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			151 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.1 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C++
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			151 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.1 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C++
		
	
	
	
	
	
| /**
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|  * File: hash_map_chaining.cpp
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|  * Created Time: 2023-06-13
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|  * Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
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|  */
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| 
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| #include "./array_hash_map.cpp"
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| 
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| /* 链式地址哈希表 */
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| class HashMapChaining {
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|   private:
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|     int size;                       // 键值对数量
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|     int capacity;                   // 哈希表容量
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|     double loadThres;               // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
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|     int extendRatio;                // 扩容倍数
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|     vector<vector<Pair *>> buckets; // 桶数组
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| 
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|   public:
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|     /* 构造方法 */
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|     HashMapChaining() : size(0), capacity(4), loadThres(2.0 / 3.0), extendRatio(2) {
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|         buckets.resize(capacity);
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 析构方法 */
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|     ~HashMapChaining() {
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|         for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
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|             for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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|                 // 释放内存
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|                 delete pair;
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|             }
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|         }
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 哈希函数 */
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|     int hashFunc(int key) {
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|         return key % capacity;
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 负载因子 */
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|     double loadFactor() {
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|         return (double)size / (double)capacity;
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 查询操作 */
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|     string get(int key) {
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|         int index = hashFunc(key);
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|         // 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
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|         for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
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|             if (pair->key == key) {
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|                 return pair->val;
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|             }
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|         }
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|         // 若未找到 key ,则返回空字符串
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|         return "";
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 添加操作 */
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|     void put(int key, string val) {
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|         // 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
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|         if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
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|             extend();
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|         }
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|         int index = hashFunc(key);
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|         // 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
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|         for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
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|             if (pair->key == key) {
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|                 pair->val = val;
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|                 return;
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|             }
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|         }
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|         // 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
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|         buckets[index].push_back(new Pair(key, val));
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|         size++;
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 删除操作 */
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|     void remove(int key) {
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|         int index = hashFunc(key);
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|         auto &bucket = buckets[index];
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|         // 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
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|         for (int i = 0; i < bucket.size(); i++) {
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|             if (bucket[i]->key == key) {
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|                 Pair *tmp = bucket[i];
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|                 bucket.erase(bucket.begin() + i); // 从中删除键值对
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|                 delete tmp;                       // 释放内存
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|                 size--;
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|                 return;
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|             }
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|         }
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 扩容哈希表 */
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|     void extend() {
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|         // 暂存原哈希表
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|         vector<vector<Pair *>> bucketsTmp = buckets;
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|         // 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
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|         capacity *= extendRatio;
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|         buckets.clear();
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|         buckets.resize(capacity);
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|         size = 0;
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|         // 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
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|         for (auto &bucket : bucketsTmp) {
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|             for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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|                 put(pair->key, pair->val);
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|                 // 释放内存
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|                 delete pair;
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|             }
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|         }
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|     }
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| 
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|     /* 打印哈希表 */
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|     void print() {
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|         for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
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|             cout << "[";
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|             for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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|                 cout << pair->key << " -> " << pair->val << ", ";
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|             }
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|             cout << "]\n";
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|         }
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|     }
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| };
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| 
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| /* Driver Code */
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| int main() {
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|     /* 初始化哈希表 */
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|     HashMapChaining map = HashMapChaining();
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| 
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|     /* 添加操作 */
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|     // 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
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|     map.put(12836, "小哈");
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|     map.put(15937, "小啰");
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|     map.put(16750, "小算");
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|     map.put(13276, "小法");
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|     map.put(10583, "小鸭");
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|     cout << "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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|     map.print();
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| 
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|     /* 查询操作 */
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|     // 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
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|     string name = map.get(13276);
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|     cout << "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 " << name << endl;
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| 
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|     /* 删除操作 */
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|     // 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
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|     map.remove(12836);
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|     cout << "\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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|     map.print();
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| 
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|     return 0;
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| }
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