mirror of
				https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
				synced 2025-11-04 06:07:20 +08:00 
			
		
		
		
	
		
			
				
	
	
		
			154 lines
		
	
	
		
			5.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Java
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			154 lines
		
	
	
		
			5.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Java
		
	
	
	
	
	
/**
 | 
						|
 * File: binary_search_tree.java
 | 
						|
 * Created Time: 2022-11-25
 | 
						|
 * Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
 | 
						|
 */
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
package chapter_tree;
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
import java.util.*;
 | 
						|
import include.*;
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 二叉搜索树 */
 | 
						|
class BinarySearchTree {
 | 
						|
    private TreeNode root;
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    public BinarySearchTree(int[] nums) {
 | 
						|
        Arrays.sort(nums); // 排序数组
 | 
						|
        root = buildTree(nums, 0, nums.length - 1);  // 构建二叉搜索树
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /* 获取二叉树根结点 */
 | 
						|
    public TreeNode getRoot() {
 | 
						|
        return root;
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /* 构建二叉搜索树 */
 | 
						|
    public TreeNode buildTree(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
 | 
						|
        if (i > j) return null;
 | 
						|
        // 将数组中间结点作为根结点
 | 
						|
        int mid = (i + j) / 2;
 | 
						|
        TreeNode root = new TreeNode(nums[mid]);
 | 
						|
        // 递归建立左子树和右子树
 | 
						|
        root.left = buildTree(nums, i, mid - 1);
 | 
						|
        root.right = buildTree(nums, mid + 1, j);
 | 
						|
        return root;
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /* 查找结点 */
 | 
						|
    public TreeNode search(int num) {
 | 
						|
        TreeNode cur = root;
 | 
						|
        // 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
 | 
						|
        while (cur != null) {
 | 
						|
            // 目标结点在 root 的右子树中
 | 
						|
            if (cur.val < num) cur = cur.right;
 | 
						|
            // 目标结点在 root 的左子树中
 | 
						|
            else if (cur.val > num) cur = cur.left;
 | 
						|
            // 找到目标结点,跳出循环
 | 
						|
            else break;
 | 
						|
        }
 | 
						|
        // 返回目标结点
 | 
						|
        return cur;
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /* 插入结点 */
 | 
						|
    public TreeNode insert(int num) {
 | 
						|
        // 若树为空,直接提前返回
 | 
						|
        if (root == null) return null;
 | 
						|
        TreeNode cur = root, pre = null;
 | 
						|
        // 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
 | 
						|
        while (cur != null) {
 | 
						|
            // 找到重复结点,直接返回
 | 
						|
            if (cur.val == num) return null;
 | 
						|
            pre = cur;
 | 
						|
            // 插入位置在 root 的右子树中
 | 
						|
            if (cur.val < num) cur = cur.right;
 | 
						|
            // 插入位置在 root 的左子树中
 | 
						|
            else cur = cur.left;
 | 
						|
        }
 | 
						|
        // 插入结点 val
 | 
						|
        TreeNode node = new TreeNode(num);
 | 
						|
        if (pre.val < num) pre.right = node;
 | 
						|
        else pre.left = node;
 | 
						|
        return node;
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /* 删除结点 */
 | 
						|
    public TreeNode remove(int num) {
 | 
						|
        // 若树为空,直接提前返回
 | 
						|
        if (root == null) return null;
 | 
						|
        TreeNode cur = root, pre = null;
 | 
						|
        // 循环查找,越过叶结点后跳出
 | 
						|
        while (cur != null) {
 | 
						|
            // 找到待删除结点,跳出循环
 | 
						|
            if (cur.val == num) break;
 | 
						|
            pre = cur;
 | 
						|
            // 待删除结点在 root 的右子树中
 | 
						|
            if (cur.val < num) cur = cur.right;
 | 
						|
            // 待删除结点在 root 的左子树中
 | 
						|
            else cur = cur.left;
 | 
						|
        }
 | 
						|
        // 若无待删除结点,则直接返回
 | 
						|
        if (cur == null) return null;
 | 
						|
        // 子结点数量 = 0 or 1
 | 
						|
        if (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {
 | 
						|
            // 当子结点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子结点
 | 
						|
            TreeNode child = cur.left != null ? cur.left : cur.right;
 | 
						|
            // 删除结点 cur
 | 
						|
            if (pre.left == cur) pre.left = child;
 | 
						|
            else pre.right = child;
 | 
						|
        }
 | 
						|
        // 子结点数量 = 2
 | 
						|
        else {
 | 
						|
            // 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个结点
 | 
						|
            TreeNode nex = getInOrderNext(cur.right);
 | 
						|
            int tmp = nex.val;
 | 
						|
            // 递归删除结点 nex
 | 
						|
            remove(nex.val);
 | 
						|
            // 将 nex 的值复制给 cur
 | 
						|
            cur.val = tmp;
 | 
						|
        }
 | 
						|
        return cur;
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /* 获取中序遍历中的下一个结点(仅适用于 root 有左子结点的情况) */
 | 
						|
    public TreeNode getInOrderNext(TreeNode root) {
 | 
						|
        if (root == null) return root;
 | 
						|
        // 循环访问左子结点,直到叶结点时为最小结点,跳出
 | 
						|
        while (root.left != null) {
 | 
						|
            root = root.left;
 | 
						|
        }
 | 
						|
        return root;
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
public class binary_search_tree {
 | 
						|
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 | 
						|
        /* 初始化二叉搜索树 */
 | 
						|
        int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 };
 | 
						|
        BinarySearchTree bst = new BinarySearchTree(nums);
 | 
						|
        System.out.println("\n初始化的二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
        PrintUtil.printTree(bst.getRoot());
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        /* 查找结点 */
 | 
						|
        TreeNode node = bst.search(7);
 | 
						|
        System.out.println("\n查找到的结点对象为 " + node + ",结点值 = " + node.val);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        /* 插入结点 */
 | 
						|
        node = bst.insert(16);
 | 
						|
        System.out.println("\n插入结点 16 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
        PrintUtil.printTree(bst.getRoot());
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        /* 删除结点 */
 | 
						|
        bst.remove(1);
 | 
						|
        System.out.println("\n删除结点 1 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
        PrintUtil.printTree(bst.getRoot());
 | 
						|
        bst.remove(2);
 | 
						|
        System.out.println("\n删除结点 2 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
        PrintUtil.printTree(bst.getRoot());
 | 
						|
        bst.remove(4);
 | 
						|
        System.out.println("\n删除结点 4 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
        PrintUtil.printTree(bst.getRoot());
 | 
						|
    }
 | 
						|
}
 |