourcePath;
-	getFileExtension: typeof getFileExtension;
-	executeOnMainThread: typeof executeOnMainThread;
-	executeOnUIThread: typeof executeOnUIThread;
-	mainThreadify: typeof mainThreadify;
-	isMainThread: typeof isMainThread;
-	dispatchToMainThread: typeof dispatchToMainThread;
-	releaseNativeObject: typeof releaseNativeObject;
-	escapeRegexSymbols: typeof escapeRegexSymbols;
-	convertString: typeof convertString;
-	getModuleName: typeof getModuleName;
-	openFile: typeof openFile;
-	openUrl: typeof openUrl;
-	isRealDevice: typeof isRealDevice;
-	layout: typeof layout;
-	android: typeof androidUtils;
-	ad: typeof androidUtils;
-	ios: typeof iosUtils;
-	dataSerialize: typeof dataSerialize;
-	dataDeserialize: typeof dataDeserialize;
-	numberHasDecimals: typeof numberHasDecimals;
-	numberIs64Bit: typeof numberIs64Bit;
-	setTimeout: typeof setTimeout;
-	setInterval: typeof setInterval;
-	clearInterval: typeof clearInterval;
-	clearTimeout: typeof clearTimeout;
-	Source: typeof Source;
-	ClassInfo: typeof ClassInfo;
-	getClass: typeof getClass;
-	getBaseClasses: typeof getBaseClasses;
-	getClassInfo: typeof getClassInfo;
-	isBoolean: typeof isBoolean;
-	isDefined: typeof isDefined;
-	isFunction: typeof isFunction;
-	isNullOrUndefined: typeof isNullOrUndefined;
-	isNumber: typeof isNumber;
-	isObject: typeof isObject;
-	isString: typeof isString;
-	isUndefined: typeof isUndefined;
-	toUIString: typeof toUIString;
-	verifyCallback: typeof verifyCallback;
-	dismissSoftInput: typeof dismissSoftInput;
-	dismissKeyboard: typeof dismissKeyboard;
-	copyToClipboard: typeof copyToClipboard;
-	isEmoji: typeof isEmoji;
-	getDurationWithDampingFromSpring: typeof getDurationWithDampingFromSpring;
-};
+export * as Utils from './utils';
+
 export { XmlParser, ParserEventType, ParserEvent } from './xml';
diff --git a/packages/core/index.ts b/packages/core/index.ts
index 7a078eb27..f96af5625 100644
--- a/packages/core/index.ts
+++ b/packages/core/index.ts
@@ -1,104 +1,22 @@
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/triple-slash-reference
 /// <reference path="./global-types.d.ts" />
 // Init globals first (use import to ensure it's always at the top)
 import './globals';
-
-export { iOSApplication, AndroidApplication } from './application';
-export type { ApplicationEventData, LaunchEventData, OrientationChangedEventData, UnhandledErrorEventData, DiscardedErrorEventData, CssChangedEventData, LoadAppCSSEventData, AndroidActivityEventData, AndroidActivityBundleEventData, AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData, AndroidActivityResultEventData, AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData, AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData, SystemAppearanceChangedEventData } from './application';
-
-import { fontScaleChangedEvent, launchEvent, displayedEvent, uncaughtErrorEvent, discardedErrorEvent, suspendEvent, resumeEvent, exitEvent, lowMemoryEvent, orientationChangedEvent, systemAppearanceChanged, systemAppearanceChangedEvent, getMainEntry, getRootView, _resetRootView, getResources, setResources, setCssFileName, getCssFileName, loadAppCss, addCss, on, off, notify, hasListeners, run, orientation, getNativeApplication, hasLaunched, android as appAndroid, ios as iosApp, systemAppearance, setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged, ensureNativeApplication, setMaxRefreshRate } from './application';
-import { inBackground, suspended, foregroundEvent, backgroundEvent } from './application/application-common';
-
-export const Application = {
-	launchEvent,
-	displayedEvent,
-	uncaughtErrorEvent,
-	discardedErrorEvent,
-	suspendEvent,
-	resumeEvent,
-	exitEvent,
-	foregroundEvent,
-	backgroundEvent,
-	lowMemoryEvent,
-	orientationChangedEvent,
-	systemAppearanceChangedEvent,
-	systemAppearanceChanged,
-	fontScaleChangedEvent,
-	setMaxRefreshRate,
-
-	getMainEntry,
-	getRootView,
-	resetRootView: _resetRootView,
-	getResources,
-	setResources,
-	setCssFileName,
-	getCssFileName,
-	loadAppCss,
-	addCss,
-	on,
-	off,
-	notify,
-	hasListeners,
-	run,
-	orientation,
-	getNativeApplication,
-	hasLaunched,
-	systemAppearance,
-	setAutoSystemAppearanceChanged,
-	get android() {
-		ensureNativeApplication();
-		return appAndroid;
-	},
-	get ios() {
-		ensureNativeApplication();
-		return iosApp;
-	},
-	get suspended() {
-		return suspended;
-	},
-	get inBackground() {
-		return inBackground;
-	},
-};
-
-// Export all methods from "application-settings" as ApplicationSettings
-import { setString, getString, clear, flush, getAllKeys, getBoolean, getNumber, hasKey, remove, setBoolean, setNumber } from './application-settings';
-export const ApplicationSettings = {
-	clear,
-	flush,
-	hasKey,
-	remove,
-	setString,
-	getString,
-	getAllKeys,
-	getBoolean,
-	setBoolean,
-	getNumber,
-	setNumber,
-};
-
-import { accessibilityBlurEvent, accessibilityFocusEvent, accessibilityFocusChangedEvent, accessibilityPerformEscapeEvent } from './accessibility';
-export const AccessibilityEvents = {
-	accessibilityBlurEvent,
-	accessibilityFocusEvent,
-	accessibilityFocusChangedEvent,
-	accessibilityPerformEscapeEvent,
-};
+export * from './application';
+export * as ApplicationSettings from './application-settings';
+import * as Accessibility from './accessibility';
+export namespace AccessibilityEvents {
+	export const accessibilityBlurEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityBlurEvent;
+	export const accessibilityFocusEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityFocusEvent;
+	export const accessibilityFocusChangedEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityFocusChangedEvent;
+	export const accessibilityPerformEscapeEvent = Accessibility.accessibilityPerformEscapeEvent;
+}
 export { AccessibilityLiveRegion, AccessibilityRole, AccessibilityState, AccessibilityTrait, FontScaleCategory } from './accessibility';
 
 export { Color } from './color';
-
-import { connectionType, getConnectionType, startMonitoring, stopMonitoring } from './connectivity';
-export const Connectivity = {
-	connectionType,
-	getConnectionType,
-	startMonitoring,
-	stopMonitoring,
-};
-
+export * as Connectivity from './connectivity';
 export * from './core-types';
-
 export { CSSUtils } from './css/system-classes';
-
 export { ObservableArray, ChangeType } from './data/observable-array';
 export type { ChangedData } from './data/observable-array';
 export { Observable, WrappedValue, fromObject, fromObjectRecursive } from './data/observable';
@@ -109,19 +27,9 @@ export { File, FileSystemEntity, Folder, knownFolders, path, getFileAccess, Andr
 
 // Export all interfaces from "http" module
 export type { HttpRequestOptions, HttpResponse, Headers, HttpResponseEncoding, HttpContent } from './http';
-// Export all methods from "http" as Http
-import { getFile, getImage, getJSON, getString as httpGetString, request } from './http';
-export const Http = {
-	getFile,
-	getImage,
-	getJSON,
-	getString: httpGetString,
-	request,
-};
-
+export * as Http from './http';
 export { ImageAsset } from './image-asset';
 export type { ImageAssetOptions } from './image-asset';
-
 export { ImageSource } from './image-source';
 export { ModuleNameResolver, _setResolver } from './module-name-resolver';
 export type { ModuleListProvider, PlatformContext } from './module-name-resolver';
@@ -131,78 +39,8 @@ export type { IDevice } from './platform';
 // Profiling
 export { profile, enable as profilingEnable, disable as profilingDisable, time as profilingTime, uptime as profilingUptime, start as profilingStart, stop as profilingStop, isRunning as profilingIsRunning, dumpProfiles as profilingDumpProfiles, resetProfiles as profilingResetProfiles, startCPUProfile as profilingStartCPU, stopCPUProfile as profilingStopCPU } from './profiling';
 export type { InstrumentationMode, TimerInfo } from './profiling';
-
 export { encoding } from './text';
-// for developers to be explicit if they desire around globals (allows access via Utils below)
-import { setTimeout, setInterval, clearInterval, clearTimeout } from './timer';
 export * from './trace';
-
 export * from './ui';
-
-import { GC, isFontIconURI, isDataURI, isFileOrResourcePath, executeOnMainThread, mainThreadify, isMainThread, dispatchToMainThread, executeOnUIThread, queueMacrotask, queueGC, debounce, throttle, releaseNativeObject, getModuleName, openFile, openUrl, isRealDevice, layout, ad as androidUtils, iOSNativeHelper as iosUtils, Source, RESOURCE_PREFIX, FILE_PREFIX, escapeRegexSymbols, convertString, dismissSoftInput, dismissKeyboard, dataDeserialize, dataSerialize, copyToClipboard, getFileExtension, isEmoji, getDurationWithDampingFromSpring } from './utils';
-import { SDK_VERSION } from './utils/constants';
-import { ClassInfo, getClass, getBaseClasses, getClassInfo, isBoolean, isDefined, isFunction, isNullOrUndefined, isNumber, isObject, isString, isUndefined, toUIString, verifyCallback, numberHasDecimals, numberIs64Bit } from './utils/types';
-
-export const Utils = {
-	GC,
-	SDK_VERSION,
-	RESOURCE_PREFIX,
-	FILE_PREFIX,
-	isFontIconURI,
-	isDataURI,
-	isFileOrResourcePath,
-	getFileExtension,
-	executeOnMainThread,
-	executeOnUIThread,
-	mainThreadify,
-	isMainThread,
-	dispatchToMainThread,
-	queueMacrotask,
-	queueGC,
-	debounce,
-	throttle,
-	releaseNativeObject,
-	convertString,
-	escapeRegexSymbols,
-
-	getModuleName,
-	openFile,
-	openUrl,
-	isRealDevice,
-
-	layout,
-	android: androidUtils,
-	// legacy (a lot of plugins use the shorthand "ad" Utils.ad instead of Utils.android)
-	ad: androidUtils,
-	ios: iosUtils,
-	dataSerialize,
-	dataDeserialize,
-	numberHasDecimals,
-	numberIs64Bit,
-	setTimeout,
-	setInterval,
-	clearInterval,
-	clearTimeout,
-	Source,
-	ClassInfo,
-	getClass,
-	getBaseClasses,
-	getClassInfo,
-	isBoolean,
-	isDefined,
-	isFunction,
-	isNullOrUndefined,
-	isNumber,
-	isObject,
-	isString,
-	isUndefined,
-	toUIString,
-	verifyCallback,
-	dismissSoftInput,
-	dismissKeyboard,
-	copyToClipboard,
-	isEmoji,
-	getDurationWithDampingFromSpring,
-};
-
+export * as Utils from './utils';
 export { XmlParser, ParserEventType, ParserEvent } from './xml';
diff --git a/packages/core/jest.setup.ts b/packages/core/jest.setup.ts
index d5efefb8f..3ee85d45d 100644
--- a/packages/core/jest.setup.ts
+++ b/packages/core/jest.setup.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 // @ts-nocheck
+global.__DEV__ = true;
 global.WeakRef.prototype.get = global.WeakRef.prototype.deref;
 global.NativeClass = function () {};
-global.NSObject = class NSObject {};
+global.NSTimer = class NSTimer {};
+global.NSObject = class NSObject {
+	static new() {
+		return new NSObject();
+	}
+};
 global.NSString = {
 	stringWithString() {
 		return {
@@ -22,6 +28,11 @@ global.NSFileManager = {
 		},
 	},
 };
+global.NSNotificationCenter = {
+	defaultCenter: {
+		addObserverSelectorNameObject(observer: any, selector: any, name: any, object: any) {},
+	},
+};
 global.interop = {
 	Reference: class Reference {
 		constructor(type: any, ref?: boolean) {}
@@ -96,6 +107,12 @@ global.NativeScriptGlobals = {
 global.CADisplayLink = function () {};
 global.NSNotification = function () {};
 global.UIApplicationDelegate = function () {};
+global.UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification = 'UIApplicationDidFinishLaunchingNotification';
+global.UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification = 'UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification';
+global.UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification = 'UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification';
+global.UIApplicationWillTerminateNotification = 'UIApplicationWillTerminateNotification';
+global.UIApplicationDidReceiveMemoryWarningNotification = 'UIApplicationDidReceiveMemoryWarningNotification';
+global.UIApplicationDidChangeStatusBarOrientationNotification = 'UIApplicationDidChangeStatusBarOrientationNotification';
 global.UIResponder = function () {};
 global.UIResponder.extend = function () {};
 global.UIViewController = function () {};
diff --git a/packages/core/module-name-resolver/index.ts b/packages/core/module-name-resolver/index.ts
index 5e9af42c1..74b77dacd 100644
--- a/packages/core/module-name-resolver/index.ts
+++ b/packages/core/module-name-resolver/index.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { Screen, Device } from '../platform';
-import * as appCommonModule from '../application/application-common';
 import { PlatformContext, findMatch, stripQualifiers } from './qualifier-matcher';
 import { registerModulesFromFileSystem } from './non-bundle-workflow-compat';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 
 export type { PlatformContext } from './qualifier-matcher';
 
@@ -11,7 +11,12 @@ export type ModuleListProvider = () => string[];
 export class ModuleNameResolver {
 	private _cache = {};
 
-	constructor(private context: PlatformContext, private moduleListProvider: ModuleListProvider = global.getRegisteredModules) {}
+	constructor(private context: PlatformContext, private moduleListProvider: ModuleListProvider = global.getRegisteredModules) {
+		Application.on('livesync', (args) => clearCache());
+		Application.on('orientationChanged', (args) => {
+			resolverInstance = undefined;
+		});
+	}
 
 	public resolveModuleName(path: string, ext: string): string {
 		const key = path + ext;
@@ -94,8 +99,3 @@ export function clearCache() {
 export function _setResolver(resolver: ModuleNameResolver) {
 	resolverInstance = resolver;
 }
-
-appCommonModule.on('livesync', (args) => clearCache());
-appCommonModule.on('orientationChanged', (args) => {
-	resolverInstance = undefined;
-});
diff --git a/packages/core/module-name-resolver/non-bundle-workflow-compat.ts b/packages/core/module-name-resolver/non-bundle-workflow-compat.ts
index cd9e881a2..ba588a854 100644
--- a/packages/core/module-name-resolver/non-bundle-workflow-compat.ts
+++ b/packages/core/module-name-resolver/non-bundle-workflow-compat.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import * as fs from '../file-system';
-import * as appCommonModule from '../application/application-common';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
 
 const cache = new Set<string>();
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ export function registerModulesFromFileSystem(moduleName: string) {
 
 function initialize() {
 	if (!initialized) {
-		appCommonModule.on('livesync', (args) => cache.clear());
+		Application.on('livesync', (args) => cache.clear());
 		initialized = true;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/core/platform/index.android.ts b/packages/core/platform/index.android.ts
index 2e04be392..eb2018858 100644
--- a/packages/core/platform/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/platform/index.android.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* tslint:disable:class-name */
-import { getNativeApplication, on, orientationChangedEvent, android as AndroidApplication } from '../application';
+import { Application } from '../application';
 import { SDK_VERSION } from '../utils/constants';
 
 const MIN_TABLET_PIXELS = 600;
@@ -20,15 +20,15 @@ class MainScreen {
 	}
 
 	private initMetrics(): void {
-		const nativeApp = <android.app.Application>getNativeApplication();
+		const nativeApp = Application.android.getNativeApplication();
 		nativeApp.getSystemService(android.content.Context.WINDOW_SERVICE).getDefaultDisplay().getRealMetrics(this._metrics);
 	}
 
 	private get metrics(): android.util.DisplayMetrics {
 		if (!this._metrics) {
 			// NOTE: This will be memory leak but we MainScreen is singleton
-			on('cssChanged', this.reinitMetrics, this);
-			on(orientationChangedEvent, this.reinitMetrics, this);
+			Application.on('cssChanged', this.reinitMetrics, this);
+			Application.on(Application.orientationChangedEvent, this.reinitMetrics, this);
 
 			this._metrics = new android.util.DisplayMetrics();
 			this.initMetrics();
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class DeviceRef {
 
 	get uuid(): string {
 		if (!this._uuid) {
-			const nativeApp = <android.app.Application>AndroidApplication.nativeApp;
+			const nativeApp = Application.android.getNativeApplication();
 			this._uuid = android.provider.Settings.Secure.getString(nativeApp.getContentResolver(), android.provider.Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
 		}
 
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/action-bar/index.android.ts b/packages/core/ui/action-bar/index.android.ts
index 9b4126886..994f87f85 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/action-bar/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/action-bar/index.android.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { Color } from '../../color';
 import { layout, RESOURCE_PREFIX, isFontIconURI } from '../../utils';
 import { colorProperty } from '../styling/style-properties';
 import { ImageSource } from '../../image-source';
-import * as application from '../../application';
+import { Application } from '../../application';
 import { isAccessibilityServiceEnabled, updateContentDescription } from '../../accessibility';
 import type { Background } from '../styling/background';
 import { SDK_VERSION } from '../../utils/constants';
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ function initializeMenuItemClickListener(): void {
 	}
 
 	MenuItemClickListener = MenuItemClickListenerImpl;
-	appResources = application.android.context.getResources();
+	appResources = Application.android.context.getResources();
 }
 
 export class ActionItem extends ActionItemBase {
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ export class ActionBar extends ActionBarBase {
 					traceMissingIcon(icon);
 				}
 			} else {
-				const defaultIcon = application.android.nativeApp.getApplicationInfo().icon;
+				const defaultIcon = Application.android.nativeApp.getApplicationInfo().icon;
 				this.nativeViewProtected.setLogo(defaultIcon);
 			}
 		} else {
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ export class ActionBar extends ActionBarBase {
 			if (title !== undefined) {
 				this.nativeViewProtected.setTitle(title);
 			} else {
-				const appContext = application.android.context;
+				const appContext = Application.android.context;
 				const appInfo = appContext.getApplicationInfo();
 				const appLabel = appContext.getPackageManager().getApplicationLabel(appInfo);
 				if (appLabel) {
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ function getDrawableOrResourceId(icon: string, resources: android.content.res.Re
 
 	let result = null;
 	if (icon.indexOf(RESOURCE_PREFIX) === 0) {
-		const resourceId: number = resources.getIdentifier(icon.substr(RESOURCE_PREFIX.length), 'drawable', application.android.packageName);
+		const resourceId: number = resources.getIdentifier(icon.substr(RESOURCE_PREFIX.length), 'drawable', Application.android.packageName);
 		if (resourceId > 0) {
 			result = resourceId;
 		}
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/core/view/index.android.ts b/packages/core/ui/core/view/index.android.ts
index 9dd436290..86f8406c2 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/core/view/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/core/view/index.android.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import { Background, BackgroundClearFlags, refreshBorderDrawable } from '../../s
 import { profile } from '../../../profiling';
 import { topmost } from '../../frame/frame-stack';
 import { Screen } from '../../../platform';
-import { AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData, android as androidApp } from '../../../application';
+import { AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData, Application } from '../../../application';
 import { Device } from '../../../platform';
 import lazy from '../../../utils/lazy';
 import { accessibilityEnabledProperty, accessibilityHiddenProperty, accessibilityHintProperty, accessibilityIdentifierProperty, accessibilityLabelProperty, accessibilityLanguageProperty, accessibilityLiveRegionProperty, accessibilityMediaSessionProperty, accessibilityRoleProperty, accessibilityStateProperty, accessibilityValueProperty } from '../../../accessibility/accessibility-properties';
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ function initializeDialogFragment() {
 			};
 
 			// Fist fire application.android global event
-			androidApp.notify(args);
+			Application.android.notify(args);
 			if (args.cancel) {
 				return;
 			}
@@ -1185,7 +1185,11 @@ export class View extends ViewCommon {
 	}
 
 	protected onBackgroundOrBorderPropertyChanged() {
-		const nativeView = <android.view.View & { _cachedDrawable: android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.ConstantState | android.graphics.drawable.Drawable }>this.nativeViewProtected;
+		const nativeView = <
+			android.view.View & {
+				_cachedDrawable: android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.ConstantState | android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
+			}
+		>this.nativeViewProtected;
 		if (!nativeView) {
 			return;
 		}
@@ -1208,11 +1212,11 @@ export class View extends ViewCommon {
 		const isBorderDrawable = drawable instanceof org.nativescript.widgets.BorderDrawable;
 
 		// prettier-ignore
-		const onlyColor = !background.hasBorderWidth() 
-			&& !background.hasBorderRadius() 
-			&& !background.hasBoxShadow() 
-			&& !background.clipPath 
-			&& !background.image 
+		const onlyColor = !background.hasBorderWidth()
+			&& !background.hasBorderRadius()
+			&& !background.hasBoxShadow()
+			&& !background.clipPath
+			&& !background.image
 			&& !!background.color;
 
 		this._applyBackground(background, isBorderDrawable, onlyColor, drawable);
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/core/view/view-helper/index.ios.ts b/packages/core/ui/core/view/view-helper/index.ios.ts
index 5b8022d39..eb5edcb37 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/core/view/view-helper/index.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/core/view/view-helper/index.ios.ts
@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@ import { View } from '..';
 
 // Requires
 import { ViewHelper } from './view-helper-common';
-import { iOSNativeHelper, layout } from '../../../../utils';
+import { ios as iOSUtils, layout } from '../../../../utils';
 import { Trace } from '../../../../trace';
 
 export * from './view-helper-common';
 
-const majorVersion = iOSNativeHelper.MajorVersion;
-
 @NativeClass
 class UILayoutViewController extends UIViewController {
 	public owner: WeakRef<View>;
@@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ class UILayoutViewController extends UIViewController {
 		super.viewDidLayoutSubviews();
 		const owner = this.owner?.deref();
 		if (owner) {
-			if (majorVersion >= 11) {
+			if (iOSUtils.MajorVersion >= 11) {
 				// Handle nested UILayoutViewController safe area application.
 				// Currently, UILayoutViewController can be nested only in a TabView.
 				// The TabView itself is handled by the OS, so we check the TabView's parent (usually a Page, but can be a Layout).
@@ -116,7 +114,7 @@ class UILayoutViewController extends UIViewController {
 	public traitCollectionDidChange(previousTraitCollection: UITraitCollection): void {
 		super.traitCollectionDidChange(previousTraitCollection);
 
-		if (majorVersion >= 13) {
+		if (iOSUtils.MajorVersion >= 13) {
 			const owner = this.owner?.deref();
 			if (owner && this.traitCollection.hasDifferentColorAppearanceComparedToTraitCollection && this.traitCollection.hasDifferentColorAppearanceComparedToTraitCollection(previousTraitCollection)) {
 				owner.notify({
@@ -190,7 +188,7 @@ export class IOSHelper {
 	}
 
 	static updateAutoAdjustScrollInsets(controller: UIViewController, owner: View): void {
-		if (majorVersion <= 10) {
+		if (iOSUtils.MajorVersion <= 10) {
 			owner._automaticallyAdjustsScrollViewInsets = false;
 			// This API is deprecated, but has no alternative for <= iOS 10
 			// Defaults to true and results to appliyng the insets twice together with our logic
@@ -201,7 +199,7 @@ export class IOSHelper {
 	}
 
 	static updateConstraints(controller: UIViewController, owner: View): void {
-		if (majorVersion <= 10) {
+		if (iOSUtils.MajorVersion <= 10) {
 			const layoutGuide = IOSHelper.initLayoutGuide(controller);
 			(<any>controller.view).safeAreaLayoutGuide = layoutGuide;
 		}
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/dialogs/index.ios.ts b/packages/core/ui/dialogs/index.ios.ts
index 03d258e62..3127803d6 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/dialogs/index.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/dialogs/index.ios.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import { Trace } from '../../trace';
 import { ConfirmOptions, PromptOptions, PromptResult, LoginOptions, LoginResult, ActionOptions, getCurrentPage, getLabelColor, getButtonColors, getTextFieldColor, isDialogOptions, inputType, capitalizationType, DialogStrings, parseLoginOptions } from './dialogs-common';
 import { isString, isDefined, isFunction } from '../../utils/types';
-import { getRootView, ios } from '../../application';
+import { Application } from '../../application';
 
 export * from './dialogs-common';
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ function raiseCallback(callback, result) {
 }
 
 function showUIAlertController(alertController: UIAlertController) {
-	let viewController = ios.rootController as UIViewController;
+	let viewController = Application.ios.rootController;
 
 	while (viewController && viewController.presentedViewController && !viewController.presentedViewController.beingDismissed) {
 		viewController = viewController.presentedViewController;
@@ -86,7 +86,13 @@ function showUIAlertController(alertController: UIAlertController) {
 export function alert(arg: any): Promise<void> {
 	return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
 		try {
-			const options = !isDialogOptions(arg) ? { title: DialogStrings.ALERT, okButtonText: DialogStrings.OK, message: arg + '' } : arg;
+			const options = !isDialogOptions(arg)
+				? {
+						title: DialogStrings.ALERT,
+						okButtonText: DialogStrings.OK,
+						message: arg + '',
+				  }
+				: arg;
 			const alertController = UIAlertController.alertControllerWithTitleMessagePreferredStyle(options.title, options.message, UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert);
 
 			addButtonsToAlertController(alertController, options, () => {
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/frame/activity.android.ts b/packages/core/ui/frame/activity.android.ts
index 6c7fdead1..a526453b9 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/frame/activity.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/frame/activity.android.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import '../../globals';
 import { setActivityCallbacks, AndroidActivityCallbacks } from '.';
-const appModule = require('../../application');
+import { Application } from '../../application';
 
 /**
  * NOTE: We cannot use NativeClass here because this is used in appComponents in webpack.config
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const superProto = androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity.prototype;
 		// init must at least be defined
 	},
 	onCreate(savedInstanceState: android.os.Bundle): void {
-		appModule.android.init(this.getApplication());
+		Application.android.init(this.getApplication());
 
 		// Set isNativeScriptActivity in onCreate.
 		// The JS constructor might not be called because the activity is created from Android.
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/frame/index.android.ts b/packages/core/ui/frame/index.android.ts
index ae666c45d..6d7b988ea 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/frame/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/frame/index.android.ts
@@ -1,33 +1,25 @@
 // Definitions.
-import { AndroidFrame as AndroidFrameDefinition, AndroidActivityCallbacks, AndroidFragmentCallbacks, BackstackEntry, NavigationTransition } from '.';
-import { TransitionState } from './frame-common';
+import { AndroidActivityCallbacks, AndroidFragmentCallbacks, AndroidFrame as AndroidFrameDefinition, BackstackEntry, NavigationTransition } from '.';
 import { Page } from '../page';
+import { TransitionState } from './frame-common';
 
 // Types.
-import * as application from '../../application';
+import { AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData, AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData, AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData, AndroidActivityResultEventData, Application } from '../../application';
 
-import { _stack, FrameBase, NavigationType } from './frame-common';
 import { Color } from '../../color';
+import { Observable } from '../../data/observable';
 import { Trace } from '../../trace';
 import { View } from '../core/view';
-import { Observable } from '../../data/observable';
+import { _stack, FrameBase, NavigationType } from './frame-common';
 
-import { _setAndroidFragmentTransitions, _getAnimatedEntries, _updateTransitions, _reverseTransitions, _clearEntry, _clearFragment, addNativeTransitionListener } from './fragment.transitions';
+import { _clearEntry, _clearFragment, _getAnimatedEntries, _reverseTransitions, _setAndroidFragmentTransitions, _updateTransitions, addNativeTransitionListener } from './fragment.transitions';
 
-// TODO: Remove this and get it from global to decouple builder for angular
-import { Builder } from '../builder';
-import { CSSUtils } from '../../css/system-classes';
-import { Device } from '../../platform';
 import { profile } from '../../profiling';
-import { setSuspended } from '../../application/application-common';
-import { ad } from '../../utils/native-helper';
+import { android as androidUtils } from '../../utils/native-helper';
 import type { ExpandedEntry } from './fragment.transitions.android';
-import { SharedTransition, SharedTransitionAnimationType } from '../transition/shared-transition';
 
 export * from './frame-common';
 
-const ANDROID_PLATFORM = 'android';
-
 const INTENT_EXTRA = 'com.tns.activity';
 const ROOT_VIEW_ID_EXTRA = 'com.tns.activity.rootViewId';
 const FRAMEID = '_frameId';
@@ -96,12 +88,12 @@ export class Frame extends FrameBase {
 	}
 
 	public static reloadPage(context?: ModuleContext): void {
-		const activity = ad.getCurrentActivity();
+		const activity = androidUtils.getCurrentActivity();
 		const callbacks: AndroidActivityCallbacks = activity[CALLBACKS];
 		if (callbacks) {
 			const rootView: View = callbacks.getRootView();
 			// Handle application root module
-			const isAppRootModuleChanged = context && context.path && context.path.includes(application.getMainEntry().moduleName) && context.type !== 'style';
+			const isAppRootModuleChanged = context && context.path && context.path.includes(Application.getMainEntry().moduleName) && context.type !== 'style';
 
 			// Reset activity content when:
 			// + Application root module is changed
@@ -149,7 +141,7 @@ export class Frame extends FrameBase {
 
 		// _onAttachedToWindow called from OS again after it was detach
 		// still happens with androidx.fragment:1.3.2
-		const activity = ad.getCurrentActivity();
+		const activity = androidUtils.getCurrentActivity();
 		const lifecycleState = activity?.getLifecycle?.()?.getCurrentState() || androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle.State.CREATED;
 		if ((this._manager && this._manager.isDestroyed()) || !lifecycleState.isAtLeast(androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle.State.CREATED)) {
 			return;
@@ -990,7 +982,7 @@ class FragmentCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidFragmentCallbacks {
 			if (hasRemovingParent) {
 				const nativeFrameView = this.frame.nativeViewProtected;
 				if (nativeFrameView) {
-					const bitmapDrawable = new android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable(application.android.context.getResources(), this.backgroundBitmap);
+					const bitmapDrawable = new android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable(Application.android.context.getResources(), this.backgroundBitmap);
 					this.frame._originalBackground = this.frame.backgroundColor || new Color('White');
 					nativeFrameView.setBackgroundDrawable(bitmapDrawable);
 					this.backgroundBitmap = null;
@@ -1146,9 +1138,9 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 		}
 
 		if (intent && intent.getAction()) {
-			application.android.notify(<application.AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData>{
-				eventName: application.AndroidApplication.activityNewIntentEvent,
-				object: application.android,
+			Application.android.notify(<AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData>{
+				eventName: Application.AndroidApplication.activityNewIntentEvent,
+				object: Application.android,
 				activity,
 				intent,
 			});
@@ -1177,9 +1169,9 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 		superFunc.call(activity, intent);
 		superSetIntentFunc.call(activity, intent);
 
-		application.android.notify(<application.AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData>{
-			eventName: application.AndroidApplication.activityNewIntentEvent,
-			object: application.android,
+		Application.android.notify(<AndroidActivityNewIntentEventData>{
+			eventName: Application.AndroidApplication.activityNewIntentEvent,
+			object: Application.android,
 			activity,
 			intent,
 		});
@@ -1227,13 +1219,11 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 		// and raising the application resume event there causes issues like
 		// https://github.com/NativeScript/NativeScript/issues/6708
 		if ((<any>activity).isNativeScriptActivity) {
-			setSuspended(false);
-			const args = <application.ApplicationEventData>{
-				eventName: application.resumeEvent,
-				object: application.android,
+			Application.setSuspended(false, {
+				// todo: deprecate in favor of using event.activity instead.
 				android: activity,
-			};
-			application.notify(args);
+				activity,
+			});
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1255,11 +1245,11 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 			// possible alternative: always fire launchEvent and exitEvent, but pass extra flags to make it clear what kind of launch/destroy is happening
 			if (activity.isFinishing()) {
 				const exitArgs = {
-					eventName: application.exitEvent,
-					object: application.android,
+					eventName: Application.exitEvent,
+					object: Application.android,
 					android: activity,
 				};
-				application.notify(exitArgs);
+				Application.notify(exitArgs);
 			}
 		} finally {
 			superFunc.call(activity);
@@ -1272,13 +1262,14 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 			Trace.write('NativeScriptActivity.onBackPressed;', Trace.categories.NativeLifecycle);
 		}
 
-		const args = <application.AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData>{
+		const args = <AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData>{
 			eventName: 'activityBackPressed',
-			object: application.android,
+			object: Application,
+			android: Application.android,
 			activity: activity,
 			cancel: false,
 		};
-		application.android.notify(args);
+		Application.android.notify(args);
 		if (args.cancel) {
 			return;
 		}
@@ -1286,7 +1277,7 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 		const view = this._rootView;
 		let callSuper = false;
 
-		const viewArgs = <application.AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData>{
+		const viewArgs = <AndroidActivityBackPressedEventData>{
 			eventName: 'activityBackPressed',
 			object: view,
 			activity: activity,
@@ -1310,9 +1301,10 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 			Trace.write('NativeScriptActivity.onRequestPermissionsResult;', Trace.categories.NativeLifecycle);
 		}
 
-		application.android.notify(<application.AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData>{
+		Application.android.notify(<AndroidActivityRequestPermissionsEventData>{
 			eventName: 'activityRequestPermissions',
-			object: application.android,
+			object: Application,
+			android: Application.android,
 			activity: activity,
 			requestCode: requestCode,
 			permissions: permissions,
@@ -1327,9 +1319,10 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 			Trace.write(`NativeScriptActivity.onActivityResult(${requestCode}, ${resultCode}, ${data})`, Trace.categories.NativeLifecycle);
 		}
 
-		application.android.notify(<application.AndroidActivityResultEventData>{
+		Application.android.notify(<AndroidActivityResultEventData>{
 			eventName: 'activityResult',
-			object: application.android,
+			object: Application,
+			android: Application.android,
 			activity: activity,
 			requestCode: requestCode,
 			resultCode: resultCode,
@@ -1354,7 +1347,7 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 	// 1. Application initial start - there is no rootView in callbacks.
 	// 2. Application revived after Activity is destroyed. this._rootView should have been restored by id in onCreate.
 	// 3. Livesync if rootView has no custom _onLivesync. this._rootView should have been cleared upfront. Launch event should not fired
-	// 4. _resetRootView method. this._rootView should have been cleared upfront. Launch event should not fired
+	// 4. resetRootView method. this._rootView should have been cleared upfront. Launch event should not fired
 	private setActivityContent(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity, savedInstanceState: android.os.Bundle, fireLaunchEvent: boolean): void {
 		let rootView = this._rootView;
 
@@ -1362,71 +1355,33 @@ class ActivityCallbacksImplementation implements AndroidActivityCallbacks {
 			Trace.write(`Frame.setActivityContent rootView: ${rootView} shouldCreateRootFrame: false fireLaunchEvent: ${fireLaunchEvent}`, Trace.categories.NativeLifecycle);
 		}
 
+		const intent = activity.getIntent();
+		rootView = Application.createRootView(rootView, fireLaunchEvent, {
+			// todo: deprecate in favor of args.intent?
+			android: intent,
+			intent,
+			savedInstanceState,
+		});
+
 		if (!rootView) {
-			const mainEntry = application.getMainEntry();
-			const intent = activity.getIntent();
-			// useful for integrations that would like to set rootView asynchronously after app launch
-			let shouldRootViewBeEmpty = false;
-
-			if (fireLaunchEvent) {
-				// entry point for Angular and Vue frameworks
-				rootView = notifyLaunch(intent, <any>savedInstanceState, null);
-				shouldRootViewBeEmpty = rootView === null;
-			}
-
-			if (!rootView) {
-				if (shouldRootViewBeEmpty) {
-					return;
-				}
-				// entry point for NS Core
-				if (!mainEntry) {
-					// Also handles scenarios with Angular and Vue where the notifyLaunch didn't return a root view.
-					throw new Error('Main entry is missing. App cannot be started. Verify app bootstrap.');
-				}
-
-				rootView = Builder.createViewFromEntry(mainEntry);
-			}
-
-			this._rootView = rootView;
-			activityRootViewsMap.set(rootView._domId, new WeakRef(rootView));
-
-			const deviceType = Device.deviceType.toLowerCase();
-
-			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${ANDROID_PLATFORM}`);
-			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${deviceType}`);
-			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${application.android.orientation}`);
-			CSSUtils.pushToSystemCssClasses(`${CSSUtils.CLASS_PREFIX}${application.android.systemAppearance}`);
-
-			this._rootView.cssClasses.add(CSSUtils.ROOT_VIEW_CSS_CLASS);
-			const rootViewCssClasses = CSSUtils.getSystemCssClasses();
-			rootViewCssClasses.forEach((c) => this._rootView.cssClasses.add(c));
+			// no root view created
+			return;
 		}
 
+		activityRootViewsMap.set(rootView._domId, new WeakRef(rootView));
+
 		// setup view as styleScopeHost
 		rootView._setupAsRootView(activity);
 
 		activity.setContentView(rootView.nativeViewProtected, new org.nativescript.widgets.CommonLayoutParams());
+
+		this._rootView = rootView;
+
+		// sets root classes once rootView is ready...
+		Application.initRootView();
 	}
 }
 
-const notifyLaunch = profile('notifyLaunch', function notifyLaunch(intent: android.content.Intent, savedInstanceState: android.os.Bundle): View {
-	const launchArgs: application.LaunchEventData = {
-		eventName: application.launchEvent,
-		object: application.android,
-		android: intent,
-		savedInstanceState,
-	};
-
-	application.notify(launchArgs);
-	application.notify(<application.LoadAppCSSEventData>{
-		eventName: 'loadAppCss',
-		object: <any>this,
-		cssFile: application.getCssFileName(),
-	});
-
-	return launchArgs.root;
-});
-
 export function setActivityCallbacks(activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity): void {
 	activity[CALLBACKS] = new ActivityCallbacksImplementation();
 }
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/frame/index.ios.ts b/packages/core/ui/frame/index.ios.ts
index f01dced4c..49e20cffa 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/frame/index.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/frame/index.ios.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { Page } from '../page';
 import { View } from '../core/view';
 import { IOSHelper } from '../core/view/view-helper';
 import { profile } from '../../profiling';
-import { CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS, iOSNativeHelper, layout } from '../../utils';
+import { CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS, ios as iOSUtils, layout } from '../../utils';
 import { Trace } from '../../trace';
 import type { PageTransition } from '../transition/page-transition';
 import { SlideTransition } from '../transition/slide-transition';
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import { SharedTransition } from '../transition/shared-transition';
 
 export * from './frame-common';
 
-const majorVersion = iOSNativeHelper.MajorVersion;
+const majorVersion = iOSUtils.MajorVersion;
 
 const ENTRY = '_entry';
 const DELEGATE = '_delegate';
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/styling/background.android.ts b/packages/core/ui/styling/background.android.ts
index 217664d6d..08885273e 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/styling/background.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/styling/background.android.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { LinearGradient } from './linear-gradient';
 import { isDataURI, isFileOrResourcePath, RESOURCE_PREFIX, FILE_PREFIX } from '../../utils';
 import { parse } from '../../css-value';
 import { path, knownFolders } from '../../file-system';
-import * as application from '../../application';
+import { Application } from '../../application';
 export * from './background-common';
 
 function fromBase64(source: string): android.graphics.Bitmap {
@@ -163,8 +163,7 @@ function onLiveSync(args): void {
 global.NativeScriptGlobals.events.on('livesync', onLiveSync);
 
 global.NativeScriptGlobals.addEventWiring(() => {
-	application.ensureNativeApplication();
-	application.android.on('activityStarted', (args) => {
+	Application.android.on('activityStarted', (args) => {
 		if (!imageFetcher) {
 			initImageCache(args.activity);
 		} else {
@@ -174,8 +173,7 @@ global.NativeScriptGlobals.addEventWiring(() => {
 });
 
 global.NativeScriptGlobals.addEventWiring(() => {
-	application.ensureNativeApplication();
-	application.android.on('activityStopped', (args) => {
+	Application.android.on('activityStopped', (args) => {
 		if (imageFetcher) {
 			imageFetcher.closeCache();
 		}
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/styling/style-scope.ts b/packages/core/ui/styling/style-scope.ts
index 0ee744571..a71ff6f9e 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/styling/style-scope.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/styling/style-scope.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { SyntaxTree, Keyframes as KeyframesDefinition, Node as CssNode } from '.
 import { RuleSet, SelectorsMap, SelectorCore, SelectorsMatch, ChangeMap, fromAstNodes, Node } from './css-selector';
 import { Trace } from '../../trace';
 import { File, knownFolders, path } from '../../file-system';
-import * as application from '../../application';
+import { Application, CssChangedEventData, LoadAppCSSEventData } from '../../application';
 import { profile } from '../../profiling';
 
 import * as kam from '../animation/keyframe-animation';
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ export function addTaggedAdditionalCSS(cssText: string, tag?: string | number):
 	return changed;
 }
 
-const onCssChanged = profile('"style-scope".onCssChanged', (args: application.CssChangedEventData) => {
+const onCssChanged = profile('"style-scope".onCssChanged', (args: CssChangedEventData) => {
 	if (args.cssText) {
 		const parsed = CSSSource.fromSource(args.cssText, applicationKeyframes, args.cssFile).selectors;
 		if (parsed) {
@@ -348,8 +348,8 @@ const onCssChanged = profile('"style-scope".onCssChanged', (args: application.Cs
 	}
 });
 
-function onLiveSync(args: application.CssChangedEventData): void {
-	loadCss(application.getCssFileName(), null, null);
+function onLiveSync(args: CssChangedEventData): void {
+	loadCss(Application.getCssFileName(), null, null);
 }
 
 const loadCss = profile(`"style-scope".loadCss`, (cssModule: string) => {
@@ -377,17 +377,17 @@ global.NativeScriptGlobals.events.on('livesync', onLiveSync);
 //  - with-snapshot - code injected in snapshot bundle by [NativeScriptSnapshotPlugin](https://github.com/NativeScript/nativescript-dev-webpack/blob/48b26f412fd70c19dc0b9c7763e08e9505a0ae11/plugins/NativeScriptSnapshotPlugin/index.js#L48-L56)
 // Having the app.css loaded in snapshot provides significant boost in startup (when using the ns-theme ~150 ms). However, because app.css is resolved at build-time,
 // when the snapshot is created - there is no way to use file qualifiers or change the name of on app.css
-export const loadAppCSS = profile('"style-scope".loadAppCSS', (args: application.LoadAppCSSEventData) => {
+export const loadAppCSS = profile('"style-scope".loadAppCSS', (args: LoadAppCSSEventData) => {
 	loadCss(args.cssFile, null, null);
 	global.NativeScriptGlobals.events.off('loadAppCss', loadAppCSS);
 });
 
-if (application.hasLaunched()) {
+if (Application.hasLaunched()) {
 	loadAppCSS(
 		{
 			eventName: 'loadAppCss',
-			object: <any>application,
-			cssFile: application.getCssFileName(),
+			object: Application,
+			cssFile: Application.getCssFileName(),
 		},
 		null,
 		null
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/tab-view/index.android.ts b/packages/core/ui/tab-view/index.android.ts
index d25cf0828..030bfd6f9 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/tab-view/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/tab-view/index.android.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import { Color } from '../../color';
 import { fontSizeProperty, fontInternalProperty } from '../styling/style-properties';
 import { RESOURCE_PREFIX, ad, layout } from '../../utils';
 import { Frame } from '../frame';
-import * as application from '../../application';
+import { Application } from '../../application';
 
 export * from './tab-view-common';
 
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ function initializeNativeClasses() {
 	}
 
 	PagerAdapter = FragmentPagerAdapter;
-	appResources = application.android.context.getResources();
+	appResources = Application.android.context.getResources();
 }
 
 function createTabItemSpec(item: TabViewItem): org.nativescript.widgets.TabItemSpec {
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition-helper.ios.ts b/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition-helper.ios.ts
index b0d0f6884..11a66859f 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition-helper.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition-helper.ios.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { getPageStartDefaultsForType, getRectFromProps, getSpringFromProps, Shar
 import { isNumber } from '../../utils/types';
 import { Screen } from '../../platform';
 import { CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS } from '../../utils/common';
-import { iOSNativeHelper } from '../../utils/native-helper';
+import { ios as iOSUtils } from '../../utils/native-helper';
 
 interface PlatformTransitionInteractiveState extends TransitionInteractiveState {
 	transitionContext?: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 								// in case the image is loaded async, we need to update the snapshot when it changes
 								// todo: remove listener on transition end
 								presentedView.on('imageSourceChange', () => {
-									snapshot.image = iOSNativeHelper.snapshotView(presentedSharedElement, Screen.mainScreen.scale);
+									snapshot.image = iOSUtils.snapshotView(presentedSharedElement, Screen.mainScreen.scale);
 									snapshot.tintColor = presentedSharedElement.tintColor;
 								});
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 								snapshot.contentMode = presentedSharedElement.contentMode;
 							}
 
-							iOSNativeHelper.copyLayerProperties(snapshot, presentingSharedElement, pageEndProps?.propertiesToMatch);
+							iOSUtils.copyLayerProperties(snapshot, presentingSharedElement, pageEndProps?.propertiesToMatch as any);
 							snapshot.clipsToBounds = true;
 							// console.log('---> snapshot: ', snapshot);
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 							const endFrame = presentedSharedElement.convertRectToView(presentedSharedElement.bounds, transitionContext.containerView);
 							snapshot.frame = startFrame;
 							if (SharedTransition.DEBUG) {
-								console.log('---> ', presentingView.sharedTransitionTag, ' frame:', iOSNativeHelper.printCGRect(snapshot.frame));
+								console.log('---> ', presentingView.sharedTransitionTag, ' frame:', iOSUtils.printCGRect(snapshot.frame));
 							}
 
 							transition.sharedElements.presenting.push({
@@ -151,11 +151,11 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 									await pageEndProps?.callback(independentView, 'present');
 								}
 
-								let snapshot: UIImageView;
+								// let snapshot: UIImageView;
 								// if (isPresented) {
 								// 	snapshot = UIImageView.alloc().init();
 								// } else {
-								snapshot = UIImageView.alloc().initWithImage(iOSNativeHelper.snapshotView(independentSharedElement, Screen.mainScreen.scale));
+								const snapshot = UIImageView.alloc().initWithImage(iOSUtils.snapshotView(independentSharedElement, Screen.mainScreen.scale));
 								// }
 
 								if (independentSharedElement instanceof UIImageView) {
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 								snapshot.frame = startFrame; //startFrameAdjusted;
 								// }
 								if (SharedTransition.DEBUG) {
-									console.log('---> ', independentView.sharedTransitionTag, ' frame:', iOSNativeHelper.printCGRect(snapshot.frame));
+									console.log('---> ', independentView.sharedTransitionTag, ' frame:', iOSUtils.printCGRect(snapshot.frame));
 								}
 
 								const endFrameRect = getRectFromProps(pageEndProps);
@@ -289,18 +289,18 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 							presentingMatch.snapshot.frame = correctedEndFrame;
 
 							// apply view and layer properties to the snapshot view to match the source/presented view
-							iOSNativeHelper.copyLayerProperties(presentingMatch.snapshot, presented.view.ios, presented.propertiesToMatch);
+							iOSUtils.copyLayerProperties(presentingMatch.snapshot, presented.view.ios, presented.propertiesToMatch as any);
 							// create a snapshot of the presented view
-							presentingMatch.snapshot.image = iOSNativeHelper.snapshotView(presented.view.ios, Screen.mainScreen.scale);
+							presentingMatch.snapshot.image = iOSUtils.snapshotView(presented.view.ios, Screen.mainScreen.scale);
 							// apply correct alpha
 							presentingMatch.snapshot.alpha = presentingMatch.endOpacity;
 
 							if (SharedTransition.DEBUG) {
-								console.log(`---> ${presentingMatch.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSNativeHelper.printCGRect(correctedEndFrame));
+								console.log(`---> ${presentingMatch.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSUtils.printCGRect(correctedEndFrame));
 							}
 						}
 						for (const independent of transition.sharedElements.independent) {
-							let endFrame: CGRect = independent.endFrame;
+							const endFrame: CGRect = independent.endFrame;
 							// if (independent.isPresented) {
 							// 	const updatedEndFrame = independent.view.ios.convertRectToView(independent.view.ios.bounds, transitionContext.containerView);
 							// 	endFrame = CGRectMake(updatedEndFrame.origin.x, updatedEndFrame.origin.y, independent.endFrame.size.width, independent.endFrame.size.height);
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 							independent.snapshot.alpha = independent.endOpacity;
 
 							if (SharedTransition.DEBUG) {
-								console.log(`---> ${independent.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSNativeHelper.printCGRect(independent.endFrame));
+								console.log(`---> ${independent.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSUtils.printCGRect(independent.endFrame));
 							}
 						}
 					};
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 							}
 						);
 					} else {
-						iOSNativeHelper.animateWithSpring({
+						iOSUtils.animateWithSpring({
 							...getSpringFromProps(pageEnd?.spring),
 							animations: () => {
 								animateProperties();
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 						}
 
 						// take a new snapshot
-						data.snapshot.image = iOSNativeHelper.snapshotView(view, Screen.mainScreen.scale);
+						data.snapshot.image = iOSUtils.snapshotView(view, Screen.mainScreen.scale);
 
 						// find the currently visible view with the same sharedTransitionTag
 						const fromView = transition.sharedElements.presented.find((p) => p.view.sharedTransitionTag === data.view.sharedTransitionTag)?.view;
@@ -458,12 +458,12 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 						transition.presented.view.frame = CGRectMake(endFrame.x, endFrame.y, endFrame.width, endFrame.height);
 
 						for (const presenting of transition.sharedElements.presenting) {
-							iOSNativeHelper.copyLayerProperties(presenting.snapshot, presenting.view.ios, presenting.propertiesToMatch);
+							iOSUtils.copyLayerProperties(presenting.snapshot, presenting.view.ios, presenting.propertiesToMatch as any);
 							presenting.snapshot.frame = presenting.startFrame;
 							presenting.snapshot.alpha = presenting.startOpacity;
 
 							if (SharedTransition.DEBUG) {
-								console.log(`---> ${presenting.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSNativeHelper.printCGRect(presenting.snapshot.frame));
+								console.log(`---> ${presenting.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSUtils.printCGRect(presenting.snapshot.frame));
 							}
 						}
 
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 							}
 
 							if (SharedTransition.DEBUG) {
-								console.log(`---> ${independent.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSNativeHelper.printCGRect(independent.snapshot.frame));
+								console.log(`---> ${independent.view.sharedTransitionTag} animate to: `, iOSUtils.printCGRect(independent.snapshot.frame));
 							}
 						}
 					};
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 							}
 						);
 					} else {
-						iOSNativeHelper.animateWithSpring({
+						iOSUtils.animateWithSpring({
 							...getSpringFromProps(pageReturn?.spring),
 							animations: () => {
 								animateProperties();
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ export class SharedTransitionHelper {
 			interactiveState.propertyAnimator = UIViewPropertyAnimator.alloc().initWithDurationDampingRatioAnimations(1, 1, () => {
 				for (const p of state.instance.sharedElements.presenting) {
 					p.snapshot.frame = p.startFrame;
-					iOSNativeHelper.copyLayerProperties(p.snapshot, p.view.ios, p.propertiesToMatch);
+					iOSUtils.copyLayerProperties(p.snapshot, p.view.ios, p.propertiesToMatch as any);
 
 					p.snapshot.alpha = 1;
 				}
diff --git a/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition.ts b/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition.ts
index 715efe4ea..4f4f2ec21 100644
--- a/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition.ts
+++ b/packages/core/ui/transition/shared-transition.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import type { Transition, TransitionNavigationType, SharedTransitionTagPropertiesToMatch } from '.';
 import { Observable } from '../../data/observable';
 import { Screen } from '../../platform';
-import { isNumber } from '../../utils/types';
-import { CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS } from '../../utils/common';
+import { isNumber, CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS } from '../../utils';
 import { querySelectorAll, ViewBase } from '../core/view-base';
 import type { View } from '../core/view';
 import type { PanGestureEventData } from '../gestures';
@@ -13,8 +12,16 @@ export enum SharedTransitionAnimationType {
 	dismiss,
 }
 type SharedTransitionEventAction = 'present' | 'dismiss' | 'interactiveStart' | 'interactiveFinish';
-export type SharedTransitionEventDataPayload = { id: number; type: TransitionNavigationType; action?: SharedTransitionEventAction; percent?: number };
-export type SharedTransitionEventData = { eventName: string; data: SharedTransitionEventDataPayload };
+export type SharedTransitionEventDataPayload = {
+	id: number;
+	type: TransitionNavigationType;
+	action?: SharedTransitionEventAction;
+	percent?: number;
+};
+export type SharedTransitionEventData = {
+	eventName: string;
+	data: SharedTransitionEventDataPayload;
+};
 export type SharedRect = { x?: number; y?: number; width?: number; height?: number };
 export type SharedProperties = SharedRect & {
 	opacity?: number;
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/android/index.ts b/packages/core/utils/android/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ecad29011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/utils/android/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+import { Application } from '../../application';
+import { Trace } from '../../trace';
+
+let application: android.app.Application;
+let applicationContext: android.content.Context;
+let contextResources: android.content.res.Resources;
+let packageName: string;
+
+export function getApplicationContext() {
+	if (!applicationContext) {
+		applicationContext = getApplication().getApplicationContext();
+	}
+
+	return applicationContext;
+}
+export function getCurrentActivity() {
+	if (!Application) {
+		return null;
+	}
+	return Application.android.foregroundActivity || Application.android.startActivity;
+}
+export function getApplication() {
+	if (!application) {
+		application = Application.android.getNativeApplication();
+	}
+
+	return application;
+}
+export function getResources() {
+	if (!contextResources) {
+		contextResources = getApplication().getResources();
+	}
+
+	return contextResources;
+}
+export function getPackageName() {
+	if (!packageName) {
+		packageName = getApplicationContext().getPackageName();
+	}
+
+	return packageName;
+}
+
+let inputMethodManager: android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
+export function getInputMethodManager(): android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager {
+	if (!inputMethodManager) {
+		inputMethodManager = <android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager>getApplicationContext().getSystemService(android.content.Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
+	}
+
+	return inputMethodManager;
+}
+
+export function showSoftInput(nativeView: android.view.View): void {
+	const inputManager = getInputMethodManager();
+	if (inputManager && nativeView instanceof android.view.View) {
+		inputManager.showSoftInput(nativeView, android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager.SHOW_IMPLICIT);
+	}
+}
+
+export function dismissSoftInput(nativeView?: android.view.View): void {
+	const inputManager = getInputMethodManager();
+	let windowToken: android.os.IBinder;
+
+	if (nativeView instanceof android.view.View) {
+		if (!nativeView.hasFocus()) {
+			return;
+		}
+		windowToken = nativeView.getWindowToken();
+	} else if (getCurrentActivity() instanceof androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
+		const decorView = getCurrentActivity().getWindow().getDecorView();
+		if (decorView) {
+			windowToken = decorView.getWindowToken();
+			decorView.requestFocus();
+		} else {
+			windowToken = null;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (inputManager && windowToken) {
+		inputManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(windowToken, 0);
+	}
+}
+
+export namespace collections {
+	export function stringArrayToStringSet(str: string[]): java.util.HashSet<string> {
+		const hashSet = new java.util.HashSet<string>();
+		if (str !== undefined) {
+			for (const element in str) {
+				hashSet.add('' + str[element]);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return hashSet;
+	}
+
+	export function stringSetToStringArray(stringSet: any): string[] {
+		const arr = [];
+		if (stringSet !== undefined) {
+			const it = stringSet.iterator();
+			while (it.hasNext()) {
+				const element = '' + it.next();
+				arr.push(element);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return arr;
+	}
+}
+
+export namespace resources {
+	let attr;
+	const attrCache = new Map<string, number>();
+
+	export function getDrawableId(name) {
+		return getId(':drawable/' + name);
+	}
+
+	export function getStringId(name) {
+		return getId(':string/' + name);
+	}
+
+	export function getId(name: string): number {
+		const resources = getResources();
+		const packageName = getPackageName();
+		const uri = packageName + name;
+
+		return resources.getIdentifier(uri, null, null);
+	}
+	export function getResource(name: string, type?: string): number {
+		return getResources().getIdentifier(name, type, getPackageName());
+	}
+	export function getPalleteColor(name: string, context: android.content.Context): number {
+		return getPaletteColor(name, context);
+	}
+	export function getPaletteColor(name: string, context: android.content.Context): number {
+		if (attrCache.has(name)) {
+			return attrCache.get(name);
+		}
+
+		let result = 0;
+		try {
+			if (!attr) {
+				attr = java.lang.Class.forName('androidx.appcompat.R$attr');
+			}
+
+			let colorID = 0;
+			const field = attr.getField(name);
+			if (field) {
+				colorID = field.getInt(null);
+			}
+
+			if (colorID) {
+				const typedValue = new android.util.TypedValue();
+				context.getTheme().resolveAttribute(colorID, typedValue, true);
+				result = typedValue.data;
+			}
+		} catch (ex) {
+			Trace.write('Cannot get pallete color: ' + name, Trace.categories.Error, Trace.messageType.error);
+		}
+
+		attrCache.set(name, result);
+
+		return result;
+	}
+}
+
+export function isRealDevice(): boolean {
+	const fingerprint = android.os.Build.FINGERPRINT;
+
+	return fingerprint != null && (fingerprint.indexOf('vbox') > -1 || fingerprint.indexOf('generic') > -1);
+}
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/index.android.ts b/packages/core/utils/index.android.ts
index 5677c5451..429ea7eed 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/index.android.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
-import { ad } from './native-helper';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
 import { getFileExtension } from './common';
 import { SDK_VERSION } from './constants';
+import { android as AndroidUtils } from './native-helper';
 
-export { ad, dataDeserialize, dataSerialize, iOSNativeHelper } from './native-helper';
-export * from './layout-helper';
+export { clearInterval, clearTimeout, setInterval, setTimeout } from '../timer';
 export * from './common';
-export { Source } from './debug';
+export * from './constants';
+export * from './debug';
+export * from './layout-helper';
+export * from './macrotask-scheduler';
+export * from './mainthread-helper';
+export * from './native-helper';
+export * from './types';
 
 const MIN_URI_SHARE_RESTRICTED_APK_VERSION = 24;
 
@@ -19,7 +24,7 @@ export function releaseNativeObject(object: java.lang.Object) {
 }
 
 export function openUrl(location: string): boolean {
-	const context = ad.getApplicationContext();
+	const context = AndroidUtils.getApplicationContext();
 	try {
 		const intent = new android.content.Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW, android.net.Uri.parse(location.trim()));
 		intent.addFlags(android.content.Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
@@ -82,7 +87,7 @@ function getMimeTypeNameFromExtension(filePath: string): string {
  * @returns {boolean} whether opening the file succeeded or not
  */
 export function openFile(filePath: string, title: string = 'Open File...'): boolean {
-	const context = ad.getApplicationContext();
+	const context = AndroidUtils.getApplicationContext();
 	try {
 		// Ensure external storage is available
 		if (!isExternalStorageAvailable()) {
@@ -164,17 +169,17 @@ Please ensure you have your manifest correctly configured with the FileProvider.
 }
 
 export function isRealDevice(): boolean {
-	return ad.isRealDevice();
+	return AndroidUtils.isRealDevice();
 }
 
 export function dismissSoftInput(nativeView?: any): void {
-	ad.dismissSoftInput(nativeView);
+	AndroidUtils.dismissSoftInput(nativeView);
 }
 
 export function dismissKeyboard() {
 	dismissSoftInput();
 
-	const activity = ad.getCurrentActivity();
+	const activity = AndroidUtils.getCurrentActivity();
 	if (activity) {
 		const focus = activity.getCurrentFocus();
 
@@ -186,7 +191,7 @@ export function dismissKeyboard() {
 
 export function copyToClipboard(value: string) {
 	try {
-		const clipboard = ad.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(android.content.Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
+		const clipboard = AndroidUtils.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(android.content.Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
 		const clip = android.content.ClipData.newPlainText('Clipboard value', value);
 		clipboard.setPrimaryClip(clip);
 	} catch (err) {
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/index.d.ts b/packages/core/utils/index.d.ts
index 63c785c71..90beec410 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/index.d.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/index.d.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-import { CoreTypes } from '../core-types';
-
-export * from './mainthread-helper';
-export * from './macrotask-scheduler';
-export { Source } from './debug';
-
-export * from './layout-helper';
-export * from './native-helper';
+export { clearInterval, clearTimeout, setInterval, setTimeout } from '../timer';
 export * from './common';
+export * from './constants';
+export * from './debug';
+export * from './layout-helper';
+export * from './macrotask-scheduler';
+export * from './mainthread-helper';
+export * from './native-helper';
+export * from './types';
 
 export const RESOURCE_PREFIX: string;
 export const FILE_PREFIX: string;
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/index.ios.ts b/packages/core/utils/index.ios.ts
index 815218894..5ea39931c 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/index.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/index.ios.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,23 @@
-import { iOSNativeHelper } from './native-helper';
 import { Trace } from '../trace';
+import { ios as iOSUtils } from './native-helper';
 
-export { dataDeserialize, dataSerialize, iOSNativeHelper } from './native-helper';
-export * from './layout-helper';
+export { clearInterval, clearTimeout, setInterval, setTimeout } from '../timer';
 export * from './common';
-export { Source } from './debug';
+export * from './constants';
+export * from './debug';
+export * from './layout-helper';
+export * from './macrotask-scheduler';
+export * from './mainthread-helper';
+export * from './native-helper';
+export * from './types';
 
 export function openFile(filePath: string): boolean {
 	try {
-		const appPath = iOSNativeHelper.getCurrentAppPath();
-		const path = iOSNativeHelper.isRealDevice() ? filePath.replace('~', appPath) : filePath;
+		const appPath = iOSUtils.getCurrentAppPath();
+		const path = iOSUtils.isRealDevice() ? filePath.replace('~', appPath) : filePath;
 
 		const controller = UIDocumentInteractionController.interactionControllerWithURL(NSURL.fileURLWithPath(path));
-		controller.delegate = iOSNativeHelper.createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate();
+		controller.delegate = iOSUtils.createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate();
 
 		return controller.presentPreviewAnimated(true);
 	} catch (e) {
@@ -45,7 +50,7 @@ export function openUrl(location: string): boolean {
 }
 
 export function isRealDevice(): boolean {
-	return iOSNativeHelper.isRealDevice();
+	return iOSUtils.isRealDevice();
 }
 
 export const ad = 0;
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/ios/index.ts b/packages/core/utils/ios/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c9170a656
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/utils/ios/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+import { Color } from '../../color';
+import { Trace } from '../../trace';
+import { CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS, getDurationWithDampingFromSpring } from '../common';
+
+declare let UIImagePickerControllerSourceType: any;
+
+const radToDeg = Math.PI / 180;
+
+function isOrientationLandscape(orientation: number) {
+	return orientation === UIDeviceOrientation.LandscapeLeft /* 3 */ || orientation === UIDeviceOrientation.LandscapeRight /* 4 */;
+}
+
+function openFileAtRootModule(filePath: string): boolean {
+	try {
+		const appPath = getCurrentAppPath();
+		const path = isRealDevice() ? filePath.replace('~', appPath) : filePath;
+
+		const controller = UIDocumentInteractionController.interactionControllerWithURL(NSURL.fileURLWithPath(path));
+		controller.delegate = createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate();
+
+		return controller.presentPreviewAnimated(true);
+	} catch (e) {
+		Trace.write('Error in openFile', Trace.categories.Error, Trace.messageType.error);
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+// TODO: remove for NativeScript 9.0
+export function getter<T>(_this: any, property: T | { (): T }): T {
+	console.log('utils.ios.getter() is deprecated; use the respective native property instead');
+	if (typeof property === 'function') {
+		return (<{ (): T }>property).call(_this);
+	} else {
+		return <T>property;
+	}
+}
+
+export namespace collections {
+	export function jsArrayToNSArray<T>(str: T[]): NSArray<T> {
+		return NSArray.arrayWithArray(str);
+	}
+
+	export function nsArrayToJSArray<T>(a: NSArray<T>): Array<T> {
+		const arr = [];
+		if (a !== undefined) {
+			const count = a.count;
+			for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+				arr.push(a.objectAtIndex(i));
+			}
+		}
+
+		return arr;
+	}
+}
+
+export function getRootViewController(): UIViewController {
+	const win = getWindow();
+	let vc = win && win.rootViewController;
+	while (vc && vc.presentedViewController) {
+		vc = vc.presentedViewController;
+	}
+	return vc;
+}
+
+export function getWindow(): UIWindow {
+	const app = UIApplication.sharedApplication;
+	if (!app) {
+		return;
+	}
+	return app.keyWindow || (app.windows && app.windows.count > 0 && app.windows.objectAtIndex(0));
+}
+
+export function setWindowBackgroundColor(value: string) {
+	const win = getWindow();
+	if (win) {
+		const bgColor = new Color(value);
+		win.backgroundColor = bgColor.ios;
+		const rootVc = getRootViewController();
+		if (rootVc?.view) {
+			rootVc.view.backgroundColor = bgColor.ios;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+export function isLandscape(): boolean {
+	console.log('utils.ios.isLandscape() is deprecated; use application.orientation instead');
+
+	const deviceOrientation = UIDevice.currentDevice.orientation;
+	const statusBarOrientation = UIApplication.sharedApplication.statusBarOrientation;
+
+	const isDeviceOrientationLandscape = isOrientationLandscape(deviceOrientation);
+	const isStatusBarOrientationLandscape = isOrientationLandscape(statusBarOrientation);
+
+	return isDeviceOrientationLandscape || isStatusBarOrientationLandscape;
+}
+
+export const MajorVersion = NSString.stringWithString(UIDevice.currentDevice.systemVersion).intValue;
+
+export function openFile(filePath: string): boolean {
+	console.log('utils.ios.openFile() is deprecated; use utils.openFile() instead');
+
+	return openFileAtRootModule(filePath);
+}
+
+export function getCurrentAppPath(): string {
+	const currentDir = __dirname;
+	const tnsModulesIndex = currentDir.indexOf('/tns_modules');
+
+	// Module not hosted in ~/tns_modules when bundled. Use current dir.
+	let appPath = currentDir;
+	if (tnsModulesIndex !== -1) {
+		// Strip part after tns_modules to obtain app root
+		appPath = currentDir.substring(0, tnsModulesIndex);
+	}
+
+	return appPath;
+}
+
+export function joinPaths(...paths: string[]): string {
+	if (!paths || paths.length === 0) {
+		return '';
+	}
+
+	return NSString.stringWithString(NSString.pathWithComponents(<any>paths)).stringByStandardizingPath;
+}
+
+export function getVisibleViewController(rootViewController: UIViewController): UIViewController {
+	let viewController = rootViewController;
+
+	while (viewController && viewController.presentedViewController) {
+		viewController = viewController.presentedViewController;
+	}
+	return viewController;
+}
+
+export function applyRotateTransform(transform: CATransform3D, x: number, y: number, z: number): CATransform3D {
+	if (x) {
+		transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, x * radToDeg, 1, 0, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (y) {
+		transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, y * radToDeg, 0, 1, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (z) {
+		transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, z * radToDeg, 0, 0, 1);
+	}
+
+	return transform;
+}
+
+export function getShadowLayer(nativeView: UIView, name: string = 'ns-shadow-layer', create: boolean = true): CALayer {
+	return nativeView.layer;
+
+	console.log(`--- ${create ? 'CREATE' : 'READ'}`);
+
+	/**
+	 * UIView
+	 *  -> Shadow
+	 *
+	 *
+	 *  UIView
+	 *   -> UIView
+	 *   -> Shadow
+	 */
+
+	if (!nativeView) {
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	if (!nativeView.layer) {
+		// should never hit this?
+		console.log('- no layer! -');
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	// if the nativeView's layer is the shadow layer?
+	if (nativeView.layer.name === name) {
+		console.log('- found shadow layer - reusing.');
+		return nativeView.layer;
+	}
+
+	console.log('>> layer                :', nativeView.layer);
+	if (nativeView.layer.sublayers?.count) {
+		const count = nativeView.layer.sublayers.count;
+		for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+			const subLayer = nativeView.layer.sublayers.objectAtIndex(i);
+
+			console.log(`>> subLayer ${i + 1}/${count}         :`, subLayer);
+			console.log(`>> subLayer ${i + 1}/${count} name    :`, subLayer.name);
+
+			if (subLayer.name === name) {
+				console.log('- found shadow sublayer - reusing.');
+				return subLayer;
+			}
+		}
+		// if (nativeView instanceof UITextView) {
+		// 	return nativeView.layer.sublayers.objectAtIndex(1);
+		// } else {
+		// 	return nativeView.layer.sublayers.objectAtIndex(nativeView.layer.sublayers.count - 1);
+		// }
+	}
+	// else {
+	// 		layer = nativeView.layer;
+	// }
+
+	// we're not interested in creating a new layer
+	if (!create) {
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	console.log(`- adding a new layer for - ${name}`);
+
+	const viewLayer = nativeView.layer;
+	const newLayer = CALayer.layer();
+
+	newLayer.name = name;
+	newLayer.zPosition = 0.0;
+	// nativeView.layer.insertSublayerBelow(newLayer, nativeView.layer)
+	// newLayer.insertSublayerAtIndex(nativeView.layer, 0)
+	// nativeView.layer.zPosition = 1.0;
+	// nativeView.layer.addSublayer(newLayer);
+
+	// nativeView.layer = CALayer.layer()
+
+	nativeView.layer.insertSublayerAtIndex(newLayer, 0);
+	// nativeView.layer.insertSublayerAtIndex(viewLayer, 1)
+
+	// nativeView.layer.replaceSublayerWith(newLayer, nativeView.layer);
+
+	return newLayer;
+}
+
+export function createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate(): NSObject {
+	@NativeClass
+	class UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegateImpl extends NSObject implements UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate {
+		public static ObjCProtocols = [UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate];
+
+		public getViewController(): UIViewController {
+			const app = UIApplication.sharedApplication;
+
+			return app.keyWindow.rootViewController;
+		}
+
+		public documentInteractionControllerViewControllerForPreview(controller: UIDocumentInteractionController) {
+			return this.getViewController();
+		}
+
+		public documentInteractionControllerViewForPreview(controller: UIDocumentInteractionController) {
+			return this.getViewController().view;
+		}
+
+		public documentInteractionControllerRectForPreview(controller: UIDocumentInteractionController): CGRect {
+			return this.getViewController().view.frame;
+		}
+	}
+	return new UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegateImpl();
+}
+
+export function isRealDevice() {
+	try {
+		// https://stackoverflow.com/a/5093092/4936697
+		const sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera;
+		const mediaTypes = UIImagePickerController.availableMediaTypesForSourceType(sourceType);
+
+		return !!mediaTypes;
+	} catch (e) {
+		return true;
+	}
+}
+
+export function printCGRect(rect: CGRect) {
+	if (rect) {
+		return `CGRect(${rect.origin.x} ${rect.origin.y} ${rect.size.width} ${rect.size.height})`;
+	}
+}
+
+export function snapshotView(view: UIView, scale: number): UIImage {
+	if (view instanceof UIImageView) {
+		return view.image;
+	}
+	// console.log('snapshotView view.frame:', printRect(view.frame));
+	const originalOpacity = view.layer.opacity;
+	view.layer.opacity = originalOpacity > 0 ? originalOpacity : 1;
+	UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(view.frame.size.width, view.frame.size.height), false, scale);
+	view.layer.renderInContext(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext());
+	const image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
+	UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
+	view.layer.opacity = originalOpacity;
+	return image;
+}
+
+export function copyLayerProperties(view: UIView, toView: UIView, customProperties?: { view?: Array<keyof UIView>; layer?: Array<keyof CALayer> }) {
+	const viewPropertiesToMatch: Array<keyof UIView> = customProperties?.view || ['backgroundColor'];
+	const layerPropertiesToMatch: Array<keyof CALayer> = customProperties?.layer || ['cornerRadius', 'borderWidth', 'borderColor'];
+
+	viewPropertiesToMatch.forEach((property) => {
+		if (view[property] !== toView[property]) {
+			// console.log('|    -- matching view property:', property);
+			view[property as any] = toView[property];
+		}
+	});
+
+	layerPropertiesToMatch.forEach((property) => {
+		if (view.layer[property] !== toView.layer[property]) {
+			// console.log('|    -- matching layer property:', property);
+			view.layer[property as any] = toView.layer[property];
+		}
+	});
+}
+
+export function animateWithSpring(options?: { tension?: number; friction?: number; mass?: number; delay?: number; velocity?: number; animateOptions?: UIViewAnimationOptions; animations?: () => void; completion?: (finished?: boolean) => void }) {
+	// for convenience, default spring settings are provided
+	const opt = {
+		...CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS.spring,
+		delay: 0,
+		animateOptions: null,
+		animations: null,
+		completion: null,
+		...(options || {}),
+	};
+	const { duration, damping } = getDurationWithDampingFromSpring(opt);
+
+	if (duration === 0) {
+		UIView.animateWithDurationAnimationsCompletion(0, opt.animations, opt.completion);
+		return;
+	}
+	UIView.animateWithDurationDelayUsingSpringWithDampingInitialSpringVelocityOptionsAnimationsCompletion(duration, opt.delay, damping, opt.velocity, opt.animateOptions, opt.animations, opt.completion);
+}
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/layout-helper/index.android.ts b/packages/core/utils/layout-helper/index.android.ts
index 920b7a123..825858729 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/layout-helper/index.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/layout-helper/index.android.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import * as layoutCommon from './layout-helper-common';
-import { ad } from '../native-helper';
+import { android as AndroidUtils } from '../native-helper';
 
 // export * from './layout-helper-common';
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export namespace layout {
 	export function makeMeasureSpec(size: number, mode: number): number {
 		if (sdkVersion === undefined) {
 			// check whether the old layout is needed
-			sdkVersion = ad.getApplicationContext().getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion;
+			sdkVersion = AndroidUtils.getApplicationContext().getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion;
 			useOldMeasureSpec = sdkVersion <= 17;
 		}
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ export namespace layout {
 
 	export function getDisplayDensity(): number {
 		if (density === undefined) {
-			density = ad.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
+			density = AndroidUtils.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
 		}
 
 		return density;
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/mainthread-helper.android.ts b/packages/core/utils/mainthread-helper.android.ts
index 8f47797a9..0017c6999 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/mainthread-helper.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/mainthread-helper.android.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { ad } from './native-helper';
+import { android as androidHelper } from './native-helper';
 
 export function dispatchToMainThread(func: () => void) {
 	const runOnMainThread = (global as any).__runOnMainThread;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export function isMainThread(): boolean {
 }
 
 export function dispatchToUIThread(func: () => void) {
-	const activity: androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity = ad.getCurrentActivity();
+	const activity = androidHelper.getCurrentActivity();
 	if (activity && func) {
 		activity.runOnUiThread(
 			new java.lang.Runnable({
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/native-helper.android.ts b/packages/core/utils/native-helper.android.ts
index 3d8339107..de702cb1d 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/native-helper.android.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/native-helper.android.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { getNativeApplication, android as androidApp } from '../application';
-import { Trace } from '../trace';
+import * as AndroidUtils from './android';
+import { platformCheck } from './platform-check';
 import { numberHasDecimals, numberIs64Bit } from './types';
 
 export function dataDeserialize(nativeData?: any) {
@@ -140,175 +140,13 @@ export function dataSerialize(data?: any, wrapPrimitives?: boolean) {
 	}
 }
 
-// We are using "ad" here to avoid namespace collision with the global android object
-export namespace ad {
-	let application: android.app.Application;
-	let applicationContext: android.content.Context;
-	let contextResources: android.content.res.Resources;
-	let packageName: string;
-	export function getApplicationContext() {
-		if (!applicationContext) {
-			applicationContext = getApplication().getApplicationContext();
-		}
+export import android = AndroidUtils;
 
-		return applicationContext;
-	}
-	export function getCurrentActivity() {
-		if (!androidApp) {
-			return null;
-		}
-		return androidApp.foregroundActivity || androidApp.startActivity;
-	}
-	export function getApplication() {
-		if (!application) {
-			application = <android.app.Application>getNativeApplication();
-		}
+/**
+ * @deprecated Use `Utils.android` instead.
+ */
+export import ad = AndroidUtils;
 
-		return application;
-	}
-	export function getResources() {
-		if (!contextResources) {
-			contextResources = getApplication().getResources();
-		}
-
-		return contextResources;
-	}
-	function getPackageName() {
-		if (!packageName) {
-			packageName = getApplicationContext().getPackageName();
-		}
-
-		return packageName;
-	}
-
-	let inputMethodManager: android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
-	export function getInputMethodManager(): android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager {
-		if (!inputMethodManager) {
-			inputMethodManager = <android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager>getApplicationContext().getSystemService(android.content.Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
-		}
-
-		return inputMethodManager;
-	}
-
-	export function showSoftInput(nativeView: android.view.View): void {
-		const inputManager = getInputMethodManager();
-		if (inputManager && nativeView instanceof android.view.View) {
-			inputManager.showSoftInput(nativeView, android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager.SHOW_IMPLICIT);
-		}
-	}
-
-	export function dismissSoftInput(nativeView?: android.view.View): void {
-		const inputManager = getInputMethodManager();
-		let windowToken: android.os.IBinder;
-
-		if (nativeView instanceof android.view.View) {
-			if (!nativeView.hasFocus()) {
-				return;
-			}
-			windowToken = nativeView.getWindowToken();
-		} else if (getCurrentActivity() instanceof androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity) {
-			const decorView = getCurrentActivity().getWindow().getDecorView();
-			if (decorView) {
-				windowToken = decorView.getWindowToken();
-				decorView.requestFocus();
-			} else {
-				windowToken = null;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (inputManager && windowToken) {
-			inputManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(windowToken, 0);
-		}
-	}
-
-	export namespace collections {
-		export function stringArrayToStringSet(str: string[]): java.util.HashSet<string> {
-			const hashSet = new java.util.HashSet<string>();
-			if (str !== undefined) {
-				for (const element in str) {
-					hashSet.add('' + str[element]);
-				}
-			}
-
-			return hashSet;
-		}
-
-		export function stringSetToStringArray(stringSet: any): string[] {
-			const arr = [];
-			if (stringSet !== undefined) {
-				const it = stringSet.iterator();
-				while (it.hasNext()) {
-					const element = '' + it.next();
-					arr.push(element);
-				}
-			}
-
-			return arr;
-		}
-	}
-
-	export namespace resources {
-		let attr;
-		const attrCache = new Map<string, number>();
-
-		export function getDrawableId(name) {
-			return getId(':drawable/' + name);
-		}
-
-		export function getStringId(name) {
-			return getId(':string/' + name);
-		}
-
-		export function getId(name: string): number {
-			const resources = getResources();
-			const packageName = getPackageName();
-			const uri = packageName + name;
-
-			return resources.getIdentifier(uri, null, null);
-		}
-		export function getResource(name: string, type?: string): number {
-			return getResources().getIdentifier(name, type, getPackageName());
-		}
-		export function getPalleteColor(name: string, context: android.content.Context): number {
-			return getPaletteColor(name, context);
-		}
-		export function getPaletteColor(name: string, context: android.content.Context): number {
-			if (attrCache.has(name)) {
-				return attrCache.get(name);
-			}
-
-			let result = 0;
-			try {
-				if (!attr) {
-					attr = java.lang.Class.forName('androidx.appcompat.R$attr');
-				}
-
-				let colorID = 0;
-				const field = attr.getField(name);
-				if (field) {
-					colorID = field.getInt(null);
-				}
-
-				if (colorID) {
-					const typedValue = new android.util.TypedValue();
-					context.getTheme().resolveAttribute(colorID, typedValue, true);
-					result = typedValue.data;
-				}
-			} catch (ex) {
-				Trace.write('Cannot get pallete color: ' + name, Trace.categories.Error, Trace.messageType.error);
-			}
-
-			attrCache.set(name, result);
-
-			return result;
-		}
-	}
-
-	export function isRealDevice(): boolean {
-		const fingerprint = android.os.Build.FINGERPRINT;
-
-		return fingerprint != null && (fingerprint.indexOf('vbox') > -1 || fingerprint.indexOf('generic') > -1);
-	}
-}
-
-export const iOSNativeHelper = 0;
+// these don't exist on Android.Stub them to empty functions.
+export const iOSNativeHelper = platformCheck('Utils.iOSNativeHelper');
+export const ios = platformCheck('Utils.ios');
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/native-helper.d.ts b/packages/core/utils/native-helper.d.ts
index 65fadf36f..9d1756eaa 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/native-helper.d.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/native-helper.d.ts
@@ -9,262 +9,279 @@ export function dataSerialize(data?: any, wrapPrimitives?: boolean): any;
  */
 export function dataDeserialize(nativeData?: any): any;
 
+// /**
+//  * Module with android specific utilities.
+//  */
+// declare namespace AndroidUtils {
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Gets the native Android application instance.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getApplication(): any; /* android.app.Application */
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Get the current native Android activity.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getCurrentActivity(): any; /* android.app.Activity */
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Gets the native Android application resources.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getResources(): any; /* android.content.res.Resources */
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Gets the Android application context.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getApplicationContext(): any; /* android.content.Context */
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Gets the native Android input method manager.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getInputMethodManager(): any; /* android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager */
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Hides the soft input method, usually a soft keyboard.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function dismissSoftInput(nativeView?: any /* android.view.View */): void;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Shows the soft input method, usually a soft keyboard.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function showSoftInput(nativeView: any /* android.view.View */): void;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Utility module dealing with some android collections.
+// 	 */
+// 	namespace collections {
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Converts string array into a String [hash set](http://developer.android.com/reference/java/util/HashSet.html).
+// 		 * @param str - An array of strings to convert.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function stringArrayToStringSet(str: string[]): any;
+
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Converts string hash set into array of strings.
+// 		 * @param stringSet - A string hash set to convert.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function stringSetToStringArray(stringSet: any): string[];
+// 	}
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Utility module related to android resources.
+// 	 */
+// 	export namespace resources {
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Gets the drawable id from a given name.
+// 		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function getDrawableId(name);
+
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Gets the string id from a given name.
+// 		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function getStringId(name);
+
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Gets the id from a given name.
+// 		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function getId(name: string): number;
+
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Gets the id from a given name with optional type.
+// 		 * This sets an explicit package name.
+// 		 * https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/res/Resources#getIdentifier(java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String)
+// 		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
+// 		 * @param type - (Optional) type
+// 		 */
+// 		export function getResource(name: string, type?: string): number;
+
+// 		/**
+// 		 * [Obsolete - please use getPaletteColor] Gets a color from current theme.
+// 		 * @param name - Name of the color
+// 		 */
+// 		export function getPalleteColor();
+
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Gets a color from the current theme.
+// 		 * @param name - Name of the color resource.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function getPaletteColor(name: string, context: any /* android.content.Context */): number;
+// 	}
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Checks whether the application is running on real device and not on emulator.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function isRealDevice(): boolean;
+// }
+
+// /**
+//  * Module with ios specific utilities.
+//  */
+// declare namespace iOSUtils {
+// 	// Common properties between UILabel, UITextView and UITextField
+// 	export interface TextUIView {
+// 		font: any;
+// 		textAlignment: number;
+// 		textColor: any;
+// 		text: string;
+// 		attributedText: any;
+// 		lineBreakMode: number;
+// 		numberOfLines: number;
+// 	}
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Utility module dealing with some iOS collections.
+// 	 */
+// 	export namespace collections {
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Converts JavaScript array to [NSArray](https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/Foundation/Classes/NSArray_Class/).
+// 		 * @param str - JavaScript string array to convert.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function jsArrayToNSArray<T>(str: T[]): NSArray<T>;
+
+// 		/**
+// 		 * Converts NSArray to JavaScript array.
+// 		 * @param a - NSArray to convert.
+// 		 */
+// 		export function nsArrayToJSArray<T>(a: NSArray<T>): T[];
+// 	}
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Get the root UIViewController of the app
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getRootViewController(): any; /* UIViewController */
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Get the UIWindow of the app
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getWindow(): any; /* UIWindow */
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Set the window background color of base view of the app.
+// 	 * Often this is shown when opening a modal as the view underneath scales down revealing the window color.
+// 	 * @param value color (hex, rgb, rgba, etc.)
+// 	 */
+// 	export function setWindowBackgroundColor(value: string): void;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Data serialize and deserialize helpers
+// 	 */
+// 	export function dataSerialize(data?: any): any;
+// 	export function dataDeserialize(nativeData?: any): any;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * @deprecated use application.orientation instead
+// 	 *
+// 	 * Gets an information about if current mode is Landscape.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function isLandscape(): boolean;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Gets the iOS device major version (for 8.1 will return 8).
+// 	 */
+// 	export const MajorVersion: number;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Opens file with associated application.
+// 	 * @param filePath The file path.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function openFile(filePath: string): boolean;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Joins an array of file paths.
+// 	 * @param paths An array of paths.
+// 	 * Returns the joined path.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function joinPaths(...paths: string[]): string;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Gets the root folder for the current application. This Folder is private for the application and not accessible from Users/External apps.
+// 	 * iOS - this folder is read-only and contains the app and all its resources.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getCurrentAppPath(): string;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Gets the currently visible(topmost) UIViewController.
+// 	 * @param rootViewController The root UIViewController instance to start searching from (normally window.rootViewController).
+// 	 * Returns the visible UIViewController.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getVisibleViewController(rootViewController: any /* UIViewController*/): any; /* UIViewController*/
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 *
+// 	 * @param transform Applies a rotation transform over X,Y and Z axis
+// 	 * @param x Rotation over X axis in degrees
+// 	 * @param y Rotation over Y axis in degrees
+// 	 * @param z Rotation over Z axis in degrees
+// 	 */
+// 	export function applyRotateTransform(transform: any /* CATransform3D*/, x: number, y: number, z: number): any; /* CATransform3D*/
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * @param nativeView UIView to find shadow layer with
+// 	 * @param name Name of the shadow layer if looking for specifically named layer
+// 	 * @param create should we create a new layer if not found
+// 	 */
+// 	export function getShadowLayer(nativeView: any /* UIView */, name?: string, create?: boolean): any; /* CALayer */
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Create a UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate implementation for use with UIDocumentInteractionController
+// 	 */
+// 	export function createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate(): any;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Checks whether the application is running on real device and not on simulator.
+// 	 */
+// 	export function isRealDevice(): boolean;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Debug utility to insert CGRect values into logging output.
+// 	 * Note: when printing a CGRect directly it will print blank so this helps show the values.
+// 	 * @param rect CGRect
+// 	 */
+// 	export function printCGRect(rect: CGRect): void;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Take a snapshot of a View on screen.
+// 	 * @param view view to snapshot
+// 	 * @param scale screen scale
+// 	 */
+// 	export function snapshotView(view: UIView, scale: number): UIImage;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Copy layer properties from one view to another.
+// 	 * @param view a view to copy layer properties to
+// 	 * @param toView a view to copy later properties from
+// 	 * @param (optional) custom properties to copy between both views
+// 	 */
+// 	export function copyLayerProperties(view: UIView, toView: UIView, customProperties?: { view?: Array<string> /* Array<keyof UIView> */; layer?: Array<string> /* Array<keyof CALayer> */ }): void;
+
+// 	/**
+// 	 * Animate views with a configurable spring effect
+// 	 * @param options various animation settings for the spring
+// 	 * - tension: number
+// 	 * - friction: number
+// 	 * - mass: number
+// 	 * - delay: number
+// 	 * - velocity: number
+// 	 * - animateOptions: UIViewAnimationOptions
+// 	 * - animations: () => void, Callback containing the property changes you want animated
+// 	 * - completion: (finished: boolean) => void, Callback when animation is finished
+// 	 */
+// 	export function animateWithSpring(options?: { tension?: number; friction?: number; mass?: number; delay?: number; velocity?: number; animateOptions?: UIViewAnimationOptions; animations?: () => void; completion?: (finished?: boolean) => void });
+// }
+
+import * as AndroidUtils from './android';
+export import android = AndroidUtils;
+
 /**
- * Module with android specific utilities.
+ * @deprecated use Utils.android instead.
  */
-export namespace ad {
-	/**
-	 * Gets the native Android application instance.
-	 */
-	export function getApplication(): any; /* android.app.Application */
+export import ad = AndroidUtils;
 
-	/**
-	 * Get the current native Android activity.
-	 */
-	export function getCurrentActivity(): any; /* android.app.Activity */
-	/**
-	 * Gets the native Android application resources.
-	 */
-	export function getResources(): any; /* android.content.res.Resources */
+import * as iOSUtils from './ios';
+export import ios = iOSUtils;
 
-	/**
-	 * Gets the Android application context.
-	 */
-	export function getApplicationContext(): any; /* android.content.Context */
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the native Android input method manager.
-	 */
-	export function getInputMethodManager(): any; /* android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager */
-
-	/**
-	 * Hides the soft input method, usually a soft keyboard.
-	 */
-	export function dismissSoftInput(nativeView?: any /* android.view.View */): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * Shows the soft input method, usually a soft keyboard.
-	 */
-	export function showSoftInput(nativeView: any /* android.view.View */): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * Utility module dealing with some android collections.
-	 */
-	namespace collections {
-		/**
-		 * Converts string array into a String [hash set](http://developer.android.com/reference/java/util/HashSet.html).
-		 * @param str - An array of strings to convert.
-		 */
-		export function stringArrayToStringSet(str: string[]): any;
-
-		/**
-		 * Converts string hash set into array of strings.
-		 * @param stringSet - A string hash set to convert.
-		 */
-		export function stringSetToStringArray(stringSet: any): string[];
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Utility module related to android resources.
-	 */
-	export namespace resources {
-		/**
-		 * Gets the drawable id from a given name.
-		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
-		 */
-		export function getDrawableId(name);
-
-		/**
-		 * Gets the string id from a given name.
-		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
-		 */
-		export function getStringId(name);
-
-		/**
-		 * Gets the id from a given name.
-		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
-		 */
-		export function getId(name: string): number;
-
-		/**
-		 * Gets the id from a given name with optional type.
-		 * This sets an explicit package name.
-		 * https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/res/Resources#getIdentifier(java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String)
-		 * @param name - Name of the resource.
-		 * @param type - (Optional) type
-		 */
-		export function getResource(name: string, type?: string): number;
-
-		/**
-		 * [Obsolete - please use getPaletteColor] Gets a color from current theme.
-		 * @param name - Name of the color
-		 */
-		export function getPalleteColor();
-
-		/**
-		 * Gets a color from the current theme.
-		 * @param name - Name of the color resource.
-		 */
-		export function getPaletteColor(name: string, context: any /* android.content.Context */): number;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Checks whether the application is running on real device and not on emulator.
-	 */
-	export function isRealDevice(): boolean;
-}
 /**
- * Module with ios specific utilities.
+ * @deprecated use Utils.ios instead.
  */
-export namespace iOSNativeHelper {
-	// Common properties between UILabel, UITextView and UITextField
-	export interface TextUIView {
-		font: any;
-		textAlignment: number;
-		textColor: any;
-		text: string;
-		attributedText: any;
-		lineBreakMode: number;
-		numberOfLines: number;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Utility module dealing with some iOS collections.
-	 */
-	export namespace collections {
-		/**
-		 * Converts JavaScript array to [NSArray](https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/Foundation/Classes/NSArray_Class/).
-		 * @param str - JavaScript string array to convert.
-		 */
-		export function jsArrayToNSArray<T>(str: T[]): NSArray<T>;
-
-		/**
-		 * Converts NSArray to JavaScript array.
-		 * @param a - NSArray to convert.
-		 */
-		export function nsArrayToJSArray<T>(a: NSArray<T>): T[];
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Get the root UIViewController of the app
-	 */
-	export function getRootViewController(): any; /* UIViewController */
-
-	/**
-	 * Get the UIWindow of the app
-	 */
-	export function getWindow(): any; /* UIWindow */
-
-	/**
-	 * Set the window background color of base view of the app.
-	 * Often this is shown when opening a modal as the view underneath scales down revealing the window color.
-	 * @param value color (hex, rgb, rgba, etc.)
-	 */
-	export function setWindowBackgroundColor(value: string): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * Data serialize and deserialize helpers
-	 */
-	export function dataSerialize(data?: any): any;
-	export function dataDeserialize(nativeData?: any): any;
-
-	/**
-	 * @deprecated use application.orientation instead
-	 *
-	 * Gets an information about if current mode is Landscape.
-	 */
-	export function isLandscape(): boolean;
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the iOS device major version (for 8.1 will return 8).
-	 */
-	export const MajorVersion: number;
-
-	/**
-	 * Opens file with associated application.
-	 * @param filePath The file path.
-	 */
-	export function openFile(filePath: string): boolean;
-
-	/**
-	 * Joins an array of file paths.
-	 * @param paths An array of paths.
-	 * Returns the joined path.
-	 */
-	export function joinPaths(...paths: string[]): string;
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the root folder for the current application. This Folder is private for the application and not accessible from Users/External apps.
-	 * iOS - this folder is read-only and contains the app and all its resources.
-	 */
-	export function getCurrentAppPath(): string;
-
-	/**
-	 * Gets the currently visible(topmost) UIViewController.
-	 * @param rootViewController The root UIViewController instance to start searching from (normally window.rootViewController).
-	 * Returns the visible UIViewController.
-	 */
-	export function getVisibleViewController(rootViewController: any /* UIViewController*/): any; /* UIViewController*/
-
-	/**
-	 *
-	 * @param transform Applies a rotation transform over X,Y and Z axis
-	 * @param x Rotation over X axis in degrees
-	 * @param y Rotation over Y axis in degrees
-	 * @param z Rotation over Z axis in degrees
-	 */
-	export function applyRotateTransform(transform: any /* CATransform3D*/, x: number, y: number, z: number): any; /* CATransform3D*/
-
-	/**
-	 * @param nativeView UIView to find shadow layer with
-	 * @param name Name of the shadow layer if looking for specifically named layer
-	 * @param create should we create a new layer if not found
-	 */
-	export function getShadowLayer(nativeView: any /* UIView */, name?: string, create?: boolean): any; /* CALayer */
-
-	/**
-	 * Create a UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate implementation for use with UIDocumentInteractionController
-	 */
-	export function createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate(): any;
-
-	/**
-	 * Checks whether the application is running on real device and not on simulator.
-	 */
-	export function isRealDevice(): boolean;
-
-	/**
-	 * Debug utility to insert CGRect values into logging output.
-	 * Note: when printing a CGRect directly it will print blank so this helps show the values.
-	 * @param rect CGRect
-	 */
-	export function printCGRect(rect: CGRect): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * Take a snapshot of a View on screen.
-	 * @param view view to snapshot
-	 * @param scale screen scale
-	 */
-	export function snapshotView(view: UIView, scale: number): UIImage;
-
-	/**
-	 * Copy layer properties from one view to another.
-	 * @param view a view to copy layer properties to
-	 * @param toView a view to copy later properties from
-	 * @param (optional) custom properties to copy between both views
-	 */
-	export function copyLayerProperties(view: UIView, toView: UIView, customProperties?: { view?: Array<string> /* Array<keyof UIView> */; layer?: Array<string> /* Array<keyof CALayer> */ }): void;
-
-	/**
-	 * Animate views with a configurable spring effect
-	 * @param options various animation settings for the spring
-	 * - tension: number
-	 * - friction: number
-	 * - mass: number
-	 * - delay: number
-	 * - velocity: number
-	 * - animateOptions: UIViewAnimationOptions
-	 * - animations: () => void, Callback containing the property changes you want animated
-	 * - completion: (finished: boolean) => void, Callback when animation is finished
-	 */
-	export function animateWithSpring(options?: { tension?: number; friction?: number; mass?: number; delay?: number; velocity?: number; animateOptions?: UIViewAnimationOptions; animations?: () => void; completion?: (finished?: boolean) => void });
-}
+export import iOSNativeHelper = iOSUtils;
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/native-helper.ios.ts b/packages/core/utils/native-helper.ios.ts
index 5b8371d09..71535f0db 100644
--- a/packages/core/utils/native-helper.ios.ts
+++ b/packages/core/utils/native-helper.ios.ts
@@ -1,32 +1,7 @@
-import { Color } from '../color';
-import { Trace } from '../trace';
-import { CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS, getDurationWithDampingFromSpring } from './common';
+import * as iOSUtils from './ios';
+import { platformCheck } from './platform-check';
 import { getClass, isNullOrUndefined, numberHasDecimals, numberIs64Bit } from './types';
 
-declare let UIImagePickerControllerSourceType: any;
-
-const radToDeg = Math.PI / 180;
-
-function isOrientationLandscape(orientation: number) {
-	return orientation === UIDeviceOrientation.LandscapeLeft /* 3 */ || orientation === UIDeviceOrientation.LandscapeRight /* 4 */;
-}
-
-function openFileAtRootModule(filePath: string): boolean {
-	try {
-		const appPath = iOSNativeHelper.getCurrentAppPath();
-		const path = iOSNativeHelper.isRealDevice() ? filePath.replace('~', appPath) : filePath;
-
-		const controller = UIDocumentInteractionController.interactionControllerWithURL(NSURL.fileURLWithPath(path));
-		controller.delegate = iOSNativeHelper.createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate();
-
-		return controller.presentPreviewAnimated(true);
-	} catch (e) {
-		Trace.write('Error in openFile', Trace.categories.Error, Trace.messageType.error);
-	}
-
-	return false;
-}
-
 export function dataDeserialize(nativeData?: any) {
 	if (isNullOrUndefined(nativeData)) {
 		// some native values will already be js null values
@@ -112,307 +87,13 @@ export function dataSerialize(data: any, wrapPrimitives: boolean = false) {
 	}
 }
 
-export namespace iOSNativeHelper {
-	// TODO: remove for NativeScript 9.0
-	export function getter<T>(_this: any, property: T | { (): T }): T {
-		console.log('utils.ios.getter() is deprecated; use the respective native property instead');
-		if (typeof property === 'function') {
-			return (<{ (): T }>property).call(_this);
-		} else {
-			return <T>property;
-		}
-	}
+// these don't exist on iOS. Stub them to empty functions.
+export const ad = platformCheck('Utils.ad');
+export const android = platformCheck('Utils.android');
 
-	export namespace collections {
-		export function jsArrayToNSArray<T>(str: T[]): NSArray<T> {
-			return NSArray.arrayWithArray(str);
-		}
+export import ios = iOSUtils;
 
-		export function nsArrayToJSArray<T>(a: NSArray<T>): Array<T> {
-			const arr = [];
-			if (a !== undefined) {
-				const count = a.count;
-				for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-					arr.push(a.objectAtIndex(i));
-				}
-			}
-
-			return arr;
-		}
-	}
-
-	export function getRootViewController(): UIViewController {
-		const win = getWindow();
-		let vc = win && win.rootViewController;
-		while (vc && vc.presentedViewController) {
-			vc = vc.presentedViewController;
-		}
-		return vc;
-	}
-
-	export function getWindow(): UIWindow {
-		const app = UIApplication.sharedApplication;
-		if (!app) {
-			return;
-		}
-		return app.keyWindow || (app.windows && app.windows.count > 0 && app.windows.objectAtIndex(0));
-	}
-
-	export function setWindowBackgroundColor(value: string) {
-		const win = getWindow();
-		if (win) {
-			const bgColor = new Color(value);
-			win.backgroundColor = bgColor.ios;
-			const rootVc = getRootViewController();
-			if (rootVc?.view) {
-				rootVc.view.backgroundColor = bgColor.ios;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	export function isLandscape(): boolean {
-		console.log('utils.ios.isLandscape() is deprecated; use application.orientation instead');
-
-		const deviceOrientation = UIDevice.currentDevice.orientation;
-		const statusBarOrientation = UIApplication.sharedApplication.statusBarOrientation;
-
-		const isDeviceOrientationLandscape = isOrientationLandscape(deviceOrientation);
-		const isStatusBarOrientationLandscape = isOrientationLandscape(statusBarOrientation);
-
-		return isDeviceOrientationLandscape || isStatusBarOrientationLandscape;
-	}
-
-	export const MajorVersion = NSString.stringWithString(UIDevice.currentDevice.systemVersion).intValue;
-
-	export function openFile(filePath: string): boolean {
-		console.log('utils.ios.openFile() is deprecated; use utils.openFile() instead');
-
-		return openFileAtRootModule(filePath);
-	}
-
-	export function getCurrentAppPath(): string {
-		const currentDir = __dirname;
-		const tnsModulesIndex = currentDir.indexOf('/tns_modules');
-
-		// Module not hosted in ~/tns_modules when bundled. Use current dir.
-		let appPath = currentDir;
-		if (tnsModulesIndex !== -1) {
-			// Strip part after tns_modules to obtain app root
-			appPath = currentDir.substring(0, tnsModulesIndex);
-		}
-
-		return appPath;
-	}
-
-	export function joinPaths(...paths: string[]): string {
-		if (!paths || paths.length === 0) {
-			return '';
-		}
-
-		return NSString.stringWithString(NSString.pathWithComponents(<any>paths)).stringByStandardizingPath;
-	}
-
-	export function getVisibleViewController(rootViewController: UIViewController): UIViewController {
-		let viewController = rootViewController;
-
-		while (viewController && viewController.presentedViewController) {
-			viewController = viewController.presentedViewController;
-		}
-		return viewController;
-	}
-
-	export function applyRotateTransform(transform: CATransform3D, x: number, y: number, z: number): CATransform3D {
-		if (x) {
-			transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, x * radToDeg, 1, 0, 0);
-		}
-
-		if (y) {
-			transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, y * radToDeg, 0, 1, 0);
-		}
-
-		if (z) {
-			transform = CATransform3DRotate(transform, z * radToDeg, 0, 0, 1);
-		}
-
-		return transform;
-	}
-
-	export function getShadowLayer(nativeView: UIView, name: string = 'ns-shadow-layer', create: boolean = true): CALayer {
-		return nativeView.layer;
-
-		console.log(`--- ${create ? 'CREATE' : 'READ'}`);
-
-		/**
-		 * UIView
-		 *  -> Shadow
-		 *
-		 *
-		 *  UIView
-		 *   -> UIView
-		 *   -> Shadow
-		 */
-
-		if (!nativeView) {
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		if (!nativeView.layer) {
-			// should never hit this?
-			console.log('- no layer! -');
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		// if the nativeView's layer is the shadow layer?
-		if (nativeView.layer.name === name) {
-			console.log('- found shadow layer - reusing.');
-			return nativeView.layer;
-		}
-
-		console.log('>> layer                :', nativeView.layer);
-		if (nativeView.layer.sublayers?.count) {
-			const count = nativeView.layer.sublayers.count;
-			for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-				const subLayer = nativeView.layer.sublayers.objectAtIndex(i);
-
-				console.log(`>> subLayer ${i + 1}/${count}         :`, subLayer);
-				console.log(`>> subLayer ${i + 1}/${count} name    :`, subLayer.name);
-
-				if (subLayer.name === name) {
-					console.log('- found shadow sublayer - reusing.');
-					return subLayer;
-				}
-			}
-			// if (nativeView instanceof UITextView) {
-			// 	return nativeView.layer.sublayers.objectAtIndex(1);
-			// } else {
-			// 	return nativeView.layer.sublayers.objectAtIndex(nativeView.layer.sublayers.count - 1);
-			// }
-		}
-		// else {
-		// 		layer = nativeView.layer;
-		// }
-
-		// we're not interested in creating a new layer
-		if (!create) {
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		console.log(`- adding a new layer for - ${name}`);
-
-		const viewLayer = nativeView.layer;
-		const newLayer = CALayer.layer();
-
-		newLayer.name = name;
-		newLayer.zPosition = 0.0;
-		// nativeView.layer.insertSublayerBelow(newLayer, nativeView.layer)
-		// newLayer.insertSublayerAtIndex(nativeView.layer, 0)
-		// nativeView.layer.zPosition = 1.0;
-		// nativeView.layer.addSublayer(newLayer);
-
-		// nativeView.layer = CALayer.layer()
-
-		nativeView.layer.insertSublayerAtIndex(newLayer, 0);
-		// nativeView.layer.insertSublayerAtIndex(viewLayer, 1)
-
-		// nativeView.layer.replaceSublayerWith(newLayer, nativeView.layer);
-
-		return newLayer;
-	}
-
-	export function createUIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate(): NSObject {
-		@NativeClass
-		class UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegateImpl extends NSObject implements UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate {
-			public static ObjCProtocols = [UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegate];
-
-			public getViewController(): UIViewController {
-				const app = UIApplication.sharedApplication;
-
-				return app.keyWindow.rootViewController;
-			}
-
-			public documentInteractionControllerViewControllerForPreview(controller: UIDocumentInteractionController) {
-				return this.getViewController();
-			}
-
-			public documentInteractionControllerViewForPreview(controller: UIDocumentInteractionController) {
-				return this.getViewController().view;
-			}
-
-			public documentInteractionControllerRectForPreview(controller: UIDocumentInteractionController): CGRect {
-				return this.getViewController().view.frame;
-			}
-		}
-		return new UIDocumentInteractionControllerDelegateImpl();
-	}
-
-	export function isRealDevice() {
-		try {
-			// https://stackoverflow.com/a/5093092/4936697
-			const sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera;
-			const mediaTypes = UIImagePickerController.availableMediaTypesForSourceType(sourceType);
-
-			return mediaTypes;
-		} catch (e) {
-			return true;
-		}
-	}
-
-	export function printCGRect(rect: CGRect) {
-		if (rect) {
-			return `CGRect(${rect.origin.x} ${rect.origin.y} ${rect.size.width} ${rect.size.height})`;
-		}
-	}
-
-	export function snapshotView(view: UIView, scale: number): UIImage {
-		if (view instanceof UIImageView) {
-			return view.image;
-		}
-		// console.log('snapshotView view.frame:', printRect(view.frame));
-		const originalOpacity = view.layer.opacity;
-		view.layer.opacity = originalOpacity > 0 ? originalOpacity : 1;
-		UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSizeMake(view.frame.size.width, view.frame.size.height), false, scale);
-		view.layer.renderInContext(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext());
-		const image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
-		UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
-		view.layer.opacity = originalOpacity;
-		return image;
-	}
-
-	export function copyLayerProperties(view: UIView, toView: UIView, customProperties?: { view?: Array<keyof UIView>; layer?: Array<keyof CALayer> }) {
-		const viewPropertiesToMatch: Array<keyof UIView> = customProperties?.view || ['backgroundColor'];
-		const layerPropertiesToMatch: Array<keyof CALayer> = customProperties?.layer || ['cornerRadius', 'borderWidth', 'borderColor'];
-
-		viewPropertiesToMatch.forEach((property) => {
-			if (view[property] !== toView[property]) {
-				// console.log('|    -- matching view property:', property);
-				view[property as any] = toView[property];
-			}
-		});
-
-		layerPropertiesToMatch.forEach((property) => {
-			if (view.layer[property] !== toView.layer[property]) {
-				// console.log('|    -- matching layer property:', property);
-				view.layer[property as any] = toView.layer[property];
-			}
-		});
-	}
-
-	export function animateWithSpring(options?: { tension?: number; friction?: number; mass?: number; delay?: number; velocity?: number; animateOptions?: UIViewAnimationOptions; animations?: () => void; completion?: (finished?: boolean) => void }) {
-		// for convenience, default spring settings are provided
-		const opt = {
-			...CORE_ANIMATION_DEFAULTS.spring,
-			delay: 0,
-			animateOptions: null,
-			animations: null,
-			completion: null,
-			...(options || {}),
-		};
-		const { duration, damping } = getDurationWithDampingFromSpring(opt);
-
-		if (duration === 0) {
-			UIView.animateWithDurationAnimationsCompletion(0, opt.animations, opt.completion);
-			return;
-		}
-		UIView.animateWithDurationDelayUsingSpringWithDampingInitialSpringVelocityOptionsAnimationsCompletion(duration, opt.delay, damping, opt.velocity, opt.animateOptions, opt.animations, opt.completion);
-	}
-}
+/**
+ * @deprecated Use `Utils.ios` instead.
+ */
+export import iOSNativeHelper = iOSUtils;
diff --git a/packages/core/utils/platform-check.ts b/packages/core/utils/platform-check.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..68f8385d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/utils/platform-check.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/**
+ * @internal Util used for exporting opposing platform utils and warning the user if they are trying to access them.
+ */
+export function platformCheck(parent?: string) {
+	if (__DEV__) {
+		return new Proxy(
+			{},
+			{
+				get(_, prop) {
+					const propPretty = [parent, prop.toString()].join('.');
+					const hintPlatformCheck = global.isAndroid ? 'global.isIOS' : 'global.isAndroid';
+
+					// prettier-ignore
+					const errorMsg = [
+						`Trying to access "${propPretty}" without checking platform first.`,
+						`Hint: Use "${hintPlatformCheck}" to check platform before accessing "${propPretty}".`
+					].join('\n');
+
+					throw new Error(errorMsg);
+				},
+			}
+		);
+	}
+
+	return undefined;
+}