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			* Fix is_empty() implementation in the stack and queue chapter * Update en/CONTRIBUTING.md * Remove "剩余" from the state definition of knapsack problem * Sync zh and zh-hant versions * Update the stylesheets of code tabs * Fix quick_sort.rb * Fix TS code * Update chapter_paperbook * Upload the manuscript of 0.1 section * Fix binary_tree_dfs.rb * Bug fixes * Update README * Update README * Update README * Update README.md * Update README * Sync zh and zh-hant versions * Bug fixes
		
			
				
	
	
		
			125 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.6 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			125 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.6 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
| =begin
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| File: array_binary_tree.rb
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| Created Time: 2024-04-17
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| Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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| =end
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| 
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| require_relative '../utils/tree_node'
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| require_relative '../utils/print_util'
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| 
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| ### 陣列表示下的二元樹類別 ###
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| class ArrayBinaryTree
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|   ### 建構子 ###
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|   def initialize(arr)
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|     @tree = arr.to_a
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 串列容量 ###
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|   def size
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|     @tree.length
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 獲取索引為 i 節點的值 ###
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|   def val(i)
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|     # 若索引越界,則返回 nil ,代表空位
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|     return if i < 0 || i >= size
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| 
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|     @tree[i]
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 獲取索引為 i 節點的左子節點的索引 ###
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|   def left(i)
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|     2 * i + 1
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 獲取索引為 i 節點的右子節點的索引 ###
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|   def right(i)
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|     2 * i + 2
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 獲取索引為 i 節點的父節點的索引 ###
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|   def parent(i)
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|     (i - 1) / 2
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 層序走訪 ###
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|   def level_order
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|     @res = []
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| 
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|     # 直接走訪陣列
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|     for i in 0...size
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|       @res << val(i) unless val(i).nil?
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|     end
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| 
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|     @res
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 深度優先走訪 ###
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|   def dfs(i, order)
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|     return if val(i).nil?
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|     # 前序走訪
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|     @res << val(i) if order == :pre
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|     dfs(left(i), order)
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|     # 中序走訪
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|     @res << val(i) if order == :in
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|     dfs(right(i), order)
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|     # 後序走訪
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|     @res << val(i) if order == :post
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 前序走訪 ###
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|   def pre_order
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|     @res = []
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|     dfs(0, :pre)
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|     @res
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 中序走訪 ###
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|   def in_order
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|     @res = []
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|     dfs(0, :in)
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|     @res
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 後序走訪 ###
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|   def post_order
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|     @res = []
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|     dfs(0, :post)
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|     @res
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|   end
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| end
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| 
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| ### Driver Code ###
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| if __FILE__ == $0
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|   # 初始化二元樹
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|   # 這裡藉助了一個從陣列直接生成二元樹的函式
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|   arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15]
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|   root = arr_to_tree(arr)
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|   puts "\n初始化二元樹\n\n"
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|   puts '二元樹的陣列表示:'
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|   pp arr
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|   puts '二元樹的鏈結串列表示:'
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|   print_tree(root)
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| 
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|   # 陣列表示下的二元樹類別
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|   abt = ArrayBinaryTree.new(arr)
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| 
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|   # 訪問節點
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|   i = 1
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|   l, r, _p = abt.left(i), abt.right(i), abt.parent(i)
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|   puts "\n當前節點的索引為 #{i} ,值為 #{abt.val(i).inspect}"
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|   puts "其左子節點的索引為 #{l} ,值為 #{abt.val(l).inspect}"
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|   puts "其右子節點的索引為 #{r} ,值為 #{abt.val(r).inspect}"
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|   puts "其父節點的索引為 #{_p} ,值為 #{abt.val(_p).inspect}"
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| 
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|   # 走訪樹
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|   res = abt.level_order
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|   puts "\n層序走訪為: #{res}"
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|   res = abt.pre_order
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|   puts "前序走訪為: #{res}"
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|   res = abt.in_order
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|   puts "中序走訪為: #{res}"
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|   res = abt.post_order
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|   puts "後序走訪為: #{res}"
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| end
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