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			162 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			JavaScript
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			162 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			JavaScript
		
	
	
	
	
	
/**
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 * File: my_heap.js
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 * Created Time: 2023-02-06
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 * Author: what-is-me (whatisme@outlook.jp)
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 */
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const { printHeap } = require("../include/PrintUtil");
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/* 最大堆类 */
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class MaxHeap {
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    #maxHeap;
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    /* 构造方法,建立空堆或根据输入列表建堆 */
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    constructor(nums) {
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        // 将列表元素原封不动添加进堆
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        this.#maxHeap = nums === undefined ? [] : [...nums];
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        // 堆化除叶结点以外的其他所有结点
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        for (let i = this.#parent(this.size() - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
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            this.#siftDown(i);
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        }
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    }
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    /* 获取左子结点索引 */
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    #left(i) {
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        return 2 * i + 1;
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    }
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    /* 获取右子结点索引 */
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    #right(i) {
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        return 2 * i + 2;
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    }
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    /* 获取父结点索引 */
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    #parent(i) {
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        return Math.floor((i - 1) / 2); // 向下整除
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    }
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    /* 交换元素 */
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    #swap(i, j) {
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        const a = this.#maxHeap[i],
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            b = this.#maxHeap[j],
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            tmp = a;
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        this.#maxHeap[i] = b;
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        this.#maxHeap[j] = tmp;
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    }
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    /* 获取堆大小 */
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    size() {
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        return this.#maxHeap.length;
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    }
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    /* 判断堆是否为空 */
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    isEmpty() {
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        return this.size() === 0;
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    }
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    /* 访问堆顶元素 */
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    peek() {
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        return this.#maxHeap[0];
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    }
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    /* 元素入堆 */
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    push(val) {
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        // 添加结点
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        this.#maxHeap.push(val);
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        // 从底至顶堆化
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        this.#siftUp(this.size() - 1);
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    }
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    /* 从结点 i 开始,从底至顶堆化 */
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    #siftUp(i) {
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        while (true) {
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            // 获取结点 i 的父结点
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            const p = this.#parent(i);
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            // 当“越过根结点”或“结点无需修复”时,结束堆化
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            if (p < 0 || this.#maxHeap[i] <= this.#maxHeap[p]) break;
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            // 交换两结点
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            this.#swap(i, p);
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            // 循环向上堆化
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            i = p;
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        }
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    }
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    /* 元素出堆 */
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    poll() {
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        // 判空处理
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        if (this.isEmpty()) throw new Error("堆为空");
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        // 交换根结点与最右叶结点(即交换首元素与尾元素)
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        this.#swap(0, this.size() - 1);
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        // 删除结点
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        const val = this.#maxHeap.pop();
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        // 从顶至底堆化
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        this.#siftDown(0);
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        // 返回堆顶元素
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        return val;
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    }
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    /* 从结点 i 开始,从顶至底堆化 */
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    #siftDown(i) {
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        while (true) {
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            // 判断结点 i, l, r 中值最大的结点,记为 ma
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            const l = this.#left(i),
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                r = this.#right(i);
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            let ma = i;
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            if (l < this.size() && this.#maxHeap[l] > this.#maxHeap[ma]) ma = l;
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            if (r < this.size() && this.#maxHeap[r] > this.#maxHeap[ma]) ma = r;
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            // 若结点 i 最大或索引 l, r 越界,则无需继续堆化,跳出
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            if (ma == i) break;
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            // 交换两结点
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            this.#swap(i, ma);
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            // 循环向下堆化
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            i = ma;
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        }
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    }
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    /* 打印堆(二叉树) */
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    print() {
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        printHeap(this.#maxHeap);
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    }
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}
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function testPush(maxHeap, val) {
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    maxHeap.push(val); // 元素入堆
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    console.log(`\n添加元素 ${val} 后`);
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    maxHeap.print();
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}
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function testPoll(maxHeap) {
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    let val = maxHeap.poll(); // 堆顶元素出堆
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    console.log(`\n出堆元素为 ${val}`);
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    maxHeap.print();
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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/* 初始化大顶堆 */
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const maxHeap = new MaxHeap([9, 8, 6, 6, 7, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 2]);
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console.log("\n输入列表并建堆后");
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maxHeap.print();
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/* 获取堆顶元素 */
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let peek = maxHeap.peek();
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console.log(`\n堆顶元素为 ${peek}`);
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/* 元素入堆 */
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let val = 7;
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maxHeap.push(val);
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console.log(`\n元素 ${val} 入堆后`);
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maxHeap.print();
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/* 堆顶元素出堆 */
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peek = maxHeap.poll();
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console.log(`\n堆顶元素 ${peek} 出堆后`);
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maxHeap.print();
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/* 获取堆大小 */
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let size = maxHeap.size();
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console.log(`\n堆元素数量为 ${size}`);
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/* 判断堆是否为空 */
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let isEmpty = maxHeap.isEmpty();
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console.log(`\n堆是否为空 ${isEmpty}`);
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