Consolidates the code to find all changed file paths into the `PackageLoopingCommand` class that is the base of almost all of the repo tooling commands. This in a preparatory PR for a future change to allow each command to define a list of files or file patterns that definitively *don't* affect that test, so that CI can be smarter about what tests to run (e.g., not running expensive integration tests for README changes).
A side effect of this change is that tests of almost all commands now need a mock `GitDir` instance. This would add a lot of copy/pasted boilerplate to the test setup, and there is already too much of that, so instead this refactors common test setup:
- Creating a memory file system
- Populating it with a packages directory
- Creating a RecordingProcessRunner to mock out process calls
- Creating a mock GitDir that forwards to a RecordingProcessRunner
into a helper method (using records and destructuring to easily return multiple values). While some tests don't need all of these steps, those that don't can easily ignore parts of it, and it will make it much easier to update tests in the future if they need them, and it makes the setup much more consistent which makes it easier to reason about test setup in general.
Prep for https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/136394
As described in https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/121684, we currently have inconsistencies between Flutter SDK constraints and Dart SDK constraints; we have often updated only the former. This PR:
1. Adds CI enforcement via the repo tooling that the minimum versions are consistent.
2. Adds a new repo tooling command to update SDK constraints, to help mass-fix all the violations of the new enforcement in step 1 (and for future mass changes, such as when we update our test matrix and mass-drop support for versions that are no longe tested).
- In all cases, the looser constraint was updated to match the more restrictive constraint, such that there's no actual change in what Flutter version any package actually supports.
3. Runs `dart fix --apply` over all changed packages to automatically fix all of the analysis failures caused by step 2 suddenly making all of our packages able to use `super` parameters.
Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/121684
Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/121685
