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	* Modify method name to PascalCase(array and linked list) * Modify method name to PascalCase(backtracking) * Modify method name to PascalCase(computational complexity) * Modify method name to PascalCase(divide and conquer) * Modify method name to PascalCase(dynamic programming) * Modify method name to PascalCase(graph) * Modify method name to PascalCase(greedy) * Modify method name to PascalCase(hashing) * Modify method name to PascalCase(heap) * Modify method name to PascalCase(searching) * Modify method name to PascalCase(sorting) * Modify method name to PascalCase(stack and queue) * Modify method name to PascalCase(tree) * local check
		
			
				
	
	
		
			161 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C#
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			161 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C#
		
	
	
	
	
	
/**
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 * File: binary_search_tree.cs
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 * Created Time: 2022-12-23
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 * Author: haptear (haptear@hotmail.com)
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 */
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namespace hello_algo.chapter_tree;
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class BinarySearchTree {
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    TreeNode? root;
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    public BinarySearchTree() {
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        // 初始化空树
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        root = null;
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    }
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    /* 获取二叉树根节点 */
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    public TreeNode? GetRoot() {
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        return root;
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    }
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    /* 查找节点 */
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    public TreeNode? Search(int num) {
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        TreeNode? cur = root;
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        // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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        while (cur != null) {
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            // 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
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            if (cur.val < num) cur =
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                cur.right;
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            // 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
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            else if (cur.val > num)
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                cur = cur.left;
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            // 找到目标节点,跳出循环
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            else
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                break;
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        }
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        // 返回目标节点
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        return cur;
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    }
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    /* 插入节点 */
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    public void Insert(int num) {
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        // 若树为空,则初始化根节点
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        if (root == null) {
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            root = new TreeNode(num);
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            return;
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        }
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        TreeNode? cur = root, pre = null;
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        // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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        while (cur != null) {
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            // 找到重复节点,直接返回
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            if (cur.val == num)
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                return;
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            pre = cur;
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            // 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
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            if (cur.val < num)
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                cur = cur.right;
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            // 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
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            else
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                cur = cur.left;
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        }
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        // 插入节点
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        TreeNode node = new(num);
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        if (pre != null) {
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            if (pre.val < num)
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                pre.right = node;
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            else
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                pre.left = node;
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        }
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    }
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    /* 删除节点 */
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    public void Remove(int num) {
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        // 若树为空,直接提前返回
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        if (root == null)
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            return;
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        TreeNode? cur = root, pre = null;
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        // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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        while (cur != null) {
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            // 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
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            if (cur.val == num)
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                break;
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            pre = cur;
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            // 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中
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            if (cur.val < num)
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                cur = cur.right;
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            // 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中
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            else
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                cur = cur.left;
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        }
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        // 若无待删除节点,则直接返回
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        if (cur == null)
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            return;
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        // 子节点数量 = 0 or 1
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        if (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {
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            // 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子节点
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            TreeNode? child = cur.left ?? cur.right;
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            // 删除节点 cur
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            if (cur != root) {
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                if (pre.left == cur)
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                    pre.left = child;
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                else
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                    pre.right = child;
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            } else {
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                // 若删除节点为根节点,则重新指定根节点
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                root = child;
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            }
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        }
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        // 子节点数量 = 2
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        else {
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            // 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
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            TreeNode? tmp = cur.right;
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            while (tmp.left != null) {
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                tmp = tmp.left;
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            }
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            // 递归删除节点 tmp
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            Remove(tmp.val);
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            // 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
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            cur.val = tmp.val;
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        }
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    }
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}
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public class binary_search_tree {
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    [Test]
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    public void Test() {
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        /* 初始化二叉搜索树 */
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        BinarySearchTree bst = new();
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        // 请注意,不同的插入顺序会生成不同的二叉树,该序列可以生成一个完美二叉树
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        int[] nums = { 8, 4, 12, 2, 6, 10, 14, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 };
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        foreach (int num in nums) {
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            bst.Insert(num);
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        }
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        Console.WriteLine("\n初始化的二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.GetRoot());
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        /* 查找节点 */
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        TreeNode? node = bst.Search(7);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n查找到的节点对象为 " + node + ",节点值 = " + node.val);
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        /* 插入节点 */
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        bst.Insert(16);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.GetRoot());
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        /* 删除节点 */
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        bst.Remove(1);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.GetRoot());
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        bst.Remove(2);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.GetRoot());
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        bst.Remove(4);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.GetRoot());
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    }
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}
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