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			162 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.6 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			162 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.6 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Ruby
		
	
	
	
	
	
| =begin
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| File: binary_search_tree.rb
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| Created Time: 2024-04-18
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| Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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| =end
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| 
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| require_relative '../utils/tree_node'
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| require_relative '../utils/print_util'
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| 
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| ### 二叉搜索树 ###
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| class BinarySearchTree
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|   ### 构造方法 ###
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|   def initialize
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|     # 初始化空树
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|     @root = nil
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 获取二叉树根节点 ###
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|   def get_root
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|     @root
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 查找节点 ###
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|   def search(num)
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|     cur = @root
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| 
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|     # 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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|     while !cur.nil?
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|       # 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
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|       if cur.val < num
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|         cur = cur.right
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|       # 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
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|       elsif cur.val > num
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|         cur = cur.left
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|       # 找到目标节点,跳出循环
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|       else
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|         break
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|       end
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|     end
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| 
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|     cur
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 插入节点 ###
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|   def insert(num)
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|     # 若树为空,则初始化根节点
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|     if @root.nil?
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|       @root = TreeNode.new(num)
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|       return
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|     end
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| 
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|     # 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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|     cur, pre = @root, nil
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|     while !cur.nil?
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|       # 找到重复节点,直接返回
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|       return if cur.val == num
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| 
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|       pre = cur
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|       # 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
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|       if cur.val < num
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|         cur = cur.right
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|       # 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
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|       else
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|         cur = cur.left
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|       end
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|     end
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| 
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|     # 插入节点
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|     node = TreeNode.new(num)
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|     if pre.val < num
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|       pre.right = node
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|     else
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|       pre.left = node
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|     end
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|   end
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| 
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|   ### 删除节点 ###
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|   def remove(num)
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|     # 若树为空,直接提前返回
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|     return if @root.nil?
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| 
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|     # 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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|     cur, pre = @root, nil
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|     while !cur.nil?
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|       # 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
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|       break if cur.val == num
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| 
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|       pre = cur
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|       # 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中
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|       if cur.val < num
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|         cur = cur.right
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|       # 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中
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|       else
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|         cur = cur.left
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|       end
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|     end
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|     # 若无待删除节点,则直接返回
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|     return if cur.nil?
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| 
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|     # 子节点数量 = 0 or 1
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|     if cur.left.nil? || cur.right.nil?
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|       # 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子节点
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|       child = cur.left || cur.right
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|       # 删除节点 cur
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|       if cur != @root
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|         if pre.left == cur
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|           pre.left = child
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|         else
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|           pre.right = child
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|         end
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|       else
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|         # 若删除节点为根节点,则重新指定根节点
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|         @root = child
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|       end
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|     # 子节点数量 = 2
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|     else
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|       # 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
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|       tmp = cur.right
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|       while !tmp.left.nil?
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|         tmp = tmp.left
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|       end
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|       # 递归删除节点 tmp
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|       remove(tmp.val)
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|       # 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
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|       cur.val = tmp.val
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|     end
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|   end
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| end
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| 
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| ### Driver Code ###
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| if __FILE__ == $0
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|   # 初始化二叉搜索树
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|   bst = BinarySearchTree.new
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|   nums = [8, 4, 12, 2, 6, 10, 14, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15]
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|   # 请注意,不同的插入顺序会生成不同的二叉树,该序列可以生成一个完美二叉树
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|   nums.each { |num| bst.insert(num) }
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|   puts "\n初始化的二叉树为\n"
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|   print_tree(bst.get_root)
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| 
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|   # 查找节点
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|   node = bst.search(7)
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|   puts "\n查找到的节点对象为: #{node},节点值 = #{node.val}"
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| 
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|   # 插入节点
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|   bst.insert(16)
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|   puts "\n插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n"
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|   print_tree(bst.get_root)
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| 
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|   # 删除节点
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|   bst.remove(1)
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|   puts "\n删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n"
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|   print_tree(bst.get_root)
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| 
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|   bst.remove(2)
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|   puts "\n删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n"
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|   print_tree(bst.get_root)
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| 
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|   bst.remove(4)
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|   puts "\n删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n"
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|   print_tree(bst.get_root)
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| end
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