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			172 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			172 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C
		
	
	
	
	
	
| /**
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|  * File: binary_search_tree.c
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|  * Created Time: 2023-01-11
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|  * Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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|  */
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| 
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| #include "../utils/common.h"
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| 
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| /* 二叉搜索树结构体 */
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| typedef struct {
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|     TreeNode *root;
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| } BinarySearchTree;
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| 
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| /* 构造函数 */
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| BinarySearchTree *newBinarySearchTree() {
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|     // 初始化空树
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|     BinarySearchTree *bst = (BinarySearchTree *)malloc(sizeof(BinarySearchTree));
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|     bst->root = NULL;
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|     return bst;
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| }
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| 
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| /* 析构函数 */
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| void delBinarySearchTree(BinarySearchTree *bst) {
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|     freeMemoryTree(bst->root);
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|     free(bst);
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| }
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| 
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| /* 获取二叉树根节点 */
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| TreeNode *getRoot(BinarySearchTree *bst) {
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|     return bst->root;
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| }
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| 
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| /* 查找节点 */
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| TreeNode *search(BinarySearchTree *bst, int num) {
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|     TreeNode *cur = bst->root;
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|     // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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|     while (cur != NULL) {
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|         if (cur->val < num) {
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|             // 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
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|             cur = cur->right;
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|         } else if (cur->val > num) {
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|             // 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
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|             cur = cur->left;
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|         } else {
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|             // 找到目标节点,跳出循环
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|             break;
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|         }
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|     }
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|     // 返回目标节点
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|     return cur;
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| }
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| 
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| /* 插入节点 */
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| void insert(BinarySearchTree *bst, int num) {
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|     // 若树为空,则初始化根节点
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|     if (bst->root == NULL) {
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|         bst->root = newTreeNode(num);
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|         return;
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|     }
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|     TreeNode *cur = bst->root, *pre = NULL;
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|     // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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|     while (cur != NULL) {
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|         // 找到重复节点,直接返回
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|         if (cur->val == num) {
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|             return;
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|         }
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|         pre = cur;
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|         if (cur->val < num) {
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|             // 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
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|             cur = cur->right;
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|         } else {
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|             // 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
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|             cur = cur->left;
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|         }
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|     }
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|     // 插入节点
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|     TreeNode *node = newTreeNode(num);
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|     if (pre->val < num) {
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|         pre->right = node;
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|     } else {
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|         pre->left = node;
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|     }
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| }
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| 
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| /* 删除节点 */
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| // 由于引入了 stdio.h ,此处无法使用 remove 关键词
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| void removeItem(BinarySearchTree *bst, int num) {
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|     // 若树为空,直接提前返回
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|     if (bst->root == NULL)
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|         return;
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|     TreeNode *cur = bst->root, *pre = NULL;
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|     // 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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|     while (cur != NULL) {
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|         // 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
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|         if (cur->val == num)
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|             break;
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|         pre = cur;
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|         if (cur->val < num) {
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|             // 待删除节点在 root 的右子树中
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|             cur = cur->right;
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|         } else {
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|             // 待删除节点在 root 的左子树中
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|             cur = cur->left;
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|         }
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|     }
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|     // 若无待删除节点,则直接返回
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|     if (cur == NULL)
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|         return;
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|     // 判断待删除节点是否存在子节点
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|     if (cur->left == NULL || cur->right == NULL) {
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|         /* 子节点数量 = 0 or 1 */
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|         // 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = nullptr / 该子节点
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|         TreeNode *child = cur->left != NULL ? cur->left : cur->right;
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|         // 删除节点 cur
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|         if (pre->left == cur) {
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|             pre->left = child;
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|         } else {
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|             pre->right = child;
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|         }
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|         // 释放内存
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|         free(cur);
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|     } else {
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|         /* 子节点数量 = 2 */
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|         // 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
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|         TreeNode *tmp = cur->right;
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|         while (tmp->left != NULL) {
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|             tmp = tmp->left;
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|         }
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|         int tmpVal = tmp->val;
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|         // 递归删除节点 tmp
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|         removeItem(bst, tmp->val);
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|         // 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
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|         cur->val = tmpVal;
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|     }
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| }
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| 
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| /* Driver Code */
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| int main() {
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|     /* 初始化二叉搜索树 */
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|     int nums[] = {8, 4, 12, 2, 6, 10, 14, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15};
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|     BinarySearchTree *bst = newBinarySearchTree();
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|     for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(nums) / sizeof(int); i++) {
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|         insert(bst, nums[i]);
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|     }
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|     printf("初始化的二叉树为\n");
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|     printTree(getRoot(bst));
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| 
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|     /* 查找节点 */
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|     TreeNode *node = search(bst, 7);
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|     printf("查找到的节点对象的节点值 = %d\n", node->val);
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| 
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|     /* 插入节点 */
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|     insert(bst, 16);
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|     printf("插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n");
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|     printTree(getRoot(bst));
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| 
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|     /* 删除节点 */
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|     removeItem(bst, 1);
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|     printf("删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n");
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|     printTree(getRoot(bst));
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|     removeItem(bst, 2);
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|     printf("删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n");
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|     printTree(getRoot(bst));
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|     removeItem(bst, 4);
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|     printf("删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n");
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|     printTree(getRoot(bst));
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| 
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|     // 释放内存
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|     delBinarySearchTree(bst);
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|     return 0;
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| }
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