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			51 lines
		
	
	
		
			1.4 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			51 lines
		
	
	
		
			1.4 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
=begin
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File: coin_change_greedy.rb
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Created Time: 2024-05-07
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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### 零钱兑换:贪心 ###
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def coin_change_greedy(coins, amt)
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  # 假设 coins 列表有序
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  i = coins.length - 1
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  count = 0
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  # 循环进行贪心选择,直到无剩余金额
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  while amt > 0
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    # 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
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    while i > 0 && coins[i] > amt
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      i -= 1
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    end
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    # 选择 coins[i]
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    amt -= coins[i]
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    count += 1
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  end
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  # 若未找到可行方案, 则返回 -1
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  amt == 0 ? count : -1
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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if __FILE__ == $0
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  # 贪心:能够保证找到全局最优解
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  coins = [1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100]
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  amt = 186
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  res = coin_change_greedy(coins, amt)
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  puts "\ncoins = #{coins}, amt = #{amt}"
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  puts "凑到 #{amt} 所需的最少硬币数量为 #{res}"
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  # 贪心:无法保证找到全局最优解
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  coins = [1, 20, 50]
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  amt = 60
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  res = coin_change_greedy(coins, amt)
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  puts "\ncoins = #{coins}, amt = #{amt}"
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  puts "凑到 #{amt} 所需的最少硬币数量为 #{res}"
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  puts "实际上需要的最少数量为 3 , 即 20 + 20 + 20"
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  # 贪心:无法保证找到全局最优解
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  coins = [1, 49, 50]
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  amt = 98
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  res = coin_change_greedy(coins, amt)
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  puts "\ncoins = #{coins}, amt = #{amt}"
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  puts "凑到 #{amt} 所需的最少硬币数量为 #{res}"
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  puts "实际上需要的最少数量为 2 , 即 49 + 49"
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end
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