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	f68bbb0d59
	
	
	
		
			
			* Revised the book * Update the book with the second revised edition * Revise base on the manuscript of the first edition
		
			
				
	
	
		
			152 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.3 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Dart
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			152 lines
		
	
	
		
			3.3 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Dart
		
	
	
	
	
	
| /**
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|  * File: my_heap.dart
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|  * Created Time: 2023-04-09
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|  * Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
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|  */
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| 
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| import '../utils/print_util.dart';
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| 
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| /* 大顶堆 */
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| class MaxHeap {
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|   late List<int> _maxHeap;
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| 
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|   /* 构造方法,根据输入列表建堆 */
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|   MaxHeap(List<int> nums) {
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|     // 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆
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|     _maxHeap = nums;
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|     // 堆化除叶节点以外的其他所有节点
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|     for (int i = _parent(size() - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
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|       siftDown(i);
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|     }
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 获取左子节点的索引 */
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|   int _left(int i) {
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|     return 2 * i + 1;
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 获取右子节点的索引 */
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|   int _right(int i) {
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|     return 2 * i + 2;
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 获取父节点的索引 */
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|   int _parent(int i) {
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|     return (i - 1) ~/ 2; // 向下整除
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 交换元素 */
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|   void _swap(int i, int j) {
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|     int tmp = _maxHeap[i];
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|     _maxHeap[i] = _maxHeap[j];
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|     _maxHeap[j] = tmp;
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 获取堆大小 */
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|   int size() {
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|     return _maxHeap.length;
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 判断堆是否为空 */
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|   bool isEmpty() {
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|     return size() == 0;
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 访问堆顶元素 */
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|   int peek() {
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|     return _maxHeap[0];
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 元素入堆 */
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|   void push(int val) {
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|     // 添加节点
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|     _maxHeap.add(val);
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|     // 从底至顶堆化
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|     siftUp(size() - 1);
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 从节点 i 开始,从底至顶堆化 */
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|   void siftUp(int i) {
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|     while (true) {
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|       // 获取节点 i 的父节点
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|       int p = _parent(i);
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|       // 当“越过根节点”或“节点无须修复”时,结束堆化
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|       if (p < 0 || _maxHeap[i] <= _maxHeap[p]) {
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|         break;
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|       }
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|       // 交换两节点
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|       _swap(i, p);
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|       // 循环向上堆化
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|       i = p;
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|     }
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 元素出堆 */
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|   int pop() {
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|     // 判空处理
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|     if (isEmpty()) throw Exception('堆为空');
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|     // 交换根节点与最右叶节点(交换首元素与尾元素)
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|     _swap(0, size() - 1);
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|     // 删除节点
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|     int val = _maxHeap.removeLast();
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|     // 从顶至底堆化
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|     siftDown(0);
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|     // 返回堆顶元素
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|     return val;
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 从节点 i 开始,从顶至底堆化 */
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|   void siftDown(int i) {
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|     while (true) {
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|       // 判断节点 i, l, r 中值最大的节点,记为 ma
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|       int l = _left(i);
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|       int r = _right(i);
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|       int ma = i;
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|       if (l < size() && _maxHeap[l] > _maxHeap[ma]) ma = l;
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|       if (r < size() && _maxHeap[r] > _maxHeap[ma]) ma = r;
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|       // 若节点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界,则无须继续堆化,跳出
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|       if (ma == i) break;
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|       // 交换两节点
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|       _swap(i, ma);
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|       // 循环向下堆化
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|       i = ma;
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|     }
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|   }
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| 
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|   /* 打印堆(二叉树) */
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|   void print() {
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|     printHeap(_maxHeap);
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|   }
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| }
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| 
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| /* Driver Code */
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| void main() {
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|   /* 初始化大顶堆 */
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|   MaxHeap maxHeap = MaxHeap([9, 8, 6, 6, 7, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 2]);
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|   print("\n输入列表并建堆后");
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|   maxHeap.print();
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| 
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|   /* 获取堆顶元素 */
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|   int peek = maxHeap.peek();
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|   print("\n堆顶元素为 $peek");
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| 
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|   /* 元素入堆 */
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|   int val = 7;
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|   maxHeap.push(val);
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|   print("\n元素 $val 入堆后");
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|   maxHeap.print();
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| 
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|   /* 堆顶元素出堆 */
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|   peek = maxHeap.pop();
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|   print("\n堆顶元素 $peek 出堆后");
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|   maxHeap.print();
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| 
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|   /* 获取堆大小 */
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|   int size = maxHeap.size();
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|   print("\n堆元素数量为 $size");
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| 
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|   /* 判断堆是否为空 */
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|   bool isEmpty = maxHeap.isEmpty();
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|   print("\n堆是否为空 $isEmpty");
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| }
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