diff --git a/problems/0139.单词拆分.md b/problems/0139.单词拆分.md index 230942ef..0f24c71e 100644 --- a/problems/0139.单词拆分.md +++ b/problems/0139.单词拆分.md @@ -337,10 +337,53 @@ class Solution { Python: +回溯 +```python +class Solution: + def backtracking(self, s: str, wordSet: set[str], startIndex: int) -> bool: + # 边界情况:已经遍历到字符串末尾,返回True + if startIndex >= len(s): + return True + + # 遍历所有可能的拆分位置 + for i in range(startIndex, len(s)): + word = s[startIndex:i + 1] # 截取子串 + if word in wordSet and self.backtracking(s, wordSet, i + 1): + # 如果截取的子串在字典中,并且后续部分也可以被拆分成单词,返回True + return True + + # 无法进行有效拆分,返回False + return False + + def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool: + wordSet = set(wordDict) # 转换为哈希集合,提高查找效率 + return self.backtracking(s, wordSet, 0) + +``` +DP(版本一) +```python +class Solution: + def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool: + wordSet = set(wordDict) + n = len(s) + dp = [False] * (n + 1) # dp[i] 表示字符串的前 i 个字符是否可以被拆分成单词 + dp[0] = True # 初始状态,空字符串可以被拆分成单词 + + for i in range(1, n + 1): + for j in range(i): + if dp[j] and s[j:i] in wordSet: + dp[i] = True # 如果 s[0:j] 可以被拆分成单词,并且 s[j:i] 在单词集合中存在,则 s[0:i] 可以被拆分成单词 + break + + return dp[n] + + +``` +DP(版本二) + ```python class Solution: def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool: - '''排列''' dp = [False]*(len(s) + 1) dp[0] = True # 遍历背包 @@ -351,17 +394,6 @@ class Solution: dp[j] = dp[j] or (dp[j - len(word)] and word == s[j - len(word):j]) return dp[len(s)] ``` -```python -class Solution: # 和视频中写法一致(和最上面C++写法一致) - def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> bool: - dp = [False]*(len(s)+1) - dp[0]=True - for j in range(1,len(s)+1): - for i in range(j): - word = s[i:j] - if word in wordDict and dp[i]: dp[j]=True - return dp[-1] -```