Several bug fixes and improvements (#945)

* Update Dockerfile for code debugging.

* Format Python code using Black.

* Improve dark theme by defining html classes for the figures, animations and cover images.

* Fix several glossary translation.

* Update a code comment.

* Fix climbing_stairs_backtrack: the pruning should not require the sorted choices list.

* Update the code of array and list traversal.

* Fix a rendering issue of README.md

* Update code of list traversal.

* Fix array_definition.png

* Update README.md

* Fix max_capacity_moving_short_board.png

* Fix array.dart

* Fix array.dart

* Fix array.dart

* Fix array.dart

codes/go/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array.go

@@ -52,12 +52,17 @@ func traverse(nums []int) {
 	count := 0
 	// 通过索引遍历数组
 	for i := 0; i < len(nums); i++ {
-		count++
+		count += nums[i]
 	}
 	count = 0
-	// 直接遍历数组
-	for range nums {
-		count++
+	// 直接遍历数组元素
+	for _, num := range nums {
+		count += num
+	}
+	// 同时遍历数据索引和元素
+	for i, num := range nums {
+		count += nums[i]
+		count += num
 	}
 }
 

codes/go/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list_test.go

@@ -47,13 +47,12 @@ func TestList(t *testing.T) {
 	/* 通过索引遍历列表 */
 	count := 0
 	for i := 0; i < len(nums); i++ {
-		count++
+		count += nums[i]
 	}
-
 	/* 直接遍历列表元素 */
 	count = 0
-	for range nums {
-		count++
+	for _, x := range nums {
+		count += x
 	}
 
 	/* 拼接两个列表 */

codes/go/chapter_dynamic_programming/climbing_stairs_backtrack.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func backtrack(choices []int, state, n int, res []int) {
 	for _, choice := range choices {
 		// 剪枝：不允许越过第 n 阶
 		if state+choice > n {
-			break
+			continue
 		}
 		// 尝试：做出选择，更新状态
 		backtrack(choices, state+choice, n, res)