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			* Add "reference" for EN version. Bug fixes. * Unify the figure reference as "the figure below" and "the figure above". Bug fixes. * Format the EN markdown files. * Replace "" with <u></u> for EN version and bug fixes * Fix biary_tree_dfs.png * Fix biary_tree_dfs.png * Fix zh-hant/biary_tree_dfs.png * Fix heap_sort_step1.png * Sync zh and zh-hant versions. * Bug fixes * Fix EN figures * Bug fixes * Fix the figure labels for EN version
		
			
				
	
	
		
			58 lines
		
	
	
		
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			58 lines
		
	
	
		
			1.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Go
		
	
	
	
	
	
| // File: n_queens.go
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| // Created Time: 2023-05-09
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| // Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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| 
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| package chapter_backtracking
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| 
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| /* 回溯演算法:n 皇后 */
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| func backtrack(row, n int, state *[][]string, res *[][][]string, cols, diags1, diags2 *[]bool) {
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| 	// 當放置完所有行時,記錄解
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| 	if row == n {
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| 		newState := make([][]string, len(*state))
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| 		for i, _ := range newState {
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| 			newState[i] = make([]string, len((*state)[0]))
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| 			copy(newState[i], (*state)[i])
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| 
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| 		}
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| 		*res = append(*res, newState)
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| 		return
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| 	}
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| 	// 走訪所有列
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| 	for col := 0; col < n; col++ {
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| 		// 計算該格子對應的主對角線和次對角線
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| 		diag1 := row - col + n - 1
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| 		diag2 := row + col
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| 		// 剪枝:不允許該格子所在列、主對角線、次對角線上存在皇后
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| 		if !(*cols)[col] && !(*diags1)[diag1] && !(*diags2)[diag2] {
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| 			// 嘗試:將皇后放置在該格子
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| 			(*state)[row][col] = "Q"
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| 			(*cols)[col], (*diags1)[diag1], (*diags2)[diag2] = true, true, true
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| 			// 放置下一行
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| 			backtrack(row+1, n, state, res, cols, diags1, diags2)
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| 			// 回退:將該格子恢復為空位
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| 			(*state)[row][col] = "#"
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| 			(*cols)[col], (*diags1)[diag1], (*diags2)[diag2] = false, false, false
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| 		}
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| 	}
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| }
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| 
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| /* 求解 n 皇后 */
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| func nQueens(n int) [][][]string {
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| 	// 初始化 n*n 大小的棋盤,其中 'Q' 代表皇后,'#' 代表空位
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| 	state := make([][]string, n)
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| 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
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| 		row := make([]string, n)
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| 		for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
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| 			row[i] = "#"
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| 		}
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| 		state[i] = row
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| 	}
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| 	// 記錄列是否有皇后
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| 	cols := make([]bool, n)
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| 	diags1 := make([]bool, 2*n-1)
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| 	diags2 := make([]bool, 2*n-1)
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| 	res := make([][][]string, 0)
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| 	backtrack(0, n, &state, &res, &cols, &diags1, &diags2)
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| 	return res
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| }
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