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			151 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C#
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			151 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C#
		
	
	
	
	
	
/**
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 * File: binary_search_tree.cs
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 * Created Time: 2022-12-23
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 * Author: haptear (haptear@hotmail.com)
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 */
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using hello_algo.utils;
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using NUnit.Framework;
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namespace hello_algo.chapter_tree;
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class BinarySearchTree {
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    TreeNode? root;
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    public BinarySearchTree(int[] nums) {
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        Array.Sort(nums); // 排序数组
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        root = buildTree(nums, 0, nums.Length - 1);  // 构建二叉搜索树
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    }
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    /* 获取二叉树根节点 */
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    public TreeNode? getRoot() {
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        return root;
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    }
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    /* 构建二叉搜索树 */
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    public TreeNode? buildTree(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
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        if (i > j) return null;
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        // 将数组中间节点作为根节点
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        int mid = (i + j) / 2;
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        TreeNode root = new TreeNode(nums[mid]);
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        // 递归建立左子树和右子树
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        root.left = buildTree(nums, i, mid - 1);
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        root.right = buildTree(nums, mid + 1, j);
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        return root;
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    }
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    /* 查找节点 */
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    public TreeNode? search(int num) {
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        TreeNode? cur = root;
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        // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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        while (cur != null) {
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            // 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
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            if (cur.val < num) cur = cur.right;
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            // 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
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            else if (cur.val > num) cur = cur.left;
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            // 找到目标节点,跳出循环
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            else break;
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        }
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        // 返回目标节点
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        return cur;
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    }
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    /* 插入节点 */
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    public void insert(int num) {
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        // 若树为空,直接提前返回
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        if (root == null) return;
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        TreeNode? cur = root, pre = null;
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        // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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        while (cur != null) {
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            // 找到重复节点,直接返回
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            if (cur.val == num) return;
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            pre = cur;
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            // 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
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            if (cur.val < num) cur = cur.right;
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            // 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
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            else cur = cur.left;
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        }
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        // 插入节点 val
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        TreeNode node = new TreeNode(num);
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        if (pre != null) {
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            if (pre.val < num) pre.right = node;
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            else pre.left = node;
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        }
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    }
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    /* 删除节点 */
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    public void remove(int num) {
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        // 若树为空,直接提前返回
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        if (root == null) return;
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        TreeNode? cur = root, pre = null;
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        // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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        while (cur != null) {
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            // 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
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            if (cur.val == num) break;
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            pre = cur;
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            // 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中
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            if (cur.val < num) cur = cur.right;
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            // 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中
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            else cur = cur.left;
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        }
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        // 若无待删除节点,则直接返回
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        if (cur == null || pre == null) return;
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        // 子节点数量 = 0 or 1
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        if (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {
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            // 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子节点
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            TreeNode? child = cur.left != null ? cur.left : cur.right;
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            // 删除节点 cur
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            if (pre.left == cur) {
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                pre.left = child;
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            } else {
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                pre.right = child;
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            }
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        }
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        // 子节点数量 = 2
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        else {
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            // 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
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            TreeNode? tmp = cur.right;
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            while (tmp.left != null) {
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                tmp = tmp.left;
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            }
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            // 递归删除节点 tmp
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            remove(tmp.val);
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            // 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
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            cur.val = tmp.val;
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        }
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    }
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}
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public class binary_search_tree {
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    [Test]
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    public void Test() {
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        /* 初始化二叉搜索树 */
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        int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 };
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        BinarySearchTree bst = new BinarySearchTree(nums);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n初始化的二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.getRoot());
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        /* 查找节点 */
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        TreeNode? node = bst.search(7);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n查找到的节点对象为 " + node + ",节点值 = " + node.val);
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        /* 插入节点 */
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        bst.insert(16);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.getRoot());
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        /* 删除节点 */
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        bst.remove(1);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.getRoot());
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        bst.remove(2);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.getRoot());
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        bst.remove(4);
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        Console.WriteLine("\n删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n");
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        PrintUtil.PrintTree(bst.getRoot());
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    }
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}
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