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Valgrind shows: ==26964== Invalid read of size 1 ==26964== at 0x6E14100: __GI_strcmp (strcmp.S:180) ==26964== by 0x6DB55AA: setlocale (setlocale.c:238) ==26964== by 0x4E0455: _initialize_python() (python.c:1731) ==26964== by 0x786731: initialize_all_files() (init.c:319) ==26964== by 0x72EF0A: gdb_init(char*) (top.c:1929) ==26964== by 0x60BCAC: captured_main(void*) (main.c:863) ==26964== by 0x606AD5: catch_errors(int (*)(void*), void*, char*, return_mask) (exceptions.c:234) ==26964== by 0x60C608: gdb_main(captured_main_args*) (main.c:1165) ==26964== by 0x40CAEC: main (gdb.c:32) ==26964== Address 0x81d30a0 is 0 bytes inside a block of size 181 free'd ==26964== at 0x4C29CF0: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:530) ==26964== by 0x6DB5B65: setname (setlocale.c:201) ==26964== by 0x6DB5B65: setlocale (setlocale.c:388) ==26964== by 0x4E037F: _initialize_python() (python.c:1712) ==26964== by 0x786731: initialize_all_files() (init.c:319) ==26964== by 0x72EF0A: gdb_init(char*) (top.c:1929) ==26964== by 0x60BCAC: captured_main(void*) (main.c:863) ==26964== by 0x606AD5: catch_errors(int (*)(void*), void*, char*, return_mask) (exceptions.c:234) ==26964== by 0x60C608: gdb_main(captured_main_args*) (main.c:1165) ==26964== by 0x40CAEC: main (gdb.c:32) The problem is doing this: oldloc = setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL); setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); ... setlocale (LC_ALL, oldloc); I.e., the second setlocale call frees 'oldloc'. From http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setlocale.html : "The returned string pointer might be invalidated or the string content might be overwritten by a subsequent call to setlocale()." gdb/ChangeLog: 2016-05-03 Pedro Alves <palves@redhat.com> PR python/20037 * python/python.c (_initialize_python) [IS_PY3K]: xstrdup/xfree oldloc.