fix: lazy-clone listeners array

packages/core/data/dom-events/dom-event.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { EventData, ListenerEntry, Observable } from '../observable/index';
 import type { ViewBase } from '../../ui/core/view-base';
+import { MutationSensitiveArray } from '../mutation-sensitive-array';
 
 // This file contains some of Core's hot paths, so attention has been taken to
 // optimise it. Where specified, optimisations made have been informed based on
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ const timeOrigin = Date.now();
  * optional accesses, so reusing the same one and treating it as immutable
  * avoids unnecessary allocations on a relatively hot path of the library.
  */
-const emptyArray = [] as const;
+const emptyArray = new MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry>();
 
 export class DOMEvent implements Event {
 	/**
@@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ export class DOMEvent implements Event {
 	 * event's cancelable attribute value is false or its preventDefault()
 	 * method was not invoked, and false otherwise.
 	 */
-	dispatchTo({ target, data, getGlobalEventHandlersPreHandling, getGlobalEventHandlersPostHandling }: { target: Observable; data: EventData; getGlobalEventHandlersPreHandling?: () => readonly ListenerEntry[]; getGlobalEventHandlersPostHandling?: () => readonly ListenerEntry[] }): boolean {
+	dispatchTo({ target, data, getGlobalEventHandlersPreHandling, getGlobalEventHandlersPostHandling }: { target: Observable; data: EventData; getGlobalEventHandlersPreHandling?: () => MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry>; getGlobalEventHandlersPostHandling?: () => MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry> }): boolean {
 		if (this.eventPhase !== this.NONE) {
 			throw new Error('Tried to dispatch a dispatching event');
 		}
@@ -340,16 +341,31 @@ export class DOMEvent implements Event {
 		return this.returnValue;
 	}
 
-	private handleEvent({ data, isGlobal, getListenersForType, phase, removeEventListener }: { data: EventData; isGlobal: boolean; getListenersForType: () => readonly ListenerEntry[]; phase: 0 | 1 | 2 | 3; removeEventListener: (eventName: string, callback?: any, thisArg?: any, capture?: boolean) => void }) {
-		// Work on a copy of the array, as any callback could modify the
-		// original array during the loop.
+	private handleEvent({ data, isGlobal, getListenersForType, phase, removeEventListener }: { data: EventData; isGlobal: boolean; getListenersForType: () => MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry>; phase: 0 | 1 | 2 | 3; removeEventListener: (eventName: string, callback?: any, thisArg?: any, capture?: boolean) => void }) {
+		// We want to work on a copy of the array, as any callback could modify
+		// the original array during the loop.
 		//
-		// Cloning the array via spread syntax is up to 180 nanoseconds faster
-		// per run than using Array.prototype.slice().
-		const listenersForTypeCopy = [...getListenersForType()];
+		// However, cloning arrays is expensive on this hot path, so we'll do it
+		// lazily - i.e. only take a clone if a mutation is about to happen.
+		// This optimisation is particularly worth doing as it's very rare that
+		// an event listener callback will end up modifying the listeners array.
+		const listenersLive: MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry> = getListenersForType();
 
-		for (let i = listenersForTypeCopy.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-			const listener = listenersForTypeCopy[i];
+		// Set a listener to clone the array just before any mutations.
+		let listenersLazyCopy: ListenerEntry[] = listenersLive;
+		const doLazyCopy = () => {
+			// Cloning the array via spread syntax is up to 180 nanoseconds
+			// faster per run than using Array.prototype.slice().
+			listenersLazyCopy = [...listenersLive];
+		};
+		listenersLive.once(doLazyCopy);
+
+		// Make sure we remove the listener before we exit the function,
+		// otherwise we may wastefully clone the array.
+		const cleanup = () => listenersLive.removeListener(doLazyCopy);
+
+		for (let i = listenersLazyCopy.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+			const listener = listenersLazyCopy[i];
 
 			// Assigning variables this old-fashioned way is up to 50
 			// nanoseconds faster per run than ESM destructuring syntax.
@@ -365,7 +381,7 @@ export class DOMEvent implements Event {
 			// We simply use a strict equality check here because we trust that
 			// the listeners provider will never allow two deeply-equal
 			// listeners into the array.
-			if (!getListenersForType().includes(listener)) {
+			if (!listenersLive.includes(listener)) {
 				continue;
 			}
 
@@ -395,9 +411,12 @@ export class DOMEvent implements Event {
 			}
 
 			if (this.propagationState === EventPropagationState.stopImmediate) {
+				cleanup();
 				return;
 			}
 		}
+
+		cleanup();
 	}
 }
 

packages/core/data/mutation-sensitive-array/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/**
+ * A lightweight extension of Array that calls listeners just before any
+ * mutations. This allows you to lazily take a clone of an array (i.e. use the
+ * array as-is until such time as it mutates).
+ *
+ * This could equally be implemented by adding pre-mutation events into
+ * ObservableArray, but the whole point is to be as lightweight as possible as
+ * its entire purpose is to be used for performance-sensitive tasks.
+ */
+export class MutationSensitiveArray<T> extends Array<T> {
+	private readonly listeners: (() => void)[] = [];
+
+	once(listener: () => void): void {
+		const wrapper = () => {
+			listener();
+			this.removeListener(wrapper);
+		};
+		this.addListener(wrapper);
+	}
+
+	addListener(listener: () => void): void {
+		if (!this.listeners.includes(listener)) {
+			this.listeners.push(listener);
+		}
+	}
+
+	removeListener(listener: () => void): void {
+		const index = this.listeners.indexOf(listener);
+		if (index > -1) {
+			this.listeners.splice(index, 1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private invalidate(): void {
+		for (const listener of this.listeners) {
+			listener();
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Override each mutating Array method so that it invalidates our snapshot.
+
+	pop(): T | undefined {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.pop();
+	}
+	push(...items: T[]): number {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.push(...items);
+	}
+	reverse(): T[] {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.reverse();
+	}
+	shift(): T | undefined {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.shift();
+	}
+	sort(compareFn?: (a: T, b: T) => number): this {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.sort(compareFn);
+	}
+	splice(start: number, deleteCount: number, ...rest: T[]): T[] {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.splice(start, deleteCount, ...rest);
+	}
+	unshift(...items: T[]): number {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.unshift(...items);
+	}
+	fill(value: T, start?: number, end?: number): this {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.fill(value, start, end);
+	}
+	copyWithin(target: number, start: number, end?: number): this {
+		this.invalidate();
+		return super.copyWithin(target, start, end);
+	}
+}

packages/core/data/observable/index.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { ViewBase } from '../../ui/core/view-base';
 import { DOMEvent } from '../dom-events/dom-event';
+import { MutationSensitiveArray } from '../mutation-sensitive-array';
 
 /**
  * Base event data.
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ const _wrappedValues = [new WrappedValue(null), new WrappedValue(null), new Wrap
 
 const _globalEventHandlers: {
 	[eventClass: string]: {
-		[eventName: string]: ListenerEntry[];
+		[eventName: string]: MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry>;
 	};
 } = {};
 
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ export class Observable implements EventTarget {
 		return this._isViewBase;
 	}
 
-	private readonly _observers: { [eventName: string]: ListenerEntry[] } = {};
+	private readonly _observers: { [eventName: string]: MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry> } = {};
 
 	public get(name: string): any {
 		return this[name];
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ export class Observable implements EventTarget {
 			_globalEventHandlers[eventClass] = {};
 		}
 		if (!Array.isArray(_globalEventHandlers[eventClass][eventName])) {
-			_globalEventHandlers[eventClass][eventName] = [];
+			_globalEventHandlers[eventClass][eventName] = new MutationSensitiveArray();
 		}
 
 		const list = _globalEventHandlers[eventClass][eventName];
@@ -399,11 +400,11 @@ export class Observable implements EventTarget {
 		});
 	}
 
-	private _getGlobalEventHandlers(data: EventData, eventType: 'First' | ''): ListenerEntry[] {
+	private _getGlobalEventHandlers(data: EventData, eventType: 'First' | ''): MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry> {
 		const eventClass = data.object?.constructor?.name;
 		const globalEventHandlersForOwnClass = _globalEventHandlers[eventClass]?.[`${data.eventName}${eventType}`] ?? [];
 		const globalEventHandlersForAllClasses = _globalEventHandlers['*']?.[`${data.eventName}${eventType}`] ?? [];
-		return [...globalEventHandlersForOwnClass, ...globalEventHandlersForAllClasses];
+		return new MutationSensitiveArray(...globalEventHandlersForOwnClass, ...globalEventHandlersForAllClasses);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -440,14 +441,14 @@ export class Observable implements EventTarget {
 		}
 	}
 
-	public getEventList(eventName: string, createIfNeeded?: boolean): ListenerEntry[] | undefined {
+	public getEventList(eventName: string, createIfNeeded?: boolean): MutationSensitiveArray<ListenerEntry> | undefined {
 		if (!eventName) {
 			throw new TypeError('EventName must be valid string.');
 		}
 
 		let list = this._observers[eventName];
 		if (!list && createIfNeeded) {
-			list = [];
+			list = new MutationSensitiveArray();
 			this._observers[eventName] = list;
 		}