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<p>设元素数量为 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> ，则最后一个元素入堆的时间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(\log n)\)</span> 。在依次添加元素时，堆的平均长度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(\frac{n}{2}\)</span> ，因此该方法的总体时间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n \log n)\)</span> 。</p>
<h2 id="822">8.2.2. &nbsp; 基于堆化操作实现<a class="headerlink" href="#822" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>有趣的是，存在一种更高效的建堆方法，其时间复杂度仅为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> 。我们先将列表所有元素原封不动添加到堆中，<strong>然后迭代地对各个节点执行“从顶至底堆化”</strong>。当然，<strong>我们不需要对叶节点执行堆化操作</strong>，因为它们没有子节点。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法，根据输入列表建堆 */</span>