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Add the chapter of Graph (#303)
* Update the chapter graph * Update the chapter graph * Update the chapter graph * Update the chapter graph
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127
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_list.java
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127
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_list.java
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/**
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* File: graph_adjacency_matrix.java
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* Created Time: 2023-01-26
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_graph;
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import java.util.*;
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/* 顶点类 */
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class Vertex {
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int val;
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public Vertex(int val) {
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this.val = val;
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}
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}
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/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */
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class GraphAdjList {
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// 请注意,vertices 和 adjList 中存储的都是 Vertex 对象
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Map<Vertex, Set<Vertex>> adjList; // 邻接表(使用哈希表实现)
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/* 构造函数 */
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public GraphAdjList(Vertex[][] edges) {
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this.adjList = new HashMap<>();
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// 添加所有顶点和边
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for (Vertex[] edge : edges) {
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addVertex(edge[0]);
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addVertex(edge[1]);
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addEdge(edge[0], edge[1]);
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}
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}
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/* 获取顶点数量 */
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public int size() {
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return adjList.size();
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}
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/* 添加边 */
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public void addEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {
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if (!adjList.containsKey(vet1) || !adjList.containsKey(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)
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throw new IllegalArgumentException();
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// 添加边 vet1 - vet2
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adjList.get(vet1).add(vet2);
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adjList.get(vet2).add(vet1);
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}
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/* 删除边 */
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public void removeEdge(Vertex vet1, Vertex vet2) {
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if (!adjList.containsKey(vet1) || !adjList.containsKey(vet2) || vet1 == vet2)
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throw new IllegalArgumentException();
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// 删除边 vet1 - vet2
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adjList.get(vet1).remove(vet2);
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adjList.get(vet2).remove(vet1);
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}
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/* 添加顶点 */
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public void addVertex(Vertex vet) {
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if (adjList.containsKey(vet))
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return;
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// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表(即 HashSet)
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adjList.put(vet, new HashSet<>());
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}
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/* 删除顶点 */
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public void removeVertex(Vertex vet) {
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if (!adjList.containsKey(vet))
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throw new IllegalArgumentException();
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// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表(即 HashSet)
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adjList.remove(vet);
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// 遍历其它顶点的链表(即 HashSet),删除所有包含 vet 的边
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for (Set<Vertex> set : adjList.values()) {
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set.remove(vet);
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}
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}
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/* 打印邻接表 */
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public void print() {
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System.out.println("邻接表 =");
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for (Map.Entry<Vertex, Set<Vertex>> entry : adjList.entrySet()) {
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List<Integer> tmp = new ArrayList<>();
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for (Vertex vertex : entry.getValue())
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tmp.add(vertex.val);
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System.out.println(entry.getKey().val + ": " + tmp + ",");
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}
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}
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}
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public class graph_adjacency_list {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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/* 初始化无向图 */
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Vertex v0 = new Vertex(1),
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v1 = new Vertex(3),
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v2 = new Vertex(2),
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v3 = new Vertex(5),
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v4 = new Vertex(4);
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Vertex[][] edges = { { v0, v1 }, { v1, v2 }, { v2, v3 }, { v0, v3 }, { v2, v4 }, { v3, v4 } };
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GraphAdjList graph = new GraphAdjList(edges);
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System.out.println("\n初始化后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 添加边 */
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// 顶点 1, 2 即 v0, v2
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graph.addEdge(v0, v2);
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System.out.println("\n添加边 1-2 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 删除边 */
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// 顶点 1, 3 即 v0, v1
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graph.removeEdge(v0, v1);
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System.out.println("\n删除边 1-3 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 添加顶点 */
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Vertex v5 = new Vertex(6);
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graph.addVertex(v5);
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System.out.println("\n添加顶点 6 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 删除顶点 */
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// 顶点 3 即 v1
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graph.removeVertex(v1);
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System.out.println("\n删除顶点 3 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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}
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}
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131
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_matrix.java
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131
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_matrix.java
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/**
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* File: graph_adjacency_matrix.java
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* Created Time: 2023-01-26
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_graph;
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import include.*;
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import java.util.*;
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/* 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 */
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class GraphAdjMat {
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List<Integer> vertices; // 顶点列表,元素代表“顶点值”,索引代表“顶点索引”
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List<List<Integer>> adjMat; // 邻接矩阵,行列索引对应“顶点索引”
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/* 构造函数 */
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public GraphAdjMat(int[] vertices, int[][] edges) {
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this.vertices = new ArrayList<>();
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this.adjMat = new ArrayList<>();
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// 添加顶点
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for (int val : vertices) {
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addVertex(val);
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}
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// 添加边
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// 请注意,edges 元素代表顶点索引,即对应 vertices 元素索引
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for (int[] e : edges) {
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addEdge(e[0], e[1]);
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}
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}
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/* 获取顶点数量 */
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public int size() {
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return vertices.size();
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}
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/* 添加顶点 */
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public void addVertex(int val) {
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int n = size();
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// 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值
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vertices.add(val);
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// 在邻接矩阵中添加一行
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List<Integer> newRow = new ArrayList<>(n);
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for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
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newRow.add(0);
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}
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adjMat.add(newRow);
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// 在邻接矩阵中添加一列
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for (List<Integer> row : adjMat) {
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row.add(0);
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}
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}
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/* 删除顶点 */
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public void removeVertex(int index) {
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if (index >= size())
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throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
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// 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点
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vertices.remove(index);
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// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行
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adjMat.remove(index);
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// 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列
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for (List<Integer> row : adjMat) {
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row.remove(index);
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}
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}
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/* 添加边 */
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// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引
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public void addEdge(int i, int j) {
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// 索引越界与相等处理
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if (i < 0 || j < 0 || i >= size() || j >= size() || i == j)
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throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
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// 在无向图中,邻接矩阵沿主对角线对称,即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)
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adjMat.get(i).set(j, 1);
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adjMat.get(j).set(i, 1);
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}
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/* 删除边 */
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// 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引
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public void removeEdge(int i, int j) {
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// 索引越界与相等处理
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if (i < 0 || j < 0 || i >= size() || j >= size() || i == j)
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throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
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adjMat.get(i).set(j, 0);
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adjMat.get(j).set(i, 0);
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}
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/* 打印邻接矩阵 */
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public void print() {
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System.out.print("顶点列表 = ");
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System.out.println(vertices);
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System.out.println("邻接矩阵 =");
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PrintUtil.printMatrix(adjMat);
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}
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}
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public class graph_adjacency_matrix {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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/* 初始化无向图 */
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// 请注意,edges 元素代表顶点索引,即对应 vertices 元素索引
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int[] vertices = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };
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int[][] edges = { { 0, 1 }, { 0, 2 }, { 1, 2 }, { 2, 3 }, { 0, 3 }, { 2, 4 }, { 3, 4 } };
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GraphAdjMat graph = new GraphAdjMat(vertices, edges);
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System.out.println("\n初始化后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 添加边 */
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// 顶点 1, 2 的索引分别为 0, 2
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graph.addEdge(0, 2);
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System.out.println("\n添加边 1-2 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 删除边 */
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// 顶点 1, 3 的索引分别为 0, 1
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graph.removeEdge(0, 1);
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System.out.println("\n删除边 1-3 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 添加顶点 */
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graph.addVertex(6);
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System.out.println("\n添加顶点 6 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 删除顶点 */
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// 顶点 3 的索引为 1
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graph.removeVertex(1);
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System.out.println("\n删除顶点 3 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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}
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}
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@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ package chapter_heap;
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import include.*;
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import java.util.*;
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/* 最大堆类 */
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class MaxHeap {
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// 使用列表而非数组,这样无需考虑扩容问题
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private List<Integer> maxHeap;
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@ -20,6 +20,33 @@ class Trunk {
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};
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public class PrintUtil {
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/**
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* Print a matrix (Array)
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* @param <T>
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* @param matrix
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*/
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public static <T> void printMatrix(T[][] matrix) {
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System.out.println("[");
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for (T[] row : matrix) {
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System.out.println(" " + row + ",");
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}
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System.out.println("]");
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}
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/**
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* Print a matrix (List)
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* @param <T>
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* @param matrix
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*/
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public static <T> void printMatrix(List<List<T>> matrix) {
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System.out.println("[");
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for (List<T> row : matrix) {
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System.out.println(" " + row + ",");
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}
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System.out.println("]");
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}
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/**
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* Print a linked list
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* @param head
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