mirror of
				https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
				synced 2025-11-04 14:18:20 +08:00 
			
		
		
		
	* Add the intial translation of code of all the languages * test * revert * Remove * Add Python and Java code for EN version
		
			
				
	
	
		
			102 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.6 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Python
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			102 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.6 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Python
		
	
	
	
	
	
"""
 | 
						|
File: knapsack.py
 | 
						|
Created Time: 2023-07-03
 | 
						|
Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
 | 
						|
"""
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
def knapsack_dfs(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], i: int, c: int) -> int:
 | 
						|
    """0-1 Knapsack: Brute force search"""
 | 
						|
    # If all items have been chosen or the knapsack has no remaining capacity, return value 0
 | 
						|
    if i == 0 or c == 0:
 | 
						|
        return 0
 | 
						|
    # If exceeding the knapsack capacity, can only choose not to put it in the knapsack
 | 
						|
    if wgt[i - 1] > c:
 | 
						|
        return knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c)
 | 
						|
    # Calculate the maximum value of not putting in and putting in item i
 | 
						|
    no = knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c)
 | 
						|
    yes = knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1]
 | 
						|
    # Return the greater value of the two options
 | 
						|
    return max(no, yes)
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
def knapsack_dfs_mem(
 | 
						|
    wgt: list[int], val: list[int], mem: list[list[int]], i: int, c: int
 | 
						|
) -> int:
 | 
						|
    """0-1 Knapsack: Memoized search"""
 | 
						|
    # If all items have been chosen or the knapsack has no remaining capacity, return value 0
 | 
						|
    if i == 0 or c == 0:
 | 
						|
        return 0
 | 
						|
    # If there is a record, return it
 | 
						|
    if mem[i][c] != -1:
 | 
						|
        return mem[i][c]
 | 
						|
    # If exceeding the knapsack capacity, can only choose not to put it in the knapsack
 | 
						|
    if wgt[i - 1] > c:
 | 
						|
        return knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c)
 | 
						|
    # Calculate the maximum value of not putting in and putting in item i
 | 
						|
    no = knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c)
 | 
						|
    yes = knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, i - 1, c - wgt[i - 1]) + val[i - 1]
 | 
						|
    # Record and return the greater value of the two options
 | 
						|
    mem[i][c] = max(no, yes)
 | 
						|
    return mem[i][c]
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
def knapsack_dp(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], cap: int) -> int:
 | 
						|
    """0-1 Knapsack: Dynamic programming"""
 | 
						|
    n = len(wgt)
 | 
						|
    # Initialize dp table
 | 
						|
    dp = [[0] * (cap + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]
 | 
						|
    # State transition
 | 
						|
    for i in range(1, n + 1):
 | 
						|
        for c in range(1, cap + 1):
 | 
						|
            if wgt[i - 1] > c:
 | 
						|
                # If exceeding the knapsack capacity, do not choose item i
 | 
						|
                dp[i][c] = dp[i - 1][c]
 | 
						|
            else:
 | 
						|
                # The greater value between not choosing and choosing item i
 | 
						|
                dp[i][c] = max(dp[i - 1][c], dp[i - 1][c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])
 | 
						|
    return dp[n][cap]
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
def knapsack_dp_comp(wgt: list[int], val: list[int], cap: int) -> int:
 | 
						|
    """0-1 Knapsack: Space-optimized dynamic programming"""
 | 
						|
    n = len(wgt)
 | 
						|
    # Initialize dp table
 | 
						|
    dp = [0] * (cap + 1)
 | 
						|
    # State transition
 | 
						|
    for i in range(1, n + 1):
 | 
						|
        # Traverse in reverse order
 | 
						|
        for c in range(cap, 0, -1):
 | 
						|
            if wgt[i - 1] > c:
 | 
						|
                # If exceeding the knapsack capacity, do not choose item i
 | 
						|
                dp[c] = dp[c]
 | 
						|
            else:
 | 
						|
                # The greater value between not choosing and choosing item i
 | 
						|
                dp[c] = max(dp[c], dp[c - wgt[i - 1]] + val[i - 1])
 | 
						|
    return dp[cap]
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
"""Driver Code"""
 | 
						|
if __name__ == "__main__":
 | 
						|
    wgt = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
 | 
						|
    val = [50, 120, 150, 210, 240]
 | 
						|
    cap = 50
 | 
						|
    n = len(wgt)
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    # Brute force search
 | 
						|
    res = knapsack_dfs(wgt, val, n, cap)
 | 
						|
    print(f"The maximum item value without exceeding knapsack capacity is {res}")
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    # Memoized search
 | 
						|
    mem = [[-1] * (cap + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]
 | 
						|
    res = knapsack_dfs_mem(wgt, val, mem, n, cap)
 | 
						|
    print(f"The maximum item value without exceeding knapsack capacity is {res}")
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    # Dynamic programming
 | 
						|
    res = knapsack_dp(wgt, val, cap)
 | 
						|
    print(f"The maximum item value without exceeding knapsack capacity is {res}")
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    # Space-optimized dynamic programming
 | 
						|
    res = knapsack_dp_comp(wgt, val, cap)
 | 
						|
    print(f"The maximum item value without exceeding knapsack capacity is {res}")
 |