mirror of
				https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
				synced 2025-11-04 06:07:20 +08:00 
			
		
		
		
	* Replace 结点 with 节点 Update the footnotes in the figures * Update mindmap * Reduce the size of the mindmap.png
		
			
				
	
	
		
			163 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Dart
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			163 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Dart
		
	
	
	
	
	
/**
 | 
						|
 * File: binary_search_tree.dart
 | 
						|
 * Created Time: 2023-04-04
 | 
						|
 * Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
 | 
						|
 */
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
import '../utils/print_util.dart';
 | 
						|
import '../utils/tree_node.dart';
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 二叉搜索树 */
 | 
						|
TreeNode? root;
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
void binarySearchTree(List<int> nums) {
 | 
						|
  nums.sort(); // 排序数组
 | 
						|
  root = buildTree(nums, 0, nums.length - 1); // 构建二叉搜索树
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 获取二叉树的根节点 */
 | 
						|
TreeNode? getRoot() {
 | 
						|
  return root;
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 构建二叉上搜索树 */
 | 
						|
TreeNode? buildTree(List<int> nums, int i, int j) {
 | 
						|
  if (i > j) {
 | 
						|
    return null;
 | 
						|
  }
 | 
						|
  // 将数组中间节点作为根节点
 | 
						|
  int mid = (i + j) ~/ 2;
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? root = TreeNode(nums[mid]);
 | 
						|
  root.left = buildTree(nums, i, mid - 1);
 | 
						|
  root.right = buildTree(nums, mid + 1, j);
 | 
						|
  return root;
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 查找节点 */
 | 
						|
TreeNode? search(int num) {
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? cur = root;
 | 
						|
  // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
 | 
						|
  while (cur != null) {
 | 
						|
    // 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
 | 
						|
    if (cur.val < num)
 | 
						|
      cur = cur.right;
 | 
						|
    // 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
 | 
						|
    else if (cur.val > num)
 | 
						|
      cur = cur.left;
 | 
						|
    // 找到目标节点,跳出循环
 | 
						|
    else
 | 
						|
      break;
 | 
						|
  }
 | 
						|
  // 返回目标节点
 | 
						|
  return cur;
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 插入节点 */
 | 
						|
TreeNode? insert(int num) {
 | 
						|
  // 若树为空,直接提前返回
 | 
						|
  if (root == null) return null;
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? cur = root;
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? pre = null;
 | 
						|
  // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
 | 
						|
  while (cur != null) {
 | 
						|
    // 找到重复节点,直接返回
 | 
						|
    if (cur.val == num) return null;
 | 
						|
    pre = cur;
 | 
						|
    // 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
 | 
						|
    if (cur.val < num)
 | 
						|
      cur = cur.right;
 | 
						|
    // 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
 | 
						|
    else
 | 
						|
      cur = cur.left;
 | 
						|
  }
 | 
						|
  // 插入节点 val
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? node = TreeNode(num);
 | 
						|
  if (pre!.val < num)
 | 
						|
    pre.right = node;
 | 
						|
  else
 | 
						|
    pre.left = node;
 | 
						|
  return node;
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 删除节点 */
 | 
						|
TreeNode? remove(int num) {
 | 
						|
  // 若树为空,直接提前返回
 | 
						|
  if (root == null) return null;
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? cur = root;
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? pre = null;
 | 
						|
  // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
 | 
						|
  while (cur != null) {
 | 
						|
    // 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
 | 
						|
    if (cur.val == num) break;
 | 
						|
    pre = cur;
 | 
						|
    // 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中
 | 
						|
    if (cur.val < num)
 | 
						|
      cur = cur.right;
 | 
						|
    // 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中
 | 
						|
    else
 | 
						|
      cur = cur.left;
 | 
						|
  }
 | 
						|
  // 若无待删除节点,直接返回
 | 
						|
  if (cur == null) return null;
 | 
						|
  // 子节点数量 = 0 or 1
 | 
						|
  if (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {
 | 
						|
    // 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子节点
 | 
						|
    TreeNode? child = cur.left ?? cur.right;
 | 
						|
    // 删除节点 cur
 | 
						|
    if (pre!.left == cur)
 | 
						|
      pre.left = child;
 | 
						|
    else
 | 
						|
      pre.right = child;
 | 
						|
  } else {
 | 
						|
    // 子节点数量 = 2
 | 
						|
    // 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
 | 
						|
    TreeNode? nex = getInOrderNext(cur.right);
 | 
						|
    int tem = nex!.val;
 | 
						|
    // 递归删除节点 nex
 | 
						|
    remove(nex.val);
 | 
						|
    // 将 nex 的值复制给 cur
 | 
						|
    cur.val = tem;
 | 
						|
  }
 | 
						|
  return cur;
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* 获取中序遍历中的下一个节点(仅适用于 root 有左子节点的情况) */
 | 
						|
TreeNode? getInOrderNext(TreeNode? root) {
 | 
						|
  if (root == null) return null;
 | 
						|
  // 循环访问左子节点,直到叶节点时为最小节点,跳出
 | 
						|
  while (root!.left != null) {
 | 
						|
    root = root.left;
 | 
						|
  }
 | 
						|
  return root;
 | 
						|
}
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
/* Driver Code */
 | 
						|
void main() {
 | 
						|
  /* 初始化二叉搜索树 */
 | 
						|
  List<int> nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15];
 | 
						|
  binarySearchTree(nums);
 | 
						|
  print("\n初始化的二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
  printTree(getRoot());
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  /* 查找节点 */
 | 
						|
  TreeNode? node = search(7);
 | 
						|
  print("\n查找到的节点对象为 $node,节点值 = ${node?.val}");
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  /* 插入节点 */
 | 
						|
  node = insert(16);
 | 
						|
  print("\n插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
  printTree(getRoot());
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
  /* 删除节点 */
 | 
						|
  remove(1);
 | 
						|
  print("\n删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
  printTree(getRoot());
 | 
						|
  remove(2);
 | 
						|
  print("\n删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
  printTree(getRoot());
 | 
						|
  remove(4);
 | 
						|
  print("\n删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n");
 | 
						|
  printTree(getRoot());
 | 
						|
}
 |