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	e720aa2d24
	
	
	
		
			
			* Sync recent changes to the revised Word. * Revised the preface chapter * Revised the introduction chapter * Revised the computation complexity chapter * Revised the chapter data structure * Revised the chapter array and linked list * Revised the chapter stack and queue * Revised the chapter hashing * Revised the chapter tree * Revised the chapter heap * Revised the chapter graph * Revised the chapter searching * Reivised the sorting chapter * Revised the divide and conquer chapter * Revised the chapter backtacking * Revised the DP chapter * Revised the greedy chapter * Revised the appendix chapter * Revised the preface chapter doubly * Revised the figures
		
			
				
	
	
		
			160 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.9 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			160 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.9 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C
		
	
	
	
	
	
| /**
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|  * File: edit_distance.c
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|  * Created Time: 2023-10-02
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|  * Author: Zuoxun (845242523@qq.com)
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|  */
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| 
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| #include "../utils/common.h"
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| 
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| /* 求最小值 */
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| int myMin(int a, int b) {
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|     return a < b ? a : b;
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| }
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| 
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| /* 编辑距离:暴力搜索 */
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| int editDistanceDFS(char *s, char *t, int i, int j) {    
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|     // 若 s 和 t 都为空,则返回 0
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|     if (i == 0 && j == 0)
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|         return 0;
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|     // 若 s 为空,则返回 t 长度
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|     if (i == 0)
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|         return j;
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|     // 若 t 为空,则返回 s 长度
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|     if (j == 0)
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|         return i;
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|     // 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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|     if (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1])
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|         return editDistanceDFS(s, t, i - 1, j - 1);
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|     // 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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|     int insert = editDistanceDFS(s, t, i, j - 1);
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|     int del = editDistanceDFS(s, t, i - 1, j);
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|     int replace = editDistanceDFS(s, t, i - 1, j - 1);
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|     // 返回最少编辑步数
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|     return myMin(myMin(insert, del), replace) + 1;
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| }
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| 
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| /* 编辑距离:记忆化搜索 */
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| int editDistanceDFSMem(char *s, char *t, int memCols, int **mem, int i, int j) {
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|     // 若 s 和 t 都为空,则返回 0
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|     if (i == 0 && j == 0)
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|         return 0;
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|     // 若 s 为空,则返回 t 长度
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|     if (i == 0)
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|         return j;
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|     // 若 t 为空,则返回 s 长度
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|     if (j == 0)
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|         return i;
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|     // 若已有记录,则直接返回之
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|     if (mem[i][j] != -1)
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|         return mem[i][j];
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|     // 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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|     if (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1])
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|         return editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, memCols, mem, i - 1, j - 1);
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|     // 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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|     int insert = editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, memCols, mem, i, j - 1);
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|     int del = editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, memCols, mem, i - 1, j);
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|     int replace = editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, memCols, mem, i - 1, j - 1);
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|     // 记录并返回最少编辑步数
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|     mem[i][j] = myMin(myMin(insert, del), replace) + 1;
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|     return mem[i][j];
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| }
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| 
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| /* 编辑距离:动态规划 */
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| int editDistanceDP(char *s, char *t, int n, int m) {
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|     int **dp = malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(int *));
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|     for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
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|         dp[i] = calloc(m + 1, sizeof(int));
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|     }
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|     // 状态转移:首行首列
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|     for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
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|         dp[i][0] = i;
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|     }
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|     for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
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|         dp[0][j] = j;
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|     }
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|     // 状态转移:其余行和列
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|     for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
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|         for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
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|             if (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {
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|                 // 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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|                 dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];
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|             } else {
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|                 // 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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|                 dp[i][j] = myMin(myMin(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1;
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|             }
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|         }
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|     }
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|     int res = dp[n][m];
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|     // 释放内存
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|     for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
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|         free(dp[i]);
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|     }
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|     return res;
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| }
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| 
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| /* 编辑距离:空间优化后的动态规划 */
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| int editDistanceDPComp(char *s, char *t, int n, int m) {
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|     int *dp = calloc(m + 1, sizeof(int));
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|     // 状态转移:首行
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|     for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
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|         dp[j] = j;
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|     }
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|     // 状态转移:其余行
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|     for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
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|         // 状态转移:首列
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|         int leftup = dp[0]; // 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]
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|         dp[0] = i;
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|         // 状态转移:其余列
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|         for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
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|             int temp = dp[j];
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|             if (s[i - 1] == t[j - 1]) {
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|                 // 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
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|                 dp[j] = leftup;
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|             } else {
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|                 // 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
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|                 dp[j] = myMin(myMin(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;
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|             }
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|             leftup = temp; // 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]
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|         }
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|     }
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|     int res = dp[m];
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|     // 释放内存
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|     free(dp);
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|     return res;
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| }
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| 
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| /* Driver Code */
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| int main() {
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|     char *s = "bag";
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|     char *t = "pack";
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|     int n = strlen(s), m = strlen(t);
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| 
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|     // 暴力搜索
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|     int res = editDistanceDFS(s, t, n, m);
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|     printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res);
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| 
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|     // 记忆化搜索
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|     int **mem = malloc((n + 1) * sizeof(int *));
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|     for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
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|         mem[i] = malloc((m + 1) * sizeof(int));
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|         memset(mem[i], -1, (m + 1) * sizeof(int));
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|     }
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|     res = editDistanceDFSMem(s, t, m + 1, mem, n, m);
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|     printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res);
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|     // 释放内存
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|     for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
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|         free(mem[i]);
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|     }
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|     free(mem);
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| 
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|     // 动态规划
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|     res = editDistanceDP(s, t, n, m);
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|     printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res);
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| 
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|     // 空间优化后的动态规划
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|     res = editDistanceDPComp(s, t, n, m);
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|     printf("将 %s 更改为 %s 最少需要编辑 %d 步\n", s, t, res);
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| 
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|     return 0;
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| }
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