Add C++, Python, Go code for chapter_hashing

codes/python/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+"""
+File: array_hash_map.py
+Created Time: 2022-12-14
+Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+"""
+
+# 键值对 int->String
+class Entry:
+    def __init__(self, key, val):
+        self.key = key
+        self.val = val
+
+
+# 基于数组简易实现的哈希表
+class ArrayHashMap:
+    def __init__(self):
+        # 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
+        self.bucket = [None] * 100
+
+    # 哈希函数
+    def hashFunc(self, key):
+        index = key % 100
+        return index
+
+    # 查询操作
+    def get(self, key):
+        index = self.hashFunc(key)
+        pair = self.bucket[index]
+        if pair is None:
+            return None
+        return pair.val
+
+    # 添加操作
+    def put(self, key, val):
+        pair = Entry(key, val)
+        index = self.hashFunc(key)
+        self.bucket[index] = pair
+
+    # 删除操作
+    def remove(self, key):
+        index = self.hashFunc(key)
+        # 置为空字符，代表删除
+        self.bucket[index] = None
+
+    # 获取所有键值对
+    def entrySet(self):
+        result = []
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                result.append(pair)
+        return result
+
+    # 获取所有键
+    def keySet(self):
+        result = []
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                result.append(pair.key)
+        return result
+
+    # 获取所有值
+    def valueSet(self):
+        result = []
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                result.append(pair.val)
+        return result
+
+    # 打印哈希表
+    def print(self):
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                print(pair.key, "->", pair.val)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    """ 初始化哈希表 """
+    Map = ArrayHashMap()
+
+    """ 添加操作 """
+    # 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+    Map.put(12836, "小哈")
+    Map.put(15937, "小啰")
+    Map.put(16750, "小算")
+    Map.put(13276, "小法")
+    Map.put(10583, "小鸭")
+    print("\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+    Map.print()
+
+    """ 查询操作 """
+    # 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+    name = Map.get(15937)
+    print("\n输入学号 15937 ，查询到姓名 " + name)
+
+    """ 删除操作 """
+    # 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+    Map.remove(10583)
+    print("\n删除 10583 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+    Map.print()
+
+    """ 遍历哈希表 """
+    print("\n遍历键值对 Key->Value")
+    for pair in Map.entrySet():
+        print(pair.key, "->", pair.val)
+
+    print("\n单独遍历键 Key")
+    for key in Map.keySet():
+        print(key)
+
+    print("\n单独遍历值 Value")
+    for val in Map.valueSet():
+        print(val)