mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
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Merge pull request #88 from justin-tse/dev
Add the remain TypeScript code and docs for Chapter of Array and Linkedlist
This commit is contained in:
Yudong Jin
@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
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/* 随机返回一个数组元素 */
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function randomAccess(nums: number[]): number {
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// 在区间 [0, nums.length) 中随机抽取一个数字
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const random_index = Math.floor(Math.random() * nums.length)
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const random_index = Math.floor(Math.random() * nums.length);
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// 获取并返回随机元素
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const random_num = nums[random_index]
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return random_num
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const random_num = nums[random_index];
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return random_num;
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}
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/* 扩展数组长度 */
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@ -18,43 +18,43 @@ function randomAccess(nums: number[]): number {
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// 为了方便学习，本函数将 Array 看作是长度不可变的数组
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function extend(nums: number[], enlarge: number): number[] {
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// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组
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const res = new Array(nums.length + enlarge).fill(0)
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const res = new Array(nums.length + enlarge).fill(0);
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// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组
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for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++){
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res[i] = nums[i]
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for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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res[i] = nums[i];
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}
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// 返回扩展后的新数组
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return res
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return res;
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}
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/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */
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function insert(nums: number[], num: number, index: number): void {
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// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位
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for (let i = nums.length - 1; i >= index; i--) {
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nums[i] = nums[i - 1]
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nums[i] = nums[i - 1];
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}
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// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素
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nums[index] = num
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nums[index] = num;
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}
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/* 删除索引 index 处元素 */
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function remove(nums: number[], index: number): void {
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// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位
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for (let i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {
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nums[i] = nums[i + 1]
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nums[i] = nums[i + 1];
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}
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}
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/* 遍历数组 */
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function traverse(nums: number[]): void {
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let count = 0
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let count = 0;
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// 通过索引遍历数组
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for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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count++
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count++;
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}
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// 直接遍历数组
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for(let num of nums){
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count += 1
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for (let num of nums) {
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count += 1;
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}
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}
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@ -62,40 +62,40 @@ function traverse(nums: number[]): void {
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function find(nums: number[], target: number): number {
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for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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if (nums[i] === target) {
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return i
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return i;
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}
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}
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return -1
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return -1;
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}
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/* Driver Codes*/
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/* Driver Code */
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/* 初始化数组 */
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let arr: number[] = new Array(5).fill(0)
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console.log("数组 arr =", arr)
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let nums: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]
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console.log("数组 nums =", nums)
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let arr: number[] = new Array(5).fill(0);
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console.log('数组 arr =', arr);
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let nums: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];
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console.log('数组 nums =', nums);
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/* 随机访问 */
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const random_num = randomAccess(nums)
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console.log("在 nums 中获取随机元素", random_num)
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const random_num = randomAccess(nums);
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console.log('在 nums 中获取随机元素', random_num);
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/* 长度扩展 */
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nums = extend(nums, 3)
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console.log("将数组长度扩展至 8 ，得到 nums =", nums)
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nums = extend(nums, 3);
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console.log('将数组长度扩展至 8 ，得到 nums =', nums);
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/* 插入元素 */
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insert(nums, 6, 3)
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console.log("在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ，得到 nums =", nums)
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insert(nums, 6, 3);
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console.log('在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ，得到 nums =', nums);
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/* 删除元素 */
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remove(nums, 2)
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console.log("删除索引 2 处的元素，得到 nums =", nums)
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remove(nums, 2);
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console.log('删除索引 2 处的元素，得到 nums =', nums);
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/* 遍历数组 */
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traverse(nums)
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traverse(nums);
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/* 查找元素 */
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var index: number = find(nums, 3)
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console.log("在 nums 中查找元素 3 ，得到索引 =", index)
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var index: number = find(nums, 3);
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console.log('在 nums 中查找元素 3 ，得到索引 =', index);
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export { }
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export {};
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82
codes/typescript/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list.ts
Normal file
82
codes/typescript/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
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/*
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* File: linked_list.ts
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* Created Time: 2022-12-10
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* Author: Justin (xiefahit@gmail.com)
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*/
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import ListNode from '../module/ListNode';
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import { printLinkedList } from '../module/PrintUtil';
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function insert(n0: ListNode, P: ListNode): void {
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const n1 = n0.next;
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n0.next = P;
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P.next = n1;
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}
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function remove(n0: ListNode): void {
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if (!n0.next) {
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return;
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}
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// n0 -> P -> n1
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const P = n0.next;
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const n1 = P.next;
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n0.next = n1;
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}
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function access(head: ListNode | null, index: number): ListNode | null {
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for (let i = 0; i < index; i++) {
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if (!head) {
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return null;
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}
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head = head.next;
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}
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return head;
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}
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function find(head: ListNode | null, target: number): number {
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let index = 0;
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while (head !== null) {
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if (head.val === target) {
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return index;
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}
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head = head.next;
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index += 1;
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}
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return -1;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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/* 初始化链表 */
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// 初始化各个结点
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const n0 = new ListNode(1);
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const n1 = new ListNode(3);
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const n2 = new ListNode(2);
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const n3 = new ListNode(5);
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const n4 = new ListNode(4);
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// 构建引用指向
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n0.next = n1;
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n1.next = n2;
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n2.next = n3;
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n3.next = n4;
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console.log('初始化的链表为');
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printLinkedList(n0);
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/* 插入结点 */
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insert(n0, new ListNode(0));
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console.log('插入结点后的链表为');
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printLinkedList(n0);
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/* 删除结点 */
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remove(n0);
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console.log('删除结点后的链表为');
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printLinkedList(n0);
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/* 访问结点 */
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const node = access(n0, 3);
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console.log(`链表中索引 3 处的结点的值 = ${node?.val}`);
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/* 查找结点 */
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const index = find(n0, 2);
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console.log(`链表中值为 2 的结点的索引 = ${index}`);
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export {};
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60
codes/typescript/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list.ts
Normal file
60
codes/typescript/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
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/*
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* File: list.ts
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* Created Time: 2022-12-10
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* Author: Justin (xiefahit@gmail.com)
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*/
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/* 初始化列表 */
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const list: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];
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console.log(`列表 list = ${list}`);
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/* 访问元素 */
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const num: number = list[1];
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console.log(`访问索引 1 处的元素，得到 num = ${num}`);
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/* 更新元素 */
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list[1] = 0;
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console.log(`将索引 1 处的元素更新为 0 ，得到 list = ${list}`);
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/* 清空列表 */
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list.length = 0;
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console.log(`清空列表后 list = ${list}`);
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/* 尾部添加元素 */
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list.push(1);
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list.push(3);
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list.push(2);
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list.push(5);
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list.push(4);
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console.log(`添加元素后 list = ${list}`);
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/* 中间插入元素 */
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list.splice(3, 0, 6);
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console.log(`在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ，得到 list = ${list}`);
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/* 删除元素 */
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list.splice(3, 1);
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console.log(`删除索引 3 处的元素，得到 list = ${list}`);
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/* 通过索引遍历列表 */
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let count = 0;
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for (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
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count++;
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}
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/* 直接遍历列表元素 */
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count = 0;
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for (const n of list) {
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count++;
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}
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/* 拼接两个列表 */
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const list1: number[] = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];
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list.push(...list1);
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console.log(`将列表 list1 拼接到 list 之后，得到 list = ${list}`);
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/* 排序列表 */
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list.sort((a, b) => a - b);
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console.log(`排序列表后 list = ${list}`);
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export {};
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147
codes/typescript/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/my_list.ts
Normal file
147
codes/typescript/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/my_list.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
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/*
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* File: my_list.ts
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* Created Time: 2022-12-11
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* Author: Justin (xiefahit@gmail.com)
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*/
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/* 列表类简易实现 */
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class MyList {
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private nums: Array<number>; // 数组（存储列表元素）
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private _capacity: number = 10; // 列表容量
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private _size: number = 0; // 列表长度（即当前元素数量）
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private extendRatio: number = 2; // 每次列表扩容的倍数
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/* 构造函数 */
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constructor() {
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this.nums = new Array(this._capacity);
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}
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/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/
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public size(): number {
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return this._size;
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}
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/* 获取列表容量 */
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public capacity(): number {
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return this._capacity;
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}
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/* 访问元素 */
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public get(index: number): number {
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// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同
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if (index >= this._size) {
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throw new Error('索引越界');
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}
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return this.nums[index];
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}
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/* 更新元素 */
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public set(index: number, num: number): void {
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if (index >= this._size) throw new Error('索引越界');
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this.nums[index] = num;
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}
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/* 尾部添加元素 */
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public add(num: number): void {
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// 如果长度等于容量，则需要扩容
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if (this._size === this._capacity) {
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this.extendCapacity();
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}
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// 将新元素添加到列表尾部
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this.nums[this._size] = num;
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this._size++;
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}
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/* 中间插入元素 */
|
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public insert(index: number, num: number): void {
|
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if (index >= this._size) {
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throw new Error('索引越界');
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}
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// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制
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if (this._size === this._capacity) {
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this.extendCapacity();
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}
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// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位
|
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for (let j = this._size - 1; j >= index; j--) {
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this.nums[j + 1] = this.nums[j];
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}
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// 更新元素数量
|
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this.nums[index] = num;
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this._size++;
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}
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|
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/* 删除元素 */
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public remove(index: number): number {
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if (index >= this._size) throw new Error('索引越界');
|
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let num = this.nums[index];
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// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位
|
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for (let j = index; j < this._size - 1; j++) {
|
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this.nums[j] = this.nums[j + 1];
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}
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// 更新元素数量
|
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this._size--;
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// 返回被删除元素
|
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return num;
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}
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|
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/* 列表扩容 */
|
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public extendCapacity(): void {
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// 新建一个长度为 size 的数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组
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this.nums = this.nums.concat(
|
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new Array(this.capacity() * (this.extendRatio - 1))
|
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);
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// 更新列表容量
|
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this._capacity = this.nums.length;
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}
|
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|
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/* 将列表转换为数组 */
|
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public toArray(): number[] {
|
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let size = this.size();
|
||||
// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
|
||||
let nums = new Array(size);
|
||||
for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
|
||||
nums[i] = this.get(i);
|
||||
}
|
||||
return nums;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* Driver Code */
|
||||
/* 初始化列表 */
|
||||
let list = new MyList();
|
||||
/* 尾部添加元素 */
|
||||
list.add(1);
|
||||
list.add(3);
|
||||
list.add(2);
|
||||
list.add(5);
|
||||
list.add(4);
|
||||
console.log(
|
||||
`列表 list = ${list.toArray()} ，容量 = ${list.capacity()} ，长度 = ${list.size()}`
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
/* 中间插入元素 */
|
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list.insert(3, 6);
|
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console.log(`在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ，得到 list = ${list.toArray()}`);
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除元素 */
|
||||
list.remove(3);
|
||||
console.log(`删除索引 3 处的元素，得到 list = ${list.toArray()}`);
|
||||
|
||||
/* 访问元素 */
|
||||
let num = list.get(1);
|
||||
console.log(`访问索引 1 处的元素，得到 num = ${num}`);
|
||||
|
||||
/* 更新元素 */
|
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list.set(1, 0);
|
||||
console.log(`将索引 1 处的元素更新为 0 ，得到 list = ${list.toArray()}`);
|
||||
|
||||
/* 测试扩容机制 */
|
||||
for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
|
||||
// 在 i = 5 时，列表长度将超出列表容量，此时触发扩容机制
|
||||
list.add(i);
|
||||
}
|
||||
console.log(
|
||||
`扩容后的列表 list = ${list.toArray()} ，容量 = ${list.capacity()} ，长度 = ${list.size()}`
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
export {};
|
||||
9
codes/typescript/module/ListNode.ts
Normal file
9
codes/typescript/module/ListNode.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
|
||||
// Definition for singly-linked list.
|
||||
export default class ListNode {
|
||||
val: number;
|
||||
next: ListNode | null;
|
||||
constructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {
|
||||
this.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val;
|
||||
this.next = next === undefined ? null : next;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
18
codes/typescript/module/PrintUtil.ts
Normal file
18
codes/typescript/module/PrintUtil.ts
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* File: PrintUtil.ts
|
||||
* Created Time: 2022-12-10
|
||||
* Author: Justin (xiefahit@gmail.com)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
import ListNode from './ListNode';
|
||||
|
||||
function printLinkedList(head: ListNode | null): void {
|
||||
const list: string[] = [];
|
||||
while (head !== null) {
|
||||
list.push(head.val.toString());
|
||||
head = head.next;
|
||||
}
|
||||
console.log(list.join(' -> '));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
export { printLinkedList };
|
||||
@ -63,7 +63,15 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title=""
|
||||
|
||||
/* 链表结点结构体 */
|
||||
class ListNode {
|
||||
val: number;
|
||||
next: ListNode | null;
|
||||
constructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {
|
||||
this.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // 结点值
|
||||
this.next = next === undefined ? null : next; // 指向下一结点的引用
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -152,7 +160,18 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title=""
|
||||
|
||||
/* 初始化链表 1 -> 3 -> 2 -> 5 -> 4 */
|
||||
// 初始化各个结点
|
||||
const n0 = new ListNode(1);
|
||||
const n1 = new ListNode(3);
|
||||
const n2 = new ListNode(2);
|
||||
const n3 = new ListNode(5);
|
||||
const n4 = new ListNode(4);
|
||||
// 构建引用指向
|
||||
n0.next = n1;
|
||||
n1.next = n2;
|
||||
n2.next = n3;
|
||||
n3.next = n4;
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -251,7 +270,22 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title=""
|
||||
|
||||
/* 在链表的结点 n0 之后插入结点 P */
|
||||
function insert(n0: ListNode, P: ListNode): void {
|
||||
const n1 = n0.next;
|
||||
n0.next = P;
|
||||
P.next = n1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
/* 删除链表的结点 n0 之后的首个结点 */
|
||||
function remove(n0: ListNode): void {
|
||||
if (!n0.next) {
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
// n0 -> P -> n1
|
||||
const P = n0.next;
|
||||
const n1 = P.next;
|
||||
n0.next = n1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -325,7 +359,16 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title=""
|
||||
|
||||
/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的结点 */
|
||||
function access(head: ListNode | null, index: number): ListNode | null {
|
||||
for (let i = 0; i < index; i++) {
|
||||
if (!head) {
|
||||
return null;
|
||||
}
|
||||
head = head.next;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return head;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -407,7 +450,18 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title=""
|
||||
|
||||
/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个结点 */
|
||||
function find(head: ListNode | null, target: number): number {
|
||||
let index = 0;
|
||||
while (head !== null) {
|
||||
if (head.val === target) {
|
||||
return index;
|
||||
}
|
||||
head = head.next;
|
||||
index += 1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return -1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -480,7 +534,17 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title=""
|
||||
|
||||
/* 双向链表结点类 */
|
||||
class ListNode {
|
||||
val: number;
|
||||
next: ListNode | null;
|
||||
prev: ListNode | null;
|
||||
constructor(val?: number, next?: ListNode | null) {
|
||||
this.val = val === undefined ? 0 : val; // 结点值
|
||||
this.next = next === undefined ? null : next; // 指向后继结点的引用
|
||||
this.prev = prev === undefined ? null : prev; // 指向前驱结点的引用
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
|
||||
@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title="list.ts"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 初始化列表 */
|
||||
const list: number[] = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -112,7 +113,11 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title="list.ts"
|
||||
/* 访问元素 */
|
||||
const num: number = list[1];
|
||||
|
||||
/* 更新元素 */
|
||||
list[1] = 0;
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -204,7 +209,21 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title="list.ts"
|
||||
/* 清空列表 */
|
||||
list.length = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
/* 尾部添加元素 */
|
||||
list.push(1);
|
||||
list.push(3);
|
||||
list.push(2);
|
||||
list.push(5);
|
||||
list.push(4);
|
||||
|
||||
/* 中间插入元素 */
|
||||
list.splice(3, 0, 6);
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除元素 */
|
||||
list.splice(3, 1);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -282,7 +301,17 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title="list.ts"
|
||||
/* 通过索引遍历列表 */
|
||||
let count = 0;
|
||||
for (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
|
||||
count++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 直接遍历列表元素 */
|
||||
count = 0;
|
||||
for (const n of list) {
|
||||
count++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -339,7 +368,9 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title="list.ts"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 拼接两个列表 */
|
||||
const list1: number[] = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];
|
||||
list.push(...list1);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -392,7 +423,8 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title="list.ts"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 排序列表 */
|
||||
list.sort((a, b) => a - b); // 排序后，列表元素从小到大排列
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
@ -687,7 +719,96 @@ comments: true
|
||||
=== "TypeScript"
|
||||
|
||||
```typescript title="my_list.ts"
|
||||
/* 列表类简易实现 */
|
||||
class MyList {
|
||||
private nums: Array<number>; // 数组（存储列表元素）
|
||||
private _capacity: number = 10; // 列表容量
|
||||
private _size: number = 0; // 列表长度（即当前元素数量）
|
||||
private extendRatio: number = 2; // 每次列表扩容的倍数
|
||||
|
||||
/* 构造函数 */
|
||||
constructor() {
|
||||
this.nums = new Array(this._capacity);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 获取列表长度（即当前元素数量）*/
|
||||
public size(): number {
|
||||
return this._size;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 获取列表容量 */
|
||||
public capacity(): number {
|
||||
return this._capacity;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 访问元素 */
|
||||
public get(index: number): number {
|
||||
// 索引如果越界则抛出异常，下同
|
||||
if (index >= this._size) {
|
||||
throw new Error('索引越界');
|
||||
}
|
||||
return this.nums[index];
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 更新元素 */
|
||||
public set(index: number, num: number): void {
|
||||
if (index >= this._size) throw new Error('索引越界');
|
||||
this.nums[index] = num;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 尾部添加元素 */
|
||||
public add(num: number): void {
|
||||
// 如果长度等于容量，则需要扩容
|
||||
if (this._size === this._capacity) {
|
||||
this.extendCapacity();
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 将新元素添加到列表尾部
|
||||
this.nums[this._size] = num;
|
||||
this._size++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 中间插入元素 */
|
||||
public insert(index: number, num: number): void {
|
||||
if (index >= this._size) {
|
||||
throw new Error('索引越界');
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 元素数量超出容量时，触发扩容机制
|
||||
if (this._size === this._capacity) {
|
||||
this.extendCapacity();
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 将索引 index 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位
|
||||
for (let j = this._size - 1; j >= index; j--) {
|
||||
this.nums[j + 1] = this.nums[j];
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 更新元素数量
|
||||
this.nums[index] = num;
|
||||
this._size++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除元素 */
|
||||
public remove(index: number): number {
|
||||
if (index >= this._size) throw new Error('索引越界');
|
||||
let num = this.nums[index];
|
||||
// 将索引 index 之后的元素都向前移动一位
|
||||
for (let j = index; j < this._size - 1; j++) {
|
||||
this.nums[j] = this.nums[j + 1];
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 更新元素数量
|
||||
this._size--;
|
||||
// 返回被删除元素
|
||||
return num;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 列表扩容 */
|
||||
public extendCapacity(): void {
|
||||
// 新建一个长度为 size 的数组，并将原数组拷贝到新数组
|
||||
this.nums = this.nums.concat(
|
||||
new Array(this.capacity() * (this.extendRatio - 1))
|
||||
);
|
||||
// 更新列表容量
|
||||
this._capacity = this.nums.length;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "C"
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user