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	be9931c8a1
	
	
	
		
			
			* feat: add ruby code - chapter hashing * feat: add ruby code blocks - chapter hashing * fix: comments
		
			
				
	
	
		
			129 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.9 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			129 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.9 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
| =begin
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| File: hash_map_chaining.rb
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| Created Time: 2024-04-13
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| Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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| =end
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| 
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| require_relative './array_hash_map'
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| 
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| ### 键式地址哈希表 ###
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| class HashMapChaining
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|   ### 构造方法 ###
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|   def initialize
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|     @size = 0 # 键值对数量
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|     @capacity = 4 # 哈希表容量
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|     @load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0 # 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
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|     @extend_ratio = 2 # 扩容倍数
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|     @buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] } # 桶数组
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 哈希函数 ###
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|   def hash_func(key)
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|     key % @capacity
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 负载因子 ###
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|   def load_factor
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|     @size / @capacity
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 查询操作 ###
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|   def get(key)
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|     index = hash_func(key)
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|     bucket = @buckets[index]
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|     # 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
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|     for pair in bucket
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|       return pair.val if pair.key == key
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|     end
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|     # 若未找到 key , 则返回 nil
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|     nil
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 添加操作 ###
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|   def put(key, val)
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|     # 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
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|     extend if load_factor > @load_thres
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|     index = hash_func(key)
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|     bucket = @buckets[index]
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|     # 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
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|     for pair in bucket
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|       if pair.key == key
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|         pair.val = val
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|         return
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|       end
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|     end
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|     # 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
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|     pair = Pair.new(key, val)
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|     bucket << pair
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|     @size += 1
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 删除操作 ###
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|   def remove(key)
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|     index = hash_func(key)
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|     bucket = @buckets[index]
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|     # 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
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|     for pair in bucket
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|       if pair.key == key
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|         bucket.delete(pair)
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|         @size -= 1
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|         break
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|       end
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|     end
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 扩容哈希表 ###
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|   def extend
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|     # 暫存原哈希表
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|     buckets = @buckets
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|     # 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
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|     @capacity *= @extend_ratio
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|     @buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] }
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|     @size = 0
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|     # 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
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|     for bucket in buckets
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|       for pair in bucket
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|         put(pair.key, pair.val)
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|       end
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|     end
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 打印哈希表 ###
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|   def print
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|     for bucket in @buckets
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|       res = []
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|       for pair in bucket
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|         res << "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}"
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|       end
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|       pp res
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|     end
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|   end
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| end
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| 
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| ### Driver Code ###
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| if __FILE__ == $0
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|   ### 初始化哈希表
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|   hashmap = HashMapChaining.new
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| 
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|   # 添加操作
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|   # 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
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|   hashmap.put(12836, "小哈")
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|   hashmap.put(15937, "小啰")
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|   hashmap.put(16750, "小算")
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|   hashmap.put(13276, "小法")
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|   hashmap.put(10583, "小鸭")
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|   puts "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
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|   hashmap.print
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| 
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|   # 查询操作
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|   # 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
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|   name = hashmap.get(13276)
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|   puts "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 #{name}"
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| 
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|   # 删除操作
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|   # 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
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|   hashmap.remove(12836)
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|   puts "\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
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|   hashmap.print
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| end
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