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	* Update copyright * Update the Python code * Fix the code comments in ArrayBinaryTree * Fix the code comments in ArrayBinaryTree * Roll back time_comlexity.py * Add the visualizing code(pythontutor) blocks to the chapter complexity, data structure, array and linked list, stack and queue, hash table, and backtracking * Fix the code comments
		
			
				
	
	
		
			153 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.1 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Dart
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			153 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.1 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Dart
		
	
	
	
	
	
/**
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 * File: array_binary_tree.dart
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 * Created Time: 2023-08-15
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 * Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
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 */
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import '../utils/print_util.dart';
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import '../utils/tree_node.dart';
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/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */
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class ArrayBinaryTree {
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  late List<int?> _tree;
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  /* 构造方法 */
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  ArrayBinaryTree(this._tree);
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  /* 列表容量 */
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  int size() {
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    return _tree.length;
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  }
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  /* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */
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  int? val(int i) {
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    // 若索引越界,则返回 null ,代表空位
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    if (i < 0 || i >= size()) {
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      return null;
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    }
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    return _tree[i];
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  }
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  /* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */
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  int? left(int i) {
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    return 2 * i + 1;
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  }
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  /* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */
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  int? right(int i) {
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    return 2 * i + 2;
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  }
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  /* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */
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  int? parent(int i) {
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    return (i - 1) ~/ 2;
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  }
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  /* 层序遍历 */
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  List<int> levelOrder() {
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    List<int> res = [];
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    for (int i = 0; i < size(); i++) {
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      if (val(i) != null) {
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        res.add(val(i)!);
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      }
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    }
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    return res;
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  }
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  /* 深度优先遍历 */
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  void dfs(int i, String order, List<int?> res) {
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    // 若为空位,则返回
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    if (val(i) == null) {
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      return;
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    }
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    // 前序遍历
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    if (order == 'pre') {
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      res.add(val(i));
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    }
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    dfs(left(i)!, order, res);
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    // 中序遍历
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    if (order == 'in') {
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      res.add(val(i));
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    }
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    dfs(right(i)!, order, res);
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    // 后序遍历
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    if (order == 'post') {
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      res.add(val(i));
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    }
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  }
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  /* 前序遍历 */
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  List<int?> preOrder() {
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    List<int?> res = [];
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    dfs(0, 'pre', res);
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    return res;
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  }
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  /* 中序遍历 */
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  List<int?> inOrder() {
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    List<int?> res = [];
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    dfs(0, 'in', res);
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    return res;
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  }
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  /* 后序遍历 */
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  List<int?> postOrder() {
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    List<int?> res = [];
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    dfs(0, 'post', res);
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    return res;
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  }
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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void main() {
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  // 初始化二叉树
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  // 这里借助了一个从数组直接生成二叉树的函数
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  List<int?> arr = [
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    1,
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    2,
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    3,
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    4,
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    null,
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    6,
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    7,
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    8,
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    9,
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    null,
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    null,
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    12,
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    null,
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    null,
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    15
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  ];
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  TreeNode? root = listToTree(arr);
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  print("\n初始化二叉树\n");
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  print("二叉树的数组表示:");
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  print(arr);
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  print("二叉树的链表表示:");
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  printTree(root);
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  // 数组表示下的二叉树类
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  ArrayBinaryTree abt = ArrayBinaryTree(arr);
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  // 访问节点
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  int i = 1;
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  int? l = abt.left(i);
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  int? r = abt.right(i);
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  int? p = abt.parent(i);
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  print("\n当前节点的索引为 $i ,值为 ${abt.val(i)}");
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  print("其左子节点的索引为 $l ,值为 ${(l == null ? "null" : abt.val(l))}");
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  print("其右子节点的索引为 $r ,值为 ${(r == null ? "null" : abt.val(r))}");
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  print("其父节点的索引为 $p ,值为 ${(p == null ? "null" : abt.val(p))}");
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  // 遍历树
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  List<int?> res = abt.levelOrder();
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  print("\n层序遍历为:$res");
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  res = abt.preOrder();
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  print("前序遍历为 $res");
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  res = abt.inOrder();
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  print("中序遍历为 $res");
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  res = abt.postOrder();
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  print("后序遍历为 $res");
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}
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