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Add the section of Graph Traversal.
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@ -7,19 +7,13 @@
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package chapter_graph;
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import java.util.*;
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/* 顶点类 */
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class Vertex {
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int val;
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public Vertex(int val) {
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this.val = val;
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}
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}
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import include.*;
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/* 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 */
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class GraphAdjList {
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// 请注意,vertices 和 adjList 中存储的都是 Vertex 对象
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Map<Vertex, Set<Vertex>> adjList; // 邻接表(使用哈希表实现)
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// 邻接表,使用哈希表来代替链表,以提升删除边、删除顶点的效率
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// 请注意,adjList 中的元素是 Vertex 对象
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Map<Vertex, List<Vertex>> adjList;
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/* 构造方法 */
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public GraphAdjList(Vertex[][] edges) {
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@ -59,26 +53,26 @@ class GraphAdjList {
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public void addVertex(Vertex vet) {
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if (adjList.containsKey(vet))
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return;
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// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表(即 HashSet)
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adjList.put(vet, new HashSet<>());
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// 在邻接表中添加一个新链表
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adjList.put(vet, new ArrayList<>());
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}
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/* 删除顶点 */
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public void removeVertex(Vertex vet) {
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if (!adjList.containsKey(vet))
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throw new IllegalArgumentException();
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// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表(即 HashSet)
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// 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表
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adjList.remove(vet);
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// 遍历其它顶点的链表(即 HashSet),删除所有包含 vet 的边
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for (Set<Vertex> set : adjList.values()) {
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set.remove(vet);
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// 遍历其它顶点的链表,删除所有包含 vet 的边
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for (List<Vertex> list : adjList.values()) {
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list.remove(vet);
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}
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}
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/* 打印邻接表 */
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public void print() {
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System.out.println("邻接表 =");
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for (Map.Entry<Vertex, Set<Vertex>> entry : adjList.entrySet()) {
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for (Map.Entry<Vertex, List<Vertex>> entry : adjList.entrySet()) {
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List<Integer> tmp = new ArrayList<>();
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for (Vertex vertex : entry.getValue())
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tmp.add(vertex.val);
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@ -90,25 +84,21 @@ class GraphAdjList {
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public class graph_adjacency_list {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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/* 初始化无向图 */
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Vertex v0 = new Vertex(1),
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v1 = new Vertex(3),
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v2 = new Vertex(2),
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v3 = new Vertex(5),
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v4 = new Vertex(4);
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Vertex[][] edges = { { v0, v1 }, { v1, v2 }, { v2, v3 }, { v0, v3 }, { v2, v4 }, { v3, v4 } };
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Vertex[] v = Vertex.valsToVets(new int[] { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 });
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Vertex[][] edges = { { v[0], v[1] }, { v[0], v[3] }, { v[1], v[2] }, { v[2], v[3] }, { v[2], v[4] }, { v[3], v[4] } };
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GraphAdjList graph = new GraphAdjList(edges);
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System.out.println("\n初始化后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 添加边 */
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// 顶点 1, 2 即 v0, v2
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graph.addEdge(v0, v2);
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// 顶点 1, 2 即 v[0], v[2]
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graph.addEdge(v[0], v[2]);
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System.out.println("\n添加边 1-2 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 删除边 */
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// 顶点 1, 3 即 v0, v1
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graph.removeEdge(v0, v1);
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// 顶点 1, 3 即 v[0], v[1]
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graph.removeEdge(v[0], v[1]);
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System.out.println("\n删除边 1-3 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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@ -119,8 +109,8 @@ public class graph_adjacency_list {
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graph.print();
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/* 删除顶点 */
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// 顶点 3 即 v1
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graph.removeVertex(v1);
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// 顶点 3 即 v[1]
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graph.removeVertex(v[1]);
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System.out.println("\n删除顶点 3 后,图为");
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graph.print();
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}
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@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public class graph_adjacency_matrix {
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/* 初始化无向图 */
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// 请注意,edges 元素代表顶点索引,即对应 vertices 元素索引
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int[] vertices = { 1, 3, 2, 5, 4 };
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int[][] edges = { { 0, 1 }, { 1, 2 }, { 2, 3 }, { 0, 3 }, { 2, 4 }, { 3, 4 } };
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int[][] edges = { { 0, 1 }, { 0, 3 }, { 1, 2 }, { 2, 3 }, { 2, 4 }, { 3, 4 } };
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GraphAdjMat graph = new GraphAdjMat(vertices, edges);
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System.out.println("\n初始化后,图为");
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graph.print();
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53
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_bfs.java
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53
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_bfs.java
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@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
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/**
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* File: graph_bfs.java
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* Created Time: 2023-02-12
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_graph;
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import java.util.*;
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import include.*;
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public class graph_bfs {
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/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */
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// 使用邻接表来表示图,以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点
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static List<Vertex> graphBFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {
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// 顶点遍历序列
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List<Vertex> res = new ArrayList<>();
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// 哈希表,用于记录已被访问过的顶点
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Set<Vertex> visited = new HashSet<>() {{ add(startVet); }};
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// 队列用于实现 BFS
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Queue<Vertex> que = new LinkedList<>() {{ offer(startVet); }};
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// 以顶点 vet 为起点,循环直至访问完所有顶点
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while (!que.isEmpty()) {
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Vertex vet = que.poll(); // 队首顶点出队
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res.add(vet); // 记录访问顶点
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// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点
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for (Vertex adjVet : graph.adjList.get(vet)) {
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if (visited.contains(adjVet))
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continue; // 跳过已被访问过的顶点
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que.offer(adjVet); // 只入队未访问的顶点
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visited.add(adjVet); // 标记该顶点已被访问
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}
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}
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// 返回顶点遍历序列
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return res;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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/* 初始化无向图 */
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Vertex[] v = Vertex.valsToVets(new int[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 });
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Vertex[][] edges = { { v[0], v[1] }, { v[0], v[3] }, { v[1], v[2] }, { v[1], v[4] },
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{ v[2], v[5] }, { v[3], v[4] }, { v[3], v[6] }, { v[4], v[5] },
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{ v[4], v[7] }, { v[5], v[8] }, { v[6], v[7] }, { v[7], v[8] } };
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GraphAdjList graph = new GraphAdjList(edges);
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System.out.println("\n初始化后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 广度优先遍历 BFS */
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List<Vertex> res = graphBFS(graph, v[0]);
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System.out.println("\n广度优先遍历(BFS)顶点序列为");
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System.out.println(Vertex.vetsToVals(res));
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}
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}
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51
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_dfs.java
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51
codes/java/chapter_graph/graph_dfs.java
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@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
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/**
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* File: graph_dfs.java
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* Created Time: 2023-02-12
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* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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package chapter_graph;
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import java.util.*;
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import include.*;
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public class graph_dfs {
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/* 深度优先遍历 DFS 辅助函数 */
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static void dfs(GraphAdjList graph, Set<Vertex> visited, List<Vertex> res, Vertex vet) {
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res.add(vet); // 记录访问顶点
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visited.add(vet); // 标记该顶点已被访问
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// 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点
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for (Vertex adjVet : graph.adjList.get(vet)) {
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if (visited.contains(adjVet))
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continue; // 跳过已被访问过的顶点
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// 递归访问邻接顶点
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dfs(graph, visited, res, adjVet);
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}
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}
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/* 深度优先遍历 DFS */
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// 使用邻接表来表示图,以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点
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static List<Vertex> graphDFS(GraphAdjList graph, Vertex startVet) {
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// 顶点遍历序列
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List<Vertex> res = new ArrayList<>();
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// 哈希表,用于记录已被访问过的顶点
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Set<Vertex> visited = new HashSet<>();
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dfs(graph, visited, res, startVet);
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return res;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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/* 初始化无向图 */
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Vertex[] v = Vertex.valsToVets(new int[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 });
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Vertex[][] edges = { { v[0], v[1] }, { v[0], v[3] }, { v[1], v[2] },
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{ v[2], v[5] }, { v[4], v[5] }, { v[5], v[6] } };
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GraphAdjList graph = new GraphAdjList(edges);
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System.out.println("\n初始化后,图为");
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graph.print();
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/* 深度优先遍历 BFS */
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List<Vertex> res = graphDFS(graph, v[0]);
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System.out.println("\n深度优先遍历(DFS)顶点序列为");
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System.out.println(Vertex.vetsToVals(res));
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}
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}
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